Blagoevgrad Province
41°45′N 23°15′E / 41.750°N 23.250°E
Blagoevgrad Province Област Благоевград | |
|---|---|
Location of Blagoevgrad Province in Bulgaria | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Capital | Blagoevgrad |
| Municipalities | 14 |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Biser Mihaylov |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6,449.47 km2 (2,490.15 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 555 m (1,821 ft) |
| Population (December 2022)[1] | |
| • Total | 288,161 |
| • Density | 45/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| License plate | E |
| Website | www |
Blagoevgrad Province (Bulgarian: област Благоевград, oblast Blagoevgrad or Благоевградска област, Blagoevgradska oblast), also known as Pirin Macedonia or Bulgarian Macedonia (Bulgarian: Пиринска Македония; Българска Македония), (Pirinska Makedoniya or Bulgarska Makedoniya) is a province (oblast) of southwestern Bulgaria. It borders four other Bulgarian provinces to the north and east, the Greek region of Macedonia to the south, and North Macedonia to the west. The province has 14 municipalities with 12 towns. Its principal city is Blagoevgrad, while other significant towns include Bansko, Gotse Delchev, Melnik, Petrich, Razlog, Sandanski, and Simitli.
Geography edit
The province has a territory of 6,449.5 km2 (2,490.2 sq mi) and a population of 323,552[1] (as of 2011[update]). It is the third largest in Bulgaria after Burgas and Sofia Provinces and comprises 5.8% of the country's territory. Blagoevgrad Province includes the mountains, or parts of, Rila (highest point of the Balkans — Musala summit, 2925 m), Pirin (highest point — Vihren summit, 2914 m), the Rhodopes, Slavyanka, Belasitsa, Vlahina, Maleshevo, Ograzhden and Stargach. There are two major rivers — Struma River and Mesta River — with population concentrations along their valleys, which are also the main transport corridors.
Climate edit
The climate varies from temperate continental to Mediterranean in the southernmost parts. Natural resources are timber, mineral springs, coal, construction materials, including marble and granite. The beautiful and preserved environment is widely considered an important resource. A number of national parks and protected territories care for the biodiversity. Arable land is 38.8% and forests constitute 52% of the province's territory.
History edit
The Balkan Wars of 1912–1913 saw the annexation of the area to the Bulgarian state. Before the wars, it had been under Ottoman rule for over five centuries.
Municipalities edit
The Blagoevgrad province (област, oblast) contains 14 municipalities (singular: община, obshtina - plural: общини, obshtini). The following table shows the names of each municipality in English and Cyrillic, the main town (in bold) or village, and the population of each as of 2011.
| Municipality | Cyrillic | Pop.[1] census 2011 | Town/Village | Pop.[1] census 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bansko | Банско | 13,125 | Bansko | 8,562 |
| Belitsa | Белица | 9,927 | Belitsa | 3,362 |
| Blagoevgrad | Благоевград | 77,441 | Blagoevgrad | 70,881 |
| Garmen | Гърмен | 14,981 | Garmen | 1,982 |
| Gotse Delchev | Гоце Делчев | 31,236 | Gotse Delchev | 19,219 |
| Hadzhidimovo | Хаджидимово | 10,091 | Hadzhidimovo | 2,730 |
| Kresna | Кресна | 5,441 | Kresna | 3,470 |
| Petrich | Петрич | 54,006 | Petrich | 28,902 |
| Razlog | Разлог | 20,598 | Razlog | 11,960 |
| Sandanski | Сандански | 40,470 | Sandanski | 26,472 |
| Satovcha | Сатовча | 15,444 | Satovcha | 2,434 |
| Simitli | Симитли | 14,283 | Simitli | 6,674 |
| Strumyani | Струмяни | 5,778 | Strumyani | 998 |
| Yakoruda | Якоруда | 10,731 | Yakoruda | 5,792 |
Economy edit
The region is characterized with diversified economic branch structure: food and tobacco processing industries, agriculture, tourism, transport and communications, textile industry, timber and furniture industries, iron processing and machinery industry, construction materials industry, as well as pharmaceuticals, plastics, paper and shoes production. Approximately 10% of the population is unemployed (close to the national average). There are 4 major hospitals in the province.[citation needed]
With its railway line and road connection, the region forms the heart of the land-based trading route between northern Greece, Bulgaria and Romania. Since the early 2000s the province enjoys a mini boom in trade from thousands of Greek day-trippers from across the border, purchasing cheaper goods and services (dental, opticians, etc.). Since the early 1990s, the region has also attracted Greek manufacturers who moved their production line from Greece, especially to Petrich. It was an important tourist destination during the communist years for East Germans and is slowly picking up again. The unique town of Melnik was once a wealthy centre built on the back of exiled phanariots from Constantinople. Now it is a centre for wine production and offers eco-tourism.
