Demographics of Ethiopia
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
|
The demographics of Ethiopia encompass the demographic features of inhabitants in Ethiopia, including ethnicity, languages, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
| Demographics of Ethiopia | |
|---|---|
Ethiopia population pyramid in 2020 | |
| Population | 120,283,026[1][2] |
| Density | 109.3 people per.sq.km |
| Growth rate | 2.5% (2021) (22nd) |
| Birth rate | 32.4 births/1,000 population (2021) |
| Death rate | 6.8 deaths/1,000 population (2021) |
| Life expectancy | 68.25 years (2022 est.) |
| • male | 66.12 years (2022 est.) |
| • female | 70.44 years (2022 est.) |
| Fertility rate | 4.16 children born/woman (2021) |
| Infant mortality rate | 34.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2021) |
| Sex ratio | |
| At birth | 1.03 male(s)/female (2013 est.) |
| Under 15 | 1.00 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
| 15–64 years | 0.99 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
| 65 and over | 0.95 male(s)/female (2009 est.) |
| Nationality | |
| Major ethnic | See Ethnic Groups of Ethiopia |
| Language | |
| Official | See Languages of Ethiopia |
Ethnic groups edit
Ethiopia's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups, the four largest of which are the Oromo, Amhara, Somali and Tigrayans. According to the Ethiopian national census of 2007, the Oromo are the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia, at 34.4% of the nation's population. The Amhara represent 27.0% of the country's inhabitants, while Somalis and Tigrayans represent 6.2% and 6.1% of the population respectively. Other prominent ethnic groups are as follows: Sidama 4.0%, Gurage 2.5%, Welayta 2.3%, Afar 1.7%, Hadiya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5% and Others 12.6%.[3]
Afroasiatic-speaking communities make up the majority of the population. Among these, Semitic speakers often collectively refer to themselves as the Habesha people. The Arabic form of this term (al-Ḥabasha) is the etymological basis of "Abyssinia", the former name of Ethiopia in English and other European languages.[4] Additionally, Nilo-Saharan-speaking ethnic minorities inhabit the southern regions of the country, particularly in areas of the Gambela Region which borders South Sudan. The largest ethnic groups among these include the Nuer and Anuak.[5] The Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region, being an amalgam of the main homelands of numerous ethnicities, contains over 56 indigenous ethnic groups.[6]
Languages edit
According to the bibliographic database Glottolog, there are 109 languages spoken in Ethiopia; meanwhile, Ethnologue lists 90 individual languages spoken in the country.[7][8] Most people in the country speak Afroasiatic languages of the Cushitic or Semitic branches, including the Oromo language, Somali, Amharic, and Tigrinya. Together, these four groups make up about three-quarters of Ethiopia's population. Other Afroasiatic languages with a significant number of speakers include the Cushitic Sidamo, Afar, Hadiyya and Agaw languages, as well as the Semitic Gurage languages, Harari, Silt'e, and Argobba languages. Arabic, which also belongs to the Afroasiatic family, is likewise spoken in some areas.[9]
The principal Semitic language of the north-west and centre of the country is Amharic, which is the language of the Amhara Region. Moreover, Amharic is also one of the official working languages of Ethiopia.[10][11][12]
Oromo serves as one of the official working languages of Ethiopia[10][11][12] and is also the working language of several of the states within the Ethiopian federal system including Oromia,[13] Harar and Dire Dawa regional states and of the Oromia Zone in the Amhara Region.
Religion edit
Various religions are adhered to in Ethiopia. Most Christians live in the highlands, whereas Muslims mainly inhabit the lowlands. Adherents of traditional faiths are primarily concentrated in the southern regions.
