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Arthur Brown Jr.

January 29, 2023

For the American murderer on death row, see Arthur Brown Jr. (murderer).

Arthur Brown Jr. (1874–1957) was an American architect, based in San Francisco and designer of many of its landmarks. He is known for his work with John Bakewell Jr. as Bakewell and Brown, along with later works after the partnership dissolved in 1927.

Arthur Brown Jr.

Career

Brown was a member of Beta Theta Pi fraternity and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1896, where he and his future partner, John Bakewell Jr. (1872–1963), also a member of Beta Theta Pi, were both protégés of famed Bay Area architect Bernard Maybeck. Brown went to Paris and graduated from the École des Beaux-Arts in 1901, attending the atelier of Victor Laloux, before returning to San Francisco to establish his practice with Bakewell in 1905.

Their first commissions included the interior of the City of Paris department store and the city hall for Berkeley, California, before entering the competition for the 1915 San Francisco City Hall for which they are best known. Brown also designed the city's War Memorial Opera House and Veterans Building, the former in collaboration with G. Albert Lansburgh. Brown was meticulously trained in the rigorous Beaux-Arts tradition, and in the City Hall project his attention extended to the smallest details of light fixtures, floor patterning and doorknobs.

 
War Memorial Opera House, San Francisco

In addition to their well-known monumental works, Bakewell and Brown designed several homes in the Arts and Crafts style championed by Maybeck. Early among them were two redwood framed "double houses" for Stanford University in 1908, and the only fraternity house they designed de novo, the Beta Chi Chapter House of Sigma Nu in 1910 (razed by the University in 1991 despite student and alumni efforts to give it historic designation and restore it).[1][2] They later designed additions to Ernest Coxhead's 1893 Beta Theta Pi house they had lived in as undergraduates, now a listed Berkeley landmark.[3]

The firm went on to design a series of familiar San Francisco landmarks, and many buildings at Stanford University, before Brown dissolved the partnership in 1927. For contractual reasons many buildings at Stanford through the 1930s continued to be credited to both.[4]

Bakewell and Brown also designed the Byzantine-inspired Temple Emmanuel (1926) at Lake St. and Arguello Blvd. in San Francisco, and the Pasadena City Hall (1927).,[5][6]

Most of Brown's later San Francisco works employed a stripped-down classicism. The poured-concrete Art Moderne Coit Tower (1932), that crowns Telegraph Hill is an important Modernist landmark in the Bay Area. Coit Tower was the site of some of the first public works murals executed under the Public Works Administration, later known as the WPA. "The primitive nature of Coit Tower would lend itself better to that sort of thing than other public buildings," was Arthur Brown's first reaction to the project. Diego Rivera included Brown among the designers and craftsmen in his fresco mural of The Making of a Fresco Showing the Building of a City (1931).

 
San Francisco City Hall, completed 1915

In Washington, D. C. Brown designed the Interstate Commerce Commission Building, its near-twin the Department of Labor Building, and the Andrew W. Mellon Auditorium. All three form part of the Federal Triangle, the largest construction project undertaken by the US Federal government prior to The Pentagon. Preliminary designs were begun in 1927, with construction in the Depression years between 1932 and 1934. The new buildings were to be designed to reflect the "dignity and power of the nation."

Brown's last works were primarily at UC Berkeley, where Brown served as campus planner and chief architect from 1936 to 1950. His principal buildings there include Sproul Hall, the Bancroft Library,[7] and the Cyclotron Building,[8] commissioned by Ernest Lawrence and J. Robert Oppenheimer.

