fbpx
Wikipedia

Falcón

Falcón State (Spanish: Estado Falcón, IPA: [esˈtaðo falˈkon]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Coro.

Falcón
Motto(s): 
Dios y Federación
(English: God and Federation)
Location within Venezuela
CountryVenezuela
Created1864[c]
CapitalCoro
Government
 • BodyLegislative Council
 • GovernorVíctor Clark
 • Assembly delegation6
Area
 • Total24,800 km2 (9,600 sq mi)
 • Rank10th
 2.71% of Venezuela
Population
 (2011 census)
 • Total902,847
 • Rank11th
 3.45% of Venezuela
Time zoneUTC−4 (VET)
ISO 3166 codeVE-I
Emblematic treeCují yaque (Prosopis juliflora)
HDI (2019)0.701[1]
high · 11th of 24
Websitewww.falcon.gob.ve
^[c] As Coro State; in 1874, it was renamed as Falcón State.

The state was named after Juan Crisóstomo Falcón.

History edit

Early history edit

Present day Falcón State was first explored in 1499 by Juan de la Cosa and Américo Vespucio, as part of an expedition supervised by Alonso de Ojeda. In 1527, the city of Coro was founded by Juan Ampíes, who named it "Santa Ana de Coro". In 1811, when Venezuela declared its independence from Spain, Coro remained faithful to the Spanish Crown and was merged with the Province of Maracaibo. In 1815, King Fernando VII created the Province of Coro. In 1821, the province was liberated from Spain by Josefa Camejo during the Venezuelan War of Independence The area then became a province of the department of Zulia of the Republic of Gran Colombia. In 1830, with the separation of Venezuela from Gran Colombia, the Falcón area became a separate province of that nation.

 
Historic center of Santa Ana de Coro, Falcon State, Venezuela

By 1856, the province contained the cantons of Coro, San Luis, Casigua, Costa Arriba, Cumarebo and the Paraguaná Peninsula. In 1859, after the Federal War began on February 20 in Coro, the area was declared the Independent State of Coro. In 1864, it became a federal state, part of the United States of Venezuela.

Falcón State edit

In 1872 the province was renamed Falcón State, in honor of the Federal War leader Juan Crisóstomo Falcón. In 1879, along with Lara and Yaracuy, minus the Department of Nirgua, it became part of the Western Northern State. Between 1881 and 1890 is formed, with Zulia, the state of Falcón-Zulia.

In 1891 Falcón was reestablished as a separate state. In 1899 its name changed, and for a short period of time, it retook its historical denomination of Estado Coro; returning in 1901 to tFalcón .

In 1899, the territory comprising the towns of Tucacas and Chichiriviche, was annexed by Falcón. Lara State received the municipality of Urdaneta.

Coro, the capital, founded with the name of Santa Ana de Coro, was declared National Monument in 1950, and UNESCO has named it Cultural Patrimony of the Humanity in 1993.

Geography edit

Falcón State is located in the north of the Corian System. To the south, Falcón contains medium-altitude mountain ranges configured from east to west, which in the eastern part of the state reach the Caribbean Sea, forming maritime valleys.

West from the city of Coro, a coastal plain runs parallel to the Gulf of Venezuela. To the north lies one of the most characteristic geographic features of the Venezuelan coast: the Paraguana Peninsula, linked to the mainland by the isthmus of Médanos de Coro National Park.

 
Médanos de Coro National Park

Climate edit

A hot arid climate (BWh according to the Köppen climate classification) of very low rainfall dominates the western coast and the Paraguaná Peninsula. Coro receives 380 millimetres (15 in) of rain per year, which frequently fails in dry years, with an average temperature of 28.4 °C (83.1 °F), while in Punto Fijo there is just 180 millimetres (7 in) of annual rainfall with average temperatures of 27.6 °C (81.7 °F).

The extremely dry, desert conditions, with rainfall of less than 300 millimetres or 12 inches, are recognized on the western coasts of Coro and above all on the isthmus of Los Médanos de Coro, with average annual temperatures of between 28 and 29 °C (82.4 and 84.2 °F). In the eastern coastal sectors, rainfall increases from 800 to 1,200 millimetres (31 to 47 in) per year, always with high temperatures. Somewhat more favourable, with temperatures between 25 and 27 °C (77.0 and 80.6 °F), are the climatic conditions of the mountainous foothills, recognizing a sub-humid climate in the higher altitudes of the Sierras de San Luis and Churuguara, with an annual rainfall of 1,300 millimetres or 51 inches and average temperatures of 22 °C or 71.6 °F. On 29 April 2015, Coro recorded a temperature of 43.6 °C (110.5 °F), which is the highest temperature to have ever been recorded in Venezuela.[2]

Climate data for Coro
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 37.8
(100.0)
35.9
(96.6)
37.5
(99.5)
43.6
(110.5)
39.1
(102.4)
38.2
(100.8)
38.5
(101.3)
39.5
(103.1)
38.5
(101.3)
38.1
(100.6)
36.8
(98.2)
36.8
(98.2)
43.6
(110.5)
Average high °C (°F) 31.3
(88.3)
31.7
(89.1)
32.2
(90.0)
32.6
(90.7)
33.5
(92.3)
33.8
(92.8)
33.5
(92.3)
34.2
(93.6)
34.4
(93.9)
33.5
(92.3)
32.4
(90.3)
31.4
(88.5)
32.9
(91.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.5
(81.5)
27.8
(82.0)
28.3
(82.9)
28.8
(83.8)
29.6
(85.3)
29.8
(85.6)
29.5
(85.1)
30.0
(86.0)
30.1
(86.2)
29.4
(84.9)
28.6
(83.5)
27.7
(81.9)
28.9
(84.0)
Average low °C (°F) 23.6
(74.5)
23.8
(74.8)
24.3
(75.7)
24.9
(76.8)
25.6
(78.1)
25.7
(78.3)
25.5
(77.9)
25.7
(78.3)
25.8
(78.4)
25.3
(77.5)
24.8
(76.6)
23.9
(75.0)
24.9
(76.8)
Record low °C (°F) 19.5
(67.1)
19.0
(66.2)
20.5
(68.9)
21.1
(70.0)
20.4
(68.7)
21.8
(71.2)
20.5
(68.9)
21.6
(70.9)
20.5
(68.9)
20.7
(69.3)
20.8
(69.4)
18.9
(66.0)
18.9
(66.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 22.0
(0.87)
16.1
(0.63)
9.1
(0.36)
17.0
(0.67)
28.8
(1.13)
26.9
(1.06)
36.7
(1.44)
29.2
(1.15)
36.3
(1.43)
54.2
(2.13)
52.1
(2.05)
54.1
(2.13)
382.5
(15.06)
Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) 2.5 1.6 1.2 1.5 2.6 3.2 4.3 3.5 3.7 5.4 5.8 4.8 40.1
Average relative humidity (%) 69.0 68.5 67.0 69.0 68.5 68.0 67.5 67.0 67.0 70.5 72.0 71.0 68.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours 291.4 268.8 288.3 234.0 248.0 255.0 285.2 288.3 261.0 251.1 252.0 266.6 3,189.7
Source 1: Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (INAMEH)[3][4][5]
Source 2: NOAA (extremes, rainy days, and sun)[6]

Soils edit

On the coastline the soils are calcareous, and between the Lara and Falcón mountains, they are clay. They vary in quality, but in general, the availability of land for traditional agriculture can be classified as low, with 89% of very low potential, 3% of low potential and 6% of moderate potential.

