Hazard pictograms form part of the international Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). Two sets of pictograms are included within the GHS: one for the labelling of containers and for workplace hazard warnings, and a second for use during the transport of dangerous goods. Either one or the other is chosen, depending on the target audience, but the two are not used together.[1] The two sets of pictograms use the same symbols for the same hazards, although certain symbols are not required for transport pictograms. Transport pictograms come in wider variety of colors and may contain additional information such as a subcategory number.
Hazard pictograms are one of the key elements for the labelling of containers under the GHS, along with:[2]
an identification of the product;
a signal word – either Danger or Warning – where necessary
hazard statements, indicating the nature and degree of the risks posed by the product
precautionary statements, indicating how the product should be handled to minimize risks to the user (as well as to other people and the general environment)
the identity of the supplier (who might be a manufacturer or importer)
The GHS chemical hazard pictograms are intended to provide the basis for or to replace national systems of hazard pictograms. It has still to be implemented by the European Union (CLP regulation) in 2009.
Acute hazards to the aquatic environment, category 1
Chronic hazards to the aquatic environment, categories 1, 2
Environmental toxicity, categories 1, 2
GHS09: Environmental hazard
Acute hazards to the aquatic environment, categories 2, 3
Chronic hazards to the aquatic environment, categories 3, 4
no pictogram required
Transport pictogramsedit
Class 1: Explosivesedit
Pictogram
Usage
Explosives
Division 1.1: Substances and articles which have a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.2: Substances and articles which have a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard
Division 1.3: Substances and articles which have a fire hazard and either a minor blast hazard or a minor projection hazard or both, but not a mass explosion hazard
Note: The asterisks are replaced by the class number and compatibility code
Divisions 1.1–1.3
Explosives – Substances and articles which are classified as explosives but which present no significant hazard
Note: The asterisk is replaced by the compatibility code
Division 1.4
Explosives – Very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazard
Note: The asterisk is replaced by the compatibility code
Division 1.5
Explosives – No hazard statement
Note: The asterisk is replaced by the compatibility code
Division 1.6
Class 2: Gasesedit
Pictogram
Usage
Flammable gases – Gases which at 20 °C and a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa:
are ignitable when in a mixture of 13 percent or less by volume with air; or
have a flammable range with air of at least 12 percentage points regardless of the lower flammable limit.
Alternative sign
Division 2.1
Non-flammable non-toxic gases – Gases which:
are asphyxiant – gases which dilute or replace the oxygen normally in the atmosphere; or
are oxidizing – gases which may, generally by providing oxygen, cause or contribute to the combustion of other material more than air does; or
do not come under the other divisions.
Alternative sign
Division 2.2
Toxic gases – Gases which:
are known to be so toxic or corrosive to humans as to pose a hazard to health; or
are presumed to be toxic or corrosive to humans because they have an LC50 value equal to or less than 5000 ml/m3 (ppm).
Flammable liquids – Liquids which have a flash point of less than 60 °C and which are capable of sustaining combustion
Alternative sign
Class 3
Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitized explosives – Solids which, under conditions encountered in transport, are readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction; self-reactive substances which are liable to undergo a strongly exothermic reaction; solid desensitized explosives which may explode if not diluted sufficiently
Division 4.1
Substances liable to spontaneous combustion – Substances which are liable to spontaneous heating under normal conditions encountered in transport, or to heating up in contact with air, and being then liable to catch fire
Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases – Substances which, by interaction with water, are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities
Alternative sign
Division 4.3
Other GHS transport classesedit
Pictogram
Usage
Oxidizing substances – Substances which, while in themselves not necessarily combustible, may, generally by yielding oxygen, cause, or contribute to, the combustion of other material
Division 5.1
Organic peroxides – Organic substances which contain the bivalent –O–O– structure and may be considered derivatives of hydrogen peroxide, where one or both of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals
Alternative sign
Division 5.2
Toxic substances – Substances with an LD50 value ≤ 300 mg/kg (oral) or ≤ 1000 mg/kg (dermal) or an LC50 value ≤ 4000 ml/m3 (inhalation of dusts or mists)
"Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals" (pdf). 2021. Annex 3: Codification of Statements and Pictograms (pp 268–385).
"Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006", OJCE (L353): 1–1355, 2008-12-31 (the "CLP Regulation")
UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Model Regulations (Fifteenth ed.), New York and Geneva: United Nations, 2007, ISBN978-92-1-139120-6, ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.15 ("UN Model Regulations Rev.15")
UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Manual of Tests and Criteria (Fourth revised ed.), New York and Geneva: United Nations, 2002, ISBN92-1-139087-7, ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.4 ("UN Manual of Tests and Criteria Rev.4")
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to GHS pictograms.
