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Czech historical lands and current administrative regions (kraje)
In a historical context, Czech texts use the term to refer to any territory ruled by the Kings of Bohemia, i.e., the lands of the Bohemian Crown (země Koruny české) as established by Emperor Charles IV in the 14th century. This would include territories like the Lusatias (which in 1635 fell to Saxony) and the whole of Silesia, all ruled from Prague Castle at that time. After the conquest of Silesia by the Prussian king Frederick the Great in 1742, the remaining lands of the Bohemian Crown—Bohemia, Moravia and Austrian Silesia—have been more or less co-extensive with the territory of the modern-day Czech Republic.[citation needed]
The oldest depiction of coat of arms of Bohemia (left) and Moravia (right), castle Gozzoburg in Krems, fresco painting from the beginning of the 13th century
The term Czech lands has been used to describe different things by different people. While the Czech name of Bohemia proper is Čechy, the adjective český refers to both "Bohemian" and "Czech". The non-auxiliary term (i.e. the term used in official Czech geographical terminology lists) for the present-day Czech lands (i.e. Bohemia, Moravia, Czech Silesia) is Česko, documented as early as 1704.[citation needed] The official translation of the word Česko is Czechia.[4]
During the period of the First and Second Czechoslovak Republic the Czech lands were frequently referred to as Historical lands in particular when mentioned together with Slovakia (which was never an autonomous historical region within the Kingdom of Hungary).
The Bohemian lands had been settled by Celts (Boii) from 5th BC until 2nd AD, then by various Germanic tribes (Marcomanni, Quadi, Lombards and others) until they moved on to the west during the Migration Period (1st-5th century). At the beginning of the 5th century the population decreased vigorously and, according to mythology led by a chieftain Čech, the first Western Slavs came in the second half of the 6th century. In the course of the decline of the Great Moravian realm during the Hungarian invasions of Europe in the 9th and 10th century, the Czech Přemyslid dynasty established the Duchy of Bohemia. Backed by the East Frankish kings, they prevailed against the reluctant Bohemian nobility and extended their rule eastwards over the adjacent Moravian lands.
The coat of arms of the Czech Republic incorporates those of the three integral Czech lands: Bohemia proper, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. The arms of Bohemia originated with the Bohemian kingdom, like those of Moravia with the Moravian margraviate. The arms of Czech Silesia originated as those of all of the historical region of Silesia, much of which is now in Poland.
Bohemia, also used as the Lesser coat of arms of the modern Czech Republic
^Martin Wein: History of the Jews in the Bohemian Lands
^Between Politics and Culture: New Perspectives on the History of the Bohemian Lands and the First Czechoslovak Republic (1880s–1930s)
^Biedermeier. Art and Culture in the Bohemian Lands 1814–1848
^"UNGEGN List of Country Names" (PDF). New York, United States: United Nations. p. 27. (PDF) from the original on 2018-07-25.
Sources
Pánek, Jaroslav; Tůma Oldřich; et al. (2009). A History of the Czech lands. Prague: Karolinum. ISBN978-80-246-1645-2.
May 17, 2023
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This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Czech lands news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2017 The Czech lands or the Bohemian lands 1 2 3 Czech Ceske zeme pronounced ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈzɛmɲɛ are the three historical regions of Bohemia Moravia and Czech Silesia Together the three have formed the Czech part of Czechoslovakia since 1918 the Czech Socialist Republic since 1 January 1969 and the Czech Republic since 1 January 1993 The Czech lands are also referred to as Czechia Czech historical lands and current administrative regions kraje In a historical context Czech texts use the term to refer to any territory ruled by the Kings of Bohemia i e the lands of the Bohemian Crown zeme Koruny ceske as established by Emperor Charles IV in the 14th century This would include territories like the Lusatias which in 1635 fell to Saxony and the whole of Silesia all ruled from Prague Castle at that time After the conquest of Silesia by the Prussian king Frederick the Great in 1742 the remaining lands of the Bohemian Crown Bohemia Moravia and Austrian Silesia have been more or less co extensive with the territory of the modern day Czech Republic citation needed The oldest depiction of coat of arms of Bohemia left and Moravia right castle Gozzoburg in Krems fresco painting from the beginning of the 13th century Contents 1 Alternative names 2 History 3 Coats of arms 4 See also 5 References 6 SourcesAlternative names EditMain article Name of the Czech Republic The term Czech lands has been used to describe different things by different people While the Czech name of Bohemia proper is Cechy the adjective