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Celtic F.C.

March 24, 2023

This article is about the Scottish football club. For other football clubs named Celtic, see Celtic (disambiguation) § Sports.

The Celtic Football Club, commonly known as Celtic (/ˈsɛltɪk/), is a Scottish professional football club based in Glasgow, which plays in the Scottish Premiership. The club was founded in 1887[nb 1] with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the immigrant Irish population in the East End of Glasgow. They played their first match in May 1888, a friendly match against Rangers which Celtic won 5–2. Celtic established themselves within Scottish football, winning six successive league titles during the first decade of the 20th century. The club enjoyed their greatest successes during the 1960s and 70s under Jock Stein, when they won nine consecutive league titles and the 1967 European Cup. Celtic have played in green and white throughout their history, adopting hoops in 1903, which have been used ever since.

Celtic
Full nameThe Celtic Football Club[1]
Nickname(s)The Bhoys
The Celts
The Hoops
Founded6 November 1887; 135 years ago (1887-11-06)
GroundCeltic Park
Capacity60,411
OwnerCeltic PLC (LSE: CCP)
ChairmanPeter Lawwell
ManagerAnge Postecoglou
LeagueScottish Premiership
2021–22Scottish Premiership, 1st of 12 (champions)
WebsiteClub website
Current season
Chart of Celtic's yearly table positions in the Scottish Football League (1890–present)

Celtic are one of only five clubs in the world to have won over 100 trophies in their history.[2] The club has won the Scottish league championship 52 times, most recently in 2021–22, the Scottish Cup 40 times and the Scottish League Cup 21 times. The club's greatest season was 1966–67, when Celtic became the first British team to win the European Cup, also winning the Scottish league championship, the Scottish Cup, the League Cup and the Glasgow Cup. Celtic also reached the 1970 European Cup Final and the 2003 UEFA Cup Final, losing in both.

Celtic have a long-standing fierce rivalry with Rangers, and the clubs are known as the Old Firm, seen by some as the world's biggest football derby. The club's fanbase was estimated in 2003 as being around nine million worldwide, and there are more than 160 Celtic supporters clubs in over 20 countries. An estimated 80,000 fans travelled to Seville for the 2003 UEFA Cup Final, and their "extraordinarily loyal and sporting behaviour" in spite of defeat earned the club Fair Play awards from FIFA and UEFA.

History

Main articles: History of Celtic F.C. (1887–1994) and (1994–present)
 
Brother Walfrid, founder of Celtic FC

Celtic Football Club was formally constituted at a meeting in St. Mary's church hall in East Rose Street (now Forbes Street), Calton, Glasgow, by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid[3] on 6 November 1887, with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the East End of Glasgow by raising money for the charity Walfrid had instituted, the Poor Children's Dinner Table.[4] Walfrid's move to establish the club as a means of fund-raising was largely inspired by the example of Hibernian, which was formed out of the immigrant Irish population a few years earlier in Edinburgh.[5] Walfrid's own suggestion of the name Celtic (pronounced Seltik) was intended to reflect the club's Irish and Scottish roots and was adopted at the same meeting.[6][7] The club has the official nickname, The Bhoys. However, according to the Celtic press office, the newly established club was known to many as "the bold boys". A postcard from the early 20th century that pictured the team and read "The Bould Bhoys" is the first known example of the unique spelling. The extra h imitates the spelling system of Gaelic, wherein the letter b is often accompanied by the letter h.[8]

 
A team photo from the early days of the club (around 1889), before the adoption of the hooped jerseys.

On 28 May 1888, Celtic played their first official match against Rangers and won 5–2 in what was described as a "friendly encounter".[9] Neil McCallum scored Celtic's first goal.[10] Celtic's first kit consisted of a white shirt with a green collar, black shorts, and emerald green socks.[11] The original club crest was a simple green cross on a red oval background.[11] In 1889 Celtic reached the final of the Scottish Cup in their first season taking part in the competition, but lost 2–1 to Third Lanark.[12] Celtic reached the final again in 1892 and this time were victorious after defeating Queen's Park 5–1, the club's first major honour.[13] Several months later the club moved to its new ground, Celtic Park, and in the following season won the Scottish League Championship for the first time.[9] In 1895, Celtic set the League record for the highest home score when they beat Dundee 11–0.[14]

In 1897, the club became a private limited company[15] and Willie Maley was appointed as the first 'secretary-manager'.[16] Between 1905 and 1910, Celtic won the Scottish League Championship six times in a row.[9][17] They also won the Scottish Cup in both 1907 and 1908, the first times a Scottish club had ever won the double.[9][18] During World War I, Celtic won the league four times in a row, including 62 matches unbeaten between November 1915 and April 1917.[9][19] The mid-1920s saw the emergence of Jimmy McGrory as one of the most prolific goalscorers in British football history; over a sixteen-year playing career, he scored 550 goals in 547 games (including 16 goals for Clydebank during a season on loan in 1923–24), a British goal-scoring record to this day.[20][21] In January 1940, Willie Maley's retirement was announced. He was 71 years old and had served the club in varying roles for nearly 52 years, initially as a player and then as secretary-manager.[22][23] Jimmy McStay became manager of the club in February 1940.[24] He spent over five years in this role, although due to the Second World War no official competitive league football took place during this time. The Scottish Football League and Scottish Cup were suspended and in their place regional league competitions were set up.[25][26] Celtic did not do particularly well during the war years, but did win the Victory in Europe Cup held in May 1945 as a one-off football match to celebrate Victory in Europe Day.[27]

Ex-player and captain Jimmy McGrory took over as manager in 1945.[28] Under McGrory, Celtic defeated Arsenal, Manchester United and Hibernian to win the Coronation Cup, a one-off tournament held in May 1953 to commemorate the coronation of Elizabeth II.[29] He also led them to a League and Cup double in 1954.[30] On 19 October 1957, Celtic defeated Rangers in the final of the Scottish League Cup at Hampden Park in Glasgow, retaining the trophy they had won for the first time the previous year; the 7–1 scoreline remains a record win in a British domestic cup final.[31][32] The years that followed, however, saw Celtic struggle and the club won no more trophies under McGrory.[33]

 
Jock Stein in an Amsterdam hotel, ahead of a European Cup quarter-final against AFC Ajax (1971)

Former Celtic captain Jock Stein succeeded McGrory in 1965.[34] He won the Scottish Cup in his first few months at the club,[35] and then led them to the League title the following season.[36]

1967 was Celtic's annus mirabilis. The club won every competition they entered: the Scottish League, the Scottish Cup, the Scottish League Cup, the Glasgow Cup, and the European Cup.[37][38] Under the leadership of Stein, the club defeated Inter Milan 2–1 at the Estádio Nacional in Lisbon, on 25 May 1967 to become the first British team,[39][40] and indeed the first from outside Spain, Portugal and Italy to win the competition. They remain the only Scottish team to have reached the final. The players that day, all of whom were born within 30 miles of Glasgow, subsequently became known as the "Lisbon Lions".[41] The following season Celtic lost to Racing Club of Argentina in the Intercontinental Cup.[42]

Celtic reached the European Cup Final again in 1970, but were beaten 2–1 by Feyenoord at the San Siro in Milan.[43] The club continued to dominate Scottish football in the early 1970s, and their Scottish Championship win in 1974 was their ninth consecutive league title, equalling the joint world record held at the time by MTK Budapest and CSKA Sofia.[44]

Celtic enjoyed further domestic success in the 1980s, and in their Centenary season of 1987–88 won a Scottish Premier Division and Scottish Cup double.[45]

The club endured a slump in the early 1990s, culminating in the Bank of Scotland informing directors on 3 March 1994 that it was calling in the receivers as a result of the club exceeding a £5 million overdraft.[46] However, expatriate businessman Fergus McCann wrested control of the club, and ousted the family dynasties which had controlled Celtic since its foundation. According to media reports, McCann took over the club minutes before it was to be declared bankrupt.[47] McCann reconstituted the club business as a public limited company – Celtic PLC – and oversaw the redevelopment of Celtic Park into a 60,832 all-seater stadium. In 1998 Celtic won the title again under Dutchman Wim Jansen and prevented Rangers from beating their nine-in-a-row record.[48]

Martin O'Neill took charge of the club in June 2000.[49] Under his leadership, Celtic won three SPL championships out of five (losing the others by very small margins)[50] and in his first season in charge the club also won the domestic treble,[51] making O'Neill only the second Celtic manager to do so after Jock Stein.[52] In 2003, around 80,000 Celtic fans travelled to watch the club compete in the UEFA Cup Final in Seville.[53][54] Celtic lost 3–2 to Porto after extra time, despite two goals from Henrik Larsson during normal time.[55] The conduct of the thousands of travelling Celtic supporters received widespread praise from the people of Seville and the fans were awarded Fair Play Awards from both FIFA and UEFA "for their extraordinarily loyal and sporting behaviour".[56][57]

Gordon Strachan was announced as O'Neill's replacement in June 2005 and after winning the SPL title in his first year in charge,[58] he became only the third Celtic manager to win three titles in a row. He also guided Celtic to their first UEFA Champions League knockout stage in 2006–07[59] and repeated the feat in 2007–08[60] before departing the club in May 2009, after failing to win the SPL title.[61] Tony Mowbray took charge of the club in June 2009,[62] and he was succeeded a year later by Neil Lennon.[63] In November 2010, Celtic set an SPL record for the biggest win in SPL history, defeating Aberdeen 9–0 at Celtic Park.[64]

Celtic celebrated their 125th anniversary in November 2012, the same week as a Champions League match against Barcelona.[65] They won 2–1 on the night to complete a memorable week,[66] and eventually qualified from the group stages for the round of 16.[67] Celtic finished the season with the SPL and Scottish Cup double.[68] The club clinched their third consecutive league title in March 2014,[69] with goalkeeper Fraser Forster setting a new record during the campaign of 1,256 minutes without conceding a goal in a league match.[70] At the end of the season, manager Neil Lennon announced his departure from the club after four years in the role.[71]

Norwegian Ronny Deila was appointed manager of Celtic on 6 June 2014.[72][73] He went on to lead the team to two consecutive league titles and a League Cup, but the team's performances in European competition were poor. After being eliminated from the Scottish Cup by Rangers in April 2016, Deila announced he would leave the club at the end of the season.[74][75]

On 20 May 2016, Brendan Rodgers was announced as Deila's successor.[75][76] His first season saw the team go on a long unbeaten run in domestic competitions, during which time the club won their 100th major trophy, defeating Aberdeen 3–0 in the League Cup Final in November 2016.[77] Celtic also clinched their sixth successive league title in April 2017 with a record eight league games to spare,[78] and eventually finished with a record 106 points, becoming the first Scottish side to complete a top-flight league season undefeated since Rangers in 1899.[79][80] Celtic clinched their fourth treble by defeating Aberdeen 2–1 in the 2017 Scottish Cup Final, the result of which saw the club go through the entire domestic season unbeaten.[81]

Celtic continued their unbeaten domestic run into the following season, eventually extending it to 69 games, surpassing their own 100-year-old British record of 62 games, before finally losing to Hearts in November 2017.[82][83] Celtic retained the League Cup that same month by defeating Motherwell in the final,[84] and went on to clinch their seventh consecutive league title in April 2018.[85] They went on to defeat Motherwell again in the 2018 Scottish Cup Final to clinch a second consecutive domestic treble (the "double treble"), the first club in Scotland to do so.[86] Rodgers left the club midway through following season to join Leicester City;[87] Neil Lennon returned as caretaker manager for the rest of the season and helped Celtic secure an unprecedented third consecutive domestic treble (the "treble treble"), defeating Hearts 2–1 in the 2019 Scottish Cup Final.[88] Later that month, he was confirmed as the club's new manager.[89]

In December 2019, Lennon led Celtic to a 1–0 win over Rangers in the 2019 Scottish League Cup Final, the club's tenth consecutive domestic trophy.[90] By March 2020, Celtic were 13 points ahead in the league when professional football in Scotland was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.[91][92] they were confirmed as champions in May 2020 following a SPFL board meeting where it was agreed that completing the full league campaign was infeasible.[93] The completion of the 2019–20 Scottish Cup was delayed, with the semi-finals and final – between Celtic and Hearts as in the previous year – not taking place until late autumn/winter of 2020. Celtic won on penalty-kicks after the sides tied at 3–3 after extra time, clinching a fourth successive treble.[94] However, Celtic struggled throughout the 2020–21 season with poor performances in Europe, knocked out of the League Cup by Ross County, and by February 2021 were trailing 18 points behind Rangers in the league – effectively ending their hopes of winning "ten in a row" league titles. Lennon resigned on 24 February 2021, with assistant manager John Kennedy taking interim charge of the team.[95] In the closing weeks of the season, Celtic were knocked out of the Scottish Cup by Rangers which condemned them to their first trophy-less season since 2010,[96] and finished the league campaign 25 points behind their Glasgow rivals.[97]

Crest and colours

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Celtic F.C. kits.
 