Only 2% of it is located in the southeast valleys and alluvial areas, basins with very high potential. The limitations of the arid and semi-arid soils come from salinity, dryness caused by low rainfall, low concentration of organic matter and the influence of climatic agents such as wind.

Relief edit

The Corian System of Falcon State presents a diversity of landscapes ranging from coastal plains on its Caribbean side to mountain ranges formed by valleys and hills, in an area of transition between the two major mountain systems of the country. The Sierra de San Luis have the highest altitude of the entire system, but are of very modest height; the highest does not exceed 1600 meters (Cerro Galicia [es]).

Cerro Santa Ana is another natural landmark, located in the center of the Paraguaná peninsula. Unlike the rest of the peninsula, the characteristics of Santa Ana Hill are the contrast between its greenness and the xerophytic vegetation of the Paraguaná area. It has three peaks: the Santa Ana (the highest, that ascends to about 830 meters above sea level), the Buena Vista and Moruy.

Hydrography edit

 
Isiro Reservoir, Falcon State

The state's hydrography is very poor. All the rivers flow north, either into the Caribbean Sea or the Gulf of Venezuela. However, the main Venezuelan river of the Caribbean basin, the Tocuyo, bathes a large area of the state before flowing into the Caribbean on the east coast of the state after travelling 423 km. Another river worth mentioning that flows into the Caribbean is Rio Aroa, with a length of 130 km. From the basin of the Gulf of Venezuela, the main ones are the Matícora (201 km) and the Mitare with 120 km.

  • Main rivers: Tocuyo, Aroa, Güigüe, Hueque, Matícora, Mitare, Pedregal, Remedios, Ricoa, San Luis.
  • Lakes: under the San Luis mountain range in the Cueva del Toro, there is an underground lake, the largest known in Venezuela, called "Río Acarite".

Flora and fauna edit

The marine flora is very rich. There is a great diversity of algae on the rocky shores and on the reef bottoms. The fishing potential of its waters is enormous and among the species that are extracted are shrimp, octopus, squid, mackerel, corocoro, mullet, horse mackerel, lebranche and dogfish.

Other species require protection such as sea turtles and the critically endangered Orinoco crocodile. The latter inhabits the coastal mangroves of Morrocoy, Cuare and the isthmus, along with the sea shearwater, herons, corocoras, gannets and the flamingo. Among the invertebrates, the Hueque scorpion (Tityus falconensis) stands out, discovered in the caves of the Juan Crisóstomo Falcón National Park and which is distributed in a great part of the Falconian territory; the giant scolopendra, which is the largest centipede in the world, and the blue tarantula of Paraguaná (Chromatopelma cyaneopubescens) are also native.

In the cardonales and spines that occupy the lower areas, plants heavily armed with thorns predominate. The cují yaque (Falcón's emblematic tree), broom, yabo, espinito, tunas and cardones are common. Aloe vera and sisal crops are scattered throughout the region. In this environment, bats, savannah rabbits, common foxes, wild mice, iguanas and lizards stand out; and among the birds are the cardinal coriano and the paraulata llanera or chuchube (Mimus gilvus). It is also the endemic site of the Hueque scorpion (Tityus falconensis), a species of native scorpion whose distribution is excluded from the state of Falcon.

 
Scarlet ibis in the Cuare Wildlife Refuge, Falcón State, Venezuela.

On the upper slopes of the mountains, cloud forests dominate where an enormous variety of ferns and palms grow. In the limestone formations of the Sierra you can find the guácharo, as well as interesting birds such as the blacksmith's bellbird and the emerald-billed toucan, and reptiles such as the nibbling turtle, a species endemic to the mountains of the Sistema Coriano.

Geology edit

Early Cretaceous rocks cover the pre-existing sedimentary units in the south, in what is one of the thickest sections in South America. The rounded hills of the Cocodite table are supported by an ancient igneous-metromorphic complex and a poorly-metamorphosed Jurassic succession.

To the east of Vela de Coro and Cumarebo, the foothills are supported by outcrops of the young Tertiary, also present to the north of Urumaco, where the stones are rough and darkened by iron oxide; while the plains concentrated in the lower part of the rivers are alluvial.

The arid plain presents quaternary earthquakes, with elevations sustained by rocks from the upper tertiary.

Politics and government edit

As a federal state, it is autonomous and equal in political terms to the other members of the Federation. It organizes its administration and public powers through the Federal Constitution of Falcón State of 2004, issued by the Legislative Council.

Executive power edit

It is composed of the Governor of the State of Falcón and a group of State Secretaries of his confidence appointed and removed by the regional government. The Governor is elected by the people through a direct and secret vote for a period of four years and with the possibility of immediate reelection for equal periods, being in charge of the state administration before the Legislative Council.

The first elected governor of Falcon was Aldo Cermeño of the Social Christian Party (Copei), who governed between 1989 and 1992. The current state governor is Victor Clark, of the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV) party, elected for the 2017-2021 period.

Like the other 23 federal entities of Venezuela, the State maintains its own police force, which is supported and complemented by the National Police and the Venezuelan National Guard.

Legislative power edit

The state legislature is the responsibility of the Falcón State Legislative Council. It is a unicameral and autonomous body, elected by the people through direct and secret vote every four years, and maybe re-elected for two consecutive periods, under a system of proportional representation of the population of the state and its municipalities. It has 11 legislators, of whom 3 are list and 8 are nominal.[clarification needed]

Municipalities and municipal seats edit

Falcon State is subdivided into 25 municipalities (municipios), listed below with their administrative capitals, areas and populations.[7]

 
Cueva de la Quebrada del Toro National Park, Unión Municipality, Falcón
 
Mangroves in Morrocoy National Park
 
Puerto Escondido, Falcón State
 
Municipalities of Falcón
Municipality Administrative
Capital
Area (km2) Population
Census 2011
Estimate
30 June 2016
 Acosta San Juan de los Cayos 757 19,045 21,272
Bolívar San Luis 295 8,539 9,420
 Buchivacoa Capatárida 2,657 22,897 25,470
 Cacique Manaure Yaracal 190 10,874 12,149
 Carirubana Punto Fijo 684 239,444 276,251
 Colina La Vela de Coro 582 41,510 46,631
 Dabajuro Dabajuro 1,144 23,388 26,364
 Democracia Pedregal 2,602 9,944 11,293
Falcón Pueblo Nuevo 1,577 46,215 55,196
 Federación Churuguara 1,084 29,251 33,138
 Jacura Jacura 1,842 11,232 12,492
 Los Taques Santa Cruz de Los Taques 231 41,579 45,681
 Mauroa Mene de Mauroa 1,904 24,920 27,488
 Miranda Santa Ana de Coro 1,805 211,537 239,961
 Monseñor Iturriza Chichiriviche 907 19,300 21,927
 Palmasola Palmasola 194 7,077 8,306
 Petit Cabure 1,025 13,725 15,316
 Píritu Píritu 1,168 10,628 11,685
San Francisco Mirimire 346 11,030 12,219
 Silva Tucacas 537 32,193 41,826
 Sucre La Cruz de Taratara 840 5,781 6,379
Tocópero Tocópero 83 5,519 6,010
 Unión Santa Cruz de Bucaral 975 15,660 17,441
 Urumaco Urumaco 752 8,349 9,044
Zamora Puerto Cumarebo 619 33,210 37,868
Estado Falcón Coro 24,800 902,847 1,030,827

The Paraguaná Peninsula comprises the municipalities of Carirubana, Los Taques [es] and Falcón.