According to the Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (2007 census), the national religious composition is Ethiopian Orthodox 43.5%, Protestantism 18.6%, Roman Catholicism 0.7%, Islam 33.9%, traditional 2.6%, and others 0.6%.[15]
Population edit
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1,000,000 | — |
| 1500 | 6,000,000 | +0.12% |
| 1900 | 10,742,000 | +0.15% |
| 2000 | 63,000,000 | +1.78% |
| 2011 | 85,555,555 | +2.82% |
| 2012 | 84,320,987 | −1.44% |
| 2013 | 86,613,986 | +2.72% |
Source: Central Statistical Agency (CSA)[16]
Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world.[17] Its total population has grown from 38.1 million in 1983 to 109.5 million in 2018.[18] The population was only about nine million in the 19th century.[19] The 2007 Population and Housing Census results show that the population of Ethiopia grew at an average annual rate of 2.6% between 1994 and 2007, down from 2.8% during the period 1983–1994. As of 2015, the population growth rate is among the top ten countries in the world.[20] According to UN estimations, life expectancy in Ethiopia had improved over time, with male life expectancy reported to be 56 years and for women 60 years.[21]
UN estimates edit
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[1][2], the total population was 120,283,026 in 2021, compared to 18,434,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 41.5%, 55.8% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% was 65 years or older. The average age was 25.1.[22]
| Total population | Population aged 0–14 (%) | Population aged 15–64 (%) | Population aged 65+ (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 18 434 000 | 44.1 | 52.9 | 3 |
| 1955 | 20 298 000 | 43.9 | 53.3 | 2.8 |
| 1960 | 22 553 000 | 43.5 | 53.8 | 2.6 |
| 1965 | 25 480 000 | 43.5 | 53.9 | 2.6 |
| 1970 | 28 959 000 | 44.1 | 53.3 | 2.7 |
| 1975 | 32 959 000 | 44.5 | 52.7 | 2.8 |
| 1980 | 35 426 000 | 44.5 | 52.6 | 2.9 |
| 1985 | 41 078 000 | 44.6 | 52.6 | 2.9 |
| 1990 | 48 333 000 | 45.4 | 52.1 | 2.9 |
| 1995 | 57 042 000 | 45.9 | 51.2 | 2.9 |
| 2000 | 65 578 000 | 45.9 | 51.1 | 3.0 |
| 2005 | 74 264 000 | 44.5 | 52.4 | 3.1 |
| 2010 | 82 950 000 | 41.5 | 55.2 | 3.3 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 37 217 130 | 36 533 802 | 73 750 932 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 5 482 792 | 5 314 230 | 10 797 022 | 14.64 |
| 5–9 | 6 106 788 | 5 874 976 | 11 981 764 | 16.25 |
| 10–14 | 5 412 324 | 4 999 913 | 10 412 237 | 14.12 |
| 15–19 | 4 454 710 | 4 293 338 | 8 748 048 | 11.86 |
| 20–24 | 3 098 338 | 3 303 747 | 6 402 085 | 8.68 |
| 25–29 | 2 622 759 | 3 039 429 | 5 662 188 | 7.68 |
| 30–34 | 2 088 208 | 2 131 858 | 4 220 066 | 5.72 |
| 35–39 | 1 827 296 | 1 949 346 | 3 776 642 | 5.12 |