The club crest adopted on the team's football shirts in 1977, based on a badge originating from the 1930s.
 
The special crest that was adopted in seasons 1987–88 & 1988–89 to celebrate the club's centenary.
 
Special commemorative crest used in season 2017–18 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the club's European Cup Final win in 1967.

For most of Celtic's history their home strip has featured green and white horizontal hoops, but their original strip consisted of a white top with black shorts and black and green hooped socks. The top also featured the Marist Brothers' badge on the right hand side, consisting of a green Celtic cross inside a red circle.[11][98] In 1889, the club changed to a green and white vertically striped top and for the next fourteen years this remained unchanged although the colour of the shorts alternated between white and black several times over this period. The top did not feature a crest.[11][99]

In 1903, Celtic adopted their now famous green and white hooped tops. The new design was worn for the first time on 15 August 1903 in a match against Partick Thistle.[11] Black socks continued to be worn until the early 1930s, at which point the team switched to green socks. Plain white socks came into use in the mid-1960s, and white has been the predominant colour worn since then.[11]

History of Celtic football strips[11]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1888
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1889–1903
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1903–1932
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1932–1965
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1965 onwards

The club began using a badge in the 1930s, featuring a four leaf clover logo surrounded by the club's formal title, "The Celtic Football and Athletic Coy. Ltd".[100] However, it was not until 1977 that Celtic finally adopted the club crest on their shirts. The outer segment was reversed out, with white lettering on a green background on the team shirts. The text around the clover logo on the shirts was also shortened from the official club crest to "The Celtic Football Club".[100] For their centenary year in 1988, a commemorative crest was worn, featuring the Celtic cross that appeared on their first shirts. The 1977 version was reinstated for season 1989–90.[11]

From 1945 onwards numbered shirts slowly came into use throughout Scotland, before becoming compulsory in 1960. By this time Celtic were the last club in Britain to adopt the use of numbers on the team strip to identify players. The traditionalist and idealistic Celtic chairman, Robert Kelly, baulked at the prospect of the famous green and white hoops being disfigured, and as such Celtic wore their numbers on the players' shorts.[11] This unusual tradition survived until 1994, although numbered shirts were worn in European competition from 1975 onwards.[11] Celtic's tradition of wearing numbers on their shorts rather than on the back of their shirts was brought to an end when the Scottish Football League instructed Celtic to wear numbers on their shirts from the start of the 1994–95 season. Celtic responded by adding numbers to the top of their sleeves, however within a few weeks the football authorities ordered the club to attach them to the back of their shirts, where they appeared on a large white patch, breaking up the green and white hoops.[11]

In 1984 Celtic took up shirt sponsorship for the first time, with Fife-based double glazing firm CR Smith having their logo emblazoned on the front of the team jersey.[101][102] In season 1991–92, Celtic switched to Glasgow-based car sales company Peoples as sponsors.[103] The club failed to secure a shirt sponsor for season 1992–93, and for the first time since the early 1980s Celtic took to the field in 'unblemished' hoops.[104][105] Despite the loss of marketing revenue, sales of the new unsponsored replica top increased dramatically.[105] Celtic regained shirt sponsorship for season 1993–94, with CR Smith returning as shirt sponsors in a four-year deal.[101][106]

In 2005 the club severed their connection with Umbro, suppliers of their kits since the 1960s and entered into a contract with Nike. To mark the 40th anniversary of their European Cup win, a special crest was introduced for the 2007–08 season. The star that represents this triumph was retained when the usual crest was reinstated the following season.[11] In 2012, a retro style kit was designed by Nike that included narrower hoops to mark the club's 125th anniversary. A special crest was introduced with a Celtic knot design embroidered round the traditional badge. A third-choice strip based on the first strip from 1888 was also adopted for the season.[11]

In March 2015, Celtic agreed a new kit deal worth £30 million with Boston-based sportswear manufacturer New Balance to replace Nike from the start of the 2015–16 season.[107]

All of the kits for the 2017–18 season paid tribute to the Lisbon Lions, with the kits having a line on each side to represent the handles of the European Cup. The kits also included a commemorative crest, designed specifically for the season.[108] The regular crest was reinstated the following season, although the away strip featured a Celtic cross once again in reference to the club's heritage.[11]

In March 2020, Celtic announced a new five-year partnership with Adidas starting on 1 July 2020, in a deal believed to be the biggest kit sponsorship ever in Scottish sport.[109]

Period[11] Kit manufacturer[11] Shirt sponsor (front)[11] Shirt sponsor (back)[11]
1960s–1984 Umbro none none
1984–1991 CR Smith
1991–1992 Peoples Ford
1992–1993 none
1993–1997 CR Smith
1997–1999 Umbro
1999–2003 NTL
2003–2005 Carling
2005–2010 Nike
2010–2013 Tennents
2013–2015 Magners
2015–2016 New Balance
2016–2020 Dafabet Magners
2020– Adidas

Stadium

Main article: Celtic Park
 
Statue of Jock Stein outside Celtic Park

Celtic's stadium is Celtic Park, which is in the Parkhead area of Glasgow. Celtic Park, an all-seater stadium with a capacity of 60,411,[110] is the largest football stadium in Scotland and the eighth-largest stadium in the United Kingdom, after Murrayfield, Old Trafford, Twickenham, Wembley, the London Stadium, Tottenham Hotspur Stadium and the Millennium Stadium. It is commonly known as Parkhead[111] or Paradise.[112][113]

Celtic opened the original Celtic Park in the Parkhead area in 1888.[114] The club moved to a different site in 1892, however, when the rental charge was greatly increased.[115] The new site was developed into an oval shaped stadium, with vast terracing sections.[116] The record attendance of 83,500 was set by an Old Firm derby on 1 January 1938.[115] The terraces were covered and floodlights were installed between 1957 and 1971.[115] The Taylor Report mandated that all major clubs should have an all-seated stadium by August 1994.[117] Celtic was in a bad financial position in the early 1990s and no major work was carried out until Fergus McCann took control of the club in March 1994. He carried out a plan to demolish the old terraces and develop a new stadium in a phased rebuild, which was completed in August 1998. During this development, Celtic spent the 1994–95 season playing at the national stadium Hampden Park, costing the club £500,000 in rent.[118] The total cost of the new stadium on its completion was £40 million.[119]

Celtic Park has been used as a venue for Scotland internationals and Cup Finals, particularly when Hampden Park has been unavailable.[120] Before the First World War, Celtic Park hosted various other sporting events, including composite rules shinty-hurling,[121] track and field and the 1897 Track Cycling World Championships.[115] Open-air masses,[115] and First World War recruitment drives have also been held there.[122] In more recent years, Celtic Park has hosted the Opening Ceremonies of the 2014 Commonwealth Games,[123] the 2005 Special Olympics National Games and the 1990 Special Olympics European Games.[124] Celtic Park has occasionally been used for concerts, including performances by The Who and U2.[125]

In July 2016, Celtic Park became the first British football stadium to have a "rail seating" (safe standing) area in the ground. Rail seating is particularly common in Germany's Bundesliga, most notably at Borussia Dortmund's Westfalenstadion, a ground with a reputation on par with Celtic Park for its intensity and atmosphere.[126][127][128]

In June 2018, Celtic announced a series of stadium improvements that would be implemented before the 2018–19 season. These include the installation of new LED floodlights and a new entertainment system, a stadium-wide PA system and a new hybrid playing surface.[129]

 
A panoramic view of Celtic Park

Supporters

Main article: Celtic F.C. supporters

In 2003 Celtic were estimated to have a fan base of nine million people, including one million in the US and Canada.[130] There are over 160 Celtic Supporters Clubs in over 20 countries around the world.[131]

An estimated 80,000 Celtic supporters, many without match tickets, travelled to Seville in Spain for the UEFA Cup Final in May 2003.[56][57][132] The club's fans subsequently received awards from UEFA and FIFA for their behaviour at the match.[53][54][56][57][133]

Celtic has the highest average home attendance of any Scottish club.[134] They also had the 12th highest average league attendance out of all the football clubs in Europe in 2011.[135] A study of stadium attendance figures from 2013 to 2018 by the CIES Football Observatory ranked Celtic at 16th in the world during that period, and their proportion of the distribution of spectators in Scotland at 36.5%, the highest of any club in the leagues examined.[136]

In October 2013, French football magazine So Foot [fr] published a list of whom they considered the 'best' football supporters in the world. Celtic fans were placed third, the only club in Britain on the list, with the magazine highlighting their rendition of You'll Never Walk Alone before the start of European ties at Celtic Park.[137]

On 23 October 2017, Celtic fans were awarded with the FIFA Fan Award for their tifo commemorating the 50th anniversary of the club's European cup win. The award "celebrates the best fan moment of November 2016 to August 2017".[138]

Sectarianism

Main articles: Old Firm and Sectarianism in Glasgow

Celtic's traditional rivals are Rangers; collectively, the two clubs are known as the Old Firm[139] and seen by some as the world's biggest football derby.[140][141] The two have dominated Scottish football's history;[139] between them, they have won the Scottish league championship 107 times (as of May 2022) since its inception in 1890 – all other clubs combined have won 19 championships.[142] The two clubs are also by far the most supported in Scotland, with Celtic having the sixth highest home attendance in the UK during season 2014–15.[143][144] Celtic have a historic association with the people of Ireland and Scots of Irish descent, both of whom are mainly Roman Catholic.[145] Traditionally fans of rivals Rangers came from Scottish or Northern Irish Protestant backgrounds and support Unionism in Ireland.[145]

The clubs have attracted the support of opposing factions in the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Some supporters use songs, chants and banners at matches to abuse or show support for the Protestant or Catholic religions and proclaim support for Northern Irish paramilitary groups such as the IRA and UVF.[146]

There have been over 400 Old Firm matches played.[147] The games have been described as having an "atmosphere of hatred, religious tension and intimidation which continues to lead to violence in communities across Scotland."[146] The rivalry has fuelled many assaults and even deaths on Old Firm Derby days. Admissions to hospital emergency rooms have been reported to increase ninefold over normal levels[148] and in the period from 1996 to 2003, eight deaths in Glasgow were directly linked to Old Firm matches, and hundreds of assaults.[148][149]

Both sets of fans fought on the pitch after Celtic's victory in the 1980 Scottish Cup Final at Hampden Park.[150] There was serious fan disorder during an Old Firm match played in May 1999 at Celtic Park; missiles were thrown by Celtic fans, including one which struck referee Hugh Dallas, who needed medical treatment and a small number of fans invaded the pitch.[151]

Celtic have taken measures to reduce sectarianism. In 1996, the club launched its Bhoys Against Bigotry campaign, later followed by Youth Against Bigotry to "educate the young on having ... respect for all aspects of the community – all races, all colours, all creeds".[152]

Irish republicanism

Some groups of Celtic fans have expressed their support for Irish republicanism and the Irish Republican Army by singing or chanting about them at matches.[153][154]