Demographics edit

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1873 99,920—    
1881 113,877+1.65%
1891 139,110+2.02%
1920 128,255−0.28%
1926 178,642+5.68%
1936 215,140+1.88%
1941 232,644+1.58%
1950 258,759+1.19%
1961 340,450+2.53%
1971 407,957+1.83%
1981 503,896+2.13%
1990 599,185+1.94%
2001 763,188+2.22%
2011 902,847+1.69%
Source: "XIV CENSO NACIONAL DE POBLACIÓN Y VIVIENDA - Resultados por Entidad Federal y Municipio del Estado Falcón" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística.

The population of Falcon State in 2011 was 902,847 inhabitants, while in 2001 there were 763,188 inhabitants. Its population density has risen from 30.8 inhabitants/km2 in 2001 to 36.4 inhabitants/km2 in 2011. Due to the constant growth of urban areas, a decrease in rural life is observed, with the urban population reaching 67.3% of the total state population in 1990. In 2011 it is estimated that the urban population will be around 600,000 inhabitants,[when?] distributed in several cities headed by the conurbation of 228,931 inhabitants formed by the city of Santa Ana de Coro (192,558 inhabitants) and its port La Vela de Coro (36,373 inhabitants); and by the metropolitan area of Punto Fijo, which includes the former fishing villages of Las Piedras, Carirubana and Punta Cardón, with a population of over 300,000 inhabitants.

 
Puerto Cumarebo, Falcón State

Other medium-sized cities structure their respective areas of influence, highlighting Puerto Cumarebo (22 047 inhabitants), Dabajuro (15 269 inhabitants), Tucacas (12 970 inhabitants), Churuguara (10 800 inhabitants) and Mene de Mauroa (10 302 inhabitants). Moreover, according to the last population census conducted by the National Institute of Statistics in 2011, 55.7% of the population is ethnically recognized as mestizo; 38.9% as Caucasian, concentrated mainly in the city of Punto Fijo; and 4.1% identified themselves as black.

Race and ethnicity edit

According to the 2011 Census, the estimated racial composition of the population was:[8]

Racial composition Est. Pop. %
Mestizo 513,000 55.7
White 358,000 38.9
Black 44,000 4.8
Other race 6,000 0.6

Main population centers edit

 
Chichiriviche is one of the best-known locations in Falcon
  • Coro, the state capital, is the axis around which the political, cultural and social life of the region revolves. Founded on July 26, 1527. The first historical and religious capital of Venezuela. Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site on December 9, 1993.
  • La Vela de Coro, the place where the national flag was first raised. Fishing, commercial and artisanal community. Along with Coro, World Heritage Site.
  • Mitare, a town in the west of the state, is a few kilometres from Coro. Its economy is based on the production of goats and shrimp fishing.
  • Puerto Cumarebo, capital of the municipality of Zamora Called La Perla de Falcon, is a fishing, commercial, tourist, agricultural and artisanal zone.
  • Punto Fijo, capital of the municipality Carirubana, located in the peninsula of Paraguaná. Commercial city, under the regime of Free Zone of Tourist Promotion and Investment since 1998, is the main economic, industrial, population and productive axis of Falcon.
  • Punta Cardón, located in the peninsula of Paraguaná. It has the "Gustavo Riera" Zoo, the only zoo in the state.
  • Santa Cruz de Los Taques, discovered in 1502 by Alonso de Ojeda, in this town is the bay of Amuay, a place of great scenic beauty.
  • Pueblo Nuevo, for many years was the largest population of the Paraguana Peninsula. Founded between 1730 and 1770, its economy is based on artisan activity, especially represented by excellent ceramists.
  • Adícora, primary holiday resort in the Paraguaná peninsula, located 60 km north of Coro.
  • Tocuyo de la Costa, a town located on the banks of the Tocuyo River in the municipality of Monseñor Iturriza.
  • Tocópero, a town whose economy derives from livestock and crafts, also has a cement industry that covers the entire state.
  • Tucacas, gateway to the state of Falcón on its eastern side. It is mainly a tourist and commercial town.
  • Chichiriviche, the main tourist center of the Venezuelan northwest. Located on the eastern coast of the state, it gives access to Morrocoy National Park.
  • Churuguara, capital of the municipality of Federación. The most important town in the Falcón mountain range, is mainly a tourist and agricultural town.
  • Dabajuro, has the largest commercial movement of the western Falcon. It is a collection center for the trade of agricultural and livestock products.
  • Mene de Mauroa, located 188 km west of Coro. Capital of the municipality of Mauroa, its economy is based on agricultural production.
  • Mirimire, the population of the east of the state. Its economy is based on the production of cattle, tobacco, corn and sugar cane.
  • Pedregal, capital of the municipality of Democracia. Cattle and artisan population of the Falconian west.
  • San Juan de Los Cayos, located 169 km southeast of Coro. Potential producer of fish, bananas, avocado, coconut and cattle.
  • Santa Cruz de Bucaral, capital of the Union municipality. It is one of the youngest towns in the Falcon Mountain Range.
  • Capatárida, capital of the municipality Buchivacoa, located west of Coro. It has a great historical and cultural tradition, economic activity based on goat breeding and fishing.
 
Adicora, Falcón State
  • San Luis, a town located in the Sierra Falcon. It was initially inhabited by Jirajaras Indians.
  • Cabure, the old settlement of Jirajaras Indians. It was founded in 1769.
  • Curimagua, a valley in the Falcon Mountains. Cradle of the pre-independence movement led by the Zambo José Leonardo Chirino.
  • Borojó, a population of indigenous origin in the municipality of Buchivacoa located west of Falcon.

Economy edit

Economic resources edit

Its economic resources include;

  • Livestock: poultry, cattle, goats and pigs.
  • Fishing: Tuna, catfish, mackerel, corocoro and mullet (marine). Shrimp, crab and lobster, pepitonas and quigua (in) (mollusks).
  • Agricultural products: Sugar cane, coconut, corn, melon, yam, ocumo and sorghum.
  • Forest resources: Candlestick, cedar, cují, guamo, jabillo and vera.
  • Mineral resources: Sand, limestone, coal, chromite, gravel, oil and phosphate rocks.

Agriculture and cattle raising edit

The main economic activity in terms of employment is agriculture, with important crops such as coconut, onions, corn, tomatoes, patilla, melon, coffee, aloe and legumes.

The state of Falcón is the largest producer of coconut and copra, goats and goat products. It is the second largest in the production of fish, paprika and vegetables such as onions, and third in bovine milk and melon production. It also has great advantages for the production of dry floor vegetables such as melon, onions, sideburns and tomatoes. Coconuts alone represent approximately 20,000 hectares in cultivation, and there is availability to expand surface area on the eastern coast of Falcón State. Falcón State is one of the main producers of aloe vera in Venezuela, and the coffee, region has 3500 hectares in cultivation, but with a provision of 12 700 hectares, distributed in the Sierra de Coro in the south of the federal entity.

In the mountains coffee is cultivated, having prestige the productions in the Sierra de San Luis and Sierra de Churuguara.

On the Eastern Coast, there are important plantations of coconut trees, which have developed an important industry of oil extraction and use of copra. As for livestock, there is an abundance of goats, cattle and, to a lesser extent, pigs.

Economic activities edit

Falcon is the Venezuelan state with the most kilometres of coast, therefore the fishing activity has special dimensions. The annual production is 30,471 tons of fish and seafood, landed in the ports of Las Piedras, Carirubana [es], Puerto Cumarebo, Zazárida, Chichiriviche, and La Vela de Coro, highlighting the industrialization of crustaceans with the presence on the coast of the state of shrimp farms, as in Boca de Ricoa and at various points of the Paraguaná peninsula.