Infrastructure remains relatively underdeveloped, especially regarding road and rail communications. It remains an important target for potential EU funding. There are two major infrastructural projects in the region. The Struma motorway, which is planned to connect the capital Sofia with the Greek border and the port of Thessaloniki, is going to run through the valley of the Sruma River, and will be ready in a few years. The second project is the airport of Bansko. The cost is currently estimated at around €30,000,000.
Culture, education and monuments edit
Historical and archaeological monuments include the ruins of antique Thracian and Roman settlements, Early Christian basilicas, medieval Byzantine and Bulgarian towns, monasteries and fortresses, as well as many preserved buildings and whole villages — examples of the architecture from the Ottoman period (like Melnik, the Rozhen Monastery and Bansko).
A theatre, a library with 345,000 tomes, and an opera house are situated in the provincial centre, Blagoevgrad. There are art galleries in Bansko, Blagoevgrad and Sandanski. Many small cultural institutions, chitalishta, are dispersed around the province. The Pirin State Ensemble is the most prominent among the numerous folklore and music bands. There are 10 museums in the province that preserve the rich historical, ethnographic and archaeological heritage. Cultural events include the Theatre Festival in Blagoevgrad, the Jazz Festival in Bansko and the Melnik Evenings of Poetry.
The Southwestern University and the American University in Bulgaria are situated in Blagoevgrad; the latter is the second largest American university campus in Europe and is located in the former headquarters of the communist party. Annually the city draws around 10,000 students from the country and abroad. The number of schools in the province is 182.[citation needed]
Notable people from Blagoevgrad Province edit
A number of the province's towns were renamed in honor of major figures such as Sandanski (after Yane Sandanski).
- Paisiy Hilendarski (1722–1773)
- Neofit Rilski (1793–1881)
- Georgi Izmirliev (1851–1876)
- Boris Sarafov (1872–1907)
- Yane Sandanski (1872–1915)
- Nikola Vaptsarov (1909–1942)
- Georgi Pirinski (1948)
- Rosen Plevneliev (1964)
Demographics edit
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1946 | 252,908 | — |
| 1956 | 281,015 | +11.1% |
| 1965 | 302,503 | +7.6% |
| 1975 | 322,974 | +6.8% |
| 1985 | 345,942 | +7.1% |
| 1992 | 351,637 | +1.6% |
| 2001 | 341,173 | −3.0% |
| 2011 | 323,552 | −5.2% |
| 2021 | 292,227 | −9.7% |
| Source: pop-stat.mashke.org[2] | ||
The province had a population of 323,552 according to the 2011 census, of which 49.3% were male and 50.9% were female.[3][4][5][6]
Ethnic groups edit
Total population (2011 census): 323 552
Ethnic groups (2011 census):[7] Identified themselves: 283,556 persons:
- Bulgarians: 251,097 (88,55%)
- Turks: 17,027 (6,0%)
- Romani: 9,739 (3,43%)
- Others and indefinable: 5,693 (2,01%)
- Unspecified: 40,524 (this figure is not included in the percentage.)
The ethnic Bulgarian population in the province also has a regional Macedonian identity, distinct from the ethnic Macedonian identity of Macedonians in the Republic of North Macedonia.[8] According to the 2011 Bulgarian census, there were 561 ethnic Macedonians (0.2%) in the Blagoevgrad Province,[9] out of a total of 1,654 Macedonians in the entire country.[10] During the same year, a total of 429 citizens of the Republic of North Macedonia resided in the province.[11] Since registering a permanent residence in Bulgaria is a requirement for becoming naturalized in Bulgaria, a total of 18,000 Macedonian nationals were registered as residents in the Blagoevgrad Municipality alone by 2017. They are citizens of the Republic of North Macedonia, but have also Bulgarian citizenship, based on declared Bulgarian ethnic origin; their number in the whole of the province is higher.[12] However, the vast majority of these people do not permanently reside in the Blagoevgrad Province.
Languages edit
Mother tongues in the province according to 2001 census:[13] 306,118 Bulgarian (89.7%), 19,819 Turkish (5.8%), 9,232 Romani (2.7%) and 6004 others and unspecified (1.6%).
