Iron(II) oxide or ferrous oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula FeO. Its mineral form is known as wüstite.[3][4] One of several iron oxides, it is a black-colored powder that is sometimes confused with rust, the latter of which consists of hydrated iron(III) oxide (ferric oxide). Iron(II) oxide also refers to a family of related non-stoichiometric compounds, which are typically iron deficient with compositions ranging from Fe0.84O to Fe0.95O.[5]
FeO can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of iron(II) oxalate.
FeC2O4 → FeO + CO2 + CO
The procedure is conducted under an inert atmosphere to avoid the formation of iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3). A similar procedure can also be used for the synthesis of manganous oxide and stannous oxide.[6][7]
Stoichiometric FeO can be prepared by heating Fe0.95O with metallic iron at 770 °C and 36 kbar.[8]
Reactionsedit
FeO is thermodynamically unstable below 575 °C, tending to disproportionate to metal and Fe3O4:[5]
4FeO → Fe + Fe3O4
Structureedit
Iron(II) oxide adopts the cubic, rock salt structure, where iron atoms are octahedrally coordinated by oxygen atoms and the oxygen atoms octahedrally coordinated by iron atoms. The non-stoichiometry occurs because of the ease of oxidation of FeII to FeIII effectively replacing a small portion of FeII with two-thirds their number of FeIII, which take up tetrahedral positions in the close packed oxide lattice.[8]
In contrast to the crystalline solid, in the molten state iron atoms are coordinated by predominantly 4 or 5 oxygen atoms.[9]
Below 200 K there is a minor change to the structure which changes the symmetry to rhombohedral and samples become antiferromagnetic.[8][10]
Occurrence in natureedit
Iron(II) oxide makes up approximately 9% of the Earth's mantle. Within the mantle, it may be electrically conductive, which is a possible explanation for perturbations in Earth's rotation not accounted for by accepted models of the mantle's properties.[11]
Usesedit
Iron(II) oxide is used as a pigment. It is FDA-approved for use in cosmetics and it is used in some tattoo inks. It can also be used as a phosphate remover from home aquaria.
^Shi, Caijuan; Alderman, Oliver; Tamalonis, Anthony; Weber, Richard; You, Jinglin; Benmore, Chris (2020). "Redox-structure dependence of molten iron oxides". Communications Materials. 1 (1): 80. Bibcode:2020CoMat...1...80S. doi:10.1038/s43246-020-00080-4.
^Proceedings of the 5th Unconventional Resources Technology Conference. Tulsa, OK, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists. 2017. doi:10.15530/urtec-2017-2670073. ISBN978-0-9912144-4-0.
^. Archived from the original on January 24, 2012.
External linksedit
Wustite Mineral Data
February 15, 2024
iron, oxide, ferrous, oxide, inorganic, compound, with, formula, mineral, form, known, wüstite, several, iron, oxides, black, colored, powder, that, sometimes, confused, with, rust, latter, which, consists, hydrated, iron, oxide, ferric, oxide, also, refers, f. Iron II oxide or ferrous oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula FeO Its mineral form is known as wustite 3 4 One of several iron oxides it is a black colored powder that is sometimes confused with rust the latter of which consists of hydrated iron III oxide ferric oxide Iron II oxide also refers to a family of related non stoichiometric compounds which are typically iron deficient with compositions ranging from Fe0 84O to Fe0 95O 5 Iron II oxide NamesIUPAC name Iron II oxideOther names Ferrous oxide iron monoxideIdentifiersCAS Number 1345 25 1 Y3D model JSmol Interactive imageChEBI CHEBI 50820 YChemSpider 14237 YECHA InfoCard 100 014 292Gmelin Reference 13590PubChem CID 14945UNII G7036X8B5H YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID1041976InChI InChI 1S Fe O YKey UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ UHFFFAOYSA N YInChI 1 Fe O rFeO c1 2Key UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ WPTVXXAFABSMILES Fe OPropertiesChemical formula FeOMolar mass 71 844 