 
Villa Caribe Hotel, Paraguana, Falcon State

In Falcón, there are some working oil fields in Mene de Mauroa [es], Media, Hombre Pintado and Tiguaje and natural gas fields in Puerto Cumarebo and other nearby areas. However, most oil industry activity is in the Paraguaná Refining Center, one of the largest in the world, made up of the Amuay Refining Complex and the Cardón Refinery, both with a capacity of 940,000 barrels of oil per day, which represents 75% of Venezuela's total refining capacity. These refineries are fed with crude oil and gas through products coming from the Maracaibo Lake basin. Likewise, a tourist investment free zone has been consolidated in the Paraguaná peninsula.

Falcón also has mineral deposits to generate basic inputs for industries such as ceramics, fertilizers, energy, chemicals, abrasives, metalworking, pharmaceuticals, pottery, and paint, among others. Phosphates are exploited in Riecito and limestone in Chichiriviche, which are processed at the Cumarebo cement plant (Holcim de Venezuela). It also has immense coal deposits in the western zone, with proven reserves for open-pit mining in the order of 20 million metric tons, and reserves estimated at 120 million metric tons, within a radius of action of 50,000 hectares. Other minerals in the area include graphite, silica, limestone, dolomite, phosphate, chromite and marble.

Thanks to the dry and arid climate, there are five natural salt flats and some 220,000 hectares of land suitable for the construction of artificial salt flats spread throughout the Falconian territory. Of all the salt mines, only the Las Cumaraguas salt mine is under industrial exploitation, the rest being exploited by hand.

Also, thanks to its natural landscapes (like the Medanos de Coro and the National Parks Cueva de la Quebrada del Toro, Sierra de San Luis and Morrocoy) tourism is gaining importance in the economy of the State.[citation needed]

Infrastructure edit

The region is mostly coastal lowlands and the northern Andean mountain hills, and is mostly dry with limited agriculture production. Farming mostly occurs in river valleys and mountainous areas, and includes maize, coconut, sesame, coffee and sugar cane.

 
Wind farm in the Paraguaná peninsula, Falcón State

Coro, the state capitol and the Paraguaná Peninsula have had significant amounts of industrialization and growth. Large oil refineries such as the Paraguana Refinery Complex in the city of Punto Fijo are located on the southwestern shore of the Paraguaná Peninsula, and approximately two-thirds of Venezuela's total oil production occurs in this area, much of which is exported via tanker ships that ship internationally through the port of Amuay.

Tourism edit

National parks and monuments edit

 
Cayo Sombrero, Morrocoy National Park
  • Los Médanos de Coro National Park: Desert landscape of singular beauty, located in the heart of the city of Coro. It has an area of 91 280 hectares.
  • Morrocoy National Park: Made up of keys and islets of coral origin, white sand, turquoise sea and dense mangrove forests. It has an area of 32 090 hectares.
  • National Park Cueva de la Quebrada del Toro: Located in the Falconian mountain range, it has an area of 4885 hectares.
  • Juan Crisóstomo Falcón National Park: It has a great variety of natural attractions. It has an extension of 20,000 hectares.
  • Cerro Santa Ana Natural Monument: Located in the center of Paraguaná. It has an area of 1900 hectares and an altitude of 850 meters above sea level. It was declared a Natural Monument on June 14, 1972.

Natural heritage edit

  • Thermal waters of Cardón and Cuiva
  • Guaibacoa Hot Springs
  • Boca de Aroa Beach
  • Adicora Beach
  • Cumarebo Port Beach
  • Tucacas Beaches
  • Beaches in Chichiriviche
  • Beaches of Morrocoy
  • Manaure Well
  • Tacarigua-Jatira Dam
  • Hueque Falls
  • Cuare Wildlife Refuge
  • The Indian's Cave (Cueva del Indio)
  • Haiton del Guarataro

Built heritage edit

 
San Francisco Church, Coro, Falcon State
  • Athenaeum of Coro
  • Cathedral Basilica Menor de Santa Ana
  • Balcón de los Arcaya (Museum of Popular Pottery)
  • Balcón Bolívar (Museum of Contemporary Art)
  • House of 100 windows (Casa de las 100 ventanas)
  • Casa de las Ventanas de Hierro
  • Los Torres House
  • House of the Sun (Casa del Sol)
  • Treasury House (Casa del Tesoro)
  • Alberto Henriquez House Museum (Choir Synagogue)
  • Jewish cemetery in Coro
  • San Clemente's Cross
  • Church of San Nicolás de Bari
  • San Clemente Church
  • San Francisco Church
  • Lucas Guillermo Castillo Diocesan Museum
  • Elias David Curiel School of Music
  • Hato Aguaque or Casa de Josefa Camejo
  • Taima Taima Archaeological and Paleontological Museum

Culture edit

Handicrafts edit

Falconian craftsmanship is rich in artistic expression. Within the popular handicrafts are the hammocks with unique styles, techniques and values of the state. The craft production is large and varied. The craftsmen of the towns that surround the city of Coro specialize in the manufacture of furniture with the wood of the cardon, the stick of Arch and the curarí. The wood is complemented using vegetable fibres such as sisal or with cow and goat skins. In Paraguaná the clay is worked to build objects for current domestic use, applying the same techniques used by the Caquetíos Indians. On the eastern coast, the attraction is the basketwork made with bulrush, cocuiza and vines and the hammocks made with thread.

Gastronomy edit

The typical Falconian food allows the enjoyment of a variety of flavors represented in its specialities, such as goat talkarí, celce coriano, goat milk cheese, custard, peeled arepa and goat milk candy. At a national level, rice with coconut and rice pudding is one of the most popular sweets, especially during the Easter season.

 
Flag Monument in La Vela de Coro, Falcón State

Folklore edit

Folkloric, traditional and religious expressions offer a seal of originality in the state. In typical celebrations, features of African, indigenous and European cultures are associated. Among these celebrations is the Baile de las Turas, which has its origin in an indigenous dance related to the hunting season and the harvesting of the corn crop. It is celebrated in San Pedro, El Tural and Mapararí in the mountain region, between 23 and 24 September. The drum dances in the cities of Coro, La Vela and Puerto Cumarebo are very joyful and colourful, and the celebration of the Day of the Mad (December 28) in La Vela de Coro, with masked parades in the streets and public squares, reaches a display similar to that of the great carnivals of the world.

Sports edit

  •   Unión Atlético Falcón (Second Division of Venezuela): a professional football club based in the city of Punto Fijo, Falcon State, Venezuela. It was founded in 2006, in the city of Santa Ana de Coro.
  •   Cachorros de Falcón (Bolivarian National Baseball League): It is one of the teams that has remained since the birth of the Bolivarian National Baseball League 15 years ago, which was champion of the Central Western Region on a couple of occasions, in 2012 by the hand of former professional baseball player Yony Naveda, and in 2016, under the helm of Roberto Chirinos, the latter, who is again in charge of the Westerners in 2019.
 
Polideportivo Manaure

Sports facilities edit

  • Pedro Conde Stadium
  • José David Ugarte Stadium
  • Eduardo "Tata" Amaya Stadium
  • Carlos Sanchez Covered Gym
  • Fenelon Diaz Covered Gym
  • Ramon Pena Gilly Gym

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  2. ^ Masters, Jeff (27 January 2016). "Sixteen National/Territorial All-Time Extreme Heat Records Set in 2015". Wunderground. from the original on 4 February 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2017.
  3. ^ (PDF). INAMEH (in Spanish). Archived from the original (pdf) on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  4. ^ (PDF). INAMEH (in Spanish). Archived from the original (pdf) on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  5. ^ (PDF). INAMEH (in Spanish). Archived from the original (pdf) on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  6. ^ "Coro Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
  7. ^ Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, Caracas.
  8. ^ "Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" (PDF). Ine.gov.ve. p. 29. Retrieved 8 September 2015.