In 2008 and 2010, there were protests by groups of fans over the team wearing the poppy for Remembrance Day, as the symbol is opposed by Irish Republicans owing to its association with the British military.[155][156] Celtic expressed disapproval of these protests, saying they were damaging to the image of the club and its fans, and pledged to ban those involved.[156] In 2011, UEFA and the Scottish Premier League investigated the club over pro-IRA chants by fans at different games. UEFA fined Celtic £12,700, while the SPL took no action, as the club had taken all reasonable action to prevent the chants.[157]

Celtic media

In 1965, Celtic began publishing its own newspaper, The Celtic View, now the oldest club magazine in football.[158] It was the brainchild of future chairman Jack McGinn, who at the time was working in the circulation department of Beaverbrook Newspapers.[159] McGinn himself edited the paper for the first few years, with circulation initially reaching around 26,000 copies.[160] By 2020, it was a 72-page glossy magazine with over 6,000 weekly readers, and the top selling club magazine in the United Kingdom. In the spring of 2020, the magazine saw a temporary cease of production due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.[161] However, in August 2021, Celtic announced the restart of the production activities for the magazine, which was turned into a 100-page, quarterly publication.[162]

From 2002, Celtic's Internet TV channel Channel67 (previously known as Celtic Replay) broadcast Celtic's own content worldwide and offered live match coverage to subscribers outside the UK. It also provided three online channels. In 2004, Celtic launched their own digital TV channel called Celtic TV, which was available in the UK through Setanta Sports on satellite and cable platforms. Due to the collapse of Setanta in the UK in June 2009, Celtic TV stopped broadcasting, although the club hoped to find a new broadcast partner.[163] In 2011, Celtic TV was relaunched as an online service and replaced Channel 67.[164][165]

Influence on other clubs

Due to Celtic's large following, several clubs have decided to emulate or have been inspired by Celtic. As the club has a large following, especially in Northern Ireland, several clubs have been founded there by local Celtic fans. The most notable and successful was Belfast Celtic, formed in 1891 simply as Celtic. Upon incorporation as a limited company in 1901, however, the club adopted the name "Belfast Celtic", the title "Celtic Football Club Ltd" already being registered by the Glasgow club.[166] Their home from the same year was Celtic Park on Donegall Road in west Belfast, known to the fans as Paradise.[167] It was one of the most successful teams in Ireland until it withdrew from the Irish League in 1949.[168] Donegal Celtic, currently playing in the NIFL Premier Intermediate League,[169] was established in 1970,[170] with the Celtic part being taken on due to the massive local following for Scotland's Celtic and formerly Belfast Celtic.[171][172] They are nicknamed The Wee Hoops and play at Donegal Celtic Park on Suffolk Road in Belfast.[170] A club by the name of Lurgan Celtic was originally formed in 1903, with the obvious slant of aiming towards the Roman Catholic community of the town, adopting the name and colours of the Glaswegian Celtic.[173] The County Armagh club currently plays in the NIFL Championship.[174] In the Republic of Ireland, both Tuam Celtic A.F.C. and Castlebar Celtic F.C. play at grounds called Celtic Park.[175][176]

Throughout Scotland and England, other clubs have been named after and adopted Celtic's kit. These include the now defunct Scottish club Blantyre Celtic F.C.;[177] Irish club Listowel Celtic F.C.;[citation needed] and English lower-league clubs Cleator Moor Celtic F.C., which was founded in 1908–09 by Irish immigrants employed in the local iron ore mines,[178] Celtic Nation F.C. (now defunct)[179][180] and West Allotment Celtic F.C.[181] Somerset club Yeovil Town F.C., who traditionally wore an all-green shirt, modified their uniform to emulate Celtic's, inspired by the Scottish club's 2003 UEFA Cup run.[182]

Outside the British Isles, South African club Bloemfontein Celtic F.C., one of the most popular club in the country with a large fan base in the Free State, is also named after Celtic F.C. Founded in 1969 as Mangaung United, in 1984, the then owner Molemela took over the club and changed the name to Bloemfontein Celtic. Based in Bloemfontein, they play in the Premier Soccer League.[183] In the United States of America, Hurricanes F.C. of Houston, Texas rebranded as Celtic FC America in 2019 and play in the Texas Premier Soccer League.[184]

Celtic and charity

Celtic was initially founded to raise money for the poor in the East End of Glasgow and the club still retain strong charitable traditions today.[185] In 1995 the Celtic Charity Fund was formed with the aim of "revitalising Celtic's charitable traditions" and by September 2013 had raised over £5 million.[186][187] The Charity Fund has since then merged with the Celtic Foundation, forming the Celtic FC Foundation, and continues to raise money for local, national and international causes.[188][189]

On 9 August 2011 Celtic held a testimonial match in honour of former player John Kennedy. Due to the humanitarian crisis in East Africa, the entire proceeds were donated to Oxfam. An estimated £300,000 was raised.[190]

Celtic hold an annual charity fashion show at Celtic Park. In 2011 the main beneficiaries were Breast Cancer Care Scotland.[187]

Yorkhill Hospital is another charity with whom Celtic are affiliated and in December 2011 the club donated £3000 to it. Chief Executive Peter Lawwell said that; "Celtic has always been much more than a football club and it is important that, at all times we play an important role in the wider community. The club is delighted to have enjoyed such a long and positive connection with Yorkhill Hospital."[191]

Ownership and finances

Private company

Celtic were formed in 1887, and in 1897 the club became a Private Limited Company with a nominal share capital of 5000 shares at £1 each.[9][192] The following year a further share issue of 5000 £1 shares was created to raise more capital. The largest number of shares held were by businessmen from the East End of Glasgow, notably James Grant, an Irish publican and engineer, James Kelly, one of the club's original players turned publican, and John Glass, a builder and driving force in the early years of the club.[192] His shares, upon his death in 1906, passed on to Thomas White.[193] The Grant, Kelly and White families' shareholdings dominated ownership of the club throughout the 20th century.[194][195][196]

 
James Kelly was one of Celtic's early directors and also briefly chairman. His son Robert Kelly spent many years as chairman, and further descendants Kevin Kelly and Michael Kelly went on to have prominent roles on the Celtic board.

The late 1940s saw Robert Kelly, son of James Kelly, become chairman of the club after having been a director since 1931. Desmond White also joined the board around this time, upon the death of his father Thomas White.[197] By the 1950s, a significant number of shares in the club had passed to Neil and Felicia Grant, who lived in Toomebridge, County Antrim. These shares accounted for more than a sixth of the club's total issue.[198] Club chairman Robert Kelly's own family share-holding was of a similar size, and he used his close relationship with the Toomebridge Grants to ensure his power base at Celtic was unchallengeable.[198] When Neil Grant died in the early 1960s, his shareholding passed to his sister Felicia, leaving her as the largest share-holder in Celtic.[198][199] This gave rise to the myth among Celtic supporters of the "old lady in Ireland" who supposedly had the ultimate say in the running of the club.[198]

Celtic's board of directors had a reputation of being miserly and authoritarian. In particular they were known for frequently selling their top players and not paying their staff enough; they were also seen as lacking ambition, which caused friction with several managers.[200] Jimmy McGrory's tenure as manager is generally considered a period of underachievement, but with Chairman Robert Kelly's domineering influence. many have questioned how much authority McGrory ever had in team selection.[201][202] Even Jock Stein's time as manager ended on a sour note when he was offered a place on the Celtic board, but in a role involving ticket sales. Stein felt that this was demeaning, stating he was "a football man, not a ticket salesman". He declined this offer and decided to stay in football management, joining Leeds United instead.[203][204][205] Billy McNeill won a trophy in each of his five seasons as manager, but was still paid less than the managers of Rangers, Aberdeen and Dundee United. He left the club in June 1983 after his request for a contract and pay rise was publicly rebuffed by the board. McNeill moved on to manage Manchester City, stating that to remain at Celtic would have been humiliating.[204] McNeill's successor, Davie Hay, also had his difficulties with the Celtic board. When trying to sign players in 1987 to strengthen his squad to compete with high-spending Rangers, the board refused to pay for them; chairman Jack McGinn was quoted as saying that if Hay wanted these players, "he will have to pay for them himself".[206]

By the end of the 1980s the Celtic board consisted of chairman McGinn and directors Kevin Kelly, Chris White, Tom Grant and Jimmy Farrell. Neither McGinn nor Farrell were members of the traditional family dynasties at Celtic. Farrell was a partner in the Shaughnessy law firm that had long-standing connections with Celtic, and was invited to become a director in 1964. McGinn had set up The Celtic View in the 1960s and later became the club's commercial manager. He was given a seat on the board and became chairman in 1986.[207] In May 1990 the former Lord Provost of Glasgow, Michael Kelly, and property developer Brian Dempsey were invited to join the Celtic board.[208][209] Dempsey did not last long however, as a dispute about a proposed relocation to Robroyston resulted in him being voted off the board five months later.[210]

McCann takeover and transition to plc

Throughout the 1960s and 70s Celtic had been one of the strongest clubs in Europe. However, the directors failed to accompany the wave of economic development facing football in the 1980s, although the club continued to remain successful on the field, albeit limited to the domestic scene in Scotland.[211] In 1989, the club's annual budget was £6.4 million, about a third as much as Barcelona, with a debt of around 40% and on-field success deteriorating.[196] In the early 1990s the situation began to worsen as playing success declined dramatically and the club slipped further into debt.[211]

In 1993 fans began organising pressure groups to protest against the board, one of the most prominent being "Celts for Change". They supported a takeover bid led by Canadian-based businessman Fergus McCann and former director Brian Dempsey. Football writer Jim Traynor described McCann's attempt to buy the club as "good against evil".[212] Despite declining attendances and increasing unrest amongst supporters, the Kelly, White and Grant family groupings continued to guard their control of Celtic.[211][196]

On 4 March 1994, McCann bought Celtic for £9 million, finally wresting control from the family dynasties that had run the club for almost 100 years.[213][214] When he bought the club it was reported to be within 24 hours of entering receivership due to exceeding a £5 million overdraft with the Bank of Scotland.[194][213] He turned Celtic into a public limited company through a share issue which raised over £14 million, the most successful share issue in British football history.[194][215] He also oversaw the building of a new stadium, the 60,000 seater Celtic Park, which cost £40 million and at the time was Britain's largest club stadium.[119][194][216] This allowed Celtic to progress as a club because over £20 million was being raised each year from season ticket sales.[194]

McCann had maintained that he would only be at Celtic for five years and in September 1999 he announced that his 50.3% stake in Celtic was for sale. McCann had wanted the ownership of Celtic to be spread as widely as possible and gave first preference to existing shareholders and season-ticket holders, to prevent a new consortium taking over the club.[217] 14.4 million shares were sold by McCann at a value of 280 pence each. McCann made £40 million out of this, meaning he left Celtic with a £31 million profit. During his tenure, turnover at Celtic rose by 385% to £33.8m and operating profits rose from £282,000 to £6.7m.[119] McCann was often criticised during his time at Celtic and many people disagreed with him over building a stadium which they thought Celtic could not fill, not investing enough in the squad and being overly focused on finance. However, McCann was responsible for the financial recovery of the club and for providing a very good platform for it to build on. After he left Celtic, the club were able to invest in players and achieved much success such as winning the treble in 2000–01 and reaching the 2003 UEFA Cup Final.[119][194]

After McCann's exit, Irish billionaire Dermot Desmond was left as the majority shareholder. He purchased 2.8 million of McCann's shares to increase his stake in the club from 13% to 20%.[218]

In 2005, Celtic issued a share offer designed to raise £15 million for the club; 50 million new shares were made available priced at 30p each. It was also revealed that majority shareholder Desmond would buy around £10 million worth of the shares. £10 million of the money raised was for building a new training centre and youth academy, expanding the club's global scouting network and investing in coaching and player development programmes. The rest of the money was to be used to reduce debt. Building a youth academy was important for Celtic to surpass both Hearts and Rangers who had superior youth facilities at the time.[219] The share issue was a success and Celtic had more applicants than shares available,[220] The new Lennoxtown training centre was opened in October 2007.[221]

Celtic have been ranked in the Deloitte Football Money League six times. This lists the top 20 football clubs in the world according to revenue. They were ranked between 2002 (2000–01 season), 2006 (2004–05 season) and 2008 (2006–07 season).[222][223]

