Eurovision Song Contest 1973
The Eurovision Song Contest 1973 was the 18th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, following the country's victory at the 1972 contest with the song "Après toi" by Vicky Leandros. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion (CLT), the contest was held at the Grand Théâtre on 7 April 1973 and was hosted by German television presenter Helga Guitton.
| Eurovision Song Contest 1973 | |
|---|---|
| Dates | |
| Final | 7 April 1973 |
| Host | |
| Venue | Grand Théâtre Luxembourg City, Luxembourg |
| Presenter(s) | Helga Guitton |
| Musical director | Pierre Cao |
| Directed by | René Steichen |
| Executive supervisor | Clifford Brown |
| Executive producer | Paul Ulveling |
| Host broadcaster | Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion (CLT) |
| Website | eurovision |
| Participants | |
| Number of entries | 17 |
| Debuting countries | Israel |
| Returning countries | None |
| Non-returning countries | |
| |
| Vote | |
| Voting system | Two-member juries (one aged 16 to 25 and the other 25 to 55) rated songs between one and five points. |
| Nul points | None |
| Winning song | Luxembourg "Tu te reconnaîtras" |
| 1972 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1974 | |
Seventeen countries took part in the contest this year, with Austria and Malta deciding not to participate, and Israel competing for the first time.
In a back-to-back victory, Luxembourg won the contest again with the song "Tu te reconnaîtras" by Anne-Marie David. The voting was a very close one, with Spain with "Eres tú" by Mocedades finishing only 4 points behind and the United Kingdom with "Power to All Our Friends" by Cliff Richard (who had come second in 1968 just behind Spain) another 2 points further back. The winning song scored the highest score ever achieved in Eurovision under any voting format until 1975, recording 129 points out of a possible 160, which represented almost 81% of the possible maximum. This was partly due to a scoring system which guaranteed all countries at least two points from each country.[1]
Location
Luxembourg City is a commune with city status, and the capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. It is located at the confluence of the Alzette and Pétrusse Rivers in southern Luxembourg. The city contains the historic Luxembourg Castle, established by the Franks in the Early Middle Ages, around which a settlement developed.
The Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg, inaugurated in 1964 as the Théâtre Municipal de la Ville de Luxembourg, became the venue for the 1973 contest. It is the city's major venue for drama, opera and ballet.[2][3]
Format
The language rule forcing countries to enter songs sung in any of their national languages was dropped this year, so performers from some countries sang in English.
The orchestra was positioned on stage, behind and to the stage right of the singers, in a stacked gallery on three tiers. Giant clear tubes containing multi-coloured flowers were set on the stage left. No introductions were made for each individual entry, with the commentators providing the details of the songs and singers, speaking over a still photograph of the artists taken during the dress rehearsal shown on screen.
In light of the events that had happened during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, there were fears of a terrorist threat, particularly directed against Israel's first-ever entrant, leading to unusually tight security for the contest. This gave rise to one of the best-known Eurovision anecdotes, frequently recounted by the UK's long-serving commentator Terry Wogan. He recalled that the floor manager strongly advised the audience to remain seated while applauding the performances, otherwise they risked being shot by security forces.[4]
This contest holds the record for the most watched Eurovision Song Contest in the United Kingdom, and is also the 18th most watched television show in the same country, with an estimated 21.54 million tuning in on the night. Cliff Richard represented the UK with the song "Power to All Our Friends". He came 3rd with 123 points. The winner though was Anne-Marie David with "Tu te reconnaîtras". In the UK it was released in English under the title "Wonderful Dream" and released on Epic. It made number 13.
Voting
Each country had two jury members, one aged between 16 and 25 and one aged between 26 and 55. They each awarded 1 to 5 points for each song (other than the song from their own country) immediately after it was performed and the votes were collected and counted as soon as they were cast. The juries watched the show on TV from the Ville du Louvigny TV Studios of CLT and appeared on screen to confirm their scores.
Participating countries
Seventeen nations took part in this year's contest with Malta being drawn to perform in 6th place between Norway and Monaco, but the Maltese broadcaster withdrew before the deadline to select an entry. Austria also decided not to participate either.[5]
Conductors
Each performance had a conductor who directed the orchestra.[6][5] The 1973 contest marked the first time that women conducted the orchestra. Monica Dominique conducted the Swedish entry and Nurit Hirsh conducted the Israeli entry.