External links edit

10°03′N 60°48′W / 10.05°N 60.8°W / 10.05; -60.8

falcón, other, uses, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, schola. For other uses see Falcon disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Falcon news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Falcon State Spanish Estado Falcon IPA esˈtado falˈkon is one of the 23 states of Venezuela The state capital is Coro FalconState of VenezuelaFlagCoat of armsMotto s Dios y Federacion English God and Federation Location within VenezuelaCountryVenezuelaCreated1864 c CapitalCoroGovernment BodyLegislative Council GovernorVictor Clark Assembly delegation6Area Total24 800 km2 9 600 sq mi Rank10th 2 71 of VenezuelaPopulation 2011 census Total902 847 Rank11th 3 45 of VenezuelaTime zoneUTC 4 VET ISO 3166 codeVE IEmblematic treeCuji yaque Prosopis juliflora HDI 2019 0 701 1 high 11th of 24Websitewww wbr falcon wbr gob wbr ve c As Coro State in 1874 it was renamed as Falcon State The state was named after Juan Crisostomo Falcon Contents 1 History 1 1 Early history 1 2 Falcon State 2 Geography 2 1 Climate 2 2 Soils 2 3 Relief 2 4 Hydrography 2 5 Flora and fauna 2 6 Geology 3 Politics and government 3 1 Executive power 3 2 Legislative power 4 Municipalities and municipal seats 5 Demographics 5 1 Race and ethnicity 5 2 Main population centers 6 Economy 6 1 Economic resources 6 2 Agriculture and cattle raising 6 3 Economic activities 7 Infrastructure 8 Tourism 8 1 National parks and monuments 8 2 Natural heritage 8 3 Built heritage 9 Culture 9 1 Handicrafts 9 2 Gastronomy 9 3 Folklore 10 Sports 10 1 Sports facilities 11 See also 12 References 13 External linksHistory editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Early history edit Present day Falcon State was first explored in 1499 by Juan de la Cosa and Americo Vespucio as part of an expedition supervised by Alonso de Ojeda In 1527 the city of Coro was founded by Juan Ampies who named it Santa Ana de Coro In 1811 when Venezuela declared its independence from Spain Coro remained faithful to the Spanish Crown and was merged with the Province of Maracaibo In 1815 King Fernando VII created the Province of Coro In 1821 the province was liberated from Spain by Josefa Camejo during the Venezuelan War of Independence The area then became a province of the department of Zulia of the Republic of Gran Colombia In 1830 with the separation of Venezuela from Gran Colombia the Falcon area became a separate province of that nation nbsp Historic center of Santa Ana de Coro Falcon State VenezuelaBy 1856 the province contained the cantons of Coro San Luis Casigua Costa Arriba Cumarebo and the Paraguana Peninsula In 1859 after the Federal War began on February 20 in Coro the area was declared the Independent State of Coro In 1864 it became a federal state part of the United States of Venezuela Falcon State edit In 1872 the province was renamed Falcon State in honor of the Federal War leader Juan Crisostomo Falcon In 1879 along with Lara and Yaracuy minus the Department of Nirgua it became part of the Western Northern State Between 1881 and 1890 is formed with Zulia the state of Falcon Zulia In 1891 Falcon was reestablished as a separate state In 1899 its name changed and for a short period of time it retook its historical denomination of Estado Coro returning in 1901 to tFalcon In 1899 the territory comprising the towns of Tucacas and Chichiriviche was annexed by Falcon Lara State received the municipality of Urdaneta Coro the capital founded with the name of Santa Ana de Coro was declared National Monument in 1950 and UNESCO has named it Cultural Patrimony of the Humanity in 1993 Geography editFalcon State is located in the north of the Corian System To the south Falcon contains medium altitude mountain ranges configured from east to west which in the eastern part of the state reach the Caribbean Sea forming maritime valleys West from the city of Coro a coastal plain runs parallel to the Gulf of Venezuela To the north lies one of the most characteristic geographic features of the Venezuelan coast the Paraguana Peninsula linked to the mainland by the isthmus of Medanos de Coro National Park nbsp Medanos de Coro National ParkClimate edit A hot arid climate BWh according to the Koppen climate classification of very low rainfall dominates the western coast and the Paraguana Peninsula Coro receives 380 millimetres 15 in of rain per year which frequently fails in dry years with an average temperature of 28 4 C 83 1 F while in Punto Fijo there is just 180 millimetres 7 in of annual rainfall with average temperatures of 27 6 C 81 7 F The extremely dry desert conditions with rainfall of less than 300 millimetres or 12 inches are recognized on the western coasts of Coro and above all on the isthmus of Los Medanos de Coro with average annual temperatures of between 28 and 29 C 82 4 and 84 2 F In the eastern coastal sectors rainfall increases from 800 to 1 200 millimetres 31 to 47 in per year always with high temperatures Somewhat more favourable with temperatures between 25 and 27 C 77 0 and 80 6 F are the climatic conditions of the mountainous foothills recognizing a sub humid climate in the higher altitudes of the Sierras de San Luis and Churuguara with an annual rainfall of 1 300 millimetres or 51 inches and average temperatures of 22 C or 71 6 F On 29 April 2015 Coro recorded a temperature of 43 6 C 110 5 F which is the highest temperature to have ever been recorded in Venezuela 2 Climate data for CoroMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearRecord high C F 37 8 100 0 35 9 96 6 37 5 99 5 43 6 110 5 39 1 102 4 38 2 100 8 38 5 101 3 39 5 103 1 38 5 101 3 38 1 100 6 36 8 98 2 36 8 98 2 43 6 110 5 Average high C F 31 3 88 3 31 7 89 1 32 2 90 0 32 6 90 7 33 5 92 3 33 8 92 8 33 5 92 3 34 2 93 6 34 4 93 9 33 5 92 3 32 4 90 3 31 4 88 5 32 9 91 2 Daily mean C F 27 5 81 5 27 8 82 0 28 3 82 9 28 8 83 8 29 6 85 3 29 8 85 6 29 5 85 1 30 0 86 0 30 1 86 2 29 4 84 9 28 6 83 5 27 7 81 9 28 9 84 0 Average low C F 23 6 74 5 23 8 74 8 24 3 75 7 24 9 76 8 25 6 78 1 25 7 78 3 25 5 77 9 25 7 78 3 25 8 78 4 25 3 77 5 24 8 76 6 23 9 75 0 24 9 76 8 Record low C F 19 5 67 1 19 0 66 2 20 5 68 9 21 1 70 0 20 4 68 7 21 8 71 2 20 5 68 9 21 6 70 9 20 5 68 9 20 7 69 3 20 8 69 4 18 9 66 0 18 9 66 0 Average rainfall mm inches 22 0 0 87 16 1 0 63 9 1 0 36 17 0 0 67 28 8 1 13 26 9 1 06 36 7 1 44 29 2 1 15 36 3 1 43 54 2 2 13 52 1 2 05 54 1 2 13 382 5 15 06 Average rainy days 1 0 mm 2 5 1 6 1 2 1 5 2 6 3 2 4 3 3 5 3 7 5 4 5 8 4 8 40 1Average relative humidity 69 0 68 5 67 0 69 0 68 5 68 0 67 5 67 0 67 0 70 5 72 0 71 0 68 8Mean monthly sunshine hours 291 4 268 8 288 3 234 0 248 0 255 0 285 2 288 3 261 0 251 1 252 0 266 6 3 189 7Source 1 Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia e Hidrologia INAMEH 3 4 5 Source 2 NOAA extremes rainy days and sun 6 Soils edit On the coastline the soils are calcareous and between the Lara and Falcon mountains they are clay They vary in quality but in general the availability of land for traditional agriculture can be classified as low with 89 of very low potential 3 of low potential and 6 of moderate potential Only 2 of it is located in the southeast valleys and alluvial areas basins with very high potential The limitations of the arid and semi arid soils come from salinity dryness caused by low rainfall low concentration of organic matter and the influence of climatic agents such as wind Relief edit The Corian System of Falcon State presents a diversity of landscapes ranging from coastal plains on its Caribbean side to mountain ranges formed by valleys and hills in an area of transition between the two major mountain systems of the country The Sierra de San Luis have the highest altitude of the entire system but are of very modest height the highest does not exceed 1600 meters Cerro Galicia