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Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora

January 01, 1970

The Assyrian diaspora (Syriac: ܓܠܘܬܐ, Galuta, "exile") refers to ethnic Assyrians living in communities outside their ancestral homeland. The Eastern Aramaic-speaking Assyrians claim descent from the ancient Assyrians and are one of the few ancient Semitic ethnicities in the Near East who resisted Arabization, Turkification, Persianization and Islamization during and after the Muslim conquest of Iraq, Iran, Syria and Turkey.

An Assyrian folk dance at an Assyrian party in Chicago

The indigenous Assyrian homeland is within the borders of northern Iraq, southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, and northeastern Syria, a region roughly corresponding with Assyria from the 25th century BC to the 7th century AD.[1] Assyrians are predominantly Christians; most are members of the Assyrian Church of the East, the Ancient Church of the East, the Chaldean Catholic Church, the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Syriac Catholic Church, the Assyrian Pentecostal Church and the Assyrian Evangelical Church.[2] The terms "Syriac", "Chaldean" and "Chaldo-Assyrian" can be used to describe ethnic Assyrians by their religious affiliation, and indeed the terms "Syriac" and "Syrian" are much later derivatives of the original "Assyrian", and historically, geographically and ethnically originally meant Assyrian (see Name of Syria).

Before the Assyrian genocide, the Assyrian people were largely unmoved from their native lands which they had occupied for about 5,000 years. Although a handful of Assyrians had migrated to the United Kingdom during the Victorian era, the Assyrian diaspora began in earnest during World War I (1914–1918