- Finland – Ossi Runne
- Belgium – Francis Bay
- Portugal – Jorge Costa Pinto
- Germany – Günther-Eric Thöner
- Norway – Carsten Klouman
- Monaco – Jean-Claude Vannier
- Spain – Juan Carlos Calderón
- Switzerland – Hervé Roy
- Yugoslavia – Esad Arnautalić
- Italy – Enrico Polito
- Luxembourg – Pierre Cao
- Sweden – Monica Dominique
- Netherlands – Harry van Hoof
- Ireland – Colman Pearce
- United Kingdom – David Mackay
- France – Jean Claudric
- Israel – Nurit Hirsh
Returning artists
| Artist | Country | Previous year(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Marion Rung | Finland | 1962 |
| Cliff Richard | United Kingdom | 1968 |
| Massimo Ranieri | Italy | 1971 |
Participants and results
| R/O | Country | Artist | Song | Language[7][8] | Points | Place[9] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Finland | Marion Rung | "Tom Tom Tom" | English | 93 | 6 |
| 2 | Belgium | Nicole and Hugo | "Baby, Baby" | Dutch[a] | 58 | 17 |
| 3 | Portugal | Fernando Tordo | "Tourada" | Portuguese | 80 | 10 |
| 4 | Germany | Gitte | "Junger Tag" | German | 85 | 8 |
| 5 | Norway | Bendik Singers | "It's Just a Game" | English, French[b] | 89 | 7 |
| 6 | Monaco | Marie | "Un train qui part" | French | 85 | 8 |
| 7 | Spain | Mocedades | "Eres tú" | Spanish | 125 | 2 |
| 8 | Switzerland | Patrick Juvet | "Je vais me marier, Marie" | French | 79 | 12 |
| 9 | Yugoslavia | Zdravko Čolić | "Gori vatra" (Гори ватра) | Serbo-Croatian | 65 | 15 |
| 10 | Italy | Massimo Ranieri | "Chi sarà con te" | Italian | 74 | 13 |
| 11 | Luxembourg | Anne-Marie David | "Tu te reconnaîtras" | French | 129 | 1 |
| 12 | Sweden | The Nova and the Dolls | "You're Summer" | English | 94 | 5 |
| 13 | Netherlands | Ben Cramer | "De oude muzikant" | Dutch | 69 | 14 |
| 14 | Ireland | Maxi | "Do I Dream" | English | 80 | 10 |
| 15 | United Kingdom | Cliff Richard | "Power to All Our Friends" | English | 123 | 3 |
| 16 | France | Martine Clémenceau | "Sans toi" | French | 65 | 15 |
| 17 | Israel | Ilanit | "Ey Sham" (אי שם) | Hebrew | 97 | 4 |
Detailed voting results
| Finland | 93 | 9 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 4 | 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | 58 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 2 | |
| Portugal | 80 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 5 | |
| Germany | 85 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 4 | |
| Norway | 89 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 9 | |
| Monaco | 85 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 5 | 4 | |
| Spain | 125 | 3 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 4 | 9 | 8 | |
| Switzerland | 79 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 3 | |
| Yugoslavia | 65 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |
| Italy | 74 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | |
| Luxembourg | 129 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 8 | |
| Sweden | 94 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 5 | |
| Netherlands | 69 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 2 | |
| Ireland | 80 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 | |
| United Kingdom | 123 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 9 | |
| France | 65 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | |
| Israel | 97 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 5 | |
10 points
Below is a summary of all perfect 10 scores that were given during the voting.
| N. | Contestant | Nation(s) giving 10 points |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | Luxembourg | France, Switzerland, United Kingdom |
| Spain | Ireland, Italy, Netherlands | |
| 2 | United Kingdom | Netherlands, Luxembourg |
Jury members
This section needs additional citations for verification. (June 2021) |
Listed below is the order in which votes were cast during the 1973 contest along with the names of the two jury members who voted for their respective country. Each country announced their results in groups of three, with the final two countries voting in a group of two.
- Finland – Kristiina Kauhtio and Heikki Sarmanto[12]
- Belgium – Unknown
- Portugal – José Calvário and Teresa Silva Carvalho
- Germany – Unknown
- Norway – Inger Ann Folkvord and Johannes Bergh[13]
- Monaco – Unknown
- Spain – Teresa González and José Luis Balbín
- Switzerland – Paola del Medico and Yor Milano[14]
- Yugoslavia – Dušan Lekić and Ivan Antonov
- Italy – Unknown
- Luxembourg – Unknown
- Sweden – Lena Andersson and Lars Samuelson[15]
- Netherlands – Unknown
- Ireland – Unknown
- United Kingdom – Catherine Woodfield and Pat Williams[5]
- France – Adeline Estragnat and Danièle Heymann
- Israel – Unknown
Broadcasts
Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[16]
Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below. In addition to the participating countries, the contest was also reportedly broadcast in Austria, Greece, Iceland, Malta and Turkey, in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Soviet Union via Intervision, and in Japan.[5]
| Country | Broadcaster | Channel(s) | Commentator(s) | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | ORF | FS2 | Ernst Grissemann | [25][62] |
| Greece | EIRT | EIRT | Mako Georgiadou | [63] |
| Hungary | MTV | MTV[d] | Unknown | [64] |
| Iceland | RÚV | Sjónvarpið[e] | Jón O. Edwald | [65] |
| Malta | MTPBS | MTS, National Network | Victor Aquilina | [66][67] |
| Turkey | TRT | Ankara Television | Unknown | [68] |
Incidents
This section needs additional citations for verification. (October 2021) |
Spanish song plagiarism allegation
The event was marked by controversy when the Spanish song, "Eres tú" sung by Mocedades, was accused of plagiarism due to reasonable similarities in the melody with "Brez besed" sung by Berta Ambrož, the Yugoslav entry from the 1966 contest; however, "Eres tú" was not disqualified. After finishing second in the contest, it went on to become a huge international hit.