es Cerro Santa Ana is another natural landmark located in the center of the Paraguana peninsula Unlike the rest of the peninsula the characteristics of Santa Ana Hill are the contrast between its greenness and the xerophytic vegetation of the Paraguana area It has three peaks the Santa Ana the highest that ascends to about 830 meters above sea level the Buena Vista and Moruy Hydrography edit nbsp Isiro Reservoir Falcon StateThe state s hydrography is very poor All the rivers flow north either into the Caribbean Sea or the Gulf of Venezuela However the main Venezuelan river of the Caribbean basin the Tocuyo bathes a large area of the state before flowing into the Caribbean on the east coast of the state after travelling 423 km Another river worth mentioning that flows into the Caribbean is Rio Aroa with a length of 130 km From the basin of the Gulf of Venezuela the main ones are the Maticora 201 km and the Mitare with 120 km Main rivers Tocuyo Aroa Guigue Hueque Maticora Mitare Pedregal Remedios Ricoa San Luis Lakes under the San Luis mountain range in the Cueva del Toro there is an underground lake the largest known in Venezuela called Rio Acarite Flora and fauna edit The marine flora is very rich There is a great diversity of algae on the rocky shores and on the reef bottoms The fishing potential of its waters is enormous and among the species that are extracted are shrimp octopus squid mackerel corocoro mullet horse mackerel lebranche and dogfish Other species require protection such as sea turtles and the critically endangered Orinoco crocodile The latter inhabits the coastal mangroves of Morrocoy Cuare and the isthmus along with the sea shearwater herons corocoras gannets and the flamingo Among the invertebrates the Hueque scorpion Tityus falconensis stands out discovered in the caves of the Juan Crisostomo Falcon National Park and which is distributed in a great part of the Falconian territory the giant scolopendra which is the largest centipede in the world and the blue tarantula of Paraguana Chromatopelma cyaneopubescens are also native In the cardonales and spines that occupy the lower areas plants heavily armed with thorns predominate The cuji yaque Falcon s emblematic tree broom yabo espinito tunas and cardones are common Aloe vera and sisal crops are scattered throughout the region In this environment bats savannah rabbits common foxes wild mice iguanas and lizards stand out and among the birds are the cardinal coriano and the paraulata llanera or chuchube Mimus gilvus It is also the endemic site of the Hueque scorpion Tityus falconensis a species of native scorpion whose distribution is excluded from the state of Falcon nbsp Scarlet ibis in the Cuare Wildlife Refuge Falcon State Venezuela On the upper slopes of the mountains cloud forests dominate where an enormous variety of ferns and palms grow In the limestone formations of the Sierra you can find the guacharo as well as interesting birds such as the blacksmith s bellbird and the emerald billed toucan and reptiles such as the nibbling turtle a species endemic to the mountains of the Sistema Coriano Geology edit Early Cretaceous rocks cover the pre existing sedimentary units in the south in what is one of the thickest sections in South America The rounded hills of the Cocodite table are supported by an ancient igneous metromorphic complex and a poorly metamorphosed Jurassic succession To the east of Vela de Coro and Cumarebo the foothills are supported by outcrops of the young Tertiary also present to the north of Urumaco where the stones are rough and darkened by iron oxide while the plains concentrated in the lower part of the rivers are alluvial The arid plain presents quaternary earthquakes with elevations sustained by rocks from the upper tertiary Politics and government editAs a federal state it is autonomous and equal in political terms to the other members of the Federation It organizes its administration and public powers through the Federal Constitution of Falcon State of 2004 issued by the Legislative Council Executive power edit See also List of governors of Falcon It is composed of the Governor of the State of Falcon and a group of State Secretaries of his confidence appointed and removed by the regional government The Governor is elected by the people through a direct and secret vote for a period of four years and with the possibility of immediate reelection for equal periods being in charge of the state administration before the Legislative Council The first elected governor of Falcon was Aldo Cermeno of the Social Christian Party Copei who governed between 1989 and 1992 The current state governor is Victor Clark of the ruling United Socialist Party of Venezuela PSUV party elected for the 2017 2021 period See also List of Venezuela state legislatures List of Venezuela state constitutions and List of Venezuela governors Like the other 23 federal entities of Venezuela the State maintains its own police force which is supported and complemented by the National Police and the Venezuelan National Guard Legislative power edit The state legislature is the responsibility of the Falcon State Legislative Council It is a unicameral and autonomous body elected by the people through direct and secret vote every four years and maybe re elected for two consecutive periods under a system of proportional representation of the population of the state and its municipalities It has 11 legislators of whom 3 are list and 8 are nominal clarification needed Municipalities and municipal seats editFalcon State is subdivided into 25 municipalities municipios listed below with their administrative capitals areas and populations 7 nbsp Cueva de la Quebrada del Toro National Park Union Municipality Falcon nbsp Mangroves in Morrocoy National Park nbsp Puerto Escondido Falcon State nbsp Municipalities of FalconMunicipality Administrative Capital Area km2 PopulationCensus 2011 Estimate 30 June 2016 nbsp Acosta San Juan de los Cayos 757 19 045 21 272Bolivar San Luis 295 8 539 9 420 nbsp Buchivacoa Capatarida 2 657 22 897 25 470 nbsp Cacique Manaure Yaracal 190 10 874 12 149 nbsp Carirubana Punto Fijo 684 239 444 276 251 nbsp Colina La Vela de Coro 582 41 510 46 631 nbsp Dabajuro Dabajuro 1 144 23 388 26 364 nbsp Democracia Pedregal 2 602 9 944 11 293Falcon Pueblo Nuevo 1 577 46 215 55 196 nbsp Federacion Churuguara 1 084 29 251 33 138 nbsp Jacura Jacura 1 842 11 232 12 492 nbsp Los Taques Santa Cruz de Los Taques 231 41 579 45 681 nbsp Mauroa Mene de Mauroa 1 904 24 920 27 488 nbsp Miranda Santa Ana de Coro 1 805 211 537 239 961 nbsp Monsenor Iturriza Chichiriviche 907 19 300 21 927 nbsp Palmasola Palmasola 194 7 077 8 306 nbsp Petit Cabure 1 025 13 725 15 316 nbsp Piritu Piritu 1 168 10 628 11 685San Francisco Mirimire 346 11 030 12 219 nbsp Silva Tucacas 537 32 193 41 826 nbsp Sucre La Cruz de Taratara 840 5 781 6 379Tocopero Tocopero 83 5 519 6 010 nbsp Union Santa Cruz de Bucaral 975 15 660 17 441 nbsp Urumaco Urumaco 752 8 349 9 044Zamora Puerto Cumarebo 619 33 210 37 868Estado Falcon Coro 24 800 902 847 1 030 827The Paraguana Peninsula comprises the municipalities of Carirubana Los Taques es and Falcon Demographics editHistorical populationYearPop p a 187399 920 1881113 877 1 65 1891139 110 2 02 1920128 255 0 28 1926178 642 5 68 1936215 140 1 88 1941232 644 1 58 1950258 759 1 19 1961340 450 2 53 1971407 957 1 83 1981503 896 2 13 1990599 185 1 94 2001763 188 2 22 2011902 847 1 69 Source XIV CENSO NACIONAL DE POBLACIoN Y VIVIENDA Resultados por Entidad Federal y Municipio del Estado Falcon PDF Instituto Nacional de Estadistica The population of Falcon State in 2011 was 902 847 inhabitants while in 2001 there were 763 188 inhabitants Its population density has risen from 30 8 inhabitants km2 in 2001 to 36 4 inhabitants km2 in 2011 Due to the constant growth of urban areas a