| 40–44 | 1 464 529 | 1 408 451 | 2 872 980 | 3.90 |
| 45–49 | 1 150 017 | 1 097 287 | 2 247 304 | 3.05 |
| 50–54 | 928 294 | 962 472 | 1 890 766 | 2.56 |
| 55–59 | 634 053 | 536 967 | 1 171 020 | 1.59 |
| 60–64 | 646 359 | 588 641 | 1 235 000 | 1.67 |
| 65-69 | 446 242 | 359 019 | 805 261 | 1.09 |
| 70-74 | 359 897 | 316 663 | 676 560 | 0.92 |
| 75-79 | 203 843 | 146 333 | 350 176 | 0.47 |
| 80-84 | 159 786 | 127 691 | 287 477 | 0.39 |
| 85-89 | 62 001 | 38 195 | 100 196 | 0.14 |
| 90-94 | 38 185 | 26 357 | 64 542 | 0.09 |
| 95+ | 30 709 | 18 889 | 49 598 | 0.07 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 17 001 904 | 16 189 119 | 33 191 023 | 45.00 |
| 15–64 | 18 914 563 | 19 311 536 | 38 226 099 | 51.83 |
| 65+ | 1 300 663 | 1 033 147 | 2 333 810 | 3.16 |
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 50 501 054 | 50 195 689 | 100 696 744 | 100 |
| 0–4 | 6 928 657 | 6 696 036 | 13 624 693 | 13.53 |
| 5–9 | 6 556 462 | 6 386 585 | 12 943 045 | 12.85 |
| 10–14 | 5 953 639 | 5 819 250 | 11 772 889 | 11.69 |
| 15–19 | 5 590 667 | 5 450 660 | 11 041 324 | 10.96 |
| 20–24 | 5 047 253 | 4 902 329 | 9 949 582 | 9.88 |
| 25–29 | 4 406 798 | 4 348 582 | 8 755 379 | 8.69 |
| 30–34 | 3 687 268 | 3 768 246 | 7 455 512 | 7.40 |
| 35–39 | 2 990 405 | 3 135 347 | 6 125 754 | 6.08 |
| 40–44 | 2 394 320 | 2 528 749 | 4 923 071 | 4.89 |
| 45–49 | 1 843 822 | 1 962 667 | 3 806 489 | 3.78 |
| 50–54 | 1 472 263 | 1 548 292 | 3 020 553 | 3.00 |
| 55–59 | 1 156 765 | 1 177 778 | 2 334 541 | 2.32 |
| 60–64 | 883 392 | 899 303 | 1 782 694 | 1.77 |
| 65–69 | 639 745 | 643 776 | 1 283 523 | 1.27 |
| 70–74 | 444 339 | 441 554 | 885 894 | 0.88 |
| 75–79 | 276 955 | 273 976 | 550 928 | 0.55 |
| 80+ | 228 308 | 212 565 | 440 871 | 0.44 |
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
| 0–14 | 19 438 758 | 18 901 871 | 38 340 629 | 38.08 |
| 15–64 | 29 472 949 | 29 721 947 | 59 194 896 | 58.79 |
| 65+ | 1 589 347 | 1 571 871 | 3 161 218 | 3.14 |
UN projections edit
Below are the UN's medium variant projections:[25][22]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 121,822,590 | — |
| 2025 | 131,322,576 | +2.53% |
| 2030 | 147,649,901 | +2.37% |
| 2035 | 164,079,192 | +2.13% |
| 2040 | 180,415,091 | +1.92% |
| 2045 | 196,839,709 | +1.76% |
| 2050 | 213,190,071 | +1.61% |
Vital statistics edit
Registration of vital events in Ethiopia is incomplete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates: [25]
| Year | Population (thousands) | Live births (thousands) | Deaths (thousands) | Natural change (thousands) | CBR | CDR | NC | TFR | IMR | Life expectancy (years) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 17 710 | 875 | 494 | 381 | 49.4 | 27.9 | 21.5 | 7.35 | 199.4 | 36.35 |
| 1951 | 18 101 | 890 | 498 | 392 | 49.1 | 27.5 | 21.6 | 7.30 | 198.1 | 36.60 |