Concerns with lyrics
The somewhat elliptical lyrics to Portugal's entry "Tourada" provided sufficient cover for a song that was clearly understood as a blistering assault on the country's decaying dictatorship. Also, the word "breasts" was used during Sweden's song entry. However, no action was taken by the EBU.
Disagreements within the Irish delegation
An argument broke out between the singer Maxi and her Irish delegation over how the song should be performed. During rehearsals she repeatedly stopped performing in frustration. When it began to appear possible that Maxi might withdraw from the contest, RTÉ immediately sent over another singer, Tina Reynolds, to take her place just in case. In the end Miss Reynolds wasn't needed as Maxi did perform, with her entry earning 10th place on the scoreboard. Reynolds would perform the following year.
Notes
- ^ Also contains some lyrics in English, Spanish and French
- ^ Also contains some lyrics in Spanish, Italian, Dutch, German, Irish, Hebrew, Serbo-Croatian, Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian
- ^ Delayed broadcast on 9 April 1973 at 22:30 CET (21:30 UTC)[52]
- ^ Delayed broadcast on 8 May 1973 at 21:15 CET (20:15 UTC)[64]
- ^ Delayed broadcast on 29 April 1973 at 21:30 WET (21:30 UTC)[65]
References
- ^ O'Connor, John Kennedy. The Eurovision Song Contest – The Official History. Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1 April 2010
- ^ "The "Grand Théâtre" of Luxembourg City offers high quality cultural events" 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine, Luxembourg National Tourist Office, London. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- ^ "Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg" 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine, Théâtre Info Luxembourg. (in French) Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- ^ O'Connor, John Kennedy. The Eurovision Song Contest – The Official History. Carlton Books, UK. 2007 ISBN 978-1-84442-994-3
- ^ a b c d e f Roxburgh, Gordon (2014). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Volume Two: The 1970s. Prestatyn: Telos Publishing. pp. 113–128. ISBN 978-1-84583-093-9.
- ^ "And the conductor is..." Retrieved 27 July 2020.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1973". The Diggiloo Thrush. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1973". 4Lyrics.eu. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ^ "Final of Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
- ^ "Results of the Final of Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
- ^ . European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
- ^ "Marion tulessa ensimmäisenä". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 7 April 1973. p. 39. Retrieved 23 December 2022. (subscription required)
- ^ "Grand Prix-finale i Luxembourg". Fremover (in Norwegian). Narvik, Norway. 29 March 1973. p. 9. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via National Library of Norway.
- ^ "Eurovisione della canzone – Vince il Lussemburgo". La Voce delle Valli (in Italian). Locarno, Switzerland. 12 April 1973. p. 5. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via e-newspaperarchives.ch.
- ^ a b Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna (in Swedish). Stockholm: Premium Publishing. pp. 102–103. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.
- ^ "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ "Belgium – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Zaterdag – TV | Radio". Limburgs Dagblad (in Dutch). Heerlen, Netherlands. 7 April 1973. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2023 – via Delpher.
- ^ "Radio vandaag". Trouw (in Dutch). Amsterdam, Netherlands. 7 April 1973. p. 4. Retrieved 8 January 2023 – via Delpher.
- ^ a b c d "Télé-programmes – samedi 7 avril". Luxemburger Wort (in German and French). Luxembourg City, Luxembourg. 6 April 1973. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Finland – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Radio ja TV". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 7 April 1973. p. 39. Retrieved 23 December 2022. (subscription required)
- ^ a b "TV – samedi 7 avril". Radio TV - Je vois tout (in French). Lausanne, Switzerland: Héliographia SA. 5 April 1973. pp. 30–31. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "France – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b c "Tele-Tip heute – Samstag 7. April 1973". Bieler Tagblatt (in German). Biel, Switzerland. 7 April 1973. p. 45. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via e-newspaperarchives.ch.
