fbpx
Wikipedia

Edmund Ware Sinnott

January 08, 2023

Edmund Ware Sinnott (February 5, 1888–January 6, 1968) was an American botanist and educator. Sinnott is best known for his work in plant morphology.

Edmund Ware Sinnott
Sinnott in 1947.
Born(1888-02-05)February 5, 1888
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
DiedJanuary 6, 1968(1968-01-06) (aged 79)
New Haven, Connecticut, United States
NationalityAmerican
Alma materHarvard University
Occupation(s)Botanist
Educator

Career

Sinnott received his Bachelor of Arts (1908), Master of Arts (1910), and Doctor of Philosophy (1913), all from Harvard University. During his freshman year of college, he lived in Stoughton Hall. Sinnott studied in Australia with Arthur Johnson Eames from 1910-1911. Upon graduation, he became an instructor at Harvard, and worked with I. W. Bailey, the anatomist. From 1915-1928, he was at the Connecticut Agricultural College at Storrs, becoming Professor of Botany and Genetics. From 1928-1939, he was Professor of Botany at Barnard College, where he helped refurbish the Arthur Ross Greenhouse, and chair of the Botany Department at Columbia University (1939-1940). In 1940, he moved to Yale University to become Sterling Professor of Botany, chair of the Botany Department (1940-1956), director of the Marsh Botanical Garden (1940-1950), dean of the Graduate School (1950-1956) and director of Sheffield Scientific School (1945-1956).

He was also made editor of the American Journal of Botany, member of the National Academy of Sciences, and president of the Botanical Society of America, the American Society of Naturalists and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

He was the co-author of the textbook Principles of Genetics (1925) which received positive reviews.[1][2][3][4]

Throughout his life, Sinnott was a prolific author; he wrote ninety scientific articles and many textbooks. Sinnott contributed to the field of Colonial and early American Architecture with his book Meetinghouse & Church in Early New England (1963), with photographs by Jerauld Manter.

In his teaching, Sinnott stressed the idea of scientific discovery and the importance of making careful measurements and correctly interpreting data. He endeavored to explain the organism as an integrated whole from the sum of its parts, processes and history.

He retired in 1956 and died in New Haven in 1968.

Philosophy

Sinnott was a proponent of organicism and a critic of reductionism.[5][6] He held that view that life is goal directed and purposive.[7][8]

In his book Biology of Spirit (1955) he used the term Telism which he defined as "the philosophy of goals-a belief that what is important is not the push and drive of a living system but the drawing power of a goal, conscious or unconscious, that in some is established in it". His philosophy was compared by critics to a form of vitalism.[9][10] Others such as George Gaylord Simpson claimed Sinnott was promoting a theological version of orthogenesis.[11][12]

He rejected both dualism and materialistic monism for his own philosophy which was described by a reviewer as idealistic monism. He argued for the existence of an impersonal God which he described as a purposive organizing agent.[13][14] He was criticized by Leo Koch for making metaphysical statements in his science books, he stated for example "The Principle of Organization is far more than a scientific concept. It states a belief that there is operating in the universe a something that leads to spirit; something that is spirit."[9]

In his book Cell and Psyche (1950) he argued that mind and matter are two aspects of the same phenomenon and that purpose exists in all organisms as it is built into the genotype and the protoplasm.[15]

Publications

  • Botany, Principles and Problems (1923, sixth edition in 1963)
  • Principles of Genetics (1925, third edition in 1934)
  • Laboratory Manual for Elementary Botany (1927)
  • Cell and Psyche (1950)
  • Two Roads to Truth (1953)
  • The Biology of the Spirit (1955)
  • Life and Mind (1956)
  • Matter, Mind, and Man (1957)
  • Plant Morphogenesis (1960)
  • The Bridge of Life: From Matter to Spirit (1966)
The standard author abbreviation Sinnott is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[16]