Celtic's financial results for 2011 showed that the club's debt had been reduced from £5.5 million to £500,000 and that a pre-tax profit of £100,000 had been achieved, compared with a loss of over £2 million the previous year. Turnover also decreased by 15% from £63 million to £52 million.[224]

In May 2012, Celtic were rated 37th in Brand Finance's annual valuation of the world's biggest football clubs. Celtic's brand was valued at $64 million (£40.7 million), $15 million more than the previous year. It was the first time a Scottish club had been ranked in the top 50. Matt Hannagan, Sports Brand Valuation Analyst at Brand Finance, said that Celtic were constrained by the amount of money they got from the SPL and that if they were in the Premiership then, due to their large fan base, they could be in the top 10 clubs in the world.[225][226] Later that month David Low, the financial consultant who advised Fergus McCann on his takeover of Celtic in 1994, said that Celtic's 'enterprise value' (how much it would cost to buy the club) was £52 million.[227]

Players

First-team squad

As of 8 February 2023[228]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
5 DF   IRL Liam Scales (at Aberdeen until 30 June 2023)
10 FW   SUI Albian Ajeti (at Sturm Graz until 30 June 2023)
12 MF   CIV Ismaila Soro (at Arouca until 30 June 2023)
21 MF   JPN Yosuke Ideguchi (at Avispa Fukuoka until 31 January 2024)
26 DF   NED Osaze Urhoghide (at Oostende until 30 June 2023)
No. Pos. Nation Player
30 MF   ENG Liam Shaw (at Morecambe until 30 June 2023)
54 DF   SCO Adam Montgomery (at St Johnstone until 30 June 2023)
— GK   GRE Vasilis Barkas (at Utrecht until 30 June 2023)
— MF   IRL Mikey Johnston (at Vitória de Guimarães until 30 June 2023)
— FW   IRL Johnny Kenny (at Shamrock Rovers until 30 June 2023)

Academy squads

For more details on the academy squads, see Celtic F.C. B Team and Academy.

Women's team

Main article: Celtic F.C. Women

Celtic have a pathway for female players, from eleven years old upwards.[229] In 2007 the club launched their women's first team, sometimes known as Celtic Women. The women's team reached the Scottish Women's Cup Final in their first season, and won their first trophy in 2010, the Scottish Women's Premier League Cup.[230] In December 2018 they announced a move to full-time training, becoming the first professional women's football team in Scotland.[231]

Former players

For further information, see List of Celtic F.C. players for players with over 100 appearances or other stated notability, List of Celtic F.C. international footballers and Category:Celtic FC players for a general list of ex-players.

Club captains

For further information, see Celtic club captains

List of Celtic F.C. captains
Name Period
  James Kelly 1888–1897
  Dan Doyle 1897–1899
  Sandy McMahon 1899–1903
  Willie Orr 1903–1906
  Jimmy Hay 1906–1911
  Jim Young 1911–1917
  Alec McNair 1917–1920
  Willie Cringan 1920–1923
  Charlie Shaw 1923–1925
  Willie McStay 1925–1929
  Jimmy McStay 1929–1934
  Bobby Hogg 1934–1935
  Willie Lyon 1935–1939
  John McPhail 1948–1953
  Sean Fallon 1952–1953
  Jock Stein 1953–1955
 [232]
Name Period
  Bobby Evans 1955–1957
  Bertie Peacock 1957–1961
  Duncan MacKay 1961–1963
  Billy McNeill 1963–1975
  Kenny Dalglish 1975–1977
  Danny McGrain 1977–1987
  Roy Aitken 1987–1990
  Paul McStay 1990–1997
  Tom Boyd 1997–2002
  Paul Lambert 2002–2004
  Jackie McNamara 2004–2005
  Neil Lennon 2005–2007
  Stephen McManus 2007–2010
  Scott Brown 2010–2021
  Callum McGregor 2021–present

Greatest ever team

In 2002 the greatest ever Celtic team was voted by supporters:[233]

Club officials

For Celtic's B Team and youth management, see Celtic F.C. Under-20s and Academy.

Managerial history

 
Brendan Rodgers led Celtic to a unique unbeaten domestic treble in the 2016–17 season
Main article: List of Celtic F.C. managers
[236]
Name Period
  Willie Maley 1897–1940
  Jimmy McStay 1940–1945
  Jimmy McGrory 1945–1965
  Jock Stein 1965–1978
  Billy McNeill 1978–1983
1987–1991
  David Hay 1983–1987
  Liam Brady 1991–1993
  Lou Macari 1993–1994
  Tommy Burns 1994–1997
  Wim Jansen 1997–1998
 
Name Period
  Jozef Vengloš 1998–1999
  John Barnes 1999–2000
  Martin O'Neill 2000–2005
  Gordon Strachan 2005–2009
  Tony Mowbray 2009–2010
  Neil Lennon 2010–2014
2019–2021
  Ronny Deila 2014–2016
  Brendan Rodgers 2016–2019
  Ange Postecoglou 2021–present

Halls of Fame

Scotland Football Hall of Fame

As of 1 June 2020, 27 Celtic players and managers have entered the Scottish Football Hall of Fame:[237]

Scotland Roll of Honour

The Scotland national football team roll of honour recognises players who have gained 50 or more international caps for Scotland. Inductees to have played for Celtic are:[238]

Numbers in brackets indicate the number of caps the above players won whilst at Celtic.[239]

Scottish Sports Hall of Fame

In the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame, five Celtic players have been selected, they are:

Honours

For a full list of honours including minor, reserve and youth competitions, see list of Celtic F.C. records and statistics § Honours.

Domestic honours

 
Trophy case at Celtic Park

[245][246]

1892–93, 1893–94, 1895–96, 1897–98, 1904–05, 1905–06, 1906–07, 1907–08, 1908–09, 1909–10, 1913–14, 1914–15, 1915–16, 1916–17, 1918–19, 1921–22, 1925–26, 1935–36, 1937–38, 1953–54, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1997–98, 2000–01, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22
1891–92, 1898–99, 1899–1900, 1903–04, 1906–07, 1907–08, 1910–11, 1911–12, 1913–14, 1922–23, 1924–25, 1926–27, 1930–31, 1932–33, 1936–37, 1950–51, 1953–54, 1964–65, 1966–67, 1968–69, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1976–77, 1979–80, 1984–85, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1994–95, 2000–01, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2006–07, 2010–11, 2012–13, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20
1956–57, 1957–58, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70, 1974–75, 1982–83, 1997–98, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22, 2022–23

Continental honours

Other awards

1967[247]
1970[248]
20031[56]
20031[57]
20171[249]

1 Awarded to the fans of Celtic.

Trebles

  • League Title, Scottish Cup, League Cup: 7[250]
1966–67, 1968–69, 2000–01, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20

Doubles

  • League Title and Scottish Cup: 12[251]
1906–07, 1907–08, 1913–14, 1953–54, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1973–74, 1976–77, 1987–88, 2003–04, 2006–07, 2012–13
  • League Title and League Cup: 7[251]
1965–66, 1967–68, 1969–70, 1997–98, 2005–06, 2014–15, 2021–22
  • Scottish Cup and Scottish League Cup: 1[251]
1974–75

Records

Main article: List of Celtic F.C. records and statistics

Club records

See also: Celtic F.C. league record by opponent and Celtic F.C. in European football
  • The Scottish Cup final win against Aberdeen in 1937 was attended by a crowd of 147,365 at Hampden Park in Glasgow, which remains a world record gate for a national cup final,[252] and also the highest attendance for a club football match in Europe.[253]
  • Highest attendance for a European club competition match: 136,505 against Leeds United in the European Cup semi-final at Hampden Park (15 April 1970).[252]
  • Record home attendance: 83,500 against Rangers on 1 January 1938.[nb 2][254][255][256][257] A 3–0 victory for Celtic.[258]
  • UK record for an unbeaten run in domestic professional football: 69 games (60 won, 9 drawn), from 15 May 2016 until 17 December 2017  – a total of 582 days in all.[259]
  • SPL record for an unbeaten run of home matches: 77 games, from 2001 to 2004.[260][261]
  • 14 consecutive League Cup final appearances, from season 1964–65 to 1977–78 inclusive,[262] a world record for successive appearances in the final of a major football competition.[263]
  • World record for total number of goals scored in a season (competitive games only): 196 (season 1966–67).[264]
  • Most goals scored in one Scottish top-flight league match by one player: eight goals by Jimmy McGrory against Dunfermline in 9–0 win on 14 January 1928.[265]
  • Highest score in a domestic British cup final: Celtic 7–1 Rangers (1957 Scottish League Cup Final).[266]
  • Fastest hat-trick in European Club Football: Mark Burchill against Jeunesse Esch in 2000; 3 minutes (between twelfth minute and fifteenth minute), a record at the time.[257][267]
  • Earliest Scottish Premiership title won: Won with eight games remaining in 2017, against Heart of Midlothian on 2 April 2017.[268]
  • Biggest margin of victory in the SPL: 9–0 against Aberdeen, 6 November 2010.[269]
  • Biggest margin of victory in the Scottish Premiership: 9–0 against Dundee United, 28 August 2022.
  • Celtic and Hibernian hold the record for the largest transfer fee between two Scottish clubs (Scott Brown in May 2007).[270]
  • Most expensive export from Scottish football: Kieran Tierney to Arsenal (August 2019).[271]
  • First weekly football club publication in the UK: The Celtic View.[159]
  • First European club to field a player from the Indian sub-continent: Mohammed Salim.[272]
  • Gil Heron, who signed for Celtic in 1951, was the first black person to play professionally in Scotland;[273] his son Gil Scott-Heron rose to prominence in the 1970s as a hugely influential jazz and soul musician.[274]

Individual records

Club partners

As of 12 June 2022, Celtic has partnerships with:[283]

Footnotes

  1. ^ Although the club was "formally constituted" in 1887, no matches were played until 1888. The latter date is listed by the club as their foundation date; for example, on the club badge.
  2. ^ Newspaper reports at the time indicate that the officially returned attendance was given as 83,500, with an estimated further 10,000 supporters locked out of the ground for safety reasons. However, the ground's capacity was gauged at the time as being around 88,000 and several subsequent sources (including the club's official website) have since revised the attendance up to 92,000.

