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Agaw languages

The Agaw or Central Cushitic languages are Afro-Asiatic languages spoken by several groups in Ethiopia and, in one case, Eritrea. They form the main substratum influence on Amharic and other Ethiopian Semitic languages.[1]

Agaw
Central Cushitic
EthnicityAgaw
Geographic
distribution
Ethiopia and central Eritrea
Linguistic classificationAfro-Asiatic
Subdivisions
Glottologcent2193

Classification edit

The Central Cushitic languages are classified as follows (after Appleyard):

  • Awngi (South Agaw) spoken southwest of Lake Tana, much the largest, with over 350,000 speakers
(Kunfal, spoken west of Lake Tana, is poorly recorded but most likely a dialect of Awngi)[2]
  • Northern Agaw:
  • Bilen–Xamtanga:
(dialects Qwara – nearly extinct, spoken by Beta Israel formerly living in Qwara, now in Israel; Kayla – extinct, formerly spoken by some Beta Israel, transitional between Qimant and Xamtanga)

There is a literature in Agaw but it is widely dispersed: from medieval texts containing passages in the Qimant language, now mostly in Israeli museums, to the modern Bilen language with its own newspaper, based in Keren, Eritrea. Historical material is also available in the Xamtanga language, and there is a deep tradition of folklore in the Awngi language.

Phonology edit

Central Cushitic languages are characterised by the presence of /ŋ/, /ɣ/, /z/, and central vowels, while they lack ejectives, implosives, pharyngeals, consonant gemination, vowel length, and the consonant /ɲ/.[3]

See also edit

  • Agaw people
  • List of Proto-Agaw reconstructions (Wiktionary)

Bibliography edit

  • Appleyard, David L. (2006) A Comparative Dictionary of the Agaw Languages (Kuschitische Sprachstudien – Cushitic Language Studies Band 24). Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
  • Hetzron, Robert (1976) The Agaw Languages. Afroasiatic Linguistics 3,3. p. 31–37
  • Joswig, Andreas and Hussein Mohammed (2011). A Sociolinguistic Survey Report; Revisiting the Southern Agaw Language areas of Ethiopia. SIL International. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2011-047.

References edit

  1. ^ Hetzron (1976, p. 5)
  2. ^ Joswig/Mohammed (2011)
  3. ^ Zelealem, [Mollaligne] Leyew. 2020. Central Cushitic. In: Rainer Vossen and Gerrit J. Dimmendaal (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of African Languages. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

agaw, languages, agaw, central, cushitic, languages, afro, asiatic, languages, spoken, several, groups, ethiopia, case, eritrea, they, form, main, substratum, influence, amharic, other, ethiopian, semitic, languages, agawcentral, cushiticethnicityagawgeographi. The Agaw or Central Cushitic languages are Afro Asiatic languages spoken by several groups in Ethiopia and in one case Eritrea They form the main substratum influence on Amharic and other Ethiopian Semitic languages 1 AgawCentral CushiticEthnicityAgawGeographicdistributionEthiopia and central EritreaLinguistic classificationAfro AsiaticCushiticAgawSubdivisionsAwngi Bilen Qimant XamtangaGlottologcent2193 Contents 1 Classification 2 Phonology 3 See also 4 Bibliography 5 ReferencesClassification editThe Central Cushitic languages are classified as follows after Appleyard Awngi South Agaw spoken southwest of Lake Tana much the largest with over 350 000 speakers Kunfal spoken west of Lake Tana is poorly recorded but most likely a dialect of Awngi 2 Northern Agaw Bilen Xamtanga Bilen North spoken 70 000 speakers in Eritrea around the town of Keren and eastern Sudan around the town of Kassala Xamtanga Central Agaw also called Khamir Khamta 143 000 speakers in the North Amhara RegionQimant Western Agaw nearly extinct spoken by the Qemant in Semien Gondar Zone dialects Qwara nearly extinct spoken by Beta Israel formerly living in Qwara now in Israel Kayla extinct formerly spoken by some Beta Israel transitional between Qimant and Xamtanga dd There is a literature in Agaw but it is widely dispersed from medieval texts containing passages in the Qimant language now mostly in Israeli museums to the modern Bilen language with its own newspaper based in Keren Eritrea Historical material is also available in the Xamtanga language and there is a deep tradition of folklore in the Awngi language Phonology editCentral Cushitic languages are characterised by the presence of ŋ ɣ z and central vowels while they lack ejectives implosives pharyngeals consonant gemination vowel length and the consonant ɲ 3 See also editAgaw people List of Proto Agaw reconstructions Wiktionary Bibliography editAppleyard David L 2006 A Comparative Dictionary of the Agaw Languages Kuschitische Sprachstudien Cushitic Language Studies Band 24 Koln Rudiger Koppe Verlag Hetzron Robert 1976 The Agaw Languages Afroasiatic Linguistics 3 3 p 31 37 Joswig Andreas and Hussein Mohammed 2011 A Sociolinguistic Survey Report Revisiting the Southern Agaw Language areas of Ethiopia SIL International SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2011 047 References edit Hetzron 1976 p 5 Joswig Mohammed 2011 Zelealem Mollaligne Leyew 2020 Central Cushitic In Rainer Vossen and Gerrit J Dimmendaal eds The Oxford Handbook of African Languages Oxford Oxford University Press This Afroasiatic languages related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Agaw languages amp oldid 1172941261, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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