GHS pictogram gallery from the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
February 15, 2024
hazard, pictograms, hazard, pictograms, form, part, international, globally, harmonized, system, classification, labelling, chemicals, sets, pictograms, included, within, labelling, containers, workplace, hazard, warnings, second, during, transport, dangerous,. Hazard pictograms form part of the international Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals GHS Two sets of pictograms are included within the GHS one for the labelling of containers and for workplace hazard warnings and a second for use during the transport of dangerous goods Either one or the other is chosen depending on the target audience but the two are not used together 1 The two sets of pictograms use the same symbols for the same hazards although certain symbols are not required for transport pictograms Transport pictograms come in wider variety of colors and may contain additional information such as a subcategory number Hazard pictograms are one of the key elements for the labelling of containers under the GHS along with 2 an identification of the product a signal word either Danger or Warning where necessary hazard statements indicating the nature and degree of the risks posed by the product precautionary statements indicating how the product should be handled to minimize risks to the user as well as to other people and the general environment the identity of the supplier who might be a manufacturer or importer The GHS chemical hazard pictograms are intended to provide the basis for or to replace national systems of hazard pictograms It has still to be implemented by the European Union CLP regulation in 2009 The GHS transport pictograms are the same as those recommended in the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods widely implemented in national regulations such as the U S Federal Hazardous Materials Transportation Act 49 U S C 5101 5128 and D O T regulations at 49 C F R 100 185 Contents 1 Physical hazards pictograms 2 Health hazards pictograms 3 Physical and health hazard pictograms 4 Environmental hazards pictograms 5 Transport pictograms 5 1 Class 1 Explosives 5 2 Class 2 Gases 5 3 Classes 3 and 4 Flammable liquids and solids 5 4 Other GHS transport classes 5 5 Non GHS transport pictograms 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksPhysical hazards pictograms editPictogram Usage nbsp Unstable explosives Explosives divisions 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 Self reactive substances and mixtures types A B Organic peroxides types A BFurther information Explosive materiale g azidoazide azide TNT chromyl chloride nitroglycerinGHS01 Explosive nbsp Flammable gases category 1 Flammable aerosols categories 1 2 Flammable liquids categories 1 2 3 4 Flammable solids categories 1 2 Self reactive substances and mixtures types B C D E F Pyrophoric liquids category 1 Pyrophoric solids category 1 Combustible solids category 3 Combustible liquids category 3 Self heating substances and mixtures categories 1 2 Substances and mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases categories 1 2 3 Organic peroxides types B C D E FFurther information Flammabilitye g acetone methanol generally most solvents GHS02 Flammable nbsp Oxidizing gases category 1 Oxidizing liquids categories 1 2 3 Oxidizing solids categories 1 2 3Further information Oxidizing agente g hydrogen peroxide most halogens potassium permanganate nitric acidGHS03 Oxidizing nbsp Compressed gases Liquefied gases Refrigerated liquefied gases Dissolved gases e g liquid nitrogen liquid oxygen liquid heliumGHS04 Compressed Gas nbsp Corrosive to metals category 1Further information Corrosive substanceStrong acids bases nitric acid sodium hydroxide calcium oxide anhydrous zinc chloride can be corrosiveGHS05 Corrosive Explosives divisions 1 5 1 6 Flammable gases category 2 Self reactive substances and mixtures type G see HAZMAT Class 4 Flammable solids Organic peroxides type Gno pictogram requiredHealth hazards pictograms editPictogram Usage nbsp Acute toxicity oral dermal inhalation categories 1 2 3 e g manganese heptoxide fire diamond rating at health hazard is 4 GHS06 Toxic nbsp Acute toxicity oral dermal inhalation category 4 Skin irritation categories 2 3 Eye irritation category 2A Skin sensitization category 1 Specific target organ toxicity following single exposure category 3 Respiratory tract irritation Narcotic effectsNot used 3 with the skull and crossbones pictogram for skin or eye irritation if the corrosion pictogram also appears the health hazard pictogram is used to indicate respiratory sensitizationGHS07 Harmful nbsp Respiratory sensitization category 1 Germ cell mutagenicity categories 1A 1B 2 Carcinogenicity categories 1A 1B 2 Reproductive toxicity categories 1A 1B 2 Specific target organ toxicity following single exposure categories 1 2 Specific target organ toxicity following repeated exposure categories 1 2 Aspiration hazard categories 1 2 e g chromiumGHS08 Health hazard Acute toxicity oral dermal inhalation category 5 Eye irritation category 2B Reproductive toxicity effects on or via lactationno pictogram requiredPhysical and health hazard pictograms editFurther information Corrosive substance Pictogram Usage nbsp Explosives divisions 1 5 1 6 Flammable gases category 2 Self reactive substances and mixtures type G see HAZMAT Class 4 Flammable solids Organic peroxides type G Skin corrosion categories 1A 1B 1C Serious eye damage category 1GHS05 CorrosiveEnvironmental hazards pictograms editPictogram Usage nbsp Acute hazards to the aquatic environment category 1 Chronic hazards to the aquatic