g molAppearance black crystalsDensity 5 745 g cm3Melting point 1 377 C 2 511 F 1 650 K 1 Boiling point 3 414 C 6 177 F 3 687 K Solubility in water InsolubleSolubility insoluble in alkali alcohol dissolves in acidMagnetic susceptibility x 7200 10 6 cm3 molRefractive index nD 2 23HazardsOccupational safety and health OHS OSH Main hazards can be combustible under specific conditions 2 NFPA 704 fire diamond 110Autoignitiontemperature 200 C 392 F 473 K Safety data sheet SDS ICSC 0793Related compoundsOther anions Iron II sulfideIron II selenideIron II tellurideOther cations Manganese II oxideCobalt II oxideRelated Iron oxides Iron II III oxideIron III oxideRelated compounds Iron II fluorideExcept where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Y verify what is Y N Infobox references Contents 1 Preparation 2 Reactions 3 Structure 4 Occurrence in nature 5 Uses 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksPreparation editFeO can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of iron II oxalate FeC2O4 FeO CO2 COThe procedure is conducted under an inert atmosphere to avoid the formation of iron III oxide Fe2O3 A similar procedure can also be used for the synthesis of manganous oxide and stannous oxide 6 7 Stoichiometric FeO can be prepared by heating Fe0 95O with metallic iron at 770 C and 36 kbar 8 Reactions editFeO is thermodynamically unstable below 575 C tending to disproportionate to metal and Fe3O4 5 4FeO Fe Fe3O4Structure editIron II oxide adopts the cubic rock salt structure where iron atoms are octahedrally coordinated by oxygen atoms and the oxygen atoms octahedrally coordinated by iron atoms The non stoichiometry occurs because of the ease of oxidation of FeII to FeIII effectively replacing a small portion of FeII with two thirds their number of FeIII which take up tetrahedral positions in the close packed oxide lattice 8 In contrast to the crystalline solid in the molten state iron atoms are coordinated by predominantly 4 or 5 oxygen atoms 9 Below 200 K there is a minor change to the structure which changes the symmetry to rhombohedral and samples become antiferromagnetic 8 10 Occurrence in nature editIron II oxide makes up approximately 9 of the Earth s mantle Within the mantle it may be electrically conductive which is a possible explanation for perturbations in Earth s rotation not accounted for by accepted models of the mantle s properties 11 Uses editIron II oxide is used as a pigment It is FDA approved for use in cosmetics and it is used in some tattoo inks It can also be used as a phosphate remover from home aquaria See also editIron II hydroxide Iron II References edit Pradyot Patnaik Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals McGraw Hill 2002 ISBN 0 07 049439 8 404 School of Art amp Design PDF art illinois edu a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Cite uses generic title help Wustite www mindat org List of Minerals www ima mineralogy org March 21 2011 a b Greenwood Norman N Earnshaw Alan 1997 Chemistry of the Elements 2nd ed Butterworth Heinemann ISBN 978 0 08 037941 8 H Lux Iron II Oxide in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry 2nd Ed Edited by G Brauer Academic Press 1963 NY Vol 1 p 1497 Practical Chemistry for Advanced Students Arthur Sutcliffe 1930 1949 Ed John Murray London a b c Wells A F 1984 Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 855370 6 Shi Caijuan Alderman Oliver Tamalonis Anthony Weber Richard You Jinglin Benmore Chris 2020 Redox structure dependence of molten iron oxides Communications Materials 1 1 80 Bibcode 2020CoMat 1 80S doi 10 1038 s43246 020 00080 4 Proceedings of the 5th Unconventional Resources Technology Conference Tulsa OK USA American Association of Petroleum Geologists 2017 doi 10 15530 urtec 2017 2670073 ISBN 978 0 9912144 4 0 Science Jan 2012 Archived from the original on January 24 2012 External links editWustite Mineral Data Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Iron II oxide amp oldid 1194547321, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
