Glipizide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1984.[1] It is available as a generic medication.[1] In 2020, it was the 49th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 13million prescriptions.[4][5]
Glipizide sensitizes the beta cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans insulin response, meaning that more insulin is released in response to glucose than would be without glipizide ingestion.[2] Glipizide acts by partially blocking potassium channels among beta cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. By blocking potassium channels, the cell depolarizes, which results in the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels. The resulting calcium influx encourages insulin release from beta cells.[6]
Historyedit
It was patented in 1969, and approved for medical use in 1971.[7] Glipizide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1984.[1]
Referencesedit
^ abcdefghijk"Glipizide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. AHFS. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
^ abcde"Glucotrol XL- glipizide tablet, extended release". DailyMed. 17 August 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
^ abBritish national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 693. ISBN9780857113382.
^"The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
^"Glipizide - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
^Bösenberg LH, Van Zyl DG (December 2008). "The mechanism of action of oral antidiabetic drugs: a review of recent literature". Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa. 13 (3): 80–8. doi:10.1080/22201009.2008.10872177. hdl:2263/10139.
^Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 449. ISBN9783527607495.
External linksedit
"Glipizide". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
glipizide, confused, with, gliclazide, glyburide, sold, under, brand, name, glucotrol, among, others, anti, diabetic, medication, sulfonylurea, class, used, treat, type, diabetes, used, together, with, diabetic, diet, exercise, indicated, itself, type, diabete. Not to be confused with gliclazide or glyburide Glipizide sold under the brand name Glucotrol among others is an anti diabetic medication of the sulfonylurea class used to treat type 2 diabetes 1 2 It is used together with a diabetic diet and exercise 1 2 It is not indicated for use by itself in type 1 diabetes 1 2 It is taken by mouth 1 2 Effects generally begin within half an hour and can last for up to a day 1 GlipizideClinical dataTrade namesGlucotrol Glucotrol XL othersAHFS Drugs comMonographMedlinePlusa684060License dataUS DailyMed GlipizidePregnancycategoryAU CRoutes ofadministrationBy mouthDrug classSulfonylureaATC codeA10BB07 WHO Legal statusLegal statusUK POM Prescription only US onlyPharmacokinetic dataBioavailability100 regular formulation 90 extended release Protein binding98 to 99 MetabolismLiver hydroxylationElimination half life2 to 5 hoursExcretionKidney and fecalIdentifiersIUPAC name N 4 N cyclohexylcarbamoyl sulfamoyl phenethyl 5 methylpyrazine 2 carboxamideCAS Number29094 61 9 YPubChem CID3478IUPHAR BPS6821DrugBankDB01067 YChemSpider3359 YUNIIX7WDT95N5CKEGGD00335 YChEBICHEBI 5384 NChEMBLChEMBL1073 YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID0040676ECHA InfoCard100 044 919Chemical and physical dataFormulaC 21H 27N 5O 4SMolar mass445 54 g mol 13D model JSmol Interactive imageMelting point208 to 209 C 406 to 408 F SMILES O C c1ncc nc1 C NCCc2ccc cc2 S O O NC O NC3CCCCC3InChI InChI 1S C21H27N5O4S c1 15 13 24 19 14 23 15 20 27 22 12 11 16 7 9 18 10 8 16 31 29 30 26 21 28 25 17 5 3 2 4 6 17 h7 10 13 14 17H 2 6 11 12H2 1H3 H 22 27 H2 25 26 28 YKey ZJJXGWJIGJFDTL UHFFFAOYSA N Y N Y what is this verify Common side effects include nausea diarrhea low blood sugar and headache 1 Other side effects include sleepiness skin rash and shakiness 3 The dose may need to be adjusted in those with liver or kidney disease 1 Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is not recommended 3 It works by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin and increases tissue sensitivity to insulin 1 Glipizide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1984 1 It is available as a generic medication 1 In 2020 it was the 49th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States with more than 13 million prescriptions 4 5 Contents 1 Mechanism of action 2 History 3 References 4 External linksMechanism of action editGlipizide sensitizes the beta cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans insulin response meaning that more insulin is released in response to glucose than would be without glipizide ingestion 2 Glipizide acts by partially blocking potassium channels among beta cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans By blocking potassium channels the cell depolarizes which results in the opening of voltage gated calcium channels The resulting calcium influx encourages insulin release from beta cells 6 History editIt was patented in 1969 and approved for medical use in 1971 7 Glipizide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1984 1 References edit a b c d e f g h i j k Glipizide Monograph for Professionals Drugs com AHFS Retrieved 24 December 2018 a b c d e Glucotrol XL glipizide tablet extended release DailyMed 17 August 2018 Retrieved 31 July 2020 a b British national formulary BNF 76 76 ed Pharmaceutical Press 2018 p 693 ISBN 9780857113382 The Top 300 of 2020 ClinCalc Retrieved 7 October 2022 Glipizide Drug Usage Statistics ClinCalc Retrieved 7 October 2022 Bosenberg LH Van Zyl DG December 2008 The mechanism of action of oral antidiabetic drugs a review of recent literature Journal of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa 13 3 80 8 doi 10 1080 22201009 2008 10872177 hdl 2263 10139 Fischer J Ganellin CR 2006 Analogue based Drug Discovery John Wiley amp Sons p 449 ISBN 9783527607495 External links edit Glipizide Drug Information Portal U S National Library of Medicine Portal nbsp Medicine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Glipizide amp oldid 1171492792, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
