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Heavy Metal (magazine)

April 27, 2024

Heavy Metal was an American science fiction and fantasy comics magazine, published between 1977 and 2023. The magazine was known primarily for its blend of dark fantasy/science fiction, erotica, and steampunk comics.

Heavy Metal
Jean-Michel Nicollet's cover for the first issue.
Editor in ChiefTim Seeley
Former editors
FrequencyMonthly (1977–1985)
Circulation250,000[1]
PublisherMatty Simmons (1977–1990)
Kevin Eastman (1992–c. 2020)
FounderLeonard Mogel
First issueApril 1977; 47 years ago (1977-04)
Final issueApril 2023
Company
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
WebsiteHeavyMetal.com
ISSN0885-7822

Unlike the traditional American comic books of that time bound by the restrictive Comics Code Authority, the magazine-format Heavy Metal featured explicit nudity, sexual situations, and graphic violence. The magazine started out primarily as a licensed translation of the French science-fantasy magazine Métal hurlant, marking for many Americans their first introduction to the work of European cartoonists like Enki Bilal, Philippe Caza, Guido Crepax, Philippe Druillet, Jean-Claude Forest, Jean Giraud (a.k.a. Moebius), Chantal Montellier, and Milo Manara.

Publication history edit

National Lampoon edit

After a 1975 European trip by National Lampoon (NL) contributor Tony Hendra expressing interest in European comics, the magazine's New York offices attracted significant European comic material. On 2 September 1976, NL editor Sean Kelly singled out the relatively new French comics anthology Métal hurlant (lit. 'Howling Metal', though Kelly translated it as "Screaming Metal")[2] and brought it to the attention of company president Leonard Mogel on 3 September, as Mogel was departing for Germany and France to jump-start the French edition of National Lampoon.[3] (Métal hurlant had debuted in early 1975 from Les Humanoïdes Associés (lit. 'United Humanoids'), an association of Philippe Druillet, Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Jean Giraud (Mœbius), and financial director Bernard Farkas formed on 19 December 1974.)[4] Upon Mogel's return from Paris on 27 September, he reported that the French publishers had agreed to an English language version, and he suggested the title Heavy Metal for an April issue to be released in March 1977.[5]

Heavy Metal debuted in the US as a glossy, full-color monthly published by HM Communications, Inc., a subsidiary of Matty Simmons' Twenty First Century Communications, Inc.[6][a] The cover of the initial April 1977 issue declared itself to be "From the people who bring you the National Lampoon", and the issue primarily featured reprints from Métal hurlant, as well as material from National Lampoon, a colorized portion of Vaughn Bodē's Sunpot (1971), and an excerpt from Terry Brooks' The Sword of Shannara (1977).[8] Since the color pages from Métal hurlant had already been shot in France, the budget to reproduce them in the US version was greatly reduced.[citation needed]

In 1979, HM Communications published a couple of comics-format movie adaptations collected from the pages of Heavy Metal. The first was Archie Goodwin and Walt Simonson's Alien: The Illustrated Story, distributed by Simon & Schuster.[9] The second movie tie-in was 1941: The Illustrated Story by Allen Asherman, Stephen R. Bissette, Rick Veitch; which rather than being a straight adaptation, varies wildly and humorously from the film. 1941 director Steven Spielberg wrote the book's introduction.[10]

In the late spring of 1980, Métal hurlant went bankrupt[11] and Heavy Metal severed its ties with its content partner.[12] Métal hurlant managed to keep publishing, however, and the two magazines reconciled in the summer of 1981.[13]

After running as a monthly for its first nine years up to the December 1985 issue, the magazine dropped to a quarterly schedule (winter, spring, summer, and fall) beginning in 1986, promising an increase in length and to feature only complete (rather than serialized) stories.[14][15]

Métal hurlant folded in the summer of 1987,[16] [17] forcing Heavy Metal to expand its reach for new content.

Grodnik/Matheson, J2 Communications edit

In late 1988/early 1989, film producer Daniel Grodnik and actor/producer Tim Matheson acquired voting control of 21.3 percent of National Lampoon Inc. stock,[18] were named to the company's board, and eventually took control of the company (by purchasing the ten-percent share — worth $760,000[19] — of Matty Simmons, who departed the company).[20][21]

During this period, publication of Heavy Metal increased from a quarterly to a bi-monthly schedule, citing a thirty-percent increase in circulation.[22]

A year later,[23] Grodnik/Matheson Co. sold the properties to J2 Communications, a home video producer and distributor founded by James P. Jimirro, with Grodnik and Matheson staying on for a period to run the new division.[24][25][26]

Kevin Eastman edit

Kevin Eastman, co-creator of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, who had grown up reading Heavy Metal, bought the magazine for $500,000[27][19] in May 1992.[28] (In total, HM Communications published 137 issues in 15 volumes from April 1977 to March 1992.) Eastman's publishing entity Metal Mammoth, Inc. published the magazine from 1992 to 2014. Eastman also served as Heavy Metal's editor-in-chief for the bulk of this time (even into 2016, after he was no longer the owner).

Later developments edit

In January 2014, Eastman sold the magazine to digital and music veteran David Boxenbaum and film producer Jeff Krelitz.[29] Eastman continued to serve as publisher of the magazine (until early 2020)[30] and was a minority investor in the new Heavy Metal,[29] which became at that point published by Heavy Metal Media, LLC.

In late 2019, Krelitz was no longer with the magazine, which was undergoing leadership churn.[31] In early 2020, Heavy Metal saw a regime change to CEO Matthew Medney and "Creative Overlord" David Erwin (formerly of DC Entertainment).[32] Medney and Erwin announced two new comics publishing ventures, Virus[33] and Magma Comix,[34] though neither line produced much material.

Heavy Metal's 300th issue, published in 2021, featured work by Tanino Liberatore, Mark Bodé, and Kent Williams, among others; and posthumous work by Richard Corben, Moebius, and Vaughn Bodē. It had interviews and testimonials from writers discussing the impact the magazine had on them as teenagers.[35]

Joseph Illidge (who served as the magazine's Executive Editor) looked back with some pride on what the editorial team accomplished in the period 2019 to 2022:

"What I'm proud of is being part of a team that over the last three years, quite frankly, took the magazine out of its spiral into invisibility and irrelevance and reinvigorated it with some of the best artists and writers in comics, returned Heavy Metal to a monthly publication schedule, and revitalized the staff with new voices, vibrant energy, and new ideas. We opened the doors to women, queer creators, and American creators of color. We followed the lead of the seminal 1981 animated film and made the character of Taarna the flagship character of the company in publishing, treating her like our Batman and elevating her with creative minds...."[36]

