[Elu] is the name by which is known an ancient form of the Sinhala language from which the modern vernacular of Ceylon is immediately received, and to which the latter bears is of the same relation that the English of today bears to Anglo-Saxon...The name Elu is no other than Sinhala much succeeded, standing for an older form, Hĕla or Hĕlu, which occurs in some ancient works, and this again for a still older, Sĕla, which brings us back to the Pali Sîhala.[1]
The Hela Havula are a modern Sri Lankan literary organization that advocate the use of Eḷu terms over Sanskritisms. Eḷu is often referred to by modern Sinhalese as amisra, Sanskrit and Sinhalese term for "unmixed".
A feature of Eḷu is its preference for short vowels, loss of aspiration and the reduction of compound consonants found frequently in other Prakrits such as Pali.
Being a Prakrit, Eḷu is closely related to other Prakrits such as Pali. Indeed, a very large proportion of Eḷu word-stems are identical in form to Pali. The connections were sufficiently well known that technical terms from Pali and Sanskrit were easily converted into Eḷu by a set of conventional phonological transformations. Because of the prevalence of these transformations, it is not always possible to tell whether a given Eḷu word is a part of the old Prakrit lexicon, or a transformed borrowing from Sanskrit.
Vowels and diphthongs
Sanskrit ai and au always monophthongize to Eḷu e and o, respectively
Examples: maitrī → met, auṣadha → osada
Sanskrit avi becomes Eḷu e (i.e. avi → ai → e)
Example: sthavira → thera
Sound changes
Initial ca in Sanskrit and Pali becomes s or h
Examples: canda → sanda, handa
P if not omitted becomes v
Examples: rūpa → ruva, dīpa → diva
The Sanskrit sibilants ś, ṣ, and s merge as Eḷu s
Examples: śaraṇa → saraṇa, doṣa → dosa
The Sanskrit kti becomes ti or vi
Examples: bhakti → bätiya, shakti → saviya
Compound consonants
At the beginning of a word only a single consonant can remain
Examples: dharma → dahama
Examples: prāna → pana
In the middle of a word no group may exceed one consonant
Examples: artha → aruta
Examples: danta → data
List of Elu words with their Sanskrit and Pali equivalents
^Henry Yule; A. C. Burnell; William Crooke (2006), A glossary of colloquial Anglo-Indian words and phrases, Asian Educational Services, p. 344, ISBN0-7007-0321-7
other, uses, disambiguation, eḷu, also, hela, helu, hypothesized, language, middle, indo, aryan, language, prakrit, late, century, ancestral, sinhalese, dhivehi, languages, eḷuheluregionsri, lankaeraevolved, into, sinhalese, dhivehilanguage, familyindo, europe. For other uses see Elu disambiguation Eḷu also Hela or Helu is a hypothesized language Middle Indo Aryan language or Prakrit of the late 2nd century BCE It is ancestral to the Sinhalese and Dhivehi languages EḷuHeluRegionSri LankaEraEvolved into Sinhalese and DhivehiLanguage familyIndo European Indo IranianIndo AryanEḷuLanguage codesISO 639 3 GlottologNoneR C Childers in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society states Elu is the name by which is known an ancient form of the Sinhala language from which the modern vernacular of Ceylon is immediately received and to which the latter bears is of the same relation that the English of today bears to Anglo Saxon The name Elu is no other than Sinhala much succeeded standing for an older form Hĕla or Hĕlu which occurs in some ancient works and this again for a still older Sĕla which brings us back to the Pali Sihala 1 The Pali scholar Thomas William Rhys Davids refers to Eḷu as the Prakrit of Ceylon 2 The Hela Havula are a modern Sri Lankan literary organization that advocate the use of Eḷu terms over Sanskritisms Eḷu is often referred to by modern Sinhalese as amisra Sanskrit and Sinhalese term for unmixed A feature of Eḷu is its preference for short vowels loss of aspiration and the reduction of compound consonants found frequently in other Prakrits such as Pali Contents 1 Eḷu in comparison with Pali and Sanskrit 1 1 Vowels and diphthongs 1 2 Sound changes 1 3 Compound consonants 2 List of Elu words with their Sanskrit and Pali equivalents 3 References 4 See alsoEḷu in comparison with Pali and Sanskrit EditBeing a Prakrit Eḷu is closely related to other Prakrits such as Pali Indeed a very large proportion of Eḷu word stems are identical in form to Pali The connections were sufficiently well known that technical terms from Pali and Sanskrit were easily converted into Eḷu by a set of conventional phonological transformations Because of the prevalence of these transformations it is not always possible to tell