 
Coit Tower, dedicated 1933

Brown was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects in 1930. Among the draftsmen in his office was Clarence W. W. Mayhew. In 1943, Brown was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member, and became a full member in 1953.[9]

Work

In San Francisco unless otherwise noted:

References

  1. ^ "Synergy House demolished". News.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
  2. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-08. Retrieved 2009-09-13.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ (PDF). www.ci.berkeley.ca.us. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 5, 2009.
  4. ^ Stanford Historical Society (2007). Historic Houses IV: Early Residential Communities of the Lower San Juan District. Stanford, California: Stanford Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9664249-5-9.
  5. ^ . Archived from the original on 2013-05-08. Retrieved 2013-04-18.
  6. ^ [1][dead link]
  7. ^ a b "UC Berkeley Buildings, Features & Sites | Environmental Design Library | UC Berkeley". Lib.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2012-08-15.
  8. ^ https://commons.lbl.gov/download/attachments/76187570/LBNL-Vision-Plan-Feb09.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1316823566912[bare URL PDF]
  9. ^ . Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2013-11-26.
  10. ^ "PENINSULA INSIDER -- Folger Estate up for Sale in Woodside / Atari founder asking $8.9 million for it". 25 April 1996.
  11. ^ . Ced.berkeley.edu. Archived from the original on 2012-09-11. Retrieved 2012-08-15.

Further reading

  • Tilman, Jeffrey T. (2006). Arthur Brown Jr., Progressive Classicist. W. W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-73178-2.

External links

 
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Arthur Brown Jr..

