Gawar-Bati or Narsati is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Chitral region of northern Pakistan, and across the border in Afghanistan. It is also known as Aranduyiwar in Chitral because it is spoken in Arandu, which is the last village in lower Chitral and is also across the border from Berkot in Afghanistan. There are about 9,000 speakers of Gawar-Bati, with 1,500 in Pakistan, and 7,500 in Afghanistan. The name Gawar-Bati means "speech of the Gawar",[2] a people detailed by the Cacopardos in their study of the Hindu Kush.[3]
The Gawar-Bati language has not been given serious study by linguists, except that it is mentioned by George Morgenstierne (1926) and Kendall Decker (1992).
^Decker, Kendall D. (1992). Languages of Chitral. Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, volume 5. Islamabad, Pakistan: National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University. pp. 153–154. ISBN978-969-8023-15-7.
^Cacopardo, Alberto M.; Cacopardo, Augusto S. (2001). Gates of Peristan: History, Religion and Society in the Hindu Kush. Rome, Italy: IsIAO. pp. 227–248. OCLC 50292664.
^Bashir, Elena (2007). Jain, Danesh; Cardona, George (eds.). The Indo-Aryan languages. p. 905. ISBN978-0415772945. 'Dardic' is a geographic cover term for those Northwest Indo-Aryan languages which [..] developed new characteristics different from the IA languages of the Indo-Gangetic plain. Although the Dardic and Nuristani (previously 'Kafiri') languages were formerly grouped together, Morgenstierne (1965) has established that the Dardic languages are Indo-Aryan, and that the Nuristani languages constitute a separate subgroup of Indo-Iranian.
^Edelman, D. I. (1983). The Dardic and Nuristani Languages. Moscow: Institut vostokovedenii︠a︡ (Akademii︠a︡ nauk SSSR). p. 139.
gawar, bati, language, confused, with, gawri, language, kohistan, gawari, language, india, gawar, language, cameroon, gawar, bati, narsati, indo, aryan, language, spoken, chitral, region, northern, pakistan, across, border, afghanistan, also, known, aranduyiwa. Not to be confused with the Gawri language of Kohistan the Gawari language of India or the Gawar language of Cameroon Gawar Bati or Narsati is an Indo Aryan language spoken in the Chitral region of northern Pakistan and across the border in Afghanistan It is also known as Aranduyiwar in Chitral because it is spoken in Arandu which is the last village in lower Chitral and is also across the border from Berkot in Afghanistan There are about 9 000 speakers of Gawar Bati with 1 500 in Pakistan and 7 500 in Afghanistan The name Gawar Bati means speech of the Gawar 2 a people detailed by the Cacopardos in their study of the Hindu Kush 3 Gawar BatiNarsatiNative toPakistan AfghanistanRegionChitral Kunar ProvinceNative speakers36 000 2017 2021 1 Language familyIndo European Indo IranianIndo AryanDardicKunarGawar BatiLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code gwt class extiw title iso639 3 gwt gwt a Glottologgawa1247ELPGawar Bati Contents 1 Study and classification 2 Phonology 2 1 Vowels 2 2 Consonants 3 Orthography 4 Notes and references 5 Further reading 6 External linksStudy and classification EditThe Gawar Bati language has not been given serious study by linguists except that it is mentioned by George Morgenstierne 1926 and Kendall Decker 1992 It is classified as an Indo Aryan language of the Dardic subgroup However the term Dardic is not linguistic but merely geographic 4 Phonology EditThe following tables set out the phonology of the Gawar Bati language 5 Vowels Edit Front Central BackClose i iː u uːMid e eː o oːOpen a aːThe status of short e and o is unclear Consonants Edit A breathy voiced series bʱ dʱ gʱ existed recently in older speakers and may still do so Labial Coronal Retroflex Palatal Velar GlottalNasal m n ɳStop voiceless p t ʈ kvoiced b d ɖ ɡaspirated pʰ pf f tʰ ʈʰ kʰAffricate voiceless ts tʂ tʃvoiced dz dʐ dʒaspirated tsʰ tʂʰ tʃʰFricative voiceless s ʂ ʃ x hvoiced z ʐ ʒ ɣApproximant j wLateral plain lFricative ɬ l Rhotic r ɽOrthography EditIt is rarely written This alphabet is used in Pakistan 6 Letter ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ ح خ ڄ ݮ څ ځ د ڈ ذ ر ڑ ز ژ ݫ سTransliteration a O b p t ṭ s ǰ c h x c j c j d ḍ z r ṛ z ẓ z sIPA aː O b p t ʈ s d ʒ t ʃ h x ʈ ʂ ɖ ʐ t s d z d ɖ z r ɾ ɽ z ʐ ʒ s Letter ش ݭ ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل ݪ م ن ݨ ں ه ء و ی ےTransliteration s ṣ s z t z ʔ ǧ f q k g l l m n ṇ h ʔ w u o y i eIPA ʃ ʂ s z t z ʔ ɣ f q k ɡ l ɬ l m n ɳ h ʔ w uː oː j iː eː Letter تھ پھ ٹھ چھ ڄھ څھ کھ Transliteration th ph ṭh ch c h ch kh a i uIPA tʰ pʰ ʈʰ t ʃʰ ʈ ʂʰ t sʰ kʰ a i u Notes and references Edit Gawar Bati at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 Decker Kendall D 1992 Languages of Chitral Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan volume 5 Islamabad Pakistan National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid i Azam University pp 153 154 ISBN 978 969 8023 15 7 Cacopardo Alberto M Cacopardo Augusto S 2001 Gates of Peristan History Religion and Society in the Hindu Kush Rome Italy IsIAO pp 227 248 OCLC 50292664 Bashir Elena 2007 Jain Danesh Cardona George eds The Indo Aryan languages p 905 ISBN 978 0415772945 Dardic is a geographic cover term for those Northwest Indo Aryan languages which developed new characteristics different from the IA languages of the Indo Gangetic plain Although the Dardic and Nuristani previously Kafiri languages were formerly grouped together Morgenstierne 1965 has established that the Dardic languages are Indo Aryan and that the Nuristani languages constitute a separate subgroup of Indo Iranian Edelman D I 1983 The Dardic and Nuristani Languages Moscow Institut vostokovedenii a Akademii a nauk SSSR p 139 http fli online org site wp content uploads 2016 04 Gawarbati Alif Be11 Feburary 2016 pdf bare URL PDF Further reading EditDecker Kendall D 1992 Languages of Chitral Islamabad Pakistan National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid i Azam University ISBN 969 8023 15 1 http www ethnologue com show work asp id 32850 Morgenstierne Georg 1926 Report on a Linguistic Mission to Afghanistan Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning Serie C I 2 Oslo ISBN 0 923891 09 9External links EditGeorg Morgenstierne multimedia database Gawar Bati online keyboard 35 19 38 N 71 35 05 E 35 32722 N 71 58472 E 35 32722 71 58472 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gawar Bati language amp oldid 1129335501, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