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March 24, 2023
celtic, this, article, about, scottish, football, club, other, football, clubs, named, celtic, celtic, disambiguation, sports, celtic, football, club, commonly, known, celtic, scottish, professional, football, club, based, glasgow, which, plays, scottish, prem. This article is about the Scottish football club For other football clubs named Celtic see Celtic disambiguation Sports The Celtic Football Club commonly known as Celtic ˈ s ɛ l t ɪ k is a Scottish professional football club based in Glasgow which plays in the Scottish Premiership The club was founded in 1887 nb 1 with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the immigrant Irish population in the East End of Glasgow They played their first match in May 1888 a friendly match against Rangers which Celtic won 5 2 Celtic established themselves within Scottish football winning six successive league titles during the first decade of the 20th century The club enjoyed their greatest successes during the 1960s and 70s under Jock Stein when they won nine consecutive league titles and the 1967 European Cup Celtic have played in green and white throughout their history adopting hoops in 1903 which have been used ever since CelticFull nameThe Celtic Football Club 1 Nickname s The BhoysThe CeltsThe HoopsFounded6 November 1887 135 years ago 1887 11 06 GroundCeltic ParkCapacity60 411OwnerCeltic PLC LSE CCP ChairmanPeter LawwellManagerAnge PostecoglouLeagueScottish Premiership2021 22Scottish Premiership 1st of 12 champions WebsiteClub websiteHome coloursAway coloursThird coloursCurrent seasonChart of Celtic s yearly table positions in the Scottish Football League 1890 present Celtic are one of only five clubs in the world to have won over 100 trophies in their history 2 The club has won the Scottish league championship 52 times most recently in 2021 22 the Scottish Cup 40 times and the Scottish League Cup 21 times The club s greatest season was 1966 67 when Celtic became the first British team to win the European Cup also winning the Scottish league championship the Scottish Cup the League Cup and the Glasgow Cup Celtic also reached the 1970 European Cup Final and the 2003 UEFA Cup Final losing in both Celtic have a long standing fierce rivalry with Rangers and the clubs are known as the Old Firm seen by some as the world s biggest football derby The club s fanbase was estimated in 2003 as being around nine million worldwide and there are more than 160 Celtic supporters clubs in over 20 countries An estimated 80 000 fans travelled to Seville for the 2003 UEFA Cup Final and their extraordinarily loyal and sporting behaviour in spite of defeat earned the club Fair Play awards from FIFA and UEFA Contents 1 History 2 Crest and colours 3 Stadium 4 Supporters 4 1 Sectarianism 4 2 Irish republicanism 5 Celtic media 6 Influence on other clubs 7 Celtic and charity 8 Ownership and finances 8 1 Private company 8 2 McCann takeover and transition to plc 9 Players 9 1 First team squad 9 2 Out on loan 9 3 Academy squads 9 4 Women s team 9 5 Former players 9 6 Club captains 9 7 Greatest ever team 10 Club officials 10 1 Board of directors 10 2 Management 10 3 Managerial history 11 Halls of Fame 11 1 Scotland Football Hall of Fame 11 2 Scotland Roll of Honour 11 3 Scottish Sports Hall of Fame 12 Honours 12 1 Domestic honours 12 2 Continental honours 12 3 Other awards 12 4 Trebles 12 5 Doubles 13 Records 13 1 Club records 13 2 Individual records 14 Club partners 15 Footnotes 16 References 17 External linksHistoryMain articles History of Celtic F C 1887 1994 and 1994 present Brother Walfrid founder of Celtic FC Celtic Football Club was formally constituted at a meeting in St Mary s church hall in East Rose Street now Forbes Street Calton Glasgow by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid 3 on 6 November 1887 with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the East End of Glasgow by raising money for the charity Walfrid had instituted the Poor Children s Dinner Table 4 Walfrid s move to establish the club as a means of fund raising was largely inspired by the example of Hibernian which was formed out of the immigrant Irish population a few years earlier in Edinburgh 5 Walfrid s own suggestion of the name Celtic pronounced Seltik was intended to reflect the club s Irish and Scottish roots and was adopted at the same meeting 6 7 The club has the official nickname The Bhoys However according to the Celtic press office the newly established club was known to many as the bold boys A postcard from the early 20th century that pictured the team and read The Bould Bhoys is the first known example of the unique spelling The extra h imitates the spelling system of Gaelic wherein the letter b is often accompanied by the letter h 8 A team photo from the early days of the club around 1889 before the adoption of the hooped jerseys On 28 May 1888 Celtic played their first official match against Rangers and won 5 2 in what was described as a friendly encounter 9 Neil McCallum scored Celtic s first goal 10 Celtic s first kit consisted of a white shirt with a green collar black shorts and emerald green socks 11 The original club crest was a simple green cross on a red oval background 11 In 1889 Celtic reached the final of the Scottish Cup in their first season taking part in the competition but lost 2 1 to Third Lanark 12 Celtic reached the final again in 1892 and this time were victorious after defeating Queen s Park 5 1 the club s first major honour 13 Several months later the club moved to its new ground Celtic Park and in the following season won the Scottish League Championship for the first time 9 In 1895 Celtic set the League record for the highest home score when they beat Dundee 11 0 14 In 1897 the club became a private limited company 15 and Willie Maley was appointed as the first secretary manager 16 Between 1905 and 1910 Celtic won the Scottish League Championship six times in a row 9 17 They also won the Scottish Cup in both 1907 and 1908 the first times a Scottish club had ever won the double 9 18 During World War I Celtic won the league four times in a row including 62 matches unbeaten between November 1915 and April 1917 9 19 The mid 1920s saw the emergence of Jimmy McGrory as one of the most prolific goalscorers in British football history over a sixteen year playing career he scored 550 goals in 547 games including 16 goals for Clydebank during a season on loan in 1923 24 a British goal scoring record to this day 20 21 In January 1940 Willie Maley s retirement was announced He was 71 years old and had served the club in varying roles for nearly 52 years initially as a player and then as secretary manager 22 23 Jimmy McStay became manager of the club in February 1940 24 He spent over five years in this role although due to the Second World War no official competitive league football took place during this time The Scottish Football League and Scottish Cup were suspended and in their place regional league competitions were set up 25 26 Celtic did not do particularly well during the war years but did win the Victory in Europe Cup held in May 1945 as a one off football match to celebrate Victory in Europe Day 27 Ex player and captain Jimmy McGrory took over as manager in 1945 28 Under McGrory Celtic defeated Arsenal Manchester United and Hibernian to win the Coronation Cup a one off tournament held in May 1953 to commemorate the coronation of Elizabeth II 29 He also led them to a League and Cup double in 1954 30 On 19 October 1957 Celtic defeated Rangers in the final of the Scottish League Cup at Hampden Park in Glasgow retaining the trophy they had won for the first time the previous year the 7 1 scoreline remains a record win in a British domestic cup final 31 32 The years that followed however saw Celtic struggle and the club won no more trophies under McGrory 33 Jock Stein in an Amsterdam hotel ahead of a European Cup quarter final against AFC Ajax 1971 Former Celtic captain Jock Stein succeeded McGrory in 1965 34 He won the Scottish Cup in his first few months at the club 35 and then led them to the League title the following season 36 1967 was Celtic s annus mirabilis The club won every competition they entered the Scottish League the Scottish Cup the Scottish League Cup the Glasgow Cup and the European Cup 37 38 Under the leadership of Stein the club defeated Inter Milan 2 1 at the Estadio Nacional in Lisbon on 25 May 1967 to become the first British team 39 40 and indeed the first from outside Spain Portugal and Italy to win the competition They remain the only Scottish team to have reached the final The players that day all of whom were born within 30 miles of Glasgow subsequently became known as the Lisbon Lions 41 The following season Celtic lost to Racing Club of Argentina in the Intercontinental Cup 42 Celtic reached the European Cup Final again in 1970 but were beaten 2 1 by Feyenoord at the San Siro in Milan 43 The club continued to dominate Scottish football in the early 1970s and their Scottish Championship win in 1974 was their ninth consecutive league title equalling the joint world record held at the time by MTK Budapest and CSKA Sofia 44 Celtic enjoyed further domestic success in the 1980s and in their Centenary season of 1987 88 won a Scottish Premier Division and Scottish Cup double 45 The club endured a slump in the early 1990s culminating in the Bank of Scotland informing directors on 3 March 1994 that it was calling in the receivers as a result of the club exceeding a 5 million overdraft 46 However expatriate businessman Fergus McCann wrested control of the club and ousted the family dynasties which had controlled Celtic since its foundation According to media reports McCann took over the club minutes before it was to be declared bankrupt 47 McCann reconstituted the club business as a public limited company Celtic PLC and oversaw the redevelopment of Celtic Park into a 60 832 all seater stadium In 1998 Celtic won the title again under Dutchman Wim Jansen and prevented Rangers from beating their nine in a row record 48 Martin O Neill took charge of the club in June 2000 49 Under his leadership Celtic won three SPL championships out of five losing the others by very small margins 50 and in his first season in charge the club also won the domestic treble 51 making O Neill only the second Celtic manager to do so after Jock Stein 52 In 2003 around 80 000 Celtic fans travelled to watch the club compete in the UEFA Cup Final in Seville 53 54 Celtic lost 3 2 to Porto after extra time despite two goals from Henrik Larsson during normal time 55 The conduct of the thousands of travelling Celtic supporters received widespread praise from the people of Seville and the fans were awarded Fair Play Awards from both FIFA and UEFA for their extraordinarily loyal and sporting behaviour 56 57 Gordon Strachan was announced as O Neill s replacement in June 2005 and after winning the SPL title in his first year in charge 58 he became only the third Celtic manager to win three titles in a row He also guided Celtic to their first UEFA Champions League knockout stage in 2006 07 59 and repeated the feat in 2007 08 60 before departing the club in May 2009 after failing to win the SPL title 61 Tony Mowbray took charge of the club in June 2009 62 and he was succeeded a year later by Neil Lennon 63 In November 2010 Celtic set an SPL record for the biggest win in SPL history defeating Aberdeen 9 0 at Celtic Park 64 Celtic celebrated their 125th anniversary in November 2012 the same week as a Champions League match against Barcelona 65 They won 2 1 on the night to complete a memorable week 66 and eventually qualified from the group stages for the round of 16 67 Celtic finished the season with the SPL and Scottish Cup double 68 The club clinched their third consecutive league title in March 2014 69 with goalkeeper Fraser Forster setting a new record during the campaign of 1 256 minutes without conceding a goal in a league match 70 At the end of the season manager Neil Lennon announced his departure from the club after four years in the role 71 Norwegian Ronny Deila was appointed manager of Celtic on 6 June 2014 72 73 He went on to lead the team to two consecutive league titles and a League Cup but the team s performances in European competition were poor After being eliminated from the Scottish Cup by Rangers in April 2016 Deila announced he would leave the club at the end of the season 74 75 On 20 May 2016 Brendan Rodgers was announced as Deila s successor 75 76 His first season saw the team go on a long unbeaten run in domestic competitions during which time the club won their 100th major trophy defeating Aberdeen 3 0 in the League Cup Final in November 2016 77 Celtic also clinched their sixth successive league title in April 2017 with a record eight league games to spare 78 and eventually finished with a record 106 points becoming the first Scottish side to complete a top flight league season undefeated since Rangers in 1899 79 80 Celtic clinched their fourth treble by defeating Aberdeen 2 1 in the 2017 Scottish Cup Final the result of which saw the club go through the entire domestic season unbeaten 81 Celtic continued their unbeaten domestic run into the following season eventually extending it to 69 games surpassing their own 100 year old British record of 62 games before finally losing to Hearts in November 2017 82 83 Celtic retained the League Cup that same month by defeating Motherwell in the final 84 and went on to clinch their seventh consecutive league title in April 2018 85 They went on to defeat Motherwell again in the 2018 Scottish Cup Final to clinch a second consecutive domestic treble the double treble the first club in Scotland to do so 86 Rodgers left the