Emperor Guangzong of Song (30 September 1147 – 17 September 1200), personal name Zhao Dun, was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty.
He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Xiaozong. His mother was Emperor Xiaozong's first wife, Lady Guo (郭氏; 1126–1156), who was posthumously honoured as "Empress Chengmu" (成穆皇后). His reign was relatively peaceful, but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong.
During his childhood, Guangzong either suffered from bipolar or severe neurosis.[1] Despite this, Guangzong was reportedly filial to his father albeit his father kept on delaying the succession.[2]
In 1194, he was promoted from the ruler of a Zhou to Fu.
Emperor Xiaozong abdicated in favor of Emperor Guangzong in 1194 which Emperor Guangzong later described his crowning as king and then Emperor Guangzong as a "double celebration" which gave the city of Chongqing its present-day name in honour of Guangzong.
Reignedit
Upon the succession of Emperor Guangzong in 1189, it was actually suggested that Empress Dowager Wu would act as his regent, because of his bad health.[3] However, during his reign, it was the spouse of Guangzong who de facto ruled the Song Empire.[3]
Guangzong constantly accompanied his father in tours and banquets.[2] This changed due to the enormous influence of his wife Empress Li Fengniang became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife.[3] Eventually, Guangzong made up excuses in order to avoid his father.[2]
According to Xu Wei, the Nanxi style of theatre began in Emperor Guangzong's reign. Guangzong listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji. Furthermore, Guangzong gave into drinking in his middle years which deteriorated his mental state.[1][2]
He was forced to give up his throne to Zhao Kuo, his only surviving son and child in 1194 by his officials and his grandmother, Grand Empress Dowager Wu under the reason that he was "too ill" to perform the mourning rites.[2] In reality, they had forced him to abdicate because he refused to attend the funeral procession of his father, Emperor Xiaozong due to the influence of his wife Empress Li Fengniang, and that he refused to wear mourning clothes making the officials angry about his lack of filial piety.[2] He died in 1200 near Shaoxing, Zhejiang possibly from melancholy as he was mentally ill or he became sick and died.[4]
Familyedit
Consorts and Issue:
Empress Ciyi, of the Li clan (慈懿皇后 李氏; 1144–1200), personal name Fengniang (鳳娘)
emperor, guangzong, song, september, 1147, september, 1200, personal, name, zhao, 12th, emperor, song, dynasty, china, third, emperor, southern, song, dynasty, 宋光宗palace, portrait, hanging, scroll, kept, national, palace, museum, taipei, taiwanemperor, song, d. Emperor Guangzong of Song 30 September 1147 17 September 1200 personal name Zhao Dun was the 12th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the third emperor of the Southern Song dynasty Emperor Guangzong of Song 宋光宗Palace portrait on a hanging scroll kept in the National Palace Museum Taipei TaiwanEmperor of the Song dynastyReign18 February 1189 24 July 1194 a Coronation18 February 1189PredecessorEmperor XiaozongSuccessorEmperor NingzongBornZhao Dun 趙惇 30 September 1147 a Died17 September 1200 1200 09 17 aged 52 BurialYongchong Mausoleum 永崇陵 in present day Shaoxing Zhejiang ConsortsEmpress Ciyi died 1200 wbr IssueEmperor NingzongEra datesShaoxi 紹熙 1190 1194 Posthumous nameEmperor Xundao Xianren Minggong Maode Wenwen Shunwu Shengzhe Cixiao 循道憲仁明功茂德溫文順武聖哲慈孝皇帝 Temple nameGuangzong 光宗 HouseZhaoDynastySong Southern Song FatherEmperor XiaozongMotherEmpress ChengmuEmperor Guangzong of SongChinese宋光宗Literal meaning Bright Ancestor of the Song TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinSong GuangzōngWade GilesSung KuangtsungIPA sʊ ŋ kwa ŋ tsʊ ŋ Zhao DunTraditional Chinese趙惇Simplified Chinese赵惇TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhao DunWade GilesChao TunIPA ʈʂa ʊ twe n In this Chinese name the family name is Zhao He was the third son of his predecessor Emperor Xiaozong His mother was Emperor Xiaozong s first wife Lady Guo 郭氏 1126 1156 who was posthumously honoured as Empress Chengmu 成穆皇后 His reign was relatively peaceful but his lack of filial piety eventually