Diploglottis australis, known as the native tamarind, is a well known rainforest tree of eastern Australia. It is easily identified by the large sausage shaped leaflets.
Diploglottis cunninghamii(Hook.) Hook.f. ex Benth.
The native tamarind grows in a variety of different rainforests, on basaltic and rich alluvial soils. The southernmost limit of natural distribution is Brogo near Bega (36° S) in New South Wales. They grow naturally along the east coast, northwards to near Proserpine (20° S) in tropical Queensland.[3]
The tree is medium to large, with long and broad leaves. It can achieve a height of over 35 metres tall and a trunk diameter of 75 cm. The trunk is cylindrical and flanged at the base, somewhat resembling the trunk of the Coachwood.
The branches bear alternate leaves, which are large and pinnate with conspicuously large leaflets. The leaf is generally 40–120 cm long and leaves on mature branches bear about 6–12 leaflets each, but on seedlings or coppice shoots the leaves may be simple or bear only 3–5 leaflets. The leaflets commonly are 10–30 cm long and 4–8 cm wide, broadly oblong to elliptic, bluntly pointed at the tip, not equal at the base, often covered with velvety golden brown hairs. The leaf veins are easy to see on both sides, more so on the underside. The midrib is slightly raised on the top surface.[4]
Flowers form in spring, being creamy brown in large and hairy panicles. The brown and hairy capsule matures from October to January. It contains a yellow/orange aril, which is pleasant to the taste. Within the aril is a triangular, pale brown seed.
An involved naming history exists for this species.[1][2] At all events, Diploglottis australis(G.Don) Radlk. has received support and clarification as the currently accepted name,[1][2] rather than the synonym of D. cunninghamii.[5]
Usesedit
The native tamarind is grown as a decorative tree in various parts of urban Australia, including behind the Mitchell Library in the city of Sydney. However, the tree is ill-suited to situations where strong winds damage its large leaflets.
The native tamarind is valued as an indigenous fruit tree because the aril may be eaten raw or added to jams and chutneys. It also is used as the basis for a tangy cool drink.
Referencesedit
^ abcd "Diploglottis%". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS) database (listing by % wildcard matching of all taxa relevant to Australia). Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
^ abcd Harden, Gwen J.; Johnson, Lawrence A. S. (1986). "A Note on Diploglottis australis (G.Don) Radlk." Telopea. 2 (6): 745–748. doi:10.7751/telopea19864613. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
^ Harden, Gwen J. (31 May 2002). "Diploglottis cunninghamii (Hook.) Hook.f. ex Benth. – New South Wales Flora Online". PlantNET – The Plant Information Network System. 2.0. Sydney, Australia: The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust. Retrieved 12 Sep 2014.
^ Reynolds, S. T. (1981). "Notes on Sapindaceae in Australia, I". Austrobaileya. 1 (4): 390–398. JSTOR 41738625.
New leaf spike under a mature leaflet, of Diploglottis australis
Broad leaves of Diploglottis australis, growing over the fronds of the Bangalow palm
An old painting of Diploglottis australis, which doesn't satisfactorily represent the large and broad leaflets
April 15, 2024
diploglottis, australis, known, native, tamarind, well, known, rainforest, tree, eastern, australia, easily, identified, large, sausage, shaped, leaflets, native, tamarindnative, tamarind, rainforest, gully, mount, royal, national, park, barrington, tops, aust. Diploglottis australis known as the native tamarind is a well known rainforest tree of eastern Australia It is easily identified by the large sausage shaped leaflets Native tamarindNative tamarind in a rainforest gully of Mount Royal National Park Barrington Tops AustraliaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder SapindalesFamily SapindaceaeGenus DiploglottisSpecies D australisBinomial nameDiploglottis australis G Don Radlk 1 2 Synonyms 1 2 Stadmannia australis G Don Diploglottis cunninghamii Hook Hook f ex Benth The native tamarind grows in a variety of different rainforests on basaltic and rich alluvial soils The southernmost limit of natural distribution is Brogo near Bega 36 S in New South Wales They grow naturally along the east coast northwards to near Proserpine 20 S in tropical Queensland 3 Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Uses 4 ReferencesDescription edit nbsp Infructescence with edible fruit at Bunya Mountains National ParkThe tree is medium to large with long and broad leaves It can achieve a height of over 35 metres tall and a trunk diameter of 75 cm The trunk is cylindrical and flanged at the base somewhat resembling the trunk of the Coachwood The branches bear alternate leaves which are large and pinnate with conspicuously large leaflets The leaf is generally 40 120 cm long and leaves on mature branches bear about 6 12 leaflets each but on seedlings or coppice shoots the leaves may be simple or bear only 3 5 leaflets The leaflets commonly are 10 30 cm long and 4 8 cm wide broadly oblong to elliptic bluntly pointed at the tip not equal at the base often covered with velvety golden brown hairs The leaf veins are easy to see on both sides more so on the underside The midrib is slightly raised on the top surface 4 Flowers form in spring being creamy brown in large and hairy panicles The brown and hairy capsule matures from October to January It contains a yellow orange aril which is pleasant to the taste Within the aril is a triangular pale brown seed Seed germination is reliable and fast although seed collected from damp ground where it falls in large quantity generally is heavily infested with insect grubs Many species of rainforest birds eat the fruit particularly the aril and disseminate the seed Prominent examples of such birds include the brown cuckoo dove crimson rosella Australasian figbird green catbird regent bowerbird Australian brush turkey rose crowned fruit dove topknot pigeon and wompoo fruit dove Taxonomy editAn involved naming history exists for this species 1 2 At all events Diploglottis australis G Don Radlk has received support and clarification as the currently accepted name 1 2 rather than the synonym of D cunninghamii 5 Uses editThe native tamarind is grown as a decorative tree in various parts of urban Australia including behind the Mitchell Library in the city of Sydney However the tree is ill suited to situations where strong winds damage its large leaflets The native tamarind is valued as an indigenous fruit tree because the aril may be eaten raw or added to jams and chutneys It also is used as the basis for a tangy cool drink References edit a b c d Diploglottis Australian Plant Name Index APNI Integrated Botanical Information System IBIS database listing by wildcard matching of all taxa relevant to Australia Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research Australian Government Retrieved 5 July 2013 a b c d Harden Gwen J Johnson Lawrence A S 1986 A Note on Diploglottis australis G Don Radlk Telopea 2 6 745 748 doi 10 7751 telopea19864613 Retrieved 4 July 2013 Floyd A G 1989 Rainforest Trees of Mainland South eastern Australia 1st ed Port Melbourne Elsevier Australia Inkata Imprint copyright Forestry Commission of New South Wales published 1989 12 01 p 347 ISBN 0 909605 57 2 Retrieved 2009 05 26 other publication details included in citation Harden Gwen J 31 May 2002 Diploglottis cunninghamii Hook Hook f ex Benth New South Wales Flora Online PlantNET The Plant Information Network System 2 0 Sydney Australia The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Retrieved 12 Sep 2014 Reynolds S T 1981 Notes on Sapindaceae in Australia I Austrobaileya 1 4 390 398 JSTOR 41738625 nbsp Large Diploglottis australis in private property near the Watagans National Park nbsp New leaf spike under a mature leaflet of Diploglottis australis nbsp Broad leaves of Diploglottis australis growing over the fronds of the Bangalow palm nbsp An old painting of Diploglottis australis which doesn t satisfactorily represent the large and broad leaflets Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Diploglottis australis amp oldid 1125236879, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