decrease in rural life is observed with the urban population reaching 67 3 of the total state population in 1990 In 2011 it is estimated that the urban population will be around 600 000 inhabitants when distributed in several cities headed by the conurbation of 228 931 inhabitants formed by the city of Santa Ana de Coro 192 558 inhabitants and its port La Vela de Coro 36 373 inhabitants and by the metropolitan area of Punto Fijo which includes the former fishing villages of Las Piedras Carirubana and Punta Cardon with a population of over 300 000 inhabitants nbsp Puerto Cumarebo Falcon StateOther medium sized cities structure their respective areas of influence highlighting Puerto Cumarebo 22 047 inhabitants Dabajuro 15 269 inhabitants Tucacas 12 970 inhabitants Churuguara 10 800 inhabitants and Mene de Mauroa 10 302 inhabitants Moreover according to the last population census conducted by the National Institute of Statistics in 2011 55 7 of the population is ethnically recognized as mestizo 38 9 as Caucasian concentrated mainly in the city of Punto Fijo and 4 1 identified themselves as black Race and ethnicity edit According to the 2011 Census the estimated racial composition of the population was 8 Racial composition Est Pop Mestizo 513 000 55 7White 358 000 38 9Black 44 000 4 8Other race 6 000 0 6Main population centers edit nbsp Chichiriviche is one of the best known locations in FalconCoro the state capital is the axis around which the political cultural and social life of the region revolves Founded on July 26 1527 The first historical and religious capital of Venezuela Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site on December 9 1993 La Vela de Coro the place where the national flag was first raised Fishing commercial and artisanal community Along with Coro World Heritage Site Mitare a town in the west of the state is a few kilometres from Coro Its economy is based on the production of goats and shrimp fishing Puerto Cumarebo capital of the municipality of Zamora Called La Perla de Falcon is a fishing commercial tourist agricultural and artisanal zone Punto Fijo capital of the municipality Carirubana located in the peninsula of Paraguana Commercial city under the regime of Free Zone of Tourist Promotion and Investment since 1998 is the main economic industrial population and productive axis of Falcon Punta Cardon located in the peninsula of Paraguana It has the Gustavo Riera Zoo the only zoo in the state Santa Cruz de Los Taques discovered in 1502 by Alonso de Ojeda in this town is the bay of Amuay a place of great scenic beauty Pueblo Nuevo for many years was the largest population of the Paraguana Peninsula Founded between 1730 and 1770 its economy is based on artisan activity especially represented by excellent ceramists Adicora primary holiday resort in the Paraguana peninsula located 60 km north of Coro Tocuyo de la Costa a town located on the banks of the Tocuyo River in the municipality of Monsenor Iturriza Tocopero a town whose economy derives from livestock and crafts also has a cement industry that covers the entire state Tucacas gateway to the state of Falcon on its eastern side It is mainly a tourist and commercial town Chichiriviche the main tourist center of the Venezuelan northwest Located on the eastern coast of the state it gives access to Morrocoy National Park Churuguara capital of the municipality of Federacion The most important town in the Falcon mountain range is mainly a tourist and agricultural town Dabajuro has the largest commercial movement of the western Falcon It is a collection center for the trade of agricultural and livestock products Mene de Mauroa located 188 km west of Coro Capital of the municipality of Mauroa its economy is based on agricultural production Mirimire the population of the east of the state Its economy is based on the production of cattle tobacco corn and sugar cane Pedregal capital of the municipality of Democracia Cattle and artisan population of the Falconian west San Juan de Los Cayos located 169 km southeast of Coro Potential producer of fish bananas avocado coconut and cattle Santa Cruz de Bucaral capital of the Union municipality It is one of the youngest towns in the Falcon Mountain Range Capatarida capital of the municipality Buchivacoa located west of Coro It has a great historical and cultural tradition economic activity based on goat breeding and fishing nbsp Adicora Falcon StateSan Luis a town located in the Sierra Falcon It was initially inhabited by Jirajaras Indians Cabure the old settlement of Jirajaras Indians It was founded in 1769 Curimagua a valley in the Falcon Mountains Cradle of the pre independence movement led by the Zambo Jose Leonardo Chirino Borojo a population of indigenous origin in the municipality of Buchivacoa located west of Falcon Economy editEconomic resources edit Its economic resources include Livestock poultry cattle goats and pigs Fishing Tuna catfish mackerel corocoro and mullet marine Shrimp crab and lobster pepitonas and quigua in mollusks Agricultural products Sugar cane coconut corn melon yam ocumo and sorghum Forest resources Candlestick cedar cuji guamo jabillo and vera Mineral resources Sand limestone coal chromite gravel oil and phosphate rocks Agriculture and cattle raising edit The main economic activity in terms of employment is agriculture with important crops such as coconut onions corn tomatoes patilla melon coffee aloe and legumes The state of Falcon is the largest producer of coconut and copra goats and goat products It is the second largest in the production of fish paprika and vegetables such as onions and third in bovine milk and melon production It also has great advantages for the production of dry floor vegetables such as melon onions sideburns and tomatoes Coconuts alone represent approximately 20 000 hectares in cultivation and there is availability to expand surface area on the eastern coast of Falcon State Falcon State is one of the main producers of aloe vera in Venezuela and the coffee region has 3500 hectares in cultivation but with a provision of 12 700 hectares distributed in the Sierra de Coro in the south of the federal entity In the mountains coffee is cultivated having prestige the productions in the Sierra de San Luis and Sierra de Churuguara On the Eastern Coast there are important plantations of coconut trees which have developed an important industry of oil extraction and use of copra As for livestock there is an abundance of goats cattle and to a lesser extent pigs Economic activities edit Falcon is the Venezuelan state with the most kilometres of coast therefore the fishing activity has special dimensions The annual production is 30 471 tons of fish and seafood landed in the ports of Las Piedras Carirubana es Puerto Cumarebo Zazarida Chichiriviche and La Vela de Coro highlighting the industrialization of crustaceans with the presence on the coast of the state of shrimp farms as in Boca de Ricoa and at various points of the Paraguana peninsula nbsp Villa Caribe Hotel Paraguana Falcon StateIn Falcon there are some working oil fields in Mene de Mauroa es Media Hombre Pintado and Tiguaje and natural gas fields in Puerto Cumarebo and other nearby areas However most oil industry activity is in the Paraguana Refining Center one of the largest in the world made up of the Amuay Refining Complex and the Cardon Refinery both with a capacity of 940 000 barrels of oil per day which represents 75 of Venezuela s total refining capacity These refineries are fed with crude oil and gas through products coming from the Maracaibo Lake basin Likewise a tourist investment free zone has been consolidated in the Paraguana peninsula Falcon also has mineral deposits to generate basic inputs for industries such as ceramics fertilizers energy chemicals abrasives metalworking pharmaceuticals pottery and paint