made officials replace him with his son Emperor Ningzong Contents 1 Early life 2 Reign 3 Family 4 Ancestry 5 See also 6 ReferencesEarly life editDuring his childhood Guangzong either suffered from bipolar or severe neurosis 1 Despite this Guangzong was reportedly filial to his father albeit his father kept on delaying the succession 2 In 1194 he was promoted from the ruler of a Zhou to Fu Emperor Xiaozong abdicated in favor of Emperor Guangzong in 1194 which Emperor Guangzong later described his crowning as king and then Emperor Guangzong as a double celebration which gave the city of Chongqing its present day name in honour of Guangzong Reign editUpon the succession of Emperor Guangzong in 1189 it was actually suggested that Empress Dowager Wu would act as his regent because of his bad health 3 However during his reign it was the spouse of Guangzong who de facto ruled the Song Empire 3 Guangzong constantly accompanied his father in tours and banquets 2 This changed due to the enormous influence of his wife Empress Li Fengniang became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd and for ruling the state through her husband who became known a henpecked weakling dominated by his wife 3 Eventually Guangzong made up excuses in order to avoid his father 2 According to Xu Wei the Nanxi style of theatre began in Emperor Guangzong s reign Guangzong listened to some treacherous officials and dismissed the popular military leader Xin Qiji Furthermore Guangzong gave into drinking in his middle years which deteriorated his mental state 1 2 When the Retired Emperor Xiaozong became sick Guangzong refused to visit him upsetting Xiaozong and furthermore making Xiaozong s illness worse 2 He was forced to give up his throne to Zhao Kuo his only surviving son and child in 1194 by his officials and his grandmother Grand Empress Dowager Wu under the reason that he was too ill to perform the mourning rites 2 In reality they had forced him to abdicate because he refused to attend the funeral procession of his father Emperor Xiaozong due to the influence of his wife Empress Li Fengniang and that he refused to wear mourning clothes making the officials angry about his lack of filial piety 2 He died in 1200 near Shaoxing Zhejiang possibly from melancholy as he was mentally ill or he became sick and died 4 Family editConsorts and Issue Empress Ciyi of the Li clan 慈懿皇后 李氏 1144 1200 personal name Fengniang 鳳娘 Zhao Ting 趙挺 first son Zhao Kuo Ningzong 寧宗 趙擴 1168 1224 second son Princess Qi an 齊安公主 third daughter Noble Consort of the Huang clan 貴妃 黃氏 d 14 December 1191 unborn child d 1191 Noble Consort of the Zhang clan 贵妃 张氏 Jieyu of the Fu clan 婕妤 符氏 Unknown Princess Wen an 文安公主 first daughter Princess Hezheng 和政公主 second daughterAncestry editZhao ShijiangZhao LinghuaLady LiZhao Zicheng d 1144 Lady LiuEmperor Xiaozong of Song 1127 1194 Lady Zhang d 1167 Emperor Guangzong of Song 1147 1200 Guo RuojieGuo ZhiqingLady CaoGuo JianLady XiaEmpress Chengmu 1126 1156 Lady ZhaoSee also editChinese emperors family tree middle List of emperors of the Song dynasty Architecture of the Song dynasty Culture of the Song dynasty Economy of the Song dynasty History of the Song dynasty Society of the Song dynasty Technology of the Song dynasty Jin Song WarsReferences edit a b Davis Richard L Troubles in Paradise the Shrinking Royal Family in the Southern Song PDF National Palace Museum a b c d e f g Editorial Asiapac 2018 11 27 The Classic of Filial Piety 2013 Edition EPUB Asiapac Books Pte Ltd p 72 ISBN 9789812296733 a b c Lily Xiao Hong Lee Sue Wiles Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women Volume II Tang Through Ming 618 1644 Davis Richard L Troubles in Paradise the Shrinking Royal Family in the Southern Song PDF The National Palace Museum a b Dates given here are in the Julian calendar They are not in the proleptic Gregorian calendar Toqto a et al eds 1343 History of Song Vol 36 Biography of Emperor Guangzong Emperor Guangzong of SongHouse of ZhaoBorn 1147 Died 1200Regnal titlesPreceded byEmperor Xiaozong Emperor of the Song Dynasty1189 1194 Succeeded byEmperor Ningzong Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Emperor Guangzong of Song amp oldid 1181701016, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