January 29, 2023
arthur, brown, american, murderer, death, murderer, 1874, 1957, american, architect, based, francisco, designer, many, landmarks, known, work, with, john, bakewell, bakewell, brown, along, with, later, works, after, partnership, dissolved, 1927, contents, care. For the American murderer on death row see Arthur Brown Jr murderer Arthur Brown Jr 1874 1957 was an American architect based in San Francisco and designer of many of its landmarks He is known for his work with John Bakewell Jr as Bakewell and Brown along with later works after the partnership dissolved in 1927 Arthur Brown Jr Contents 1 Career 2 Work 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksCareer EditBrown was a member of Beta Theta Pi fraternity and graduated from the University of California Berkeley in 1896 where he and his future partner John Bakewell Jr 1872 1963 also a member of Beta Theta Pi were both proteges of famed Bay Area architect Bernard Maybeck Brown went to Paris and graduated from the Ecole des Beaux Arts in 1901 attending the atelier of Victor Laloux before returning to San Francisco to establish his practice with Bakewell in 1905 Their first commissions included the interior of the City of Paris department store and the city hall for Berkeley California before entering the competition for the 1915 San Francisco City Hall for which they are best known Brown also designed the city s War Memorial Opera House and Veterans Building the former in collaboration with G Albert Lansburgh Brown was meticulously trained in the rigorous Beaux Arts tradition and in the City Hall project his attention extended to the smallest details of light fixtures floor patterning and doorknobs War Memorial Opera House San Francisco In addition to their well known monumental works Bakewell and Brown designed several homes in the Arts and Crafts style championed by Maybeck Early among them were two redwood framed double houses for Stanford University in 1908 and the only fraternity house they designed de novo the Beta Chi Chapter House of Sigma Nu in 1910 razed by the University in 1991 despite student and alumni efforts to give it historic designation and restore it 1 2 They later designed additions to Ernest Coxhead s 1893 Beta Theta Pi house they had lived in as undergraduates now a listed Berkeley landmark 3 The firm went on to design a series of familiar San Francisco landmarks and many buildings at Stanford University before Brown dissolved the partnership in 1927 For contractual reasons many buildings at Stanford through the 1930s continued to be credited to both 4 Bakewell and Brown also designed the Byzantine inspired Temple Emmanuel 1926 at Lake St and Arguello Blvd in San Francisco and the Pasadena City Hall 1927 5 6 Most of Brown s later San Francisco works employed a stripped down classicism The poured concrete Art Moderne Coit Tower 1932 that crowns Telegraph Hill is an important Modernist landmark in the Bay Area Coit Tower was the site of some of the first public works murals executed under the Public Works Administration later known as the WPA The primitive nature of Coit Tower would lend itself better to that sort of thing than other public buildings was Arthur Brown s first reaction to the project Diego Rivera included Brown among the designers and craftsmen in his fresco mural of The Making of a Fresco Showing the Building of a City 1931 San Francisco City Hall completed 1915 In Washington D C Brown designed the Interstate Commerce Commission Building its near twin the Department of Labor Building and the Andrew W Mellon Auditorium All three form part of the Federal Triangle the largest construction project undertaken by the US Federal government prior to The Pentagon Preliminary designs were begun in 1927 with construction in the Depression years between 1932 and 1934 The new buildings were to be designed to reflect the dignity and power of the nation Brown s last works were primarily at UC Berkeley where Brown served as campus planner and chief architect from 1936 to 1950 His principal buildings there include Sproul Hall the Bancroft Library 7 and the Cyclotron Building 8 commissioned by Ernest Lawrence and J Robert Oppenheimer Coit Tower dedicated 1933 Brown was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects in 1930 Among the draftsmen in his office was Clarence W W Mayhew In 1943 Brown was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member and became a full member in 1953 9 Work EditIn San Francisco unless otherwise noted Folger Estate 10 Woodside California 1905 Interior of City of Paris Dry Goods Co 1906 09 City Hall Berkeley California 1908 09 Double Houses and Beta Chi Chapter House of Sigma Nu Stanford University 1908 1910 Horticulture Building Panama Pacific International Exposition 1915 San Francisco City Hall 1915 Union Station San Diego California 1915 Burnham Pavilion Stanford University 1921 Toyon Hall Stanford University 1923 San Francisco Art Institute 1925 Temple Emanu El 1926 Pacific Gas and Electric Company Building 1926 Pasadena City Hall Pasadena California 1927 St Joseph s Hospital San Francisco 1928 Cowell Memorial Hospital UC Berkeley 1930 Roble Gym Stanford University 1931 War Memorial Opera House with G Albert Lansburgh 1932 Department of Labor Building Washington DC 1934 Andrew W Mellon Auditorium Washington DC 1935 50 United Nations Plaza Federal Office Building 1936 Memorial Auditorium Stanford University 1937 San Francisco Transbay Terminal with Timothy L Pflueger 1939 Hoover Tower Stanford University 1941 Cyclotron Building 1940 Sproul Hall 1941 Minor Hall 1941 Donner Laboratory 1942 Bancroft Library 1949 UC Berkeley 7 11 References Edit Synergy House demolished News stanford edu Retrieved 2012 08 15 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2010 07 08 Retrieved 2009 09 13 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link The City of Berkeley PDF www ci berkeley ca us Archived from the original PDF on August 5 2009 Stanford Historical Society 2007 Historic Houses IV Early Residential Communities of the Lower San Juan District Stanford California Stanford Historical Society ISBN 978 0 9664249 5 9 About the Temple History Congregation Emanu El Archived from the original on 2013 05 08 Retrieved 2013 04 18 1 dead link a b UC Berkeley Buildings Features amp Sites Environmental Design Library UC Berkeley Lib berkeley edu Retrieved 2012 08 15 https commons lbl gov download attachments 76187570 LBNL Vision Plan Feb09 pdf version 1 amp modificationDate 1316823566912 bare URL PDF National Academicians National Academy National Academy Museum Archived from the original on 2016 03 14 Retrieved 2013 11 26 PENINSULA INSIDER Folger Estate up for Sale in Woodside Atari founder asking 8 9 million for it 25 April 1996 Environmental Design Archives Campus Architecture Ced berkeley edu Archived from the original on 2012 09 11 Retrieved 2012 08 15 Further reading EditTilman Jeffrey T 2006 Arthur Brown Jr Progressive Classicist W W Norton ISBN 0 393 73178 2 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arthur Brown Jr Biography portalOnline guide to the Arthur Brown Jr Papers The Bancroft Library Diego Rivera s mural at the SFAI Coit tower Arthur Brown Papers Find A Grave Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Arthur Brown Jr amp oldid 1127645232, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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