environment categories 1 2 Environmental toxicity categories 1 2GHS09 Environmental hazard Acute hazards to the aquatic environment categories 2 3 Chronic hazards to the aquatic environment categories 3 4no pictogram requiredTransport pictograms editClass 1 Explosives edit Pictogram Usage nbsp Explosives Division 1 1 Substances and articles which have a mass explosion hazard Division 1 2 Substances and articles which have a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard Division 1 3 Substances and articles which have a fire hazard and either a minor blast hazard or a minor projection hazard or both but not a mass explosion hazardNote The asterisks are replaced by the class number and compatibility codeDivisions 1 1 1 3 nbsp Explosives Substances and articles which are classified as explosives but which present no significant hazardNote The asterisk is replaced by the compatibility codeDivision 1 4 nbsp Explosives Very insensitive substances which have a mass explosion hazardNote The asterisk is replaced by the compatibility codeDivision 1 5 nbsp Explosives No hazard statementNote The asterisk is replaced by the compatibility codeDivision 1 6Class 2 Gases edit Pictogram Usage nbsp Flammable gases Gases which at 20 C and a standard pressure of 101 3 kPa are ignitable when in a mixture of 13 percent or less by volume with air or have a flammable range with air of at least 12 percentage points regardless of the lower flammable limit nbsp Alternative signDivision 2 1 nbsp Non flammable non toxic gases Gases which are asphyxiant gases which dilute or replace the oxygen normally in the atmosphere or are oxidizing gases which may generally by providing oxygen cause or contribute to the combustion of other material more than air does or do not come under the other divisions nbsp Alternative signDivision 2 2 nbsp Toxic gases Gases which are known to be so toxic or corrosive to humans as to pose a hazard to health or are presumed to be toxic or corrosive to humans because they have an LC50 value equal to or less than 5000 ml m3 ppm e g hydrogen cyanideDivision 2 3Classes 3 and 4 Flammable liquids and solids edit Pictogram Usage nbsp Flammable liquids Liquids which have a flash point of less than 60 C and which are capable of sustaining combustion nbsp Alternative signClass 3 nbsp Flammable solids self reactive substances and solid desensitized explosives Solids which under conditions encountered in transport are readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction self reactive substances which are liable to undergo a strongly exothermic reaction solid desensitized explosives which may explode if not diluted sufficientlyDivision 4 1 nbsp Substances liable to spontaneous combustion Substances which are liable to spontaneous heating under normal conditions encountered in transport or to heating up in contact with air and being then liable to catch firee g manganese heptoxideDivision 4 2 nbsp Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases Substances which by interaction with water are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities nbsp Alternative signDivision 4 3Other GHS transport classes edit Pictogram Usage nbsp Oxidizing substances Substances which while in themselves not necessarily combustible may generally by yielding oxygen cause or contribute to the combustion of other materialDivision 5 1 nbsp Organic peroxides Organic substances which contain the bivalent O O structure and may be considered derivatives of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals nbsp Alternative signDivision 5 2 nbsp Toxic substances Substances with an LD50 value 300 mg kg oral or 1000 mg kg dermal or an LC50 value 4000 ml m3 inhalation of dusts or mists e g nearly everything that contains cyanide groupsDivision 6 1 nbsp Corrosive substances Substances which cause full thickness destruction of intact skin tissue on exposure time of less than 4 hours or exhibit a corrosion rate of more than 6 25 mm per year on either steel or aluminium surfaces at 55 CClass 8Non GHS transport pictograms edit The following pictograms are included in the UN Model Regulations but have not been incorporated into the GHS because of the nature of the hazards nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Class 6 2 Class 7 Class 9Infectious substances Radioactive material Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articlesSee also editGlobally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals Hazard symbol HMIS Color Bar Hazchem Hazmat NFPA 704Notes edit Part 1 section 1 4 10 5 1 GHS Rev 2 Part 1 section 1 4 10 5 2 GHS Rev 2 Part 1 section 1 4 10 5 3 1 GHS Rev 2References edit Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals pdf 2021 Annex 3 Codification of Statements and Pictograms pp 268 385 Regulation EC No 1272 2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures amending and repealing Directives 67 548 EEC and 1999 45 EC and amending Regulation EC No 1907 2006 OJCE L353 1 1355 2008 12 31 the CLP Regulation UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations Fifteenth ed New York and Geneva United Nations 2007 ISBN 978 92 1 139120 6 ST SG AC 10 1 Rev 15 UN Model Regulations Rev 15 UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Manual of Tests and Criteria Fourth revised ed New York and Geneva United Nations 2002 ISBN 92 1 139087 7 ST SG AC 10 11 Rev 4 UN Manual of Tests and Criteria Rev 4 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to GHS pictograms GHS pictogram gallery from the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title GHS hazard pictograms amp oldid 1196558037, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