| 1952 | 18 497 | 899 | 502 | 397 | 48.6 | 27.1 | 21.5 | 7.20 | 195.4 | 36.82 |
| 1953 | 18 892 | 910 | 503 | 407 | 48.1 | 26.6 | 21.5 | 7.12 | 192.3 | 37.23 |
| 1954 | 19 292 | 921 | 505 | 416 | 47.7 | 26.2 | 21.5 | 7.05 | 189.1 | 37.54 |
| 1955 | 19 704 | 934 | 507 | 428 | 47.4 | 25.7 | 21.7 | 6.99 | 185.6 | 37.96 |
| 1956 | 20 128 | 951 | 509 | 442 | 47.2 | 25.3 | 21.9 | 6.95 | 181.9 | 38.34 |
| 1957 | 20 499 | 967 | 643 | 324 | 47.2 | 31.4 | 15.8 | 6.92 | 216.3 | 32.39 |
| 1958 | 20 817 | 985 | 636 | 349 | 47.3 | 30.5 | 16.8 | 6.90 | 211.8 | 32.94 |
| 1959 | 21 227 | 1 007 | 502 | 505 | 47.4 | 23.6 | 23.8 | 6.89 | 169.9 | 39.86 |
| 1960 | 21 740 | 1 032 | 508 | 524 | 47.5 | 23.3 | 24.1 | 6.88 | 165.8 | 40.33 |
| 1961 | 22 282 | 1 060 | 509 | 551 | 47.6 | 22.9 | 24.7 | 6.88 | 161.8 | 41.00 |
| 1962 | 22 852 | 1 090 | 516 | 574 | 47.7 | 22.6 | 25.1 | 6.88 | 158.0 | 41.40 |
| 1963 | 23 449 | 1 121 | 520 | 601 | 47.8 | 22.2 | 25.6 | 6.87 | 154.6 | 41.96 |
| 1964 | 24 074 | 1 157 | 529 | 628 | 48.0 | 22.0 | 26.1 | 6.87 | 151.6 | 42.28 |
| 1965 | 24 728 | 1 193 | 541 | 652 | 48.3 | 21.9 | 26.4 | 6.86 | 149.6 | 42.44 |
| 1966 | 25 378 | 1 230 | 607 | 622 | 48.5 | 23.9 | 24.5 | 6.87 | 160.6 | 40.15 |
| 1967 | 26 052 | 1 268 | 566 | 702 | 48.7 | 21.7 | 26.9 | 6.88 | 146.5 | 42.69 |
| 1968 | 26 779 | 1 308 | 580 | 728 | 48.8 | 21.7 | 27.2 | 6.90 | 146.2 | 42.84 |
| 1969 | 27 530 | 1 358 | 599 | 759 | 49.3 | 21.8 | 27.5 | 6.94 | 146.0 | 42.83 |
| 1970 | 28 308 | 1 399 | 618 | 781 | 49.4 | 21.8 | 27.6 | 6.98 | 145.7 | 42.82 |
| 1971 | 29 100 | 1 442 | 634 | 807 | 49.5 | 21.8 | 27.7 | 7.02 | 145.4 | 42.89 |
| 1972 | 29 891 | 1 481 | 687 | 794 | 49.5 | 23.0 | 26.6 | 7.06 | 152.0 | 41.55 |
| 1973 | 30 694 | 1 517 | 702 | 815 | 49.4 | 22.9 | 26.5 | 7.09 | 151.6 | 41.64 |
| 1974 | 31 489 | 1 561 | 783 | 778 | 49.6 | 24.9 | 24.7 | 7.12 | 163.2 | 39.45 |
| 1975 | 32 253 | 1 601 | 803 | 798 | 49.6 | 24.9 | 24.7 | 7.14 | 163.0 | 39.36 |
| 1976 | 33 062 | 1 644 | 744 | 900 | 49.7 | 22.5 | 27.2 | 7.19 | 147.9 | 41.90 |
| 1977 | 33 695 | 1 694 | 766 | 929 | 49.9 | 22.5 | 27.3 | 7.26 | 147.6 | 41.89 |
| 1978 | 34 259 | 1 712 | 774 | 937 | 49.8 | 22.5 | 27.3 | 7.30 | 147.1 | 41.90 |
| 1979 | 34 759 | 1 750 | 766 | 985 | 49.8 | 21.8 | 28.0 | 7.31 | 143.4 | 42.81 |
| 1980 | 34 945 | 1 764 | 761 | 1 004 | 49.8 | 21.5 | 28.3 | 7.33 | 141.9 | 43.22 |
| 1981 | 35 819 | 1 771 | 752 | 1 018 | 49.9 | 21.2 | 28.7 | 7.36 | 140.4 | 43.61 |
| 1982 | 37 213 | 1 858 | 782 | 1 076 | 50.0 | 21.0 | 28.9 | 7.37 | 138.6 | 43.77 |
| 1983 | 38 235 | 1 917 | 1 084 | 833 | 50.2 | 28.4 | 21.8 | 7.38 | 180.9 | 36.04 |
| 1984 | 39 203 | 1 985 | 1 088 | 897 | 50.7 | 27.8 | 22.9 | 7.40 | 177.5 | 36.43 |
| 1985 | 40 286 | 2 052 | 1 077 | 974 | 51.0 | 26.8 | 24.2 | 7.38 | 171.4 | 37.36 |