Cancellation edit

In the fall of 2022, the magazine entered into an agreement with online marketplace Whatnot to publish the following 12 issues of the magazine.[37] Soon afterward, the magazine announced it was "ceasing publication of what they described as the first volume of the magazine, which had been published continuously since 1977. The last issue of the first volume, number 320, was scheduled for publication in late October of 2022 and the successor, Volume 2, would be published by WhatNot Publishing starting with issue 1 in February of 2023."[38]

Amid cash flow problems, however, Heavy Metal shut down in December 2022. Initially intended to be a temporary suspension, the magazine worked to rectify subscription non-fulfillments and non-payments to artists and vendors. Medney stepped down as CEO, replaced by Marshall Lees and Jamie Penrose.[39]

In July 2023, with Whatnot's publishing division, Massive Publishing, only having produced one issue of Heavy Metal — #320, released in April of that year — it was announced that the publisher had decided to cancel the magazine and that #320 had been the final issue.[40][41]

Writer R. M. Rhodes had this to say about the long-running magazine's ignominious end:

It is entirely possible that Heavy Metal could surprise observers by releasing another issue, but they have no staff, no publisher, no partners, no credibility, no money, and an alienated audience. It certainly feels like the end. It would be very easy for Heavy Metal to prove me wrong, but ... I feel confident in stating that the magazine has ceased publication. I just wish that the company would bother to say something to that effect.[38]

Artists and features edit

Heavy Metal's high-quality artwork was notable. Work by international fine artists such as H. R. Giger, Frank Frazetta, and Esteban Maroto were featured on the covers of various issues. Stefano Tamburini and Tanino Liberatore's RanXerox series debuted in the States. Terrance Lindall's illustrated version of Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost appeared in the magazine in 1980.[42] Many stories were presented as long-running serials, such as those by Richard Corben, Pepe Moreno and Matt Howarth. Illustrators like Luis Royo and Alex Ebel contributed artwork over the course of their careers. An adaptation of the film Alien named Alien: The Illustrated Story, written by Archie Goodwin and drawn by Walter Simonson, was published in the magazine in 1979.

Here is a starting list of contributing artists featured in Heavy Metal:

Editors edit

The founding editors of the American edition of Heavy Metal were Sean Kelly and Valerie Marchant. Over the life of the magazine, the two editors with the longest tenures were Julie Simmons-Lynch (who was publisher Matty Simmons' daughter)[43] and Kevin Eastman, who was also the magazine's owner/publisher for more than 20 years.

The founding design director was Peter Kleinman (who served in the same capacity for National Lampoon). He created the original Heavy Metal logo design, at the request of Mogel, and was responsible for the launch and art direction of the first issue. Kleinman later hired designer and letterer John Workman, who brought to the magazine a background of experience at DC Comics and other publishers. Workman served as the magazine's art director from 1977 to 1984.[44] (His comics art, writing, lettering, coloring, and design work are evident throughout issues from that period.)

Founding editors Kelly and Marchant were replaced in August of 1979[45] by Ted White,[46] who was hired to introduce non-fiction and prose fiction into the magazine.[47][48] White was fired[49] in August 1980,[50] replaced as editor by magazine founder Leonard Mogel.[51]

Julie Simmons-Lynch took over from Mogel in late 1981,[52] serving as Heavy Metal's editor-in-chief for more than eleven years, stepping down when Kevin Eastman bought the magazine.

With a few breaks, Eastman was chief editor for Heavy Metal from early 1993 until mid-2016. Comics writer Grant Morrison became the magazine's editor-in-chief beginning with the April 2016 issue,[53][1] serving through 2018. They later served as creative advisor.

By issue #298 (2020), Tim Seeley had become editor-in-chief.[54] In 2021, Joseph Illidge took over as Executive Editor (leaving in late 2022).[36]

Legacy edit

Heavy Metal was widely credited for exposing many Americans/English-speakers to European comics[55] and the continent's top cartoonists.[56] As cartoonist and publisher Kevin Eastman said of the magazine, "Heavy Metal published European art that had not been previously seen in the United States, as well as demonstrating an underground comix sensibility that nonetheless wasn't as harsh or extreme as some of the underground comix – but ... definitely intended for an older readership".[57]

Creators like George Lucas,[58] Neil Gaiman,[59] and Steven Lisberger[60] have all discussed the influence of Heavy Metal on their later work.

The magazine was taken to task, however, for its juvenile stories,[61] violence, and misogynist portrayals of women. Entertainment Weekly described the magazine as, "a legendary sci-fi and fantasy comic magazine for adults... and perhaps precocious teens interested in more daring material, or who consider Wonder Woman a tad underdressed.[62] Critic R. M. Rhodes pointed out "the abundance of breasts in the magazine [was] somewhat of a running joke over the years."[63]

Sheila Benson of the Los Angeles Times wrote that Heavy Metal had "charm" but decried its "sadism."[64] Writing about the magazine's early years, Rhodes discussed the voluminous number of pieces in which "the amount of rape (and stories where attempted rape drives the action).... I really didn’t keep track of how often it happens, but any number more than 'none' is usually a bad sign. Tragically, it’s mostly used as just another plot point, with no mention or indication of the consequences."[63]

Upon the magazine's demise, however, Rhodes wrote that it "was vital at a time and place when comics readers needed to be reminded that comics were more than just four-color corporate American superhero comics published on a monthly basis. Ultimately, the revolution in French comics that led to Metal Hurlant had a bigger cultural impact than anyone would have thought possible."[38]

In other media edit

Films edit

Main article: Heavy Metal (film)

In 1981, an animated feature film was adapted from several of the magazine's serials. Made on a budget of U.S. $9.3 million and under production for three years, Heavy Metal featured animated segments from several different animation houses with each doing a single story segment. Another house animated the frame story which tied all the disparate stories together. Another animated feature film called Heavy Metal 2000 was released in 2000.

During 2008[65][66] and into 2009,[67] reports circulated that David Fincher and James Cameron would executive produce and, each, direct two of the eight to nine segments of a new animated Heavy Metal feature. Kevin Eastman was to also direct a segment, as well as animator Tim Miller, Zack Snyder, Gore Verbinski and Guillermo del Toro. Paramount Pictures decided to stop funding the film by August 2009[68] and no distributor or production company has shown interest in the second sequel, since.[69] In 2011, filmmaker Robert Rodriguez purchased the film rights to Heavy Metal and planned to develop a new animated film at the new Quick Draw Studios.[70]

An animated 3D film entitled War of the Worlds: Goliath, created as a sequel to H.G. Wells' The War of the Worlds and based on a story previously published in the magazine, was produced by The Tripod Group and released in Malaysia in 2012.[71][72]

The series "Interceptor" is being adapted into a film.[73]

In March 2019, the Fincher project was released as a reimagining television series, titled Love, Death & Robots.[74]

In March 2021, Heavy Metal announced its first move into television with an adaptation of Blake Northcott's trilogy of novels, the Arena Mode Saga. The first book was in active development after optioning the rights to the sci-fi thriller.[75]

Video games edit

Heavy Metal 2000 inspired a video game sequel released in 2000, the PC action-adventure Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K.². It was developed by Ritual Entertainment.

