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Western European Time

March 08, 2023

Western European Time (WET, UTC±00:00) is a time zone covering parts of western Europe and consists of countries using UTC±00:00 (also known as Greenwich Mean Time, abbreviated GMT).[1][2] It is one of the three standard time zones in the European Union along with Central European Time and Eastern European Time.[3][2]

The following Western European countries and regions use UTC±00:00 in winter months:

All the above countries except Iceland[14] implement daylight saving time in summer (from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October each year), switching to Western European Summer Time (WEST, UTC+01:00), which is one hour ahead of WET.[15] WEST is called British Summer Time in the UK and is legally defined as Irish Standard Time in Ireland.

The nominal span of the UTC±00:00 time zone is 7.5°E to 7.5°W (0° ± 7.5°), but does not include the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Gibraltar or Spain (except Canary Islands) which use Central European Time (CET) even though these are mostly or completely west of 7.5°E. Conversely, Iceland and eastern Greenland use UTC±00:00 although both are west of 7.5°W. In September 2013, a Spanish parliamentary committee recommended switching to UTC±00:00.[16][17][18]

Historical uses

A slight variation of UTC±00:00, based until 1911 on the Paris Meridian, was used in:

Until the Second World War, France used UTC±00:00. However, the German occupation switched France to German time, and it has remained in CET since then.[31] Two other occupied territories, Belgium and the Netherlands, did the same, and Spain also switched to CET in solidarity with Germany under the orders of General Franco.[32]

In the United Kingdom, from 1940 to 1945 British Summer Time (BST=CET) was used in winters, and from 1941 to 1945 and again in 1947, British Double Summer Time (BDST=CEST) was used in summers. Between 18 February 1968 and 31 October 1971, BST was used all year round.[33][34]

In Ireland, from 1940 to 1946 Irish Summer Time (IST=CET) was used all year round, with no 'double' summer time akin to that in the United Kingdom. Between 18 February 1968 and 31 October 1971, Irish Standard Time was used all year round.[35][36]

In Portugal, CET was used in the mainland from 1966 to 1976 and from 1992 to 1996. The autonomous region of the Azores used WET from 1992 to 1993.[37][38][39]

Anomalies

 
Difference between legal time and local mean solar time in Europe during the winter
Colour Legal time vs local mean time
1 h ± 30 m behind
0 h ± 30 m
1 h ± 30 m ahead
2 h ± 30 m ahead

Regions located outside UTC longitudes

Located west of 22°30′ W ("physical" UTC−2)

Located west of 7°30′ W ("physical" UTC-1)

Areas located within UTC+00:00 longitudes using other time zones

These areas are actually located between 7°30′E and 7°30′W (nominally UTC+0) but use UTC+01:00 (Central European Time, nominally for longitudes between 7°30′E and 22°30′E):

All of

and most of

and minor parts of other countries.

References

  1. ^ "EU summer-time arrangements under Directive 2000/84/EC" (PDF). European Parliament. 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Reasoned opinion on subsidiarity" (PDF). Committee on Legal Affairs –European Parliament. 2019.
  3. ^ "Seasonal clock change in the EU". European Commission. 2016-09-22. Retrieved 2019-11-18.
  4. ^ a b "Time Zones of Portugal". Statoids. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
  5. ^ "Lighter nights would keep youngsters fitter and safer, say doctors". Western Mail. Cardiff. 27 June 2005.
  6. ^ David Ennals "British Standard Times Bill [Lords]", Hansard, House of Commons Debate, 23 January 1968, vol 757 cc290-366, 290–92
  7. ^ "British Standard Time", Hansard (HC), 2 December 1970, vol 807 cc1331-422
  8. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Dublin, Ireland". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  9. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1960-1969 in Dublin, Ireland". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  10. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  11. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Tórshavn, Faroe Islands". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  12. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes in Danmarkshavn, Greenland". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  13. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes in Reykjavik, Iceland". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  14. ^ "Countries that do not observe DST | GreenwichMeanTime.com". greenwichmeantime.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  15. ^ "What Countries Do Daylight Savings?". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  16. ^ "Spain considers time zone change to boost productivity". BBC News. 27 September 2013.
  17. ^ Hamilos, Paul (26 September 2013). "Adiós, siesta? Spain considers ending Franco's change to working hours". The Guardian (London).
  18. ^ Dewey, Caitlin (26 September 2013). "Spaniards are less productive, constantly tired because Spain is in the wrong time zone". The Washington Post.
  19. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes in Andorra La Vella, Andorra". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  20. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes in Brussels, Belgium". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  21. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Brussels, Belgium". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  22. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Brussels, Belgium". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  23. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Paris, Île-de-France, France". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  24. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Paris, Île-de-France, France". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  25. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1850-1899 in Gibraltar, Gibraltar". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  26. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1950-1959 in Gibraltar, Gibraltar". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  27. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Luxembourg, Luxembourg". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  28. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Luxembourg, Luxembourg". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  29. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1900-1924 in Monaco, Monaco". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  30. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1925-1949 in Monaco, Monaco". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  31. ^ Poulle, Yvonne (1999). (PDF). Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes. 157 (2): 493–502. doi:10.3406/bec.1999.450989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  32. ^ "Spain Has Been In The 'Wrong' Time Zone For 7 Decades". NPR.org. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  33. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1960-1969 in London, England, United Kingdom". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  34. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1970-1979 in London, England, United Kingdom". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  35. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1960-1969 in Dublin, Ireland". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  36. ^ "Time Zone & Clock Changes 1970-1979 in Dublin, Ireland". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 2018-11-29.
  37. ^ Decreto Legislativo Regional n.º 29/92/A (23-12-1992) (in Portuguese), Diário da República (Diary of the Republic) – 1st Series - A, nr. 295, p. 5932-(2), 23 December 1992. Retrieved 11 January 2014
  38. ^ Decreto Legislativo Regional n.º 8/93/A (26-03-1993) (in Portuguese), Diário da República (Diary of the Republic) – 1st Series - A, nr. 72, p. 1496-(272), 23 March 1993. Retrieved 11 January 2014
  39. ^ Decreto Legislativo Regional n.º 9/93/A (15-07-1993) (in Portuguese), Diário da República (Diary of the Republic) – 1st Series - A, nr. 164, p. 3845–3846, 15 July 1993. Retrieved 11 January 2014