| 1986 | 41 455 | 2 111 | 1 090 | 1 021 | 51.0 | 26.4 | 24.7 | 7.36 | 167.9 | 37.81 |
| 1987 | 42 852 | 2 168 | 833 | 1 335 | 50.7 | 19.5 | 31.2 | 7.34 | 126.6 | 45.44 |
| 1988 | 44 512 | 2 230 | 877 | 1 353 | 50.3 | 19.8 | 30.5 | 7.30 | 125.1 | 45.06 |
| 1989 | 46 196 | 2 304 | 911 | 1 394 | 50.0 | 19.8 | 30.2 | 7.27 | 123.1 | 45.04 |
| 1990 | 47 878 | 2 389 | 957 | 1 432 | 50.1 | 20.1 | 30.0 | 7.24 | 122.0 | 44.56 |
| 1991 | 49 937 | 2 466 | 935 | 1 531 | 49.8 | 18.9 | 30.9 | 7.21 | 117.6 | 46.13 |
| 1992 | 52 012 | 2 548 | 950 | 1 598 | 49.1 | 18.3 | 30.8 | 7.16 | 114.3 | 46.90 |
| 1993 | 53 792 | 2 618 | 957 | 1 661 | 48.7 | 17.8 | 30.9 | 7.13 | 111.1 | 47.39 |
| 1994 | 55 620 | 2 677 | 964 | 1 714 | 48.2 | 17.3 | 30.8 | 7.08 | 107.7 | 47.86 |
| 1995 | 57 477 | 2 737 | 970 | 1 767 | 47.6 | 16.9 | 30.8 | 7.01 | 104.1 | 48.30 |
| 1996 | 59 348 | 2 811 | 968 | 1 843 | 47.4 | 16.3 | 31.1 | 6.92 | 100.5 | 48.92 |
| 1997 | 61 233 | 2 865 | 968 | 1 897 | 46.8 | 15.8 | 31.0 | 6.85 | 97.1 | 49.51 |
| 1998 | 63 136 | 2 895 | 973 | 1 921 | 45.8 | 15.4 | 30.4 | 6.75 | 93.7 | 49.93 |
| 1999 | 65 078 | 2 946 | 1 011 | 1 935 | 45.3 | 15.5 | 29.7 | 6.65 | 90.9 | 49.43 |
| 2000 | 67 032 | 2 984 | 990 | 1 995 | 44.5 | 14.8 | 29.7 | 6.56 | 87.2 | 50.54 |
| 2001 | 69 019 | 3 040 | 991 | 2 048 | 44.0 | 14.4 | 29.7 | 6.46 | 83.9 | 51.04 |
| 2002 | 71 073 | 3 085 | 992 | 2 092 | 43.4 | 14.0 | 29.4 | 6.37 | 80.3 | 51.52 |
| 2003 | 73 169 | 3 096 | 970 | 2 126 | 42.3 | 13.3 | 29.0 | 6.24 | 76.8 | 52.53 |
| 2004 | 75 301 | 3 138 | 960 | 2 178 | 41.7 | 12.7 | 28.9 | 6.11 | 73.1 | 53.24 |
| 2005 | 77 470 | 3 177 | 948 | 2 230 | 41.0 | 12.2 | 28.8 | 5.97 | 69.6 | 54.01 |
| 2006 | 79 691 | 3 207 | 920 | 2 287 | 40.2 | 11.5 | 28.7 | 5.85 | 66.3 | 55.15 |
| 2007 | 81 996 | 3 240 | 886 | 2 354 | 39.5 | 10.8 | 28.7 | 5.74 | 62.8 | 56.43 |
| 2008 | 84 357 | 3 245 | 856 | 2 389 | 38.5 | 10.1 | 28.3 | 5.57 | 59.8 | 57.59 |
| 2009 | 86 756 | 3 235 | 823 | 2 412 | 37.3 | 9.5 | 27.8 | 5.39 | 57.1 | 58.80 |
| 2010 | 89 238 | 3 259 | 803 | 2 456 | 36.5 | 9.0 | 27.5 | 5.22 | 54.4 | 59.73 |
| 2011 | 91 818 | 3 290 | 782 | 2 508 | 35.8 | 8.5 | 27.3 | 5.05 | 51.9 | 60.72 |
| 2012 | 94 451 | 3 289 | 766 | 2 523 | 34.8 | 8.1 | 26.7 | 4.88 | 49.6 | 61.54 |
| 2013 | 97 084 | 3 294 | 751 | 2 543 | 33.9 | 7.7 | 26.2 | 4.72 | 47.4 | 62.37 |
| 2014 | 99 747 | 3 346 | 748 | 2 598 | 33.6 | 7.5 | 26.1 | 4.61 | 45.2 | 62.91 |
| 2015 | 102 472 | 3 425 | 739 | 2 687 | 33.4 | 7.2 | 26.2 | 4.53 | 43.2 | 63.65 |
| 2016 | 105 293 | 3 507 | 729 | 2 777 | 33.3 | 6.9 | 26.4 | 4.47 | 41.4 | 64.39 |
| 2017 | 108 198 | 3 577 | 732 | 2 844 | 33.1 | 6.8 | 26.3 | 4.39 | 39.6 | 64.84 |
| 2018 | 111 129 | 3 668 | 730 | 2 937 | 33.0 | 6.6 | 26.4 | 4.34 | 38.0 | 65.41 |
| 2019 | 114 121 | 3 781 | 735 | 3 046 | 33.1 | 6.4 | 26.7 | 4.32 | 36.6 | 65.84 |