In 2001, Capcom released Heavy Metal: Geomatrix, an arcade fighting game that later made its way to Sega's Dreamcast console. Though not based on any specific material from Heavy Metal, it featured character designs by frequent contributor Simon Bisley and a style generally inspired by the magazine.

In 2020, Stern Pinball and the production company Incendium released a pinball machine commemorating the 300th issue of Heavy Metal, featuring Taarna and Cold Dead War (2021).[76][77] The made to order machine, with a playfield based on the Stern Star Wars release, sold for eight-thousand dollars and shipped in late 2020 along with an exclusive variant cover edition of Heavy Metal issue #300.[78][79]

Podcast network edit

In 2021, Heavy Metal launched a podcast network featuring scripted and unscripted shows that focused on horror, fantasy, sci-fi, comedy, and pop culture.[80]

See also edit

Further reading edit

  • Rhodes, RM (August 7, 2023). "The Uncertain Death of Heavy Metal Magazine: A look at what looks like the demise of Heavy Metal magazine, and the strange road that led to this". The Beat.

Notes edit

  1. ^ In late 1979, Twenty First Century Communications Inc. was renamed National Lampoon Inc.[7]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Schmidt, Gregory (September 4, 2016). "Heavy Metal Magazine, Long a Provocateur, Returns to Its Roots". The New York Times.
  2. ^ "Screaming Metal". The Comics Journal. No. 94. October 1984. pp. 58–84.
  3. ^ Hendra, Tony; Kelly, Sean, eds. (March 1977). "Heavy Metal Preview". National Lampoon. National Lampoon Inc. pp. 91–102.
  4. ^ Kelly, Sean; Marchant, Valerie, eds. (April 1977). "Origins". Heavy Metal. Vol. 1, no. 1. HM Communications Inc. p. 3.
  5. ^ Lofficier, Jean-Marc (March 16, 1996). "Giving Credit to Mogel". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 31, 2022.
  6. ^ "New Graphic Fantasy Magazine". Locus. Vol. 10, no. 2 (no. 199). February 1977. p. 1.
  7. ^ Dougherty, Philip H. (September 12, 1979). "Advertising". New York Times. sec. D, p.12.
  8. ^ "Origins". Heavy Metal. No. 1. April 1977. p. 3.
  9. ^ Muir, John Kenneth (April 22, 2016). "Remembering Heavy Metal's Alien: The Illustrated Story". flashbak. Retrieved June 19, 2017.
  10. ^ 1941: The Illustrated Story. Heavy Metal/Arrow Books. December 1979. ISBN 0930834089.
  11. ^ "Metal Hurlant Goes Bankrupt". The Comics Journal. No. 56. May 1980. p. 16.
  12. ^ "Heavy Metal Severs Ties with Metal Hurlant". The Comics Journal. No. 57. June 1980. p. 11.
  13. ^ "Reconciled with Metal Hurlant". The Comics Journal. No. 64. July 1981. p. 12.
  14. ^ Simmons-Lych, Julie; Mogel, Leonard (December 1985). "Editorial". Heavy Metal. Vol. 9, no. 9. HM Communications Inc. p. 3.
  15. ^ "Heavy Metal Switches Formats, Raises Prices, Drops Frequency". The Comics Journal. No. 102. September 1985. p. 20.
  16. ^ "Metal Hurlant Folds". The Comics Journal. No. 117. September 1987. pp. 23–24.
  17. ^ "The Rise and Fall: Metal Hurlant". The Comics Journal. No. 117. September 1987. p. 24.
  18. ^ Farhi, Paul (December 30, 1988). "A Funny Twist for National Lampoon Inc". Archived from the original on February 1, 2022.
  19. ^ a b Rhodes, RM (April 22, 2018). "And Then Heavy Metal was Bought by Kevin Eastman". ComicsDC.
  20. ^ Staff writer (March 17, 1989). "An Actor Acquires Control of National Lampoon Inc". The New York Times. sec.D, p.5.
  21. ^ Delugach, Al (March 17, 1989). "Film Producers Matheson and Grodnik Buy Control of National Lampoon Inc". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on February 1, 2022.
  22. ^ Simmons-Lynch, Julie (Winter 1989). "Editorial". Heavy Metal. Vol. 12, no. 4. HM Communications Inc. p. 3.
  23. ^ "Heavy Metal on Auction Block". The Comics Journal. No. 132. November 1989. p. 15.
  24. ^ Staff writer (March 10, 1990). "National Lampoon Acquisition Set". New York Times. sec.1, p.33.
  25. ^ McNary, Dave (October 26, 1990). "New owner takes over National Lampoon". United Press International. Archived from the original on February 1, 2022.
  26. ^ Britell, Penny (January 12, 1994). "J2's branching out". Variety. from the original on March 23, 2018.
  27. ^ "THE KEVIN EASTMAN INTERVIEW PART 2". The Comics Journal. No. 202. Interviewed by Gary Groth. March 1998 – via TCJ website (January 3, 2012).
  28. ^ "Eastman Buying Heavy Metal". Newswatch. The Comics Journal. No. 148. February 1992. p. 23.
  29. ^ a b Graser, Marc (January 17, 2014). "From Print to Producer: Heavy Metal Magazine Finds Buyers and New Future in Hollywood (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety.
  30. ^ Johnston, Rich (March 5, 2020). "How Kevin Eastman Found Out He Was No Longer Publisher of Heavy Metal Magazine".
  31. ^ Johnston, Rich (October 29, 2019). "In Wake of Heavy Metal CEO Jeff Krelitz's Absence, Senior Editor Hannah Means-Shannon Quits". Bleeding Cool.
  32. ^ MCMILLAN, GRAEME (March 4, 2020). "David Erwin Named Publisher of Heavy Metal". The Hollywood Reporter.
  33. ^ Ayres, Andrea (April 24, 2020). "HEAVY METAL ANNOUNCES BOLD NEW CREATOR-OWNED COMICS IMPRINT, VIRUS (EXCLUSIVE)". SyFy.
  34. ^ Kaplan, Avery (October 8, 2020). "TIPTON to head MAGMA COMIX, HEAVY METAL's new creator-owned imprint: The former IDW managing editor will lead the imprint's launch in spring 2021". The Beat.
  35. ^ "All Star Special". Heavy Metal. No. 300. HME/Heavy Metal Media, LLC. 2021.
  36. ^ a b Johnston, Rich (February 24, 2023). "Joe Illidge Leaves Heavy Metal Magazine, Talks To Bleeding Cool". Bleeding Cool.
  37. ^ Salkowitz, Rob (October 6, 2022). "Heavy Metal Inks Publishing Partnership with Whatnot". Publishers Weekly.
  38. ^ a b c Rhodes, RM (August 7, 2023). "The Uncertain Death of Heavy Metal Magazine: A look at what looks like the demise of Heavy Metal magazine, and the strange road that led to this". The Beat.
