fbpx
Wikipedia

Beaufortia (plant)

January 01, 1970

Beaufortia is a genus of woody shrubs and small trees in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Southwest Australia. The genus Beaufortia is closely related to Melaleuca, Calothamnus, Regelia and several others, differing mainly in the way the anthers are attached to the stalks of the stamens, and in the way they open to release their pollen. Beaufortia anthers are attached at one end and open by splitting at the other.[3][4]

Beaufortia
B. orbifolia growing near Ravensthorpe
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Subfamily: Myrtoideae
Tribe: Melaleuceae
Genus: Beaufortia
R.Br.[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Beaufortia sect. Eubeaufortia Schauer nom. inval.
  • Beaufortia sect. Eubeaufortia Schauer nom. inval.
  • Beaufortia sect. Eubeaufortia Schauer nom. inval.
  • Beaufortia sect. Schizopleura Lindl.
  • Beaufortiae Lindl. orth. var.
  • Beaufortiae sect. Schizopleura Lindl. orth. var.
  • Schizopleura (Lindl.) Endl.

Description edit

Plants in the genus Beaufortia, sometimes commonly known as bottlebrush are evergreen shrubs with very small, glandular, aromatic leaves usually oppositely arranged. The tallest are up to 3 m (10 ft) in height. Most are andromonoecious, meaning they have both male and bisexual flowers on one plant. The flowers are in spikelike or headlike inflorescences. The flower has five triangular sepals and five white, yellow, red, pink, or purple petals, which are sometimes hairy. The petals usually fall off as the flower opens, or shortly after that. The stamens are red or deep pink, arranged in five bundles and extend well beyond the petals, giving the inflorescence its colour. Unlike other closely related genera such as Melaleuca, the anthers are attached to the filament at their base and release their pollen through two curved slits on the other end. Flowering in most species occurs throughout the year but mostly between late spring and autumn. The fruit is a dehiscent capsule with three valves, each holding a winged seed.[5][6][7]

Taxonomy and naming edit

The first formal description of the genus Beaufortia was published in 1812 by Robert Brown in William Aiton's Hortus Kewensis.[8] It was followed by a description of the first-named species, Beaufortia decussata.[9] The genus was named for the English gardener and botanist Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort.[6] In Curtis's Botanical Magazine it is noted that "her grace possessed a flourishing botanical garden at her seat, at Badminton, in Gloucestershire".[10] Some taxonomists have suggested that Beaufortia along with Calothamnus, Conothamnus, Eremaea, Lamarchea, Petraeomyrtus, Phymatocarpus and Regelia should be included in the genus Melaleuca but the change has not been adopted by most herbaria.[5]

Distribution and habitat edit

All species of Beaufortia occur in the South West Botanical Province and about half the species also occur in the Eremaean province. Beaufortias are often found in sand plain and in heath, although Beaufortia sparsa usually grows in marshy places and is known by the common name swamp bottlebrush.[11]

Ecology edit

Most beaufortias are serotinous, only reproducing from seed, released from the fruit after fire. Several species which occur in areas where fire is frequent, have a lignotuber which resprouts after fire. Honeyeaters (Family Meliphagidae) and the honey possum (Tarsipes rostratus) are thought to be the main pollinators but many kinds of insect have also been recorded on beaufortia flowers.[5]

Conservation edit

Some species of Beaufortia are common within their range but several, including Beaufortia bicolor, are classified as "Priority Three" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife,[6] meaning that they are poorly known and known from only a few locations but are not under imminent threat.[12]

Use in cultivation edit

All the species of Beaufortia are worth trialling in the garden but few have been grown successfully in eastern Australia. They require full sun and excellent drainage and benefit from being grown over limestone. Grafting onto Kunzea ambigua may also improve the chance of success.[13]

Species list edit

The following is a list of the 22 species of Beaufortia recognised by the Australian Plant Census and Western Australian Herbarium as at March 2020:[2][14]

References edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beaufortia.
  1. ^ "Corymbia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Beaufortia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  3. ^ Rye, Barbara Lynette (2009). "An interim key to the Western Australian tribes and genera of Myrtaceae" (PDF). Nuytsia. 19 (2): 313–323. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  4. ^ Fagg, Murray. "Myrtaceae illustrations". Australian National Botanic Garden. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  5. ^ a b c Burbidge, Andrew A. (2016). "A taxonomic revision of Beaufortia (Myrtaceae: Melaleuceae)". Nuytsia. 27: 165–202.
  6. ^ a b c "Beaufortia". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  7. ^ Kubitzki, Klaus, ed. (2010). The families and genera of vascular plants sapindales, cucurbitales, myrtaceae. Heidelberg: Springer. p. 237. ISBN 9783642143977. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  8. ^ "Beaufortia". APNI. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  9. ^ Brown, Robert (1812). Hortus Kewensis (2nd ed.). Paternoster Row, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. p. 418. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  10. ^ Sims, John (1840). Curtis's Botanical magazine (Vol. XLII). London: Sherwood, Neely and Jones. p. 1733. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
  11. ^ Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray (1993). Bottlebrushes, paperbarks & tea trees, and all other plants in the Leptospermum alliance (1 ed.). Pymble, N.S.W.: Angus & Robertson. p. 47. ISBN 0207168679.
  12. ^ "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  13. ^ Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray (1983). Australian native plants : a manual for their propagation, cultivation and use in landscaping (2nd ed.). Sydney: Collins. pp. 182–183. ISBN 0002165759.
  14. ^ "Beaufortia". Western Australian Herbarium. Retrieved 8 August 2015.