cesky refers to both Bohemian and Czech The non auxiliary term i e the term used in official Czech geographical terminology lists for the present day Czech lands i e Bohemia Moravia Czech Silesia is Cesko documented as early as 1704 citation needed The official translation of the word Cesko is Czechia 4 During the period of the First and Second Czechoslovak Republic the Czech lands were frequently referred to as Historical lands in particular when mentioned together with Slovakia which was never an autonomous historical region within the Kingdom of Hungary History EditMain article History of the Czech lands The Bohemian lands had been settled by Celts Boii from 5th BC until 2nd AD then by various Germanic tribes Marcomanni Quadi Lombards and others until they moved on to the west during the Migration Period 1st 5th century At the beginning of the 5th century the population decreased vigorously and according to mythology led by a chieftain Cech the first Western Slavs came in the second half of the 6th century In the course of the decline of the Great Moravian realm during the Hungarian invasions of Europe in the 9th and 10th century the Czech Premyslid dynasty established the Duchy of Bohemia Backed by the East Frankish kings they prevailed against the reluctant Bohemian nobility and extended their rule eastwards over the adjacent Moravian lands In 1198 Duke Ottokar I of Bohemia received the royal title by the German anti king Philip of Swabia Attached to his Kingdom of Bohemia was the Margraviate of Moravia established in 1182 and Klodzko Land the later County of Kladsko From the second part of the 13th century onwards German colonists German Bohemians settled in the mountainous border area on the basis of the kings invitation during the Ostsiedlung in Prague they lived already from the early 12th century and lived alongside the Slavs The Silesian lands north of the Sudetes mountain range had been ruled by the Polish Piast dynasty from the 10th century onwards While Bohemia rose to a kingdom the Silesian Piasts alienated from the fragmenting Kingdom of Poland After in 1310 the Bohemian crown had passed to the mighty House of Luxembourg nearly all Silesian dukes pledged allegiance to King John the Blind and in 1335 the Polish king Casimir III the Great officially renounced Silesia by the Treaty of Trentschin King John had also acquired the lands of Bautzen and Gorlitz later Upper Lusatia in 1319 and 1329 His son and successor Charles IV also King of the Romans since 1346 incorporated the Silesian and Lusatian estates into the Bohemian Crown and upon his coronation as Holy Roman Emperor confirmed their indivisibility and affiliation with the Holy Roman Empire In 1367 Emperor Charles IV also purchased the former March of Lusatia Lower Lusatia in the northwest However during the Thirty Years War both Lusatias passed to the Electorate of Saxony by the Peace of Prague After the Bohemian Crown Crown of Saint Wenceslas passed to the House of Habsburg in 1526 the Bohemian crown lands together with the Kingdom of Hungary and the Austrian hereditary lands became part of the larger Habsburg monarchy In 1742 the Habsburg queen Maria Theresa lost the bulk of Silesia to Prussia upon the First Silesian War part of the War of the Austrian Succession The Czech state in form of Duchy of Bohemia green in 11th century within the Holy Roman Empire light green Czech lands in form of Lands of the Bohemian Crown red in the 17th century within Holy Roman EmpireCoats of arms EditMain article Coat of arms of the Czech RepublicThe coat of arms of the Czech Republic incorporates those of the three integral Czech lands Bohemia proper Moravia and Czech Silesia The arms of Bohemia originated with the Bohemian kingdom like those of Moravia with the Moravian margraviate The arms of Czech Silesia originated as those of all of the historical region of Silesia much of which is now in Poland Bohemia also used as the Lesser coat of arms of the modern Czech Republic Moravia Silesia Greater coat of arms of the present day Czech Republic Coat of arms of the Bohemian crown lands until 1635 clockwise from left above checked Eagle of Moravia Eagle of Lower Silesia Ox of Lower Lusatia Eagle of Upper Silesia Wall of Upper Lusatia en surtout Bohemian Lion upon Crown of Saint Wenceslas garlanded by lime Drawn by Hugo Gerard Strohl 1851 1919 See also Edit Wikisource has original works on the topic Czech lands Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia Klodzko LandReferences Edit Martin Wein History of the Jews in the Bohemian Lands Between Politics and Culture New Perspectives on the History of the Bohemian Lands and the First Czechoslovak Republic 1880s 1930s Biedermeier Art and Culture in the Bohemian Lands 1814 1848 UNGEGN List of Country Names PDF New York United States United Nations p 27 Archived PDF from the original on 2018 07 25 Sources EditPanek Jaroslav Tuma Oldrich et al 2009 A History of the Czech lands Prague Karolinum ISBN 978 80 246 1645 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Czech lands amp oldid 1144377099, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