  39. ^ MacDonald, Heidi (January 17, 2023). "Matthew Medney Steps Down at Heavy Metal Amid Creator Accusations: Marshall Lees and Jamie Penrose are taking over operations for now". Comics Beat.
  40. ^ Johnston, Rich (July 17, 2023). "Whatnot Massive Cancels Heavy Metal: Will Not Publish Volume Two". Bleeding Cool.
  41. ^ Chiu-Tabet, Christopher (July 19, 2023). "'Heavy Metal' Magazine Canceled as Magma Comix Goes Independent". Multiversity Comics.
  42. ^ Williamsburg Art & Historical Center with Lindall's illustrations for Paradise Lost
  43. ^ Genzlinger, Neil (May 1, 2020). "Matty Simmons, a Force Behind 'Animal House,' Is Dead at 93". The New York Times. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
  44. ^ Arndt, Richard J. "A 2005 Interview with Steve Bissette About Bizarre Adventures!". Enjolrasworld.com: Marvel’s Black & White Horror Magazines Checklist. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  45. ^ "Heavy Metal Fires Sean Kelly and Valerie Marchant, Hires Ted White". The Comics Journal. No. 50. October 1979. p. 16.
  46. ^ "Ted White to Edit Heavy Metal". Locus. Vol. 12, no. 6 (no. 223). July–August 1979. p. 1.
  47. ^ Kemske, Floyd (November 1979). "End of Fiction at Heavy Metal". Science Fiction Times. Vol. 1, no. 5. pp. 1, 19.
  48. ^ "White Discusses Heavy Metal's Future". The Comics Journal. No. 50. October 1979. pp. 17–18.
  49. ^ "Heavy Metal Axes Ted White". Locus. Vol. 13, no. 8 (no. 236). August 1980. pp. 1, 10.
  50. ^ White, Ted (January 2000). "My Year at Heavy Metal". Beyond the Grid. The Comics Journal. No. 219. pp. 107–117.
  51. ^ "Len Mogel Takes Over Heavy Metal from Ted White". The Comics Journal. No. 59. October 1980. p. 17.
  52. ^ Greenberger, Robert (January 1982). "Clearing the Clouds Away". Comics Scene. No. 1. Starlog Group. pp. 46–49, 64. Heavy Metal is on the upswing with both the movie's release and a refocused outlook — the magazine examined with editor Julie Simmons-Lynch.
  53. ^ Jensen, Jeff (July 6, 2015). . Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on July 14, 2015. Retrieved April 21, 2016.
  54. ^ Johnston, Rich (March 12, 2020). "SCOOP: Tim Seeley is the New Editor-In-Chief of Heavy Metal Magazine". Bleeding Cool. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  55. ^ "Eyes of the Cat". Taboo. No. 4. Wilmington, VT: Spiderbaby Grafix & Publications. January 1990. ISBN 0922003033.
  56. ^ Beaty, Bart (February 1999). "Positive Signs: Ten Worthy Translation Projects". The Comics Journal. No. 210. pp. 125–129.
  57. ^ Wiater, Stanley; Bissette, Stephen R., eds. (1993). Comic Book Rebels: Conversations with the Creators of the New Comics. Donald I. Fine, Inc. ISBN 1-55611-355-2.
  58. ^ Lucas, George (1989). "Introduction". In Preiss, Byron (ed.). The Art of Mœbius. Marvel Enterprises. ISBN 978-0871356109.
  59. ^ "Remembering Moebius". journal.neilgaiman.com. March 10, 2012.
  60. ^ Sadoul, Numa (January 1991). Mœbius: Entretiens avec Numa Sadoul (in French) (Updated, expanded and revised version of the 1976 Albin Michel ed.). Tournai: Casterman. p. 198. ISBN 2203380152.
  61. ^ Austen, Jake (July 11, 2014). "Fantagraphics collects all 13 issues of 'witzend'". Chicago Tribune.
  62. ^ Jensen, Jeff (April 7, 2016). "Heavy Metal magazine: Grant Morrison's debut issue revealed". Entertainment Weekly.
  63. ^ a b Rhodes, RM (June 15, 2016). "Sex, Violence, Druuna". The Hooded Utilitarian.
  64. ^ Benson, Sheila (August 7, 1981). "'Heavy Metal' ... And the Zap Goes On". -Los Angeles Times. p. section VI, p. 9.
  65. ^ Fleming, Michael (March 13, 2008). "Par, Fincher put pedal to 'Metal' Eastman, Miller to direct animated segments". Variety. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
  66. ^ Billington, Alex (September 4, 2008). "Zack Snyder, Gore Verbinski, Guillermo del Toro Directing Heavy Metal Segments?". firstshowing.net. Retrieved September 21, 2008.
  67. ^ Fleming, Mike (March 12, 2010). "Fincher Brings Mettle To Passion Project". Deadline.
  68. ^ AFP (March 16, 2008). . ABC.net. Archived from the original on November 13, 2014.
  69. ^ MTV News (August 25, 2010). "David Fincher Can't Get Funding for "Heavy Metal"". worstpreviews.com. Retrieved May 7, 2011.
  70. ^ Film School Rejects (July 21, 2011). "SDCC: Robert Rodriguez Takes Heavy Metal". comingsoon.net. Retrieved November 26, 2011.
  71. ^ Heavy Metal Magazine Fan Page (November 7, 2010). "War of the Worlds: Goliath". heavymetalmagazinefanpage.com. Retrieved November 26, 2011.
  72. ^ Heavy Metal Magazine (November 7, 2010). . Heavy Metal. Archived from the original on November 27, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2011.
  73. ^ MCMILLAN, GRAEME (October 9, 2015). "Heavy Metal Developing Sci-Fi Vampire Comic 'Interceptor' For The Screen (Exclusive)". hollywoodreporter.com.
  74. ^ Schwartz, Terri (March 16, 2019). . IGN. Archived from the original on May 13, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2019.
  75. ^ White, Peter (March 26, 2021). "Iconic Sci-Fi Comic Brand Heavy Metal Moves into TV with Adaptation of Blake Northcott's 'Arena Mode Saga'".
  76. ^ Staff writer (June 15, 2020). "Stern Pinball & Incendium Announce First Official Heavy Metal Pinball Machine". Stern Pinball. from the original on November 24, 2020.
  77. ^ Staff writer (June 15, 2020). "At Last — the Heavy Metal Pinball Machine We've Always Needed!". Heavy Metal. from the original on June 21, 2020.
  78. ^ Staff writer (June 15, 2020). "The Heavy Metal Pinball Table". Incendium. from the original on November 12, 2021.
  79. ^ Ayub, Martin (June 15, 2020). "Heavy Metal Revealed". Pinball News. from the original on September 28, 2020.
  80. ^ Brooke, David (April 22, 2021). "Heavy Metal Entertainment to launch 'Heavy Metal Magazine: The Podcast' • AIPT". Retrieved January 4, 2022.