References

  1. ^ Caspari, Ernst. (1950). Principles of Genetics by Edmund W. Sinnott, L. C. Dunn, Th. Dobzhansky. Science . New Series, Vol. 112, No. 2920. p. 725.
  2. ^ Colin, Edward C. (1952). Principles of Genetics by Edmund W. Sinnott, L. C. Dunn, Th. Dobzhansky. The American Biology Teacher. Vol. 14, No. 4. p. 101.
  3. ^ Fogel, S; Herskowitz, I. H. (1952). Principles of Genetics by Edmund W. Sinnott, L. C. Dunn, Th. Dobzhansky. The Quarterly Review of Biology. Vol. 27, No. 2. pp. 210-211.
  4. ^ Sobels, F. H. (1959). Principles of Genetics by Edmund Sinnott, L. C. Dunn, Theodosius Dobzhansky. The Quarterly Review of Biology. Vol. 34, No. 2. p. 151.
  5. ^ Miller, David L. (1958). Sinnott's Philosophy of Purpose. The Review of Metaphysics. Vol. 11, No. 4. pp. 637-647.
  6. ^ Stiernotte, Alfred P. (1959). Sinnott's Philosophy of Organism. The Review of Metaphysics. Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 654-661.
  7. ^ Oppenheimer, Jane. (1956). Biology of the Spirit by Edmund W. Sinnott. American Scientist. Vol. 44, No. 1. p. 70.
  8. ^ Sachs, Roy M. (1968). The Bridge of Life: From Matter to Spirit by Edmund W. Sinnott. The Quarterly Review of Biology. Vol. 43, No. 2. pp. 185-186.
  9. ^ a b Koch, Leo Francis. (1957). Vitalistic-Mechanistic Controversy. The Scientific Monthly. Vol. 85, No. 5. pp. 245-255.
  10. ^ Dobzhansky, Theodosius; Hecht, Max K; Steere, William C. (1968). Evolutionary Biology, Volume 2. Plenum Press. pp. 4-5. ISBN 978-1-4684-8096-2
  11. ^ Simpson, George Gaylord. (1964). Evolutionary Theology: The New Mysticism. In This View of Life: The World of an Evolutionist. Harcourt, Brace & World. pp. 213-233
  12. ^ Beatty, John. (2008). Chance Variation and Evolutionary Contingency: Darwin, Simpson, The Simpsons, and Gould. In Michael Ruse. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Biology. Oxford University Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-19-518205-7
  13. ^ McCrady, Edward. (1956). The Biology of the Spirit by Edmund W. Sinnott. The Sewanee Review. Vol. 64, No. 1. pp. 136-144.
  14. ^ Swanson, C. P. (1956). The Biology of the Spirit by Edmund W. Sinnott. The Quarterly Review of Biology. Vol. 31, No. 2. p. 120.
  15. ^ Glass, Bentley. (1952). Cell and Psyche: The Biology of Purpose by Edmund W. Sinnott. The Quarterly Review of Biology. Vol. 27, No. 1. p. 62.
  16. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Sinnott.

External links

  • A chronology of Sinnott's career.
  • National Academy of Science's Biography
  • Edmund Ware Sinnott papers (MS 452). Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library. [1]

