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Dodecane

October 19, 2023

Not to be confused with Dodecahedrane.

Dodecane (also known as dihexyl, bihexyl, adakane 12, or duodecane) is an oily liquid n-alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C12H26 (which has 355 isomers).

Dodecane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Dodecane[1]
Identifiers
  • 112-40-3 Y
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
1697175
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:28817 Y
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL30959 Y
ChemSpider
  • 7890 Y
DrugBank
  • DB02771 Y
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.607
EC Number
  • 203-967-9
201408
KEGG
  • C08374 Y
MeSH n-dodecane
  • 8182
RTECS number
  • JR2125000
UNII
  • 11A386X1QH Y
  • DTXSID0026913
  • InChI=1S/C12H26/c1-3-5-7-9-11-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-12H2,1-2H3 Y
    Key: SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • CCCCCCCCCCCC
Properties
C12H26
Molar mass 170.340 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Gasoline-like to odorless
Density 0.7495 g mL−1 at 20 °C[2]
Melting point −10.0 to −9.3 °C; 14.1 to 15.2 °F; 263.2 to 263.8 K
Boiling point 214 to 218 °C; 417 to 424 °F; 487 to 491 K
log P 6.821
Vapor pressure 18 Pa (at 25 °C)[3]
1.4 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
1.421
Viscosity 1.34 mPa s
Thermochemistry
376.00 J K−1 mol−1
490.66 J K−1 mol−1
−353.5–−350.7 kJ mol−1
−7901.74 kJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Danger
H304
P301+P310, P331
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Health 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
2
0
Flash point 71 °C (160 °F; 344 K)
205 °C (401 °F; 478 K)
Explosive limits 0.6%
Safety data sheet (SDS) hazard.com
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)

It is used as a solvent, distillation chaser, and scintillator component. It is used as a diluent for tributyl phosphate (TBP) in nuclear reprocessing plants.[4]

Combustion reaction Edit

The combustion reaction of dodecane is as follows:

C12H26(l) + 18.5 O2(g) → 12 CO2(g) + 13 H2O(g)
ΔH° = −7513 kJ

One litre of fuel needs about 15 kg of air to burn (2.6 kg of oxygen), and generates 2.3 kg (or 1.2 m3) of CO2 upon complete combustion.

Jet fuel surrogate Edit

In recent years, n-dodecane has garnered attention as a possible surrogate for kerosene-based fuels such as Jet-A, S-8, and other conventional aviation fuels. It is considered a second-generation fuel surrogate designed to emulate the laminar flame speed, largely supplanting n-decane, primarily due to its higher molecular mass and lower hydrogen-to-carbon ratio which better reflect the n-alkane content of jet fuels.

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ "n-dodecane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
  2. ^ "Dodecane".
  3. ^ "Dodecane".
  4. ^ Rydberg, Jan (2004). Solvent Extraction Principles and Practice. Marcel Dekker. p. 524. ISBN 0-8247-5063-2.

External links Edit

  • Caudwell, D.R.; Trusler, J.P.M.; Vesovic, V.; Wakeham, W.A. (2003-06-16). (PDF). NIST. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-09. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
  • , Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

October 19, 2023
dodecane, confused, with, dodecahedrane, also, known, dihexyl, bihexyl, adakane, duodecane, oily, liquid, alkane, hydrocarbon, with, chemical, formula, c12h26, which, isomers, namespreferred, iupac, name, identifierscas, number, model, jsmol, interactive, imag. Not to be confused with Dodecahedrane Dodecane also known as dihexyl bihexyl adakane 12 or duodecane is an oily liquid n alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C12H26 which has 355 isomers Dodecane NamesPreferred IUPAC name Dodecane 1 IdentifiersCAS Number 112 40 3 Y3D model JSmol Interactive imageBeilstein Reference 1697175ChEBI CHEBI 28817 YChEMBL ChEMBL30959 YChemSpider 7890 YDrugBank DB02771 YECHA InfoCard 100 003 607EC Number 203 967 9Gmelin Reference 201408KEGG C08374 YMeSH n dodecanePubChem CID 8182RTECS number JR2125000UNII 11A386X1QH YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID0026913InChI InChI 1S C12H26 c1 3 5 7 9 11 12 10 8 6 4 2 h3 12H2 1 2H3 YKey SNRUBQQJIBEYMU UHFFFAOYSA N YSMILES CCCCCCCCCCCCPropertiesChemical formula C 12H 26Molar mass 170 340 g mol 1Appearance Colorless liquidOdor Gasoline like to odorlessDensity 0 7495 g mL 1 at 20 C 2 Melting point 10 0 to 9 3 C 14 1 to 15 2 F 263 2 to 263 8 KBoiling point 214 to 218 C 417 to 424 F 487 to 491 Klog P 6 821Vapor pressure 18 Pa at 25 C 3 Henry s lawconstant kH 1 4 nmol Pa 1 kg 1Refractive index nD 1 421Viscosity 1 34 mPa sThermochemistryHeat capacity C 376 00 J K 1 mol 1Std molarentropy S 298 490 66 J K 1 mol 1Std enthalpy offormation DfH 298 353 5 350 7 kJ mol 1Std enthalpy ofcombustion DcH 298 7901 74 kJ mol 1HazardsGHS labelling PictogramsSignal word DangerHazard statements H304Precautionary statements P301 P310 P331NFPA 704 fire diamond 120Flash point 71 C 160 F 344 K Autoignitiontemperature 205 C 401 F 478 K Explosive limits 0 6 Safety data sheet SDS hazard comRelated compoundsRelated alkanes UndecaneTridecaneExcept where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Y verify what is Y N Infobox references It is used as a solvent distillation chaser and scintillator component It is used as a diluent for tributyl phosphate TBP in nuclear reprocessing plants 4 Contents 1 Combustion reaction 2 Jet fuel surrogate 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksCombustion reaction EditThe combustion reaction of dodecane is as follows C12H26 l 18 5 O2 g 12 CO2 g 13 H2O g DH 7513 kJOne litre of fuel needs about 15 kg of air to burn 2 6 kg of oxygen and generates 2 3 kg or 1 2 m3 of CO2 upon complete combustion Jet fuel surrogate EditIn recent years n dodecane has garnered attention as a possible surrogate for kerosene based fuels such as Jet A S 8 and other conventional aviation fuels It is considered a second generation fuel surrogate designed to emulate the laminar flame speed largely supplanting n decane primarily due to its higher molecular mass and lower hydrogen to carbon ratio which better reflect the n alkane content of jet fuels See also EditHigher alkanes Kerosene List of isomers of dodecaneReferences Edit n dodecane Compound Summary PubChem Compound USA National Center for Biotechnology Information 16 September 2004 Identification and Related Records Retrieved 4 January 2012 Dodecane Dodecane Rydberg Jan 2004 Solvent Extraction Principles and Practice Marcel Dekker p 524 ISBN 0 8247 5063 2 External links EditCaudwell D R Trusler J P M Vesovic V Wakeham W A 2003 06 16 The Viscosity and Density of n Dodecane and n Octadecane at Pressures up to 200 mPa and Temperatures up to 473 K PDF NIST Archived from the original PDF on 2006 10 09 Retrieved 2007 10 09 Material Safety Data Sheet for Dodecane Dodecane Dr Duke s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dodecane amp oldid 1165825221, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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