Sources edit

External links edit

  • Official website
  • Heavy Metal magazine fan page
  • Collection of essays about Heavy Metal by R.M. Rhodes

April 27, 2024
heavy, metal, magazine, heavy, metal, american, science, fiction, fantasy, comics, magazine, published, between, 1977, 2023, magazine, known, primarily, blend, dark, fantasy, science, fiction, erotica, steampunk, comics, heavy, metaljean, michel, nicollet, cov. Heavy Metal was an American science fiction and fantasy comics magazine published between 1977 and 2023 The magazine was known primarily for its blend of dark fantasy science fiction erotica and steampunk comics Heavy MetalJean Michel Nicollet s cover for the first issue Editor in ChiefTim SeeleyFormer editorsSean Kelly and Valerie MarchantTed WhiteLeonard MogelJulie Simmons LynchKevin EastmanGrant MorrisonFrequencyMonthly 1977 1985 Circulation250 000 1 PublisherMatty Simmons 1977 1990 Kevin Eastman 1992 c 2020 FounderLeonard MogelFirst issueApril 1977 47 years ago 1977 04 Final issueApril 2023CompanyNational Lampoon Inc 1977 1990 J2 Communications 1990 1992 Kevin Eastman 1992 2014 Heavy Metal Media LLC 2014 2021 Heavy Metal Entertainment LLC 2021 2022 Massive Publishing 2023 CountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishWebsiteHeavyMetal comISSN0885 7822 Unlike the traditional American comic books of that time bound by the restrictive Comics Code Authority the magazine format Heavy Metal featured explicit nudity sexual situations and graphic violence The magazine started out primarily as a licensed translation of the French science fantasy magazine Metal hurlant marking for many Americans their first introduction to the work of European cartoonists like Enki Bilal Philippe Caza Guido Crepax Philippe Druillet Jean Claude Forest Jean Giraud a k a Moebius Chantal Montellier and Milo Manara Contents 1 Publication history 1 1 National Lampoon 1 2 Grodnik Matheson J2 Communications 1 3 Kevin Eastman 1 4 Later developments 1 5 Cancellation 2 Artists and features 3 Editors 4 Legacy 5 In other media 5 1 Films 5 2 Video games 5 3 Podcast network 6 See also 7 Further reading 8 Notes 9 References 10 Sources 11 External linksPublication history editNational Lampoon edit After a 1975 European trip by National Lampoon NL contributor Tony Hendra expressing interest in European comics the magazine s New York offices attracted significant European comic material On 2 September 1976 NL editor Sean Kelly singled out the relatively new French comics anthology Metal hurlant lit Howling Metal though Kelly translated it as Screaming Metal 2 and brought it to the attention of company president Leonard Mogel on 3 September as Mogel was departing for Germany and France to jump start the French edition of National Lampoon 3 Metal hurlant had debuted in early 1975 from Les Humanoides Associes lit United Humanoids an association of Philippe Druillet Jean Pierre Dionnet Jean Giraud Mœbius and financial director Bernard Farkas formed on 19 December 1974 4 Upon Mogel s return from Paris on 27 September he reported that the French publishers had agreed to an English language version and he suggested the title Heavy Metal for an April issue to be released in March 1977 5 Heavy Metal debuted in the US as a glossy full color monthly published by HM Communications Inc a subsidiary of Matty Simmons Twenty First Century Communications Inc 6 a The cover of the initial April 1977 issue declared itself to be From the people who bring you the National Lampoon and the issue primarily featured reprints from Metal hurlant as well as material from National Lampoon a colorized portion of Vaughn Bode s Sunpot 1971 and an excerpt from Terry Brooks The Sword of Shannara 1977 8 Since the color pages from Metal hurlant had already been shot in France the budget to reproduce them in the US version was greatly reduced citation needed In 1979 HM Communications published a couple of comics format movie adaptations collected from the pages of Heavy Metal The first was Archie Goodwin and Walt Simonson s Alien The Illustrated Story distributed by Simon amp Schuster 9 The second movie tie in was 1941 The Illustrated Story by Allen Asherman Stephen R Bissette Rick Veitch which rather than being a straight adaptation varies wildly and humorously from the film 1941 director Steven Spielberg wrote the book s introduction 10 In the late spring of 1980 Metal hurlant went bankrupt 11 and Heavy Metal severed its ties with its content partner 12 Metal hurlant managed to keep publishing however and the two magazines reconciled in the summer of 1981 13 After running as a monthly for its first nine years up to the December 1985 issue the magazine dropped to a quarterly schedule winter spring summer and fall beginning in 1986 promising an increase in length and to feature only complete rather than serialized stories 14 15 Metal hurlant folded in the summer of 1987 16 17 forcing Heavy Metal to expand its reach for new content Grodnik Matheson J2 Communications edit In late 1988 early 1989 film producer Daniel Grodnik and actor producer Tim Matheson acquired voting control of 21 3 percent of National Lampoon Inc stock 18 were named to the company s board and eventually took control of the company by purchasing the ten percent share worth 760 000 19 of Matty Simmons who departed the company 20 21 During this period publication of Heavy Metal increased from a quarterly to a bi monthly schedule citing a thirty percent increase in circulation 22 A year later 23 Grodnik Matheson Co sold the properties to J2 Communications a home video producer and distributor founded by James P Jimirro with Grodnik and Matheson staying on for a period to run the new division 24 25 26 Kevin Eastman edit Kevin Eastman co creator of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles who had grown up reading Heavy Metal bought the magazine for 500 000 27 19 in May 1992 28 In total HM Communications published 137 issues in 15 volumes from April 1977 to March 1992 Eastman s publishing entity Metal Mammoth Inc published the magazine from 1992 to 2014 Eastman also served as Heavy Metal s editor in chief for the bulk of this time even into 2016 after he was no longer the owner Later developments edit In January 2014 Eastman sold the magazine to digital and music veteran David Boxenbaum and film producer Jeff Krelitz 29 Eastman continued to serve as publisher of the magazine until early 2020 30 and was a minority investor in the new Heavy Metal 29 which became at that point published by Heavy Metal Media LLC In late 2019 Krelitz was no longer with the magazine which was undergoing leadership churn 31 In early 2020 Heavy Metal saw a regime change to CEO Matthew Medney and Creative Overlord David Erwin formerly of DC