January 08, 2023
edmund, ware, sinnott, february, 1888, january, 1968, american, botanist, educator, sinnott, best, known, work, plant, morphology, sinnott, 1947, born, 1888, february, 1888cambridge, massachusetts, united, statesdiedjanuary, 1968, 1968, aged, haven, connecticu. Edmund Ware Sinnott February 5 1888 January 6 1968 was an American botanist and educator Sinnott is best known for his work in plant morphology Edmund Ware SinnottSinnott in 1947 Born 1888 02 05 February 5 1888Cambridge Massachusetts United StatesDiedJanuary 6 1968 1968 01 06 aged 79 New Haven Connecticut United StatesNationalityAmericanAlma materHarvard UniversityOccupation s BotanistEducator Contents 1 Career 2 Philosophy 3 Publications 4 References 5 External linksCareer EditSinnott received his Bachelor of Arts 1908 Master of Arts 1910 and Doctor of Philosophy 1913 all from Harvard University During his freshman year of college he lived in Stoughton Hall Sinnott studied in Australia with Arthur Johnson Eames from 1910 1911 Upon graduation he became an instructor at Harvard and worked with I W Bailey the anatomist From 1915 1928 he was at the Connecticut Agricultural College at Storrs becoming Professor of Botany and Genetics From 1928 1939 he was Professor of Botany at Barnard College where he helped refurbish the Arthur Ross Greenhouse and chair of the Botany Department at Columbia University 1939 1940 In 1940 he moved to Yale University to become Sterling Professor of Botany chair of the Botany Department 1940 1956 director of the Marsh Botanical Garden 1940 1950 dean of the Graduate School 1950 1956 and director of Sheffield Scientific School 1945 1956 He was also made editor of the American Journal of Botany member of the National Academy of Sciences and president of the Botanical Society of America the American Society of Naturalists and the American Association for the Advancement of Science He was the co author of the textbook Principles of Genetics 1925 which received positive reviews 1 2 3 4 Throughout his life Sinnott was a prolific author he wrote ninety scientific articles and many textbooks Sinnott contributed to the field of Colonial and early American Architecture with his book Meetinghouse amp Church in Early New England 1963 with photographs by Jerauld Manter In his teaching Sinnott stressed the idea of scientific discovery and the importance of making careful measurements and correctly interpreting data He endeavored to explain the organism as an integrated whole from the sum of its parts processes and history He retired in 1956 and died in New Haven in 1968 Philosophy EditSinnott was a proponent of organicism and a critic of reductionism 5 6 He held that view that life is goal directed and purposive 7 8 In his book Biology of Spirit 1955 he used the term Telism which he defined as the philosophy of goals a belief that what is important is not the push and drive of a living system but the drawing power of a goal conscious or unconscious that in some is established in it His philosophy was compared by critics to a form of vitalism 9 10 Others such as George Gaylord Simpson claimed Sinnott was promoting a theological version of orthogenesis 11 12 He rejected both dualism and materialistic monism for his own philosophy which was described by a reviewer as idealistic monism He argued for the existence of an impersonal God which he described as a purposive organizing agent 13 14 He was criticized by Leo Koch for making metaphysical statements in his science books he stated for example The Principle of Organization is far more than a scientific concept It states a belief that there is operating in the universe a something that leads to spirit something that is spirit 9 In his book Cell and Psyche 1950 he argued that mind and matter are two aspects of the same phenomenon and that purpose exists in all organisms as it is built into the genotype and the protoplasm 15 Publications EditBotany Principles and Problems 1923 sixth edition in 1963 Principles of Genetics 1925 third edition in 1934 Laboratory Manual for Elementary Botany 1927 Cell and Psyche 1950 Two Roads to Truth 1953 The Biology of the Spirit 1955 Life and Mind 1956 Matter Mind and Man 1957 Plant Morphogenesis 1960 The Bridge of Life From Matter to Spirit 1966 The standard author abbreviation Sinnott is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name 16 References Edit Caspari Ernst 1950 Principles of Genetics by Edmund W Sinnott L C Dunn Th Dobzhansky Science New Series Vol 112 No 2920 p 725 Colin Edward C 1952 Principles of Genetics by Edmund W Sinnott L C Dunn Th Dobzhansky The American Biology Teacher Vol 14 No 4 p 101 Fogel S Herskowitz I H 1952 Principles of Genetics by Edmund W Sinnott L C Dunn Th Dobzhansky The Quarterly Review of Biology Vol 27 No 2 pp 210 211 Sobels F H 1959 Principles of Genetics by Edmund Sinnott L C Dunn Theodosius Dobzhansky The Quarterly Review of Biology Vol 34 No 2 p 151 Miller David L 1958 Sinnott s Philosophy of Purpose The Review of Metaphysics Vol 11 No 4 pp 637 647 Stiernotte Alfred P 1959 Sinnott s Philosophy of Organism The Review of Metaphysics Vol 12 No 4 pp 654 661 Oppenheimer Jane 1956 Biology of the Spirit by Edmund W Sinnott American Scientist Vol 44 No 1 p 70 Sachs Roy M 1968 The Bridge of Life From Matter to Spirit by Edmund W Sinnott The Quarterly Review of Biology Vol 43 No 2 pp 185 186 a b Koch Leo Francis 1957 Vitalistic Mechanistic Controversy The Scientific Monthly Vol 85 No 5 pp 245 255 Dobzhansky Theodosius Hecht Max K Steere William C 1968 Evolutionary Biology Volume 2 Plenum Press pp 4 5 ISBN 978 1 4684 8096 2 Simpson George Gaylord 1964 Evolutionary Theology The New Mysticism In This View of Life The World of an Evolutionist Harcourt Brace amp World pp 213 233 Beatty John 2008 Chance Variation and Evolutionary Contingency Darwin Simpson The Simpsons and Gould In Michael Ruse The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Biology Oxford University Press p 196 ISBN 978 0 19 518205 7 McCrady Edward 1956 The Biology of the Spirit by Edmund W Sinnott The Sewanee Review Vol 64 No 1 pp 136 144 Swanson C P 1956 The Biology of the Spirit by Edmund W Sinnott The Quarterly Review of Biology Vol 31 No 2 p 120 Glass Bentley 1952 Cell and Psyche The Biology of Purpose by Edmund W Sinnott The Quarterly Review of Biology Vol 27 No 1 p 62 International Plant Names Index Sinnott External links EditA chronology of Sinnott s career National Academy of Science s Biography Edmund Ware Sinnott papers MS 452 Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Edmund Ware Sinnott amp oldid 1097666395, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.