Religion edit
Religious adherence in the province according to 2001 census:[15]
| Census 2001 | ||
|---|---|---|
| religious adherence | population | % |
| Orthodox Christians | 268,968 | 78.84% |
| Muslims | 62,431 | 18.30% |
| Protestants | 1,546 | 0.45% |
| Roman Catholics | 277 | 0.08% |
| Other | 933 | 0.27% |
| Religion not mentioned | 7,018 | 2.06% |
| total | 341,173 | 100% |
Most Muslims in the province are Bulgarian Muslims, also called Pomaks. That makes Blagoevgrad Province together with Smolyan Province and the area around Velingrad one of the few places where Bulgarian Muslims make up the majority of the Muslims while in Bulgaria general most Muslims are from Turkish background.
Sport edit
Blagoevgrad Province is currently one of the best-represented provinces in Bulgarian football, with 3 teams playing in the Bulgarian A PFG (second only to Sofia with 4) — FC Vihren Sandanski, PFC Belasitsa Petrich and PFC Pirin 1922 Blagoevgrad. One more team from the province, PFC Pirin Blagoevgrad (as distinct from Pirin 1922), began the 2005/06 season in the highest Bulgarian division, but disbanded shortly afterwards due to financial problems.
Owing to the alpine features and accessible location, the northern and eastern regionof Blagoevgrad Province is also a centre of winter sports. The main centre is Bansko which is becoming a leading skiing resort at European level with rapidly rising property prices.
Gallery edit
- Tevno Vasilashko Lake in Pirin
- Kamenitsa Peak and lake Tevno ezero in Pirin
- Sinanitsa Peak in Pirin
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-
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- The defeat of the army of Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria in the medieval Battle of Kleidion
- The Rozhen Monastery from the outside
- The Church of the Holy Trinity in Bansko
- Genеral Ivan Tsonchev's revolutionary band
- Lieutenant Boris Sarafov's revolutionary band
- Monument to the perished Bulgarian soldiers during World War I in Petrich
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- Petrich at night
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d Census 2011[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Divisions of Bulgaria" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2024-04-03.
- ^ (in Bulgarian) Bulgarian National Statistical Institute - 2011 census 2011-07-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ „WorldCityPopulation“
- ^ „pop-stat.mashke.org“
- ^ (in Bulgarian) Population by 01.02.2011 by Area and Sex 2011-04-08 at the Wayback Machine from Bulgarian National Statistical Institute: Preliminary results of Census 2011
- ^ Population by province, municipality, settlement and ethnic identification, by 01.02.2011; Bulgarian National Statistical Institute 2013-05-21 at the Wayback Machine (in Bulgarian)
- ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-07-23. Retrieved 2008-07-03.
- ^ Население по етническа група и майчин език в област: Благоевград.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Преброяване 2011 – окончателни резултати, гл. ІІІ. Основни резултати, стр. 23.
- ^ 323 552 души е населението на Пиринско.
- ^ в-к Труд, Март 26, 2017, В Благоевградска община има регистрирани 18 хиляди македонци.
- ^ (in Bulgarian) Population to 01.03.2001 by District and Mother Tongue from Bulgarian National Statistical Institute: Census 2001 2017-11-10 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ ""Religious composition: 2011 census"". pop-stat.mashke.org. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
- ^ (in Bulgarian) Religious adherence in Bulgaria - census 2001 2010-09-07 at the Wayback Machine
Sources edit
- Who are the Macedonians? by Hugh Poulton. London: 1995.
External links edit
- Blagoevgrad Province — information on all of cities and villages
- Municipality of Blagoevgrad
- Municipality of Gotse Delchev 2008-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
- Municipality of Sandanski 2011-08-09 at the Wayback Machine
- Municipality of Petrich
- Official website of Bansko
- Neofit Rilski Southwestern University
- American University in Bulgaria
- Historical and Architectural Reserve Village Kovachevitsa 2008-01-11 at the Wayback Machine
- Rozhen Monastery St. Nativity of Virgin Mary
- Bansko Ski Zone
- Beautiful Blagoevgrad Online
- Kordopulova House in Melnik 2019-05-08 at the Wayback Machine
- Radio Blagoevgrad online, regional station of the Bulgarian National Radio (in Bulgarian)
- (in Bulgarian)
- Struma Daily newspaper of South-Western Bulgaria (in Bulgarian)
- Village Dabrava - Blagoevgrad