club midway through following season to join Leicester City 87 Neil Lennon returned as caretaker manager for the rest of the season and helped Celtic secure an unprecedented third consecutive domestic treble the treble treble defeating Hearts 2 1 in the 2019 Scottish Cup Final 88 Later that month he was confirmed as the club s new manager 89 In December 2019 Lennon led Celtic to a 1 0 win over Rangers in the 2019 Scottish League Cup Final the club s tenth consecutive domestic trophy 90 By March 2020 Celtic were 13 points ahead in the league when professional football in Scotland was suspended due to the COVID 19 pandemic in the United Kingdom 91 92 they were confirmed as champions in May 2020 following a SPFL board meeting where it was agreed that completing the full league campaign was infeasible 93 The completion of the 2019 20 Scottish Cup was delayed with the semi finals and final between Celtic and Hearts as in the previous year not taking place until late autumn winter of 2020 Celtic won on penalty kicks after the sides tied at 3 3 after extra time clinching a fourth successive treble 94 However Celtic struggled throughout the 2020 21 season with poor performances in Europe knocked out of the League Cup by Ross County and by February 2021 were trailing 18 points behind Rangers in the league effectively ending their hopes of winning ten in a row league titles Lennon resigned on 24 February 2021 with assistant manager John Kennedy taking interim charge of the team 95 In the closing weeks of the season Celtic were knocked out of the Scottish Cup by Rangers which condemned them to their first trophy less season since 2010 96 and finished the league campaign 25 points behind their Glasgow rivals 97 Crest and colours Wikimedia Commons has media related to Celtic F C kits The club crest adopted on the team s football shirts in 1977 based on a badge originating from the 1930s The special crest that was adopted in seasons 1987 88 amp 1988 89 to celebrate the club s centenary Special commemorative crest used in season 2017 18 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the club s European Cup Final win in 1967 For most of Celtic s history their home strip has featured green and white horizontal hoops but their original strip consisted of a white top with black shorts and black and green hooped socks The top also featured the Marist Brothers badge on the right hand side consisting of a green Celtic cross inside a red circle 11 98 In 1889 the club changed to a green and white vertically striped top and for the next fourteen years this remained unchanged although the colour of the shorts alternated between white and black several times over this period The top did not feature a crest 11 99 In 1903 Celtic adopted their now famous green and white hooped tops The new design was worn for the first time on 15 August 1903 in a match against Partick Thistle 11 Black socks continued to be worn until the early 1930s at which point the team switched to green socks Plain white socks came into use in the mid 1960s and white has been the predominant colour worn since then 11 History of Celtic football strips 11 1888 1889 1903 1903 1932 1932 1965 1965 onwardsThe club began using a badge in the 1930s featuring a four leaf clover logo surrounded by the club s formal title The Celtic Football and Athletic Coy Ltd 100 However it was not until 1977 that Celtic finally adopted the club crest on their shirts The outer segment was reversed out with white lettering on a green background on the team shirts The text around the clover logo on the shirts was also shortened from the official club crest to The Celtic Football Club 100 For their centenary year in 1988 a commemorative crest was worn featuring the Celtic cross that appeared on their first shirts The 1977 version was reinstated for season 1989 90 11 From 1945 onwards numbered shirts slowly came into use throughout Scotland before becoming compulsory in 1960 By this time Celtic were the last club in Britain to adopt the use of numbers on the team strip to identify players The traditionalist and idealistic Celtic chairman Robert Kelly baulked at the prospect of the famous green and white hoops being disfigured and as such Celtic wore their numbers on the players shorts 11 This unusual tradition survived until 1994 although numbered shirts were worn in European competition from 1975 onwards 11 Celtic s tradition of wearing numbers on their shorts rather than on the back of their shirts was brought to an end when the Scottish Football League instructed Celtic to wear numbers on their shirts from the start of the 1994 95 season Celtic responded by adding numbers to the top of their sleeves however within a few weeks the football authorities ordered the club to attach them to the back of their shirts where they appeared on a large white patch breaking up the green and white hoops 11 In 1984 Celtic took up shirt sponsorship for the first time with Fife based double glazing firm CR Smith having their logo emblazoned on the front of the team jersey 101 102 In season 1991 92 Celtic switched to Glasgow based car sales company Peoples as sponsors 103 The club failed to secure a shirt sponsor for season 1992 93 and for the first time since the early 1980s Celtic took to the field in unblemished hoops 104 105 Despite the loss of marketing revenue sales of the new unsponsored replica top increased dramatically 105 Celtic regained shirt sponsorship for season 1993 94 with CR Smith returning as shirt sponsors in a four year deal 101 106 In 2005 the club severed their connection with Umbro suppliers of their kits since the 1960s and entered into a contract with Nike To mark the 40th anniversary of their European Cup win a special crest was introduced for the 2007 08 season The star that represents this triumph was retained when the usual crest was reinstated the following season 11 In 2012 a retro style kit was designed by Nike that included narrower hoops to mark the club s 125th anniversary A special crest was introduced with a Celtic knot design embroidered round the traditional badge A third choice strip based on the first strip from 1888 was also adopted for the season 11 In March 2015 Celtic agreed a new kit deal worth 30 million with Boston based sportswear manufacturer New Balance to replace Nike from the start of the 2015 16 season 107 All of the kits for the 2017 18 season paid tribute to the Lisbon Lions with the kits having a line on each side to represent the handles of the European Cup The kits also included a commemorative crest designed specifically for the season 108 The regular crest was reinstated the following season although the away strip featured a Celtic cross once again in reference to the club s heritage 11 In March 2020 Celtic announced a new five year partnership with Adidas starting on 1 July 2020 in a deal believed to be the biggest kit sponsorship ever in Scottish sport 109 Period 11 Kit manufacturer 11 Shirt sponsor front 11 Shirt sponsor back 11 1960s 1984 Umbro none none1984 1991 CR Smith1991 1992 Peoples Ford1992 1993 none1993 1997 CR Smith1997 1999 Umbro1999 2003 NTL2003 2005 Carling2005 2010 Nike2010 2013 Tennents2013 2015 Magners2015 2016 New Balance2016 2020 Dafabet Magners2020 AdidasStadiumMain article Celtic Park Statue of Jock Stein outside Celtic Park Celtic s stadium is Celtic Park which is in the Parkhead area of Glasgow Celtic Park an all seater stadium with a capacity of 60 411 110 is the largest football stadium in Scotland and the eighth largest stadium in the United Kingdom after Murrayfield Old Trafford Twickenham Wembley the London Stadium Tottenham Hotspur Stadium and the Millennium Stadium It is commonly known as Parkhead 111 or Paradise 112 113 Celtic opened the original Celtic Park in the Parkhead area in 1888 114 The club moved to a different site in 1892 however when the rental charge was greatly increased 115 The new site was developed into an oval shaped stadium with vast terracing sections 116 The record attendance of 83 500 was set by an Old Firm derby on 1 January 1938 115 The terraces were covered and floodlights were installed between 1957 and 1971 115 The Taylor Report mandated that all major clubs should have an all seated stadium by August 1994 117 Celtic was in a bad financial position in the early 1990s and no major work was carried out until Fergus McCann took control of the club in March 1994 He carried out a plan to demolish the old terraces and develop a new stadium in a phased rebuild which was completed in August 1998 During this development Celtic spent the 1994 95 season playing at the national stadium Hampden Park costing the club 500 000 in rent 118 The total cost of the new stadium on its completion was 40 million 119 Celtic Park has been used as a venue for Scotland internationals and Cup Finals particularly when Hampden Park has been unavailable 120 Before the First World War Celtic Park hosted various other sporting events including composite rules shinty hurling 121 track and field and the 1897 Track Cycling World Championships 115 Open air masses 115 and First World War recruitment drives have also been held there 122 In more recent years Celtic Park has hosted the Opening Ceremonies of the 2014 Commonwealth Games 123 the 2005 Special Olympics National Games and the 1990 Special Olympics European Games 124 Celtic Park has occasionally been used for concerts including performances by The Who and U2 125 In July 2016 Celtic Park became the first British football stadium to have a rail seating safe standing area in the ground Rail seating is particularly common in Germany s Bundesliga most notably at Borussia Dortmund s Westfalenstadion a ground with a reputation on par with Celtic Park for its intensity and atmosphere 126 127 128 In June 2018 Celtic announced a series of stadium improvements that would be implemented before the 2018 19 season These include the installation of new LED floodlights and a new entertainment system a stadium wide PA system and a new hybrid playing surface 129 A panoramic view of Celtic ParkSupportersMain article Celtic F C supporters In 2003 Celtic were estimated to have a fan base of nine million people including one million in the US and Canada 130 There are over 160 Celtic Supporters Clubs in over 20 countries around the world 131 An estimated 80 000 Celtic supporters many without match tickets travelled to Seville in Spain for the UEFA Cup Final in May 2003 56 57 132 The club s fans subsequently received awards from UEFA and FIFA for their behaviour at the match 53 54 56 57 133 Celtic has the highest average home attendance of any Scottish club 134 They also had the 12th highest average league attendance out of all the football clubs in Europe in 2011 135 A study of stadium attendance figures from 2013 to 2018 by the CIES Football Observatory ranked Celtic at 16th in the world during that period and their proportion of the distribution of spectators in Scotland at 36 5 the highest of any club in the leagues examined 136 In October 2013 French football magazine So Foot fr published a list of whom they considered the best football supporters in the world Celtic fans were placed third the only club in Britain on the list with the magazine highlighting their rendition of You ll Never Walk Alone before the start of European ties at Celtic Park 137 On 23 October 2017 Celtic fans were awarded with the FIFA Fan Award for their tifo commemorating the 50th anniversary of the club s European cup win The award celebrates the best fan moment of November 2016 to August 2017 138 Sectarianism Main articles Old Firm and Sectarianism in Glasgow Celtic s traditional rivals are Rangers collectively the two clubs are known as the Old Firm 139 and seen by some as the world s biggest football derby 140 141 The two have dominated Scottish football s history 139 between them they have won the Scottish league championship 107 times as of May 2022 since its inception in 1890 all other clubs combined have won 19 championships 142 The two clubs are also by far the most supported in Scotland with Celtic having the sixth highest home attendance in the UK during season 2014 15 143 144 Celtic have a historic association with the people of Ireland and Scots of Irish descent both of whom are mainly Roman Catholic 145 Traditionally fans of rivals Rangers came from Scottish or Northern Irish Protestant backgrounds and support Unionism in Ireland 145 The clubs have attracted the support of opposing factions in the Troubles in Northern Ireland Some supporters use songs chants and banners at matches to abuse or show support for the Protestant or Catholic religions and proclaim support for Northern Irish paramilitary groups such as the IRA and UVF 146 There have been over 400 Old Firm matches played 147 The games have been described as having an atmosphere of hatred religious tension and intimidation which continues to lead to violence in communities across Scotland 146 The rivalry has fuelled many assaults and even deaths on Old Firm Derby days Admissions to hospital emergency rooms have been reported to increase ninefold over normal levels 148 and in the period from 1996 to 2003 eight deaths in Glasgow were directly linked to Old Firm matches and hundreds of assaults 148 149 Both sets of fans fought on the pitch after Celtic s victory in the 1980 Scottish Cup Final at Hampden Park 150 There was serious fan disorder during an Old Firm match played in May 1999 at Celtic Park missiles were thrown by Celtic fans including one which struck referee Hugh Dallas who needed medical treatment and a small number of fans invaded the pitch 151 Celtic have taken measures to reduce sectarianism In 1996 the club launched its Bhoys Against Bigotry campaign later followed by Youth Against Bigotry to educate