Entertainment 32 Medney and Erwin announced two new comics publishing ventures Virus 33 and Magma Comix 34 though neither line produced much material Heavy Metal s 300th issue published in 2021 featured work by Tanino Liberatore Mark Bode and Kent Williams among others and posthumous work by Richard Corben Moebius and Vaughn Bode It had interviews and testimonials from writers discussing the impact the magazine had on them as teenagers 35 Joseph Illidge who served as the magazine s Executive Editor looked back with some pride on what the editorial team accomplished in the period 2019 to 2022 What I m proud of is being part of a team that over the last three years quite frankly took the magazine out of its spiral into invisibility and irrelevance and reinvigorated it with some of the best artists and writers in comics returned Heavy Metal to a monthly publication schedule and revitalized the staff with new voices vibrant energy and new ideas We opened the doors to women queer creators and American creators of color We followed the lead of the seminal 1981 animated film and made the character of Taarna the flagship character of the company in publishing treating her like our Batman and elevating her with creative minds 36 Cancellation edit In the fall of 2022 the magazine entered into an agreement with online marketplace Whatnot to publish the following 12 issues of the magazine 37 Soon afterward the magazine announced it was ceasing publication of what they described as the first volume of the magazine which had been published continuously since 1977 The last issue of the first volume number 320 was scheduled for publication in late October of 2022 and the successor Volume 2 would be published by WhatNot Publishing starting with issue 1 in February of 2023 38 Amid cash flow problems however Heavy Metal shut down in December 2022 Initially intended to be a temporary suspension the magazine worked to rectify subscription non fulfillments and non payments to artists and vendors Medney stepped down as CEO replaced by Marshall Lees and Jamie Penrose 39 In July 2023 with Whatnot s publishing division Massive Publishing only having produced one issue of Heavy Metal 320 released in April of that year it was announced that the publisher had decided to cancel the magazine and that 320 had been the final issue 40 41 Writer R M Rhodes had this to say about the long running magazine s ignominious end It is entirely possible that Heavy Metal could surprise observers by releasing another issue but they have no staff no publisher no partners no credibility no money and an alienated audience It certainly feels like the end It would be very easy for Heavy Metal to prove me wrong but I feel confident in stating that the magazine has ceased publication I just wish that the company would bother to say something to that effect 38 Artists and features editHeavy Metal s high quality artwork was notable Work by international fine artists such as H R Giger Frank Frazetta and Esteban Maroto were featured on the covers of various issues Stefano Tamburini and Tanino Liberatore s RanXerox series debuted in the States Terrance Lindall s illustrated version of Milton s epic poem Paradise Lost appeared in the magazine in 1980 42 Many stories were presented as long running serials such as those by Richard Corben Pepe Moreno and Matt Howarth Illustrators like Luis Royo and Alex Ebel contributed artwork over the course of their careers An adaptation of the film Alien named Alien The Illustrated Story written by Archie Goodwin and drawn by Walter Simonson was published in the magazine in 1979 Here is a starting list of contributing artists featured in Heavy Metal Jean Moebius Giraud Richard Corben H R Giger Milo Manara Philippe Druillet Enki Bilal Juan Gimenez Paolo Eleuteri Serpieri Simon Bisley Berni Wrightson Jim Steranko Esteban Maroto Neal Adams Barry Windsor Smith Brian Bolland Arthur Suydam Dave Stevens Walt Simonson Yacine ElghorriEditors editThe founding editors of the American edition of Heavy Metal were Sean Kelly and Valerie Marchant Over the life of the magazine the two editors with the longest tenures were Julie Simmons Lynch who was publisher Matty Simmons daughter 43 and Kevin Eastman who was also the magazine s owner publisher for more than 20 years The founding design director was Peter Kleinman who served in the same capacity for National Lampoon He created the original Heavy Metal logo design at the request of Mogel and was responsible for the launch and art direction of the first issue Kleinman later hired designer and letterer John Workman who brought to the magazine a background of experience at DC Comics and other publishers Workman served as the magazine s art director from 1977 to 1984 44 His comics art writing lettering coloring and design work are evident throughout issues from that period Founding editors Kelly and Marchant were replaced in August of 1979 45 by Ted White 46 who was hired to introduce non fiction and prose fiction into the magazine 47 48 White was fired 49 in August 1980 50 replaced as editor by magazine founder Leonard Mogel 51 Julie Simmons Lynch took over from Mogel in late 1981 52 serving as Heavy Metal s editor in chief for more than eleven years stepping down when Kevin Eastman bought the magazine With a few breaks Eastman was chief editor for Heavy Metal from early 1993 until mid 2016 Comics writer Grant Morrison became the magazine s editor in chief beginning with the April 2016 issue 53 1 serving through 2018 They later served as creative advisor By issue 298 2020 Tim Seeley had become editor in chief 54 In 2021 Joseph Illidge took over as Executive Editor leaving in late 2022 36 Legacy editHeavy Metal was widely credited for exposing many Americans English speakers to European comics 55 and the continent s top cartoonists 56 As cartoonist and publisher Kevin Eastman said of the magazine Heavy Metal published European art that had not been previously seen in the United States as well as demonstrating an underground comix sensibility that nonetheless wasn t as harsh or extreme as some of the underground comix but definitely intended for an older readership 57 Creators like George Lucas 58 Neil Gaiman 59 and Steven Lisberger 60 have all discussed the influence of Heavy Metal on their later work The magazine was taken to task however for its juvenile stories 61 violence and misogynist portrayals of women Entertainment Weekly described the magazine as a legendary sci fi and fantasy comic magazine for adults and perhaps precocious teens interested in more daring material or who consider Wonder Woman a tad underdressed 62 Critic R M Rhodes pointed out the abundance of breasts in the magazine was somewhat of a running joke over the years 63 Sheila