March 08, 2023
western, european, time, time, zone, covering, parts, western, europe, consists, countries, using, also, known, greenwich, mean, time, abbreviated, three, standard, time, zones, european, union, along, with, central, european, time, eastern, european, time, ti. Western European Time WET UTC 00 00 is a time zone covering parts of western Europe and consists of countries using UTC 00 00 also known as Greenwich Mean Time abbreviated GMT 1 2 It is one of the three standard time zones in the European Union along with Central European Time and Eastern European Time 3 2 Time in Europe Light Blue Western European Time Greenwich Mean Time UTC Blue Western European Time Greenwich Mean Time UTC Western European Summer Time British Summer Time Irish Standard Time UTC 1 Red Central European Time UTC 1 Central European Summer Time UTC 2 Yellow Eastern European Time Kaliningrad Time UTC 2 Ochre Eastern European Time UTC 2 Eastern European Summer Time UTC 3 Green Moscow Time Turkey Time UTC 3 Turquoise Armenia Time Azerbaijan Time Georgia Time UTC 4 Pale colours Standard time observed all year Dark colours Summer time observed The following Western European countries and regions use UTC 00 00 in winter months Portugal since 1912 with pauses except Azores UTC 01 00 4 United Kingdom and Crown Dependencies since 1847 in England Scotland Wales the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man and since 1916 in Northern Ireland with pauses 5 6 7 Ireland since 1916 8 except between 1968 and 1971 9 Canary Islands since 1946 rest of Spain is CET UTC 01 00 10 Faroe Islands since 1908 11 Madeira islands since 1912 with pauses 4 North Eastern Greenland Danmarkshavn and surrounding area 12 Iceland since 1968 without summer time changes 13 All the above countries except Iceland 14 implement daylight saving time in summer from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October each year switching to Western European Summer Time WEST UTC 01 00 which is one hour ahead of WET 15 WEST is called British Summer Time in the UK and is legally defined as Irish Standard Time in Ireland The nominal span of the UTC 00 00 time zone is 7 5 E to 7 5 W 0 7 5 but does not include the Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg France Gibraltar or Spain except Canary Islands which use Central European Time CET even though these are mostly or completely west of 7 5 E Conversely Iceland and eastern Greenland use UTC 00 00 although both are west of 7 5 W In September 2013 a Spanish parliamentary committee recommended switching to UTC 00 00 16 17 18 Contents 1 Historical uses 2 Anomalies 2 1 Regions located outside UTC longitudes 2 1 1 Located west of 7 30 W physical UTC 1 2 2 Areas located within UTC 00 00 longitudes using other time zones 3 ReferencesHistorical uses EditA slight variation of UTC 00 00 based until 1911 on the Paris Meridian was used in Andorra 1901 1946 19 Belgium 1892 1914 without daylight saving time 20 21 and 1919 1940 with daylight saving time 22 France 1911 1940 23 and 1944 1945 24 Gibraltar 1880 1957 25 26 Luxembourg 1918 1940 27 28 Monaco 1911 1945 29 30 Until the Second World War France used UTC 00 00 However the German occupation switched France to German time and it has remained in CET since then 31 Two other occupied territories Belgium and the Netherlands did the same and Spain also switched to CET in solidarity with Germany under the orders of General Franco 32 In the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 British Summer Time BST CET was used in winters and from 1941 to 1945 and again in 1947 British Double Summer Time BDST CEST was used in summers Between 18 February 1968 and 31 October 1971 BST was used all year round 33 34 In Ireland from 1940 to 1946 Irish Summer Time IST CET was used all year round with no double summer time akin to that in the United Kingdom Between 18 February 1968 and 31 October 1971 Irish Standard Time was used all year round 35 36 In Portugal CET was used in the mainland from 1966 to 1976 and from 1992 to 1996 The autonomous region of the Azores used WET from 1992 to 1993 37 38 39 Anomalies Edit Difference between legal time and local mean solar time in Europe during the winter Colour Legal time vs local mean time1 h 30 m behind0 h 30 m1 h 30 m ahead2 h 30 m aheadRegions located outside UTC longitudes Edit Located west of 22 30 W physical UTC 2 Western parts of IcelandLocated west of 7 30 W physical UTC 1 Edit Most of Iceland Mykines Faroe Islands Western Ireland Western Portugal Madeira islands Canary Islands North eastern Greenland Western parts of