the young on having respect for all aspects of the community all races all colours all creeds 152 Irish republicanism Some groups of Celtic fans have expressed their support for Irish republicanism and the Irish Republican Army by singing or chanting about them at matches 153 154 In 2008 and 2010 there were protests by groups of fans over the team wearing the poppy for Remembrance Day as the symbol is opposed by Irish Republicans owing to its association with the British military 155 156 Celtic expressed disapproval of these protests saying they were damaging to the image of the club and its fans and pledged to ban those involved 156 In 2011 UEFA and the Scottish Premier League investigated the club over pro IRA chants by fans at different games UEFA fined Celtic 12 700 while the SPL took no action as the club had taken all reasonable action to prevent the chants 157 Celtic media The Celtic View In 1965 Celtic began publishing its own newspaper The Celtic View now the oldest club magazine in football 158 It was the brainchild of future chairman Jack McGinn who at the time was working in the circulation department of Beaverbrook Newspapers 159 McGinn himself edited the paper for the first few years with circulation initially reaching around 26 000 copies 160 By 2020 it was a 72 page glossy magazine with over 6 000 weekly readers and the top selling club magazine in the United Kingdom In the spring of 2020 the magazine saw a temporary cease of production due to the outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic in the UK 161 However in August 2021 Celtic announced the restart of the production activities for the magazine which was turned into a 100 page quarterly publication 162 From 2002 Celtic s Internet TV channel Channel67 previously known as Celtic Replay broadcast Celtic s own content worldwide and offered live match coverage to subscribers outside the UK It also provided three online channels In 2004 Celtic launched their own digital TV channel called Celtic TV which was available in the UK through Setanta Sports on satellite and cable platforms Due to the collapse of Setanta in the UK in June 2009 Celtic TV stopped broadcasting although the club hoped to find a new broadcast partner 163 In 2011 Celtic TV was relaunched as an online service and replaced Channel 67 164 165 Influence on other clubsDue to Celtic s large following several clubs have decided to emulate or have been inspired by Celtic As the club has a large following especially in Northern Ireland several clubs have been founded there by local Celtic fans The most notable and successful was Belfast Celtic formed in 1891 simply as Celtic Upon incorporation as a limited company in 1901 however the club adopted the name Belfast Celtic the title Celtic Football Club Ltd already being registered by the Glasgow club 166 Their home from the same year was Celtic Park on Donegall Road in west Belfast known to the fans as Paradise 167 It was one of the most successful teams in Ireland until it withdrew from the Irish League in 1949 168 Donegal Celtic currently playing in the NIFL Premier Intermediate League 169 was established in 1970 170 with the Celtic part being taken on due to the massive local following for Scotland s Celtic and formerly Belfast Celtic 171 172 They are nicknamed The Wee Hoops and play at Donegal Celtic Park on Suffolk Road in Belfast 170 A club by the name of Lurgan Celtic was originally formed in 1903 with the obvious slant of aiming towards the Roman Catholic community of the town adopting the name and colours of the Glaswegian Celtic 173 The County Armagh club currently plays in the NIFL Championship 174 In the Republic of Ireland both Tuam Celtic A F C and Castlebar Celtic F C play at grounds called Celtic Park 175 176 Throughout Scotland and England other clubs have been named after and adopted Celtic s kit These include the now defunct Scottish club Blantyre Celtic F C 177 Irish club Listowel Celtic F C citation needed and English lower league clubs Cleator Moor Celtic F C which was founded in 1908 09 by Irish immigrants employed in the local iron ore mines 178 Celtic Nation F C now defunct 179 180 and West Allotment Celtic F C 181 Somerset club Yeovil Town F C who traditionally wore an all green shirt modified their uniform to emulate Celtic s inspired by the Scottish club s 2003 UEFA Cup run 182 Outside the British Isles South African club Bloemfontein Celtic F C one of the most popular club in the country with a large fan base in the Free State is also named after Celtic F C Founded in 1969 as Mangaung United in 1984 the then owner Molemela took over the club and changed the name to Bloemfontein Celtic Based in Bloemfontein they play in the Premier Soccer League 183 In the United States of America Hurricanes F C of Houston Texas rebranded as Celtic FC America in 2019 and play in the Texas Premier Soccer League 184 Celtic and charityCeltic was initially founded to raise money for the poor in the East End of Glasgow and the club still retain strong charitable traditions today 185 In 1995 the Celtic Charity Fund was formed with the aim of revitalising Celtic s charitable traditions and by September 2013 had raised over 5 million 186 187 The Charity Fund has since then merged with the Celtic Foundation forming the Celtic FC Foundation and continues to raise money for local national and international causes 188 189 On 9 August 2011 Celtic held a testimonial match in honour of former player John Kennedy Due to the humanitarian crisis in East Africa the entire proceeds were donated to Oxfam An estimated 300 000 was raised 190 Celtic hold an annual charity fashion show at Celtic Park In 2011 the main beneficiaries were Breast Cancer Care Scotland 187 Yorkhill Hospital is another charity with whom Celtic are affiliated and in December 2011 the club donated 3000 to it Chief Executive Peter Lawwell said that Celtic has always been much more than a football club and it is important that at all times we play an important role in the wider community The club is delighted to have enjoyed such a long and positive connection with Yorkhill Hospital 191 Ownership and financesPrivate company Celtic were formed in 1887 and in 1897 the club became a Private Limited Company with a nominal share capital of 5000 shares at 1 each 9 192 The following year a further share issue of 5000 1 shares was created to raise more capital The largest number of shares held were by businessmen from the East End of Glasgow notably James Grant an Irish publican and engineer James Kelly one of the club s original players turned publican and John Glass a builder and driving force in the early years of the club 192 His shares upon his death in 1906 passed on to Thomas White 193 The Grant Kelly and White families shareholdings dominated ownership of the club throughout the 20th century 194 195 196 James Kelly was one of Celtic s early directors and also briefly chairman His son Robert Kelly spent many years as chairman and further descendants Kevin Kelly and Michael Kelly went on to have prominent roles on the Celtic board The late 1940s saw Robert Kelly son of James Kelly become chairman of the club after having been a director since 1931 Desmond White also joined the board around this time upon the death of his father Thomas White 197 By the 1950s a significant number of shares in the club had passed to Neil and Felicia Grant who lived in Toomebridge County Antrim These shares accounted for more than a sixth of the club s total issue 198 Club chairman Robert Kelly s own family share holding was of a similar size and he used his close relationship with the Toomebridge Grants to ensure his power base at Celtic was unchallengeable 198 When Neil Grant died in the early 1960s his shareholding passed to his sister Felicia leaving her as the largest share holder in Celtic 198 199 This gave rise to the myth among Celtic supporters of the old lady in Ireland who supposedly had the ultimate say in the running of the club 198 Celtic s board of directors had a reputation of being miserly and authoritarian In particular they were known for frequently selling their top players and not paying their staff enough they were also seen as lacking ambition which caused friction with several managers 200 Jimmy McGrory s tenure as manager is generally considered a period of underachievement but with Chairman Robert Kelly s domineering influence many have questioned how much authority McGrory ever had in team selection 201 202 Even Jock Stein s time as manager ended on a sour note when he was offered a place on the Celtic board but in a role involving ticket sales Stein felt that this was demeaning stating he was a football man not a ticket salesman He declined this offer and decided to stay in football management joining Leeds United instead 203 204 205 Billy McNeill won a trophy in each of his five seasons as manager but was still paid less than the managers of Rangers Aberdeen and Dundee United He left the club in June 1983 after his request for a contract and pay rise was publicly rebuffed by the board McNeill moved on to manage Manchester City stating that to remain at Celtic would have been humiliating 204 McNeill s successor Davie Hay also had his difficulties with the Celtic board When trying to sign players in 1987 to strengthen his squad to compete with high spending Rangers the board refused to pay for them chairman Jack McGinn was quoted as saying that if Hay wanted these players he will have to pay for them himself 206 By the end of the 1980s the Celtic board consisted of chairman McGinn and directors Kevin Kelly Chris White Tom Grant and Jimmy Farrell Neither McGinn nor Farrell were members of the traditional family dynasties at Celtic Farrell was a partner in the Shaughnessy law firm that had long standing connections with Celtic and was invited to become a director in 1964 McGinn had set up The Celtic View in the 1960s and later became the club s commercial manager He was given a seat on the board and became chairman in 1986 207 In May 1990 the former Lord Provost of Glasgow Michael Kelly and property developer Brian Dempsey were invited to join the Celtic board 208 209 Dempsey did not last long however as a dispute about a proposed relocation to Robroyston resulted in him being voted off the board five months later 210 McCann takeover and transition to plc Throughout the 1960s and 70s Celtic had been one of the strongest clubs in Europe However the directors failed to accompany the wave of economic development facing football in the 1980s although the club continued to remain successful on the field albeit limited to the domestic scene in Scotland 211 In 1989 the club s annual budget was 6 4 million about a third as much as Barcelona with a debt of around 40 and on field success deteriorating 196 In the early 1990s the situation began to worsen as playing success declined dramatically and the club slipped further into debt 211 In 1993 fans began organising pressure groups to protest against the board one of the most prominent being Celts for Change They supported a takeover bid led by Canadian based businessman Fergus McCann and former director Brian Dempsey Football writer Jim Traynor described McCann s attempt to buy the club as good against evil 212 Despite declining attendances and increasing unrest amongst supporters the Kelly White and Grant family groupings continued to guard their control of Celtic 211 196 On 4 March 1994 McCann bought Celtic for 9 million finally wresting control from the family dynasties that had run the club for almost 100 years 213 214 When he bought the club it was reported to be within 24 hours of entering receivership due to exceeding a 5 million overdraft with the Bank of Scotland 194 213 He turned Celtic into a public limited company through a share issue which raised over 14 million the most successful share issue in British football history 194 215 He also oversaw the building of a new stadium the 60 000 seater Celtic Park which cost 40 million and at the time was Britain s largest club stadium 119 194 216 This allowed Celtic to progress as a club because over 20 million was being raised each year from season ticket sales 194 McCann had maintained that he would only be at Celtic for five years and in September 1999 he announced that his 50 3 stake in Celtic was for sale McCann had wanted the ownership of Celtic to be spread as widely as possible and gave first preference to existing shareholders and season ticket holders to prevent a new consortium taking over the club 217 14 4 million shares were sold by McCann at a value of 280 pence each McCann made 40 million out of this meaning he left Celtic with a 31 million profit During his tenure turnover at Celtic rose by 385 to 33 8m and operating profits rose from 282 000 to 6 7m 119 McCann was often criticised during his time at Celtic and many people disagreed with him over building a stadium which they thought Celtic could not fill not investing enough in the squad and being overly focused on finance However McCann was responsible for the financial recovery of the club and for providing a very good platform for it to build on After he left Celtic the club were able to invest in players and achieved much success such as winning the treble in 2000 01 and reaching the 2003 UEFA Cup Final 119 194 After McCann s exit Irish billionaire Dermot Desmond was left as the majority shareholder He purchased 2 8 million of McCann s shares to increase his stake in the club from 13 to 20 218 In 2005 Celtic issued a share offer designed to raise 15 million for the club 50 million new shares were made available priced at 30p each It was also revealed that majority shareholder Desmond would buy around 10 million worth of the shares 10 million of the money raised was