| 2020 | 117 191 | 3 842 | 775 | 3 066 | 32.8 | 6.6 | 26.2 | 4.24 | 35.4 | 65.37 |
| 2021 | 120 283 | 3 896 | 815 | 3 081 | 32.4 | 6.8 | 25.6 | 4.16 | 34.4 | 64.98 |
CBR = crude birth rate (per 1,000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1,000); NC = natural change (per 1,000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1,000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1,000 births
Source: UN World Population Prospects
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Total fertility rate in Ethiopia (census 2007) edit
As per 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia [26]
| Region | Urban TFR | Rural TFR | Total TFR (U+R) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethiopia (Country Total) | 2,220 | 4,650 | 4,160 |
| Tigray Region | 2,915 | 4,905 | 4,440 |
| Affar Region | 2,440 | 2,000 | 2,075 |
| Amhara Region | 2,135 | 4,540 | 4,175 |
| Oromia Region | 2,635 | 5,235 | 4,845 |
| Somali Region | 2,175 | 1,985 | 2,010 |
| Benishangul – Gumuz Region | 3,005 | 4,800 | 4,520 |
| S.N.N.P Region | 2,750 | 4,715 | 4,495 |
| Gambella Region | 2,725 | 2,930 | 2,885 |
| Harari Region | 1,725 | 4,725 | 2,885 |
| Addis Ababa City Administration | 1,485 | - | 1,485 |
| Dira Dawa City Administration | 2,155 | 5,455 | 2,985 |
| Region 17 | 3,210 | 2,585 | 2,845 |
Fertility and Births (Demographic and Health Surveys) edit
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[27]
| Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 41.3 | 5.9 (4.9) | 30.7 | 3.3 (2.7) | 42.9 | 6.4 (5.4) |
| 2005 | 35.7 | 5.4 (4.0) | 23.4 | 2.4 (1.8) | 37.3 | 6.0 (4.5) |
| 2011 | 34.5 | 4.8 (3.8) | 26.4 | 2.6 | 36.2 | 5.5 |
| 2016 | 31.8 | 4.6 (3.6) | 23.9 | 2.3 (2.1) | 33.2 | 5.2 (4.0) |
| 2019 | 26.5 | 4.1 | 24.6 | 3.2 | 27.2 | 4.5 |
Fertility data as of 2011 (DHS Program):[28]
| Region | Total fertility rate | Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant | Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tigray | 4.6 | 7.2 | 6.4 |
| Afar | 5.0 | 9.9 | 7.3 |
| Amhara | 4.2 | 4.7 | 6.9 |
| Oromiya | 5.6 | 8.3 | 7.1 |
| Somali | 7.1 | 12.4 | 7.9 |
| Benishangul-Gumuz | 5.2 | 10.2 | 6.6 |
| SNNP | 4.9 | 9.3 | 7.3 |
| Gambela | 4.0 | 5.7 | 5.6 |
| Harari | 3.8 | 6.7 | 5.5 |
| Addis Ababa | 1.5 | 3.6 | 3.3 |
| Dire Dawa | 3.4 | 7.2 | 4.8 |
Other demographic statistics edit
Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[29]
- One birth every 9 seconds
- One death every 43 seconds
- One net migrant every 144 minutes
- Net gain of one person every 11 seconds
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook.[30]
Population edit
Ethnic groups edit
Oromo 35.8%, Amhara 24.1%, Somali 7.2%, Tigray 5.7%, Sidama 4.1%, Guragie 2.6%, Welaita 2.3%, Afar 2.2%, Silte 1.3%, Kefficho 1.2%, other 13.5% (2022 est.)