Northern Ireland and ScotlandAreas located within UTC 00 00 longitudes using other time zones Edit These areas are actually located between 7 30 E and 7 30 W nominally UTC 0 but use UTC 01 00 Central European Time nominally for longitudes between 7 30 E and 22 30 E All of Andorra Belgium Luxembourg Monaco Netherlandsand most of France Spainand minor parts of other countries References Edit EU summer time arrangements under Directive 2000 84 EC PDF European Parliament 2017 a b Reasoned opinion on subsidiarity PDF Committee on Legal Affairs European Parliament 2019 Seasonal clock change in the EU European Commission 2016 09 22 Retrieved 2019 11 18 a b Time Zones of Portugal Statoids Retrieved 18 October 2011 Lighter nights would keep youngsters fitter and safer say doctors Western Mail Cardiff 27 June 2005 David Ennals British Standard Times Bill Lords Hansard House of Commons Debate 23 January 1968 vol 757 cc290 366 290 92 British Standard Time Hansard HC 2 December 1970 vol 807 cc1331 422 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1900 1924 in Dublin Ireland www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1960 1969 in Dublin Ireland www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1925 1949 in Las Palmas Canary Islands Spain www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1900 1924 in Torshavn Faroe Islands www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes in Danmarkshavn Greenland www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes in Reykjavik Iceland www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Countries that do not observe DST GreenwichMeanTime com greenwichmeantime com Retrieved 2018 11 29 What Countries Do Daylight Savings WorldAtlas Retrieved 2018 11 29 Spain considers time zone change to boost productivity BBC News 27 September 2013 Hamilos Paul 26 September 2013 Adios siesta Spain considers ending Franco s change to working hours The Guardian London Dewey Caitlin 26 September 2013 Spaniards are less productive constantly tired because Spain is in the wrong time zone The Washington Post Time Zone amp Clock Changes in Andorra La Vella Andorra www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes in Brussels Belgium www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1900 1924 in Brussels Belgium www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1925 1949 in Brussels Belgium www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1900 1924 in Paris Ile de France France www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1925 1949 in Paris Ile de France France www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1850 1899 in Gibraltar Gibraltar www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1950 1959 in Gibraltar Gibraltar www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1900 1924 in Luxembourg Luxembourg www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1925 1949 in Luxembourg Luxembourg www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1900 1924 in Monaco Monaco www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1925 1949 in Monaco Monaco www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Poulle Yvonne 1999 La France a l heure allemande PDF Bibliotheque de l ecole des chartes 157 2 493 502 doi 10 3406 bec 1999 450989 Archived from the original PDF on 4 September 2015 Retrieved 11 January 2012 Spain Has Been In The Wrong Time Zone For 7 Decades NPR org Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1960 1969 in London England United Kingdom www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1970 1979 in London England United Kingdom www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1960 1969 in Dublin Ireland www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Time Zone amp Clock Changes 1970 1979 in Dublin Ireland www timeanddate com Retrieved 2018 11 29 Decreto Legislativo Regional n º 29 92 A 23 12 1992 in Portuguese Diario da Republica Diary of the Republic 1st Series A nr 295 p 5932 2 23 December 1992 Retrieved 11 January 2014 Decreto Legislativo Regional n º 8 93 A 26 03 1993 in Portuguese Diario da Republica Diary of the Republic 1st Series A nr 72 p 1496 272 23 March 1993 Retrieved 11 January 2014 Decreto Legislativo Regional n º 9 93 A 15 07 1993 in Portuguese Diario da Republica Diary of the Republic 1st Series A nr 164 p 3845 3846 15 July 1993 Retrieved 11 January 2014 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Western European Time amp oldid 1143385866, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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