for building a new training centre and youth academy expanding the club s global scouting network and investing in coaching and player development programmes The rest of the money was to be used to reduce debt Building a youth academy was important for Celtic to surpass both Hearts and Rangers who had superior youth facilities at the time 219 The share issue was a success and Celtic had more applicants than shares available 220 The new Lennoxtown training centre was opened in October 2007 221 Celtic have been ranked in the Deloitte Football Money League six times This lists the top 20 football clubs in the world according to revenue They were ranked between 2002 2000 01 season 2006 2004 05 season and 2008 2006 07 season 222 223 Celtic s financial results for 2011 showed that the club s debt had been reduced from 5 5 million to 500 000 and that a pre tax profit of 100 000 had been achieved compared with a loss of over 2 million the previous year Turnover also decreased by 15 from 63 million to 52 million 224 In May 2012 Celtic were rated 37th in Brand Finance s annual valuation of the world s biggest football clubs Celtic s brand was valued at 64 million 40 7 million 15 million more than the previous year It was the first time a Scottish club had been ranked in the top 50 Matt Hannagan Sports Brand Valuation Analyst at Brand Finance said that Celtic were constrained by the amount of money they got from the SPL and that if they were in the Premiership then due to their large fan base they could be in the top 10 clubs in the world 225 226 Later that month David Low the financial consultant who advised Fergus McCann on his takeover of Celtic in 1994 said that Celtic s enterprise value how much it would cost to buy the club was 52 million 227 PlayersFirst team squad As of 8 February 2023 228 Note Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules Players may hold more than one non FIFA nationality No Pos Nation Player1 GK ENG Joe Hart2 DF CAN Alistair Johnston3 DF SCO Greg Taylor4 DF SWE Carl Starfelt8 FW JPN Kyogo Furuhashi9 FW MNE Sead Haksabanovic11 FW ISR Liel Abada13 MF AUS Aaron Mooy14 MF SCO David Turnbull16 MF IRL James McCarthy17 FW POR Jota18 DF JPN Yuki Kobayashi19 FW KOR Oh Hyeon gyu No Pos Nation Player20 DF USA Cameron Carter Vickers24 MF JPN Tomoki Iwata on loan from Yokohama F Marinos 25 DF ARG Alexandro Bernabei29 GK SCO Scott Bain31 GK SUI Benjamin Siegrist33 MF DEN Matt O Riley38 FW JPN Daizen Maeda41 MF JPN Reo Hatate42 MF SCO Callum McGregor captain 49 MF SCO James Forrest56 DF SCO Anthony Ralston57 DF SCO Stephen Welsh65 GK NIR Conor HazardOut on loan Note Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules Players may hold more than one non FIFA nationality No Pos Nation Player5 DF IRL Liam Scales at Aberdeen until 30 June 2023 10 FW SUI Albian Ajeti at Sturm Graz until 30 June 2023 12 MF CIV Ismaila Soro at Arouca until 30 June 2023 21 MF JPN Yosuke Ideguchi at Avispa Fukuoka until 31 January 2024 26 DF NED Osaze Urhoghide at Oostende until 30 June 2023 No Pos Nation Player30 MF ENG Liam Shaw at Morecambe until 30 June 2023 54 DF SCO Adam Montgomery at St Johnstone until 30 June 2023 GK GRE Vasilis Barkas at Utrecht until 30 June 2023 MF IRL Mikey Johnston at Vitoria de Guimaraes until 30 June 2023 FW IRL Johnny Kenny at Shamrock Rovers until 30 June 2023 Academy squads For more details on the academy squads see Celtic F C B Team and Academy Women s team Main article Celtic F C Women Celtic have a pathway for female players from eleven years old upwards 229 In 2007 the club launched their women s first team sometimes known as Celtic Women The women s team reached the Scottish Women s Cup Final in their first season and won their first trophy in 2010 the Scottish Women s Premier League Cup 230 In December 2018 they announced a move to full time training becoming the first professional women s football team in Scotland 231 Former players For further information see List of Celtic F C players for players with over 100 appearances or other stated notability List of Celtic F C international footballers and Category Celtic FC players for a general list of ex players Club captains For further information see Celtic club captains List of Celtic F C captains Name Period James Kelly 1888 1897 Dan Doyle 1897 1899 Sandy McMahon 1899 1903 Willie Orr 1903 1906 Jimmy Hay 1906 1911 Jim Young 1911 1917 Alec McNair 1917 1920 Willie Cringan 1920 1923 Charlie Shaw 1923 1925 Willie McStay 1925 1929 Jimmy McStay 1929 1934 Bobby Hogg 1934 1935 Willie Lyon 1935 1939 John McPhail 1948 1953 Sean Fallon 1952 1953 Jock Stein 1953 1955 232 Name Period Bobby Evans 1955 1957 Bertie Peacock 1957 1961 Duncan MacKay 1961 1963 Billy McNeill 1963 1975 Kenny Dalglish 1975 1977 Danny McGrain 1977 1987 Roy Aitken 1987 1990 Paul McStay 1990 1997 Tom Boyd 1997 2002 Paul Lambert 2002 2004 Jackie McNamara 2004 2005 Neil Lennon 2005 2007 Stephen McManus 2007 2010 Scott Brown 2010 2021 Callum McGregor 2021 presentGreatest ever team SIMPSON McNEILL MURDOCH GEMMELL McGRAIN JOHNSTONE AULD McSTAY LARSSON DALGLISH LENNOXGreatest ever Celtic teamIn 2002 the greatest ever Celtic team was voted by supporters 233 Ronnie Simpson Danny McGrain Tommy Gemmell Bobby Murdoch Paul McStay Billy McNeill Voted Celtic s greatest ever captain Bertie Auld Jimmy Johnstone Voted Celtic s greatest ever player Bobby Lennox Kenny Dalglish Henrik Larsson Voted Celtic s greatest ever foreign playerClub officialsBoard of directors Position 234 NameChairman Peter LawwellChief Executive Michael NicholsonChief Financial Officer Chris McKaySenior independent director Tom AllisonIndependent non executive director Sharon BrownIndependent non executive director Dermot DesmondIndependent non executive director Brian WilsonCompany secretary Chris Duffy Management Position 235 NameManager Ange PostecoglouAssistant Manager John KennedyFirst Team Coach Harry KewellGavin StrachanGoalkeeping Coach Stevie WoodsHead of First Team Scouting and Recruitment Mark LawwellHead of Sports Science Anton McElhonePhysio Tim Williamson For Celtic s B Team and youth management see Celtic F C Under 20s and Academy Managerial history Brendan Rodgers led Celtic to a unique unbeaten domestic treble in the 2016 17 season Main article List of Celtic F C managers 236 Name Period Willie Maley 1897 1940 Jimmy McStay 1940 1945 Jimmy McGrory 1945 1965 Jock Stein 1965 1978 Billy McNeill 1978 19831987 1991 David Hay 1983 1987 Liam Brady 1991 1993 Lou Macari 1993 1994 Tommy Burns 1994 1997 Wim Jansen 1997 1998 Name Period Jozef Venglos 1998 1999 John Barnes 1999 2000 Martin O Neill 2000 2005 Gordon Strachan 2005 2009 Tony Mowbray 2009 2010 Neil Lennon 2010 20142019 2021 Ronny Deila 2014 2016 Brendan Rodgers 2016 2019 Ange Postecoglou 2021 presentHalls of FameScotland Football Hall of Fame As of 1 June 2020 27 Celtic players and managers have entered the Scottish Football Hall of Fame 237 Roy Aitken Bertie Auld Stevie Chalmers John Clark Jim Craig Paddy Crerand Sir Kenny Dalglish MBE Jimmy Delaney Bobby Evans Tommy Gemmell Mo Johnston Jimmy Johnstone Paul Lambert Henrik Larsson Bobby Lennox Willie Maley Danny McGrain Jimmy McGrory Billy McNeill Paul McStay Bobby Murdoch Charlie Nicholas Ronnie Simpson Jock Stein CBE Gordon Strachan John Thomson Willie Wallace Scotland Roll of Honour The Scotland national football team roll of honour recognises players who have gained 50 or more international caps for Scotland Inductees to have played for Celtic are 238 Roy Aitken 50 Tom Boyd 66 Scott Brown 52 Gary Caldwell 17 John Collins 32 Kenny Dalglish MBE 47 Craig Gordon 14 Danny McGrain MBE 62 Paul McStay 76 Kenny Miller 7 Numbers in brackets indicate the number of caps the above players won whilst at Celtic 239 Scottish Sports Hall of Fame In the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame five Celtic players have been selected they are Sir Kenny Dalglish MBE 240 Jimmy Johnstone 241 Jimmy McGrory 242 Billy McNeill MBE 243 Jock Stein CBE 244 HonoursFor a full list of honours including minor reserve and youth competitions see list of Celtic F C records and statistics Honours Domestic honours Trophy case at Celtic Park 245 246 Scottish League Championship 521892 93 1893 94 1895 96 1897 98 1904 05 1905 06 1906 07 1907 08 1908 09 1909 10 1913 14 1914 15 1915 16 1916 17 1918 19 1921 22 1925 26 1935 36 1937 38 1953 54 1965 66 1966 67 1967 68 1968 69 1969 70 1970 71 1971 72 1972 73 1973 74 1976 77 1978 79 1980 81 1981 82 1985 86 1987 88 1997 98 2000 01 2001 02 2003 04 2005 06 2006 07 2007 08 2011 12 2012 13 2013 14 2014 15 2015 16 2016 17 2017 18 2018 19 2019 20 2021 22 dd Scottish Cup 40 record 1891 92 1898 99 1899 1900 1903 04 1906 07 1907 08 1910 11 1911 12 1913 14 1922 23 1924 25 1926 27 1930 31 1932 33 1936 37 1950 51 1953 54 1964 65 1966 67 1968 69 1970 71 1971 72 1973 74 1974 75 1976 77 1979 80 1984 85 1987 88 1988 89 1994 95 2000 01 2003 04 2004 05 2006 07 2010 11 2012 13 2016 17 2017 18 2018 19 2019 20 dd Scottish League Cup 211956 57 1957 58 1965 66 1966 67 1967 68 1968 69 1969 70 1974 75 1982 83 1997 98 1999 2000 2000 01 2005 06 2008 09 2014 15 2016 17 2017 18 2018 19 2019 20 2021 22 2022 23 dd Continental honours European Cup Winners 1966 67 39 Runners up 1969 70 43 UEFA Cup Runners up 2002 03 55 Intercontinental Cup Runners up 1967 42 Other awards BBC Sports Personality of the Year Team Award 11967 247 dd France Football European Team of the Year 11970 248 dd FIFA Fair Play Award 120031 56 dd UEFA Fair Play Award 120031 57 dd FIFA Fan Award 120171 249 dd 1 Awarded to the fans of Celtic Trebles League Title Scottish Cup League Cup 7 250 1966 67 1968 69 2000 01 2016 17 2017 18 2018 19 2019 20 dd Doubles League Title and Scottish Cup 12 251 1906 07 1907 08 1913 14 1953 54 1970 71 1971 72 1973 74 1976 77 1987 88 2003 04 2006 07 2012 13 dd League Title and League Cup 7 251 1965 66 1967 68 1969 70 1997 98 2005 06 2014 15 2021 22 dd Scottish Cup and Scottish League Cup 1 251 1974 75 dd RecordsMain article List of Celtic F C records and statistics Club records See also Celtic F C league record by opponent and Celtic F C in European football The Scottish Cup final win against Aberdeen in 1937 was attended by a crowd of 147 365 at Hampden Park in Glasgow which remains a world record gate for a national cup final 252 and also the highest attendance for a club football match in Europe 253 Highest attendance for a European club competition match 136 505 against Leeds United in the European Cup semi final at Hampden Park 15 April 1970 252 Record home attendance 83 500 against Rangers on 1 January 1938 nb 2 254 255 256 257 A 3 0 victory for Celtic 258 UK record for an unbeaten run in domestic professional football 69 games 60 won 9 drawn from 15 May 2016 until 17 December 2017 a total of 582 days in all 259 SPL record for an unbeaten run of home matches 77 games from 2001 to 2004 260 261 14 consecutive League Cup final appearances from season 1964 65 to 1977 78 inclusive 262 a world record for successive appearances in the final of a major football competition 263 World record for total number of goals scored in a season competitive games only 196 season 1966 67 264 Most goals scored in one Scottish top flight league match by one player eight goals by Jimmy McGrory against Dunfermline in 9 0 win on 14 January 1928 265 Highest score in a domestic British cup final Celtic 7 1 Rangers 1957 Scottish League Cup Final 266 Fastest hat trick in European Club Football Mark Burchill against Jeunesse Esch in 2000 3 minutes between twelfth minute and fifteenth minute a record at the time 257 267 Earliest Scottish Premiership title won Won with eight games remaining in 2017 against Heart of Midlothian on 2 April 2017 268 Biggest margin of victory in the SPL 9 0 against Aberdeen 6 November 2010 269 Biggest margin of victory in the Scottish Premiership 9 0 against Dundee United 28 August 2022 Celtic and Hibernian hold the record for the largest transfer fee between two Scottish clubs Scott Brown in May 2007 270 Most expensive export from Scottish football Kieran Tierney to Arsenal August 2019 271 First weekly football club publication in the UK The Celtic View 159 First European club to field a player from the Indian sub continent Mohammed Salim 272 Gil Heron who signed for Celtic in 1951 was the first black person to play professionally in Scotland 273 his son Gil Scott Heron rose to prominence in the 1970s as a hugely influential jazz and soul musician 274 Individual records Record appearances all competitions Billy McNeill 822 from 1957 to 1975 275 Record appearances League Alec McNair 583 from 1904 to 1925 276 Most capped player for Scotland 102 47 whilst at Celtic Kenny Dalglish 277 Most international caps for Scotland while a Celtic player 76 Paul McStay 278 Most caps won whilst at Celtic 80 Pat Bonner 278 Record scorer Jimmy McGrory 522 1922 23 1937 38 275 279 Record scorer in league Jimmy McGrory 396 276 Most goals in a season all competitions Jimmy McGrory 62 1927 28 47 in League 15 in Cup competitions 280 Most goals in a season league only Jimmy McGrory 50 281 1935 36 282 Club partnersAs of 12 June 2022 Celtic has partnerships with 283 Adidas Dafabet Magners Intelligent Car Leasing JD Sports Coca Cola Powerade Sky Sports BT Sport Eden Mill Konami Eleven Sports Media Forbes on the Square Celtic Compare Cadbury Clyde 1 Go Radio Nirvana Europe Primal Strength Homeheat Utilita Energy Be Cordial Hotels University of the West of Scotland Catapult Sports My Personal English Coach Vitality Soccer Supplement Squalk The Turmeric Co UFL Indigo Unified Communications SorareFootnotes Although the club was formally constituted in 1887 no matches were played until 1888 The latter date is listed by the club as their foundation date for example on 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