Religions edit
Ethiopian Orthodox 43.8%, Muslim 31.3%, Protestant 22.8%, Catholic 0.7%, traditional 0.6%, other 0.8% (2016 est.)
Age structure edit
- 0-14 years: 38.91% (male 22,821,026/female 22,498,331)
- 15-64 years: 57.55% (male 33,345,764/female 33,672,933)
- 65 years and over: 3.54% (male 1,887,831/female 2,236,827) (2023 est.)
- 0–14 years: 39.81% (male 21,657,152/female 21,381,628)
- 15–24 years: 19.47% (male 10,506,144/female 10,542,128)
- 25–54 years: 32.92% (male 17,720,540/female 17,867,298)
- 55–64 years: 4.42% (male 2,350,606/female 2,433,319)
- 65 years and over: 3.38% (male 1,676,478/female 1,977,857) (2020 est.)
- 0–14 years: 43.21% (male 23,494,593 /female 23,336,508)
- 15–24 years: 20.18% (male 10,857,968 /female 11,011,100)
- 25–54 years: 29.73% (male 15,978,384 /female 16,247,086)
- 55–64 years: 3.92% (male 2,059,129 /female 2,185,814)
- 65 years and over: 2.97% (male 1,445,547 /female 1,770,262) (2018 est.)
- 0–14 years: 43.94% (male 21,900,571/female 21,809,643)
- 15–24 years: 19.98% (male 9,865,976/female 10,009,596)
- 25–54 years: 29.31% (male 14,487,280/female 14,667,179)
- 55–64 years: 3.88% (male 1,882,315/female 1,981,762)
- 65 years and over: 2.88% (male 1,289,336/female 1,572,161) (2015 est.)
Population growth rate edit
- 2.42% (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 25th
- 2.46% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 25th
- 2.83% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 11th
- 2.89% (2015 est.)
Birth rate edit
- 29.97 births/1,000 population (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 29th
- 30.49 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 29th
- 36 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 17th
- 37.27 births/1,000 population (2015 est.)
Death rate edit
- 5.6 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 176rd
- 5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 173rd
- 7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 110th
- 8.19 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.)
Total fertility rate edit
- 3.92 children born/woman (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 27th
- 3.99 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 28th
- 4.91 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 15th
- 5.15 children born/woman (2015 est.)
Median age edit
- total: 19.8 years. Country comparison to the world: 197th
- male: 19.6 years
- female: 20.1 years (2020 est.)
- total: 18 years. Country comparison to the world: 213rd
- male: 17.8 years
- female: 18.2 years (2018 est.)
- total: 17.7 years
- male: 17.5 years
- female: 17.8 years (2015 est.)
Net migration rate edit
- -0.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.) Country comparison to the world: 109th
- -0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 107th
Mother's mean age at first birth edit
- 19.3 years (2019 est.)
- note: median age at first birth among women 20–49
- 20 years (2016 est.)
- note: median age at first birth among women 25–29
Contraceptive prevalence rate edit
- 37.7% (2020)
- 36.5% (2017)
Urbanization edit
- urban population: 23.2% of total population (2023)
- rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2020–25 est.)