whether a given Eḷu word is a part of the old Prakrit lexicon or a transformed borrowing from Sanskrit Vowels and diphthongs Edit Sanskrit ai and au always monophthongize to Eḷu e and o respectivelyExamples maitri met auṣadha osada dd Sanskrit avi becomes Eḷu e i e avi ai e Example sthavira thera dd Sound changes Edit Initial ca in Sanskrit and Pali becomes s or hExamples canda sanda handa dd P if not omitted becomes vExamples rupa ruva dipa diva dd The Sanskrit sibilants s ṣ and s merge as Eḷu sExamples saraṇa saraṇa doṣa dosa dd The Sanskrit kti becomes ti or viExamples bhakti batiya shakti saviya dd Compound consonants Edit At the beginning of a word only a single consonant can remain Examples dharma dahama Examples prana pana dd In the middle of a word no group may exceed one consonant Examples artha aruta Examples danta data dd List of Elu words with their Sanskrit and Pali equivalents EditElu Sanskrit Pali Englishasa akṣi akkhi eyeadara adara adara respectaga agra agga end chief principalahasa akasa akasa skyakosa akrōsa akkosa insult abuseakmana akramana akkamana attackaksuma akṣama intolerance impatienceakura akṣara akkhara letter of the alphabetanada ananda ananda blissaruta artha attha meaningasuna asana asana seatata hasta hattha handatuna antra anta intestinebambu brahma brahma Brahmabambura barbara babbhara barbarianbamuna brahmaṇa brahmaṇa Brahmanbasa bhaṣa bhasa languagebima bhumi bhumi landbubula budbuda bubbula bubbleboduna bhōjana bhojana foodbodu bauddha bodha Buddhistbōsat bōdhisattva bodhisatta Bodhisattvadahama dam dharma dhamma Dharmadata danta danta toothdala jala jala Net device devola devalaya devalaya templediga digu dirgha digha longdiva jihva jivha tonguediviya jivita jivita lifedudana dujana durjana dujjana wicked maliciousdujana durjanaya wicked persondukata duṣkṛta wicked deeddulaba durlabha dullabha rareduma dhuma dhuma smokedupa dhupa dhupa incensegama grama gama villagegata gatra gatta bodygatakura gatrakṣara consonantkana karṇa kanna earkaruva kara personketa kṣetra khetta fieldkiḍa kriḍa sportkila kila kila sportkinu kṛṣṇa darkkilu kliṣṭa kiliṭṭha dirtykiluTu kliṣṭa kiliṭṭha dirtykiri kṣira khira milkkumara kumaraka kumara son princekumari kumari kumari girl princesskuriru krura kurura cruellaka laṅka laṅka Sri Lankalassana lakṣaṇa lakkhana beautifullova lōka loka worldmaga marga magga waymagula maṅgala maṅgala marriagematura mantra manta incantationmada madhyama madhya majjha middlemitura mitra mitta friendmugalan moggallana mogallanamudu mṛdu mudu softmuwa mukha mukha mouthmadura mandira mandira palacemula mula mula originnaba nabhi nabhi navelnava nauka nava shipnetra netta eyenidana nidhana nidhana treasurenimala nirmala nimmala purenipana niṣpanna productionnivana nirvaṇa nibbana Nirvananuvara nagara nagara citypabala prabala pabala mightypamana pramana pamana amountparapura parampara generationpanaya prasna panha problem questionpava papa papa sinpavasa pipasa pipasam thirstparana puraṇa puraṇa oldparusa paruṣa pharusa harshpasana prasanna pasanna pleasantpasala paṭhasala paṭasala schoolpavaruna prakaraṇa treatisepatuma prarthana wish hopepedesa pradesa countrypema prema pema lovepiduma puja puja offeringpina punya punya meritpokuna puṣkariṇi pokkhariṇi pondposon purva sravaṇa pubba savana name of a month pota pustaka pottaka bookpun pura purṇa punna fullpupa puṣpa puppha flowerputa putra putta sonpuva purva pubba former priorpuvata pravṛtti pavatti newsrada rajan raja kingrakusa rakṣasa rakkhasa demonratu rat raktaka ratta redrasa rasmi rasmi rayraya ratri ratti nightruka vṛkṣa rukkha treeruva rupa rupa shape formsangamit sanghamitra sangamittasanda candra canda moonsamuni sakyamuni sakyamunisena sena armysidura chidr chidda hole gap spacesirura sarira sarira bodysoyura sohowura sahōdara sodariya brothersonduru sundara sundara beautifulsupina svapna supina dreamsupun sampurṇa sampunna completeteda teja magnificencetavasa tapasa hermittisula trisula Trishula trident utura uttara uttara northvakiya vakya Sentencevesak vaiṣakha Visakha Vesakveses viseṣa visesa specialviyarana vyakarana grammaryaka yakṣa yakkha yakshayatura yantra yanta machineyiva jiva jiva lifeReferences Edit Henry Yule A C Burnell William Crooke 2006 A glossary of colloquial Anglo Indian words and phrases Asian Educational Services p 344 ISBN 0 7007 0321 7 Rhys Davids Thomas William 2007 Buddhist India T W Press ISBN 978 1406756326 See also EditLinguistic history of the Indian subcontinent Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Elu amp oldid 1131243859, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