- ^ "Germany – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Ireland – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Television Today". The Irish Times. 7 April 1973. p. 19. Retrieved 22 December 2022. (subscription required)
- ^ "Radio Today". The Irish Times. 7 April 1973. p. 19. Retrieved 22 December 2022. (subscription required)
- ^ Bedell, Roy (7 April 1973). (Photograph). Grand Théâtre, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. Archived from the original on 22 December 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2022 – via RTÉ Libraries and Archives.
- ^ Bedell, Roy (7 April 1973). (Photograph). Grand Théâtre, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 December 2022 – via RTÉ Libraries and Archives.
- ^ "Israel – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Televizia" טלוויזיה. Al HaMishmar (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv, Israel. 6 April 1973. p. 35. Retrieved 7 January 2023 – via National Library of Israel.
- ^ "Italy – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Oggi alla televisione". La Stampa (in Italian). Turin, Italy. 7 April 1973. p. 6. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Stasera alla TV – Eurocanzone". Stampa Sera (in Italian). Turin, Italy. 7 April 1973. p. 8. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Radio Luxembourg – samedi 7 avril". Luxemburger Wort (in French and Luxembourgish). Luxembourg City, Luxembourg. 6 April 1973. p. 31. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Luxembourg – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Monaco – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Spanje, Luxemburg en Nederland favoriet op Songfestival". De Telegraaf (in Dutch). Amsterdam, Netherlands. 7 April 1973. p. 2. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via Delpher.
- ^ "Netherlands – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Norway – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Radio og TV". Telen (in Norwegian). Notodden, Norway. 7 April 1973. p. 5. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via National Library of Norway.
- ^ "Portugal – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Televisão – Hoje". Diário de Lisboa (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal. 7 April 1973. p. 30. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via Casa Comum.
- ^ Castrim, Mário (9 April 1973). "Festival da Canção: mezinha do pinga-amor". Diário de Lisboa (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal. p. 5, 8. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via Casa Comum.
- ^ "Spain – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Programas de Radio y Televisión". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Barcelona, Spain. 7 April 1973. p. 64. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ HerGar, Paula (28 March 2018). "Todos los comentaristas de la historia de España en Eurovisión (y una única mujer en solitario)" (in Spanish). Los 40. from the original on 19 December 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ "Sweden – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Radio – samedi 7 avril". Radio TV - Je vois tout (in French). Lausanne, Switzerland: Héliographia SA. 5 April 1973. pp. 60–61. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Radioprogramm fur die Woche vom 8. bis 14. April 1973". Neue Zürcher Nachrichten (in German). Zürich, Switzerland. 7 April 1973. p. 14. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via e-newspaperarchives.ch.
- ^ "Radio | Televisione". Gazzetta Ticinese (in Italian). Lugano, Switzerland. 7 April 1973. p. 3. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via Sistema bibliotecario ticinese.
- ^ "Switzerland – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1973 – BBC1". Radio Times. 7 April 1973. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via BBC Genome Project.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1973 – BBC Radio 2". Radio Times. 7 April 1973. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via BBC Genome Project.
- ^ "Schedule – BBC Radio 1 – 7 April 1973". Radio Times. 7 April 1973. Retrieved 10 January 2023 – via BBC Genome Project.
- ^ "United Kingdom – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Yugoslavia – Luxembourg 1973". European Broadcasting Union. from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "Televizija – 7. aprila" (PDF). Glas (in Slovenian). Kranj, SR Slovenia, Yugoslavia. 7 April 1973. p. 12. (PDF) from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "TV Program – JRT". Slobodna Dalmacija (in Serbo-Croatian). Split, SR Croatia, Yugoslavia. 6 April 1974. p. 17. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ Halbhuber, Axel (22 May 2015). "Ein virtueller Disput der ESC-Kommentatoren". Kurier (in German). from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ "Eurovision 2020: Giorgos Kapoutzidis -Maria Kozakou ston scholiasmo tou diagonismou gia tin ERT" Eurovision 2020: Γιώργος Καπουτζίδης -Μαρία Κοζάκου στον σχολιασμό του διαγωνισμού για την ΕΡΤ (in Greek). Matrix24. 12 February 2020. from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ a b "TV – kedd május 8". Rádió- és Televízió-újság (in Hungarian). 7 May 1973. p. 12. from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via MTVA Archívum.
- ^ a b "Sjónvarp – Sunnudagur 29. apríl 1973". Vísir (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland. 28 April 1973. p. 17. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via Timarit.is.
- ^ "Sound and Vision – Today's TV Log". Times of Malta. 7 April 1973. p. 10.
- ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1973". Times of Malta. 7 April 1973. p. 11.
- ^ "TV". Cumhuriyet (in Turkish). Istanbul, Turkey. 7 April 1973. p. 6. from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
External links
- Official website