- urban population: 20.8% of total population (2018)
- rate of urbanization: 4.63% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)
- urban population: 19.5% of total population (2015)
- rate of urbanization: 4.89% annual rate of change (2010–15 est.)
Dependency ratios edit
- total dependency ratio: 75.7 (2021 est.)
- youth dependency ratio: 70.2 (2021 est.)
- elderly dependency ratio: 5.5 (2021 est.)
- potential support ratio: 18.1 (2021 est.)
Sex ratio edit
- at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
- 0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
Life expectancy at birth edit
- total population: 68.59 years. Country comparison to the world: 183rd
- male: 66.43 years
- female: 70.81 years (2023 est.)
- total population: 63 years
- male: 60.5 years
- female: 65.5 years (2018 est.)
- total population: 61.48 years
- male: 59.11 years
- female: 63.93 years (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS edit
- adult prevalence rate: 1.15%
- people living with HIV/AIDS: 730,300
- deaths: 23,400 (2014 est.)
Literacy edit
- definition: age 15 and over can read and write
- total population: 51.8%
- male: 57.2%
- female: 44.4% (2017)
- total population: 49.1%
- male: 57.2%
- female: 41.1% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) edit
- total: 8 years (2012)
- male: 9 years (2012)
- female: 8 years (2012)
Major infectious diseases edit
- degree of risk: very high (2023)
- food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
- vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
- water contact diseases: schistosomiasis
- animal contact diseases: rabies
- respiratory diseases: meningococcal meningitis
note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Ethiopia is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine
Unemployment, youth ages 15–24 edit
- total: 5,7 % (2021 est.)
- male: 4.4 % (2021 est.)
- female: 7.2 % (2021 est.)
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ a b c "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ^ a b (PDF). Summary and Statistical Report of the 2007 Population and Housing Census Results. Population Census Commission. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
- ^ . Time Europe. 9 August 1926. Archived from the original on 6 February 2004. Retrieved 5 June 2005.
- ^ "Ethiopia: Targeting the Anuak: Background and Context". www.hrw.org. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ "SNNPR". Ethiopia Peace Observatory.
- ^ "Glottolog 4.8 - Languages of Ethiopia". glottolog.org. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
- ^ "Languages of Ethiopia". Ethnologue. SIL International. Archived from the original on 18 March 2017. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
- ^ Yigezu, Moges (2012). Language Ideologies and Challenges of Multilingual Education in Ethiopia. African Books Collective. p. 143. ISBN 978-99944-55-47-8.
- ^ a b "ETHIOPIA TO ADD 4 MORE OFFICIAL LANGUAGES TO FOSTER UNITY". Ventures Africa. Ventures. 4 March 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
- ^ a b . Nazret. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
- ^ a b Shaban, Abdurahman. . Africa News. Archived from the original on 15 December 2020. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
- ^ "Ethiopia Population 2019", World Population Review, 18 April 2022
- ^ . www.thearda.com. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
- ^ (PDF). 14 February 2012. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ . Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
- ^ "Explore All Countries – Ethiopia". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
landlocked – entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; Ethiopia is, therefore, the most populous landlocked country in the world
- ^ "Population, total | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
- ^ Clarence-Smith, W.G. (1989) The Economics of the Indian Ocean Slave Trade in the Nineteenth Century. p. 100. ISBN 0-7146-3359-3
- ^ "IFs Forecast – Version 7.00 – Google Public Data Explorer". Retrieved 24 October 2015.
- ^ "National Accounts Estimates of Main Aggregates". The United Nations Statistics Division. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
- ^ a b "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
- ^ https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics>
- ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
- ^ a b "World Population Prospects: The 2022 Revision".
- ^ . 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. CSA. 13 July 2010. Archived from the original on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ^ "MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys". Microdata.worldbank.org. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
- ^ "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
- ^ "Ethiopia Population 2022", World Population Review, 2022
- ^ This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: "The World FactBook – Ethiopia", The World Factbook, 12 July 2018
Attribution
- This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2024 ed.). CIA. (Archived 2006 edition.)