among others Phosphates are exploited in Riecito and limestone in Chichiriviche which are processed at the Cumarebo cement plant Holcim de Venezuela It also has immense coal deposits in the western zone with proven reserves for open pit mining in the order of 20 million metric tons and reserves estimated at 120 million metric tons within a radius of action of 50 000 hectares Other minerals in the area include graphite silica limestone dolomite phosphate chromite and marble Thanks to the dry and arid climate there are five natural salt flats and some 220 000 hectares of land suitable for the construction of artificial salt flats spread throughout the Falconian territory Of all the salt mines only the Las Cumaraguas salt mine is under industrial exploitation the rest being exploited by hand Also thanks to its natural landscapes like the Medanos de Coro and the National Parks Cueva de la Quebrada del Toro Sierra de San Luis and Morrocoy tourism is gaining importance in the economy of the State citation needed Infrastructure editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The region is mostly coastal lowlands and the northern Andean mountain hills and is mostly dry with limited agriculture production Farming mostly occurs in river valleys and mountainous areas and includes maize coconut sesame coffee and sugar cane nbsp Wind farm in the Paraguana peninsula Falcon StateCoro the state capitol and the Paraguana Peninsula have had significant amounts of industrialization and growth Large oil refineries such as the Paraguana Refinery Complex in the city of Punto Fijo are located on the southwestern shore of the Paraguana Peninsula and approximately two thirds of Venezuela s total oil production occurs in this area much of which is exported via tanker ships that ship internationally through the port of Amuay Tourism editNational parks and monuments edit nbsp Cayo Sombrero Morrocoy National ParkLos Medanos de Coro National Park Desert landscape of singular beauty located in the heart of the city of Coro It has an area of 91 280 hectares Morrocoy National Park Made up of keys and islets of coral origin white sand turquoise sea and dense mangrove forests It has an area of 32 090 hectares National Park Cueva de la Quebrada del Toro Located in the Falconian mountain range it has an area of 4885 hectares Juan Crisostomo Falcon National Park It has a great variety of natural attractions It has an extension of 20 000 hectares Cerro Santa Ana Natural Monument Located in the center of Paraguana It has an area of 1900 hectares and an altitude of 850 meters above sea level It was declared a Natural Monument on June 14 1972 Natural heritage edit Thermal waters of Cardon and Cuiva Guaibacoa Hot Springs Boca de Aroa Beach Adicora Beach Cumarebo Port Beach Tucacas Beaches Beaches in Chichiriviche Beaches of Morrocoy Manaure Well Tacarigua Jatira Dam Hueque Falls Cuare Wildlife Refuge The Indian s Cave Cueva del Indio Haiton del GuarataroBuilt heritage edit nbsp San Francisco Church Coro Falcon StateAthenaeum of Coro Cathedral Basilica Menor de Santa Ana Balcon de los Arcaya Museum of Popular Pottery Balcon Bolivar Museum of Contemporary Art House of 100 windows Casa de las 100 ventanas Casa de las Ventanas de Hierro Los Torres House House of the Sun Casa del Sol Treasury House Casa del Tesoro Alberto Henriquez House Museum Choir Synagogue Jewish cemetery in Coro San Clemente s Cross Church of San Nicolas de Bari San Clemente Church San Francisco Church Lucas Guillermo Castillo Diocesan Museum Elias David Curiel School of Music Hato Aguaque or Casa de Josefa Camejo Taima Taima Archaeological and Paleontological MuseumCulture editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Handicrafts edit Falconian craftsmanship is rich in artistic expression Within the popular handicrafts are the hammocks with unique styles techniques and values of the state The craft production is large and varied The craftsmen of the towns that surround the city of Coro specialize in the manufacture of furniture with the wood of the cardon the stick of Arch and the curari The wood is complemented using vegetable fibres such as sisal or with cow and goat skins In Paraguana the clay is worked to build objects for current domestic use applying the same techniques used by the Caquetios Indians On the eastern coast the attraction is the basketwork made with bulrush cocuiza and vines and the hammocks made with thread Gastronomy edit The typical Falconian food allows the enjoyment of a variety of flavors represented in its specialities such as goat talkari celce coriano goat milk cheese custard peeled arepa and goat milk candy At a national level rice with coconut and rice pudding is one of the most popular sweets especially during the Easter season nbsp Flag Monument in La Vela de Coro Falcon StateFolklore edit Folkloric traditional and religious expressions offer a seal of originality in the state In typical celebrations features of African indigenous and European cultures are associated Among these celebrations is the Baile de las Turas which has its origin in an indigenous dance related to the hunting season and the harvesting of the corn crop It is celebrated in San Pedro El Tural and Maparari in the mountain region between 23 and 24 September The drum dances in the cities of Coro La Vela and Puerto Cumarebo are very joyful and colourful and the celebration of the Day of the Mad December 28 in La Vela de Coro with masked parades in the streets and public squares reaches a display similar to that of the great carnivals of the world Sports editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message nbsp Union Atletico Falcon Second Division of Venezuela a professional football club based in the city of Punto Fijo Falcon State Venezuela It was founded in 2006 in the city of Santa Ana de Coro nbsp Cachorros de Falcon Bolivarian National Baseball League It is one of the teams that has remained since the birth of the Bolivarian National Baseball League 15 years ago which was champion of the Central Western Region on a couple of occasions in 2012 by the hand of former professional baseball player Yony Naveda and in 2016 under the helm of Roberto Chirinos the latter who is again in charge of the Westerners in 2019 nbsp Polideportivo ManaureSports facilities edit Pedro Conde Stadium Jose David Ugarte Stadium Eduardo Tata Amaya Stadium Carlos Sanchez Covered Gym Fenelon Diaz Covered Gym Ramon Pena Gilly GymSee also editStates of Venezuela List of Venezuela state legislaturesReferences edit Sub national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab hdi globaldatalab org Retrieved 2021 07 31 Masters Jeff 27 January 2016 Sixteen National Territorial All Time Extreme Heat Records Set in 2015 Wunderground Archived from the original on 4 February 2018 Retrieved 19 July 2017 Estadisticos Basicos Temperaturas y Humedades Relativas Maximas y Minimas Medias PDF INAMEH in Spanish Archived from the original pdf on 15 June 2013 Retrieved 28 October 2012 Estadisticos Basicos Temperaturas y Humedades Relativas Medias PDF INAMEH in Spanish Archived from the original pdf on 15 June 2013 Retrieved 28 October 2012 Estadisticos Basicos Lluvia PDF INAMEH in Spanish Archived from the original pdf on 26 May 2012 Retrieved 28 October 2012 Coro Climate Normals 1961 1990 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Retrieved 12 August 2015 Instituto Nacional de Estadistica Caracas Resultado Basico del XIV Censo Nacional de Poblacion y Vivienda 2011 Mayo 2014 PDF Ine gov ve p 29 Retrieved 8 September 2015 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Falcon Falcon New International Encyclopedia 1905 10 03 N 60 48 W 10 05 N 60 8 W 10 05 60 8 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Falcon amp oldid 1181363357, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.