Benson of the Los Angeles Times wrote that Heavy Metal had charm but decried its sadism 64 Writing about the magazine s early years Rhodes discussed the voluminous number of pieces in which the amount of rape and stories where attempted rape drives the action I really didn t keep track of how often it happens but any number more than none is usually a bad sign Tragically it s mostly used as just another plot point with no mention or indication of the consequences 63 Upon the magazine s demise however Rhodes wrote that it was vital at a time and place when comics readers needed to be reminded that comics were more than just four color corporate American superhero comics published on a monthly basis Ultimately the revolution in French comics that led to Metal Hurlant had a bigger cultural impact than anyone would have thought possible 38 In other media editFilms edit Main article Heavy Metal film In 1981 an animated feature film was adapted from several of the magazine s serials Made on a budget of U S 9 3 million and under production for three years Heavy Metal featured animated segments from several different animation houses with each doing a single story segment Another house animated the frame story which tied all the disparate stories together Another animated feature film called Heavy Metal 2000 was released in 2000 During 2008 65 66 and into 2009 67 reports circulated that David Fincher and James Cameron would executive produce and each direct two of the eight to nine segments of a new animated Heavy Metal feature Kevin Eastman was to also direct a segment as well as animator Tim Miller Zack Snyder Gore Verbinski and Guillermo del Toro Paramount Pictures decided to stop funding the film by August 2009 68 and no distributor or production company has shown interest in the second sequel since 69 In 2011 filmmaker Robert Rodriguez purchased the film rights to Heavy Metal and planned to develop a new animated film at the new Quick Draw Studios 70 An animated 3D film entitled War of the Worlds Goliath created as a sequel to H G Wells The War of the Worlds and based on a story previously published in the magazine was produced by The Tripod Group and released in Malaysia in 2012 71 72 The series Interceptor is being adapted into a film 73 In March 2019 the Fincher project was released as a reimagining television series titled Love Death amp Robots 74 In March 2021 Heavy Metal announced its first move into television with an adaptation of Blake Northcott s trilogy of novels the Arena Mode Saga The first book was in active development after optioning the rights to the sci fi thriller 75 Video games edit Heavy Metal 2000 inspired a video game sequel released in 2000 the PC action adventure Heavy Metal F A K K It was developed by Ritual Entertainment In 2001 Capcom released Heavy Metal Geomatrix an arcade fighting game that later made its way to Sega s Dreamcast console Though not based on any specific material from Heavy Metal it featured character designs by frequent contributor Simon Bisley and a style generally inspired by the magazine In 2020 Stern Pinball and the production company Incendium released a pinball machine commemorating the 300th issue of Heavy Metal featuring Taarna and Cold Dead War 2021 76 77 The made to order machine with a playfield based on the Stern Star Wars release sold for eight thousand dollars and shipped in late 2020 along with an exclusive variant cover edition of Heavy Metal issue 300 78 79 Podcast network edit In 2021 Heavy Metal launched a podcast network featuring scripted and unscripted shows that focused on horror fantasy sci fi comedy and pop culture 80 See also editAirtight Garage Den comics RanXerox Epic Illustrated Eclipse magazine Raw magazineFurther reading editRhodes RM August 7 2023 The Uncertain Death of Heavy Metal Magazine A look at what looks like the demise of Heavy Metal magazine and the strange road that led to this The Beat Notes edit In late 1979 Twenty First Century Communications Inc was renamed National Lampoon Inc 7 References edit a b c Schmidt Gregory September 4 2016 Heavy Metal Magazine Long a Provocateur Returns to Its Roots The New York Times Screaming Metal The Comics Journal No 94 October 1984 pp 58 84 Hendra Tony Kelly Sean eds March 1977 Heavy Metal Preview National Lampoon National Lampoon Inc pp 91 102 Kelly Sean Marchant Valerie eds April 1977 Origins Heavy Metal Vol 1 no 1 HM Communications Inc p 3 Lofficier Jean Marc March 16 1996 Giving Credit to Mogel Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on January 31 2022 New Graphic Fantasy Magazine Locus Vol 10 no 2 no 199 February 1977 p 1 Dougherty Philip H September 12 1979 Advertising New York Times sec D p 12 Origins Heavy Metal No 1 April 1977 p 3 Muir John Kenneth April 22 2016 Remembering Heavy Metal s Alien The Illustrated Story flashbak Retrieved June 19 2017 1941 The Illustrated Story Heavy Metal Arrow Books December 1979 ISBN 0930834089 Metal Hurlant Goes Bankrupt The Comics Journal No 56 May 1980 p 16 Heavy Metal Severs Ties with Metal Hurlant The Comics Journal No 57 June 1980 p 11 Reconciled with Metal Hurlant The Comics Journal No 64 July 1981 p 12 Simmons Lych Julie Mogel Leonard December 1985 Editorial Heavy Metal Vol 9 no 9 HM Communications Inc p 3 Heavy Metal Switches Formats Raises Prices Drops Frequency The Comics Journal No 102 September 1985 p 20 Metal Hurlant Folds The Comics Journal No 117 September 1987 pp 23 24 The Rise and Fall Metal Hurlant The Comics Journal No 117 September 1987 p 24 Farhi Paul December 30 1988 A Funny Twist for National Lampoon Inc Archived from the original on February 1 2022 a b Rhodes RM April 22 2018 And Then Heavy Metal was Bought by Kevin Eastman ComicsDC Staff writer March 17 1989 An Actor Acquires Control of National Lampoon Inc The New York Times sec D p 5 Delugach Al March 17 1989 Film Producers Matheson and Grodnik Buy Control of National Lampoon Inc Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on February 1 2022 Simmons Lynch Julie Winter 1989 Editorial Heavy Metal Vol 12 no 4 HM Communications Inc p 3 Heavy Metal on Auction Block The Comics Journal No 132 November 1989 p 15 Staff writer March 10 1990 National Lampoon Acquisition Set New York Times sec 1 p 33 McNary Dave October 26 1990 New owner takes over National Lampoon United Press International Archived from the original on February 1 2022 Britell Penny January 12 1994 J2 s branching out Variety Archived from the original on March 23 2018 THE KEVIN EASTMAN INTERVIEW PART 2 The Comics Journal No 202 Interviewed by Gary Groth March 1998 via TCJ website January 3 2012 Eastman Buying Heavy Metal Newswatch The Comics Journal No 148 February 1992 p 23 a b Graser Marc January 17 2014 From Print to Producer Heavy Metal