January 01, 1970
beaufortia, plant, beaufortia, genus, woody, shrubs, small, trees, family, myrtaceae, endemic, southwest, australia, genus, beaufortia, closely, related, melaleuca, calothamnus, regelia, several, others, differing, mainly, anthers, attached, stalks, stamens, t. Beaufortia is a genus of woody shrubs and small trees in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Southwest Australia The genus Beaufortia is closely related to Melaleuca Calothamnus Regelia and several others differing mainly in the way the anthers are attached to the stalks of the stamens and in the way they open to release their pollen Beaufortia anthers are attached at one end and open by splitting at the other 3 4 Beaufortia B orbifolia growing near Ravensthorpe Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Myrtales Family Myrtaceae Subfamily Myrtoideae Tribe Melaleuceae Genus BeaufortiaR Br 1 Synonyms 2 Beaufortia sect Eubeaufortia Schauer nom inval Beaufortia sect Eubeaufortia Schauer nom inval Beaufortia sect Eubeaufortia Schauer nom inval Beaufortia sect Schizopleura Lindl Beaufortiae Lindl orth var Beaufortiae sect Schizopleura Lindl orth var Schizopleura Lindl Endl Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy and naming 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Ecology 5 Conservation 6 Use in cultivation 7 Species list 8 ReferencesDescription editPlants in the genus Beaufortia sometimes commonly known as bottlebrush are evergreen shrubs with very small glandular aromatic leaves usually oppositely arranged The tallest are up to 3 m 10 ft in height Most are andromonoecious meaning they have both male and bisexual flowers on one plant The flowers are in spikelike or headlike inflorescences The flower has five triangular sepals and five white yellow red pink or purple petals which are sometimes hairy The petals usually fall off as the flower opens or shortly after that The stamens are red or deep pink arranged in five bundles and extend well beyond the petals giving the inflorescence its colour Unlike other closely related genera such as Melaleuca the anthers are attached to the filament at their base and release their pollen through two curved slits on the other end Flowering in most species occurs throughout the year but mostly between late spring and autumn The fruit is a dehiscent capsule with three valves each holding a winged seed 5 6 7 Taxonomy and naming editThe first formal description of the genus Beaufortia was published in 1812 by Robert Brown in William Aiton s Hortus Kewensis 8 It was followed by a description of the first named species Beaufortia decussata 9 The genus was named for the English gardener and botanist Mary Somerset Duchess of Beaufort 6 In Curtis s Botanical Magazine it is noted that her grace possessed a flourishing botanical garden at her seat at Badminton in Gloucestershire 10 Some taxonomists have suggested that Beaufortia along with Calothamnus Conothamnus Eremaea Lamarchea Petraeomyrtus Phymatocarpus and Regelia should be included in the genus Melaleuca but the change has not been adopted by most herbaria 5 Distribution and habitat editAll species of Beaufortia occur in the South West Botanical Province and about half the species also occur in the Eremaean province Beaufortias are often found in sand plain and in heath although Beaufortia sparsa usually grows in marshy places and is known by the common name swamp bottlebrush 11 Ecology editMost beaufortias are serotinous only reproducing from seed released from the fruit after fire Several species which occur in areas where fire is frequent have a lignotuber which resprouts after fire Honeyeaters Family Meliphagidae and the honey possum Tarsipes rostratus are thought to be the main pollinators but many kinds of insect have also been recorded on beaufortia flowers 5 Conservation editSome species of Beaufortia are common within their range but several including Beaufortia bicolor are classified as Priority Three by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife 6 meaning that they are poorly known and known from only a few locations but are not under imminent threat 12 Use in cultivation editAll the species of Beaufortia are worth trialling in the garden but few have been grown successfully in eastern Australia They require full sun and excellent drainage and benefit from being grown over limestone Grafting onto Kunzea ambigua may also improve the chance of success 13 Species list editThe following is a list of the 22 species of Beaufortia recognised by the Australian Plant Census and Western Australian Herbarium as at March 2020 2 14 Beaufortia aestivaK J Brooks Kalbarri beaufortia Beaufortia anisandraSchauer dark beaufortia Beaufortia bicolorStrid Badgingarra beaufortia Beaufortia bracteosaDiels Beaufortia burbidgeae A A Burb column beaufortia Beaufortia cyrtodonta Turcz Benth Stirling Range beaufortia Beaufortia decussataR Br gravel bottlebrush Beaufortia elegansSchauer elegant beaufortia Beaufortia empetrifolia Rchb Schauer south coast beaufortia Beaufortia eriocephalaW Fitzg woolly beaufortia Beaufortia incana Benth A S George grey leaved beaufortia Beaufortia kwongkanicola A A Burb Lesueur beaufortia Beaufortia macrostemonLindl Darling Range beaufortia Beaufortia micranthaSchauer small leaved beaufortia Beaufortia orbifolia F Muell Ravensthorpe bottlebrush Beaufortia puberula Turcz hairy leaved beaufortia Beaufortia purpureaLindl purple beaufortia Beaufortia raggedensis A A Burb Mount Ragged beaufortia Beaufortia schaueriSchauer pink beaufortia Beaufortia sparsaR Br swamp bottlebrush Beaufortia sprengelioides DC Craven Shark Bay beaufortia Beaufortia squarrosaSchauer sand bottlebrushReferences edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beaufortia Corymbia Australian Plant Census Retrieved 10 March 2020 a b Beaufortia Australian Plant Census Retrieved 10 March 2020 Rye Barbara Lynette 2009 An interim key to the Western Australian tribes and genera of Myrtaceae PDF Nuytsia 19 2 313 323 Retrieved 8 August 2015 Fagg Murray Myrtaceae illustrations Australian National Botanic Garden Retrieved 17 August 2015 a b c Burbidge Andrew A 2016 A taxonomic revision of Beaufortia Myrtaceae Melaleuceae Nuytsia 27 165 202 a b c Beaufortia FloraBase Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Kubitzki Klaus ed 2010 The families and genera of vascular plants sapindales cucurbitales myrtaceae Heidelberg Springer p 237 ISBN 9783642143977 Retrieved 8 August 2015 Beaufortia APNI Retrieved 8 August 2015 Brown Robert 1812 Hortus Kewensis 2nd ed Paternoster Row London Longman Hurst Rees Orme and Brown p 418 Retrieved 8 August 2015 Sims John 1840 Curtis s Botanical magazine Vol XLII London Sherwood Neely and Jones p 1733 Retrieved 19 August 2015 Wrigley John W Fagg Murray 1993 Bottlebrushes paperbarks amp tea trees and all other plants in the Leptospermum alliance 1 ed Pymble N S W Angus amp Robertson p 47 ISBN 0207168679 Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna PDF Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife Retrieved 28 October 2019 Wrigley John W Fagg Murray 1983 Australian native plants a manual for their propagation cultivation and use in landscaping 2nd ed Sydney Collins pp 182 183 ISBN 0002165759 Beaufortia Western Australian Herbarium Retrieved 8 August 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Beaufortia plant amp oldid 1195307788, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.