Magazine Finds Buyers and New Future in Hollywood EXCLUSIVE Variety Johnston Rich March 5 2020 How Kevin Eastman Found Out He Was No Longer Publisher of Heavy Metal Magazine Johnston Rich October 29 2019 In Wake of Heavy Metal CEO Jeff Krelitz s Absence Senior Editor Hannah Means Shannon Quits Bleeding Cool MCMILLAN GRAEME March 4 2020 David Erwin Named Publisher of Heavy Metal The Hollywood Reporter Ayres Andrea April 24 2020 HEAVY METAL ANNOUNCES BOLD NEW CREATOR OWNED COMICS IMPRINT VIRUS EXCLUSIVE SyFy Kaplan Avery October 8 2020 TIPTON to head MAGMA COMIX HEAVY METAL s new creator owned imprint The former IDW managing editor will lead the imprint s launch in spring 2021 The Beat All Star Special Heavy Metal No 300 HME Heavy Metal Media LLC 2021 a b Johnston Rich February 24 2023 Joe Illidge Leaves Heavy Metal Magazine Talks To Bleeding Cool Bleeding Cool Salkowitz Rob October 6 2022 Heavy Metal Inks Publishing Partnership with Whatnot Publishers Weekly a b c Rhodes RM August 7 2023 The Uncertain Death of Heavy Metal Magazine A look at what looks like the demise of Heavy Metal magazine and the strange road that led to this The Beat MacDonald Heidi January 17 2023 Matthew Medney Steps Down at Heavy Metal Amid Creator Accusations Marshall Lees and Jamie Penrose are taking over operations for now Comics Beat Johnston Rich July 17 2023 Whatnot Massive Cancels Heavy Metal Will Not Publish Volume Two Bleeding Cool Chiu Tabet Christopher July 19 2023 Heavy Metal Magazine Canceled as Magma Comix Goes Independent Multiversity Comics Williamsburg Art amp Historical Center with Lindall s illustrations for Paradise Lost Genzlinger Neil May 1 2020 Matty Simmons a Force Behind Animal House Is Dead at 93 The New York Times Retrieved May 1 2020 Arndt Richard J A 2005 Interview with Steve Bissette About Bizarre Adventures Enjolrasworld com Marvel s Black amp White Horror Magazines Checklist Retrieved May 8 2013 Heavy Metal Fires Sean Kelly and Valerie Marchant Hires Ted White The Comics Journal No 50 October 1979 p 16 Ted White to Edit Heavy Metal Locus Vol 12 no 6 no 223 July August 1979 p 1 Kemske Floyd November 1979 End of Fiction at Heavy Metal Science Fiction Times Vol 1 no 5 pp 1 19 White Discusses Heavy Metal s Future The Comics Journal No 50 October 1979 pp 17 18 Heavy Metal Axes Ted White Locus Vol 13 no 8 no 236 August 1980 pp 1 10 White Ted January 2000 My Year at Heavy Metal Beyond the Grid The Comics Journal No 219 pp 107 117 Len Mogel Takes Over Heavy Metal from Ted White The Comics Journal No 59 October 1980 p 17 Greenberger Robert January 1982 Clearing the Clouds Away Comics Scene No 1 Starlog Group pp 46 49 64 Heavy Metal is on the upswing with both the movie s release and a refocused outlook the magazine examined with editor Julie Simmons Lynch Jensen Jeff July 6 2015 Heavy Metal is getting a punk rock facelift under new editor Grant Morrison Entertainment Weekly Archived from the original on July 14 2015 Retrieved April 21 2016 Johnston Rich March 12 2020 SCOOP Tim Seeley is the New Editor In Chief of Heavy Metal Magazine Bleeding Cool Retrieved October 12 2020 Eyes of the Cat Taboo No 4 Wilmington VT Spiderbaby Grafix amp Publications January 1990 ISBN 0922003033 Beaty Bart February 1999 Positive Signs Ten Worthy Translation Projects The Comics Journal No 210 pp 125 129 Wiater Stanley Bissette Stephen R eds 1993 Comic Book Rebels Conversations with the Creators of the New Comics Donald I Fine Inc ISBN 1 55611 355 2 Lucas George 1989 Introduction In Preiss Byron ed The Art of Mœbius Marvel Enterprises ISBN 978 0871356109 Remembering Moebius journal neilgaiman com March 10 2012 Sadoul Numa January 1991 Mœbius Entretiens avec Numa Sadoul in French Updated expanded and revised version of the 1976 Albin Michel ed Tournai Casterman p 198 ISBN 2203380152 Austen Jake July 11 2014 Fantagraphics collects all 13 issues of witzend Chicago Tribune Jensen Jeff April 7 2016 Heavy Metal magazine Grant Morrison s debut issue revealed Entertainment Weekly a b Rhodes RM June 15 2016 Sex Violence Druuna The Hooded Utilitarian Benson Sheila August 7 1981 Heavy Metal And the Zap Goes On Los Angeles Times p section VI p 9 Fleming Michael March 13 2008 Par Fincher put pedal to Metal Eastman Miller to direct animated segments Variety Retrieved September 21 2008 Billington Alex September 4 2008 Zack Snyder Gore Verbinski Guillermo del Toro Directing Heavy Metal Segments firstshowing net Retrieved September 21 2008 Fleming Mike March 12 2010 Fincher Brings Mettle To Passion Project Deadline AFP March 16 2008 Heavy Metal comic to become a film ABC net Archived from the original on November 13 2014 MTV News August 25 2010 David Fincher Can t Get Funding for Heavy Metal worstpreviews com Retrieved May 7 2011 Film School Rejects July 21 2011 SDCC Robert Rodriguez Takes Heavy Metal comingsoon net Retrieved November 26 2011 Heavy Metal Magazine Fan Page November 7 2010 War of the Worlds Goliath heavymetalmagazinefanpage com Retrieved November 26 2011 Heavy Metal Magazine November 7 2010 War of the Worlds Goliath an Animated Steampunk Epic Heavy Metal Archived from the original on November 27 2011 Retrieved November 26 2011 MCMILLAN GRAEME October 9 2015 Heavy Metal Developing Sci Fi Vampire Comic Interceptor For The Screen Exclusive hollywoodreporter com Schwartz Terri March 16 2019 HOW DAVID FINCHER AND TIM MILLER S HEAVY METAL REBOOT BECAME NETFLIX S LOVE DEATH amp ROBOTS IGN Archived from the original on May 13 2022 Retrieved March 17 2019 White Peter March 26 2021 Iconic Sci Fi Comic Brand Heavy Metal Moves into TV with Adaptation of Blake Northcott s Arena Mode Saga Staff writer June 15 2020 Stern Pinball amp Incendium Announce First Official Heavy Metal Pinball Machine Stern Pinball Archived from the original on November 24 2020 Staff writer June 15 2020 At Last the Heavy Metal Pinball Machine We ve Always Needed Heavy Metal Archived from the original on June 21 2020 Staff writer June 15 2020 The Heavy Metal Pinball Table Incendium Archived from the original on November 12 2021 Ayub Martin June 15 2020 Heavy Metal Revealed Pinball News Archived from the original on September 28 2020 Brooke David April 22 2021 Heavy Metal Entertainment to launch Heavy Metal Magazine The Podcast AIPT Retrieved January 4 2022 Sources editHeavy Metal at the Grand Comics DatabaseExternal links editOfficial website Heavy Metal magazine fan page Collection of essays about Heavy Metal by R M Rhodes Portal nbsp ComicsHeavy Metal magazine at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Media from Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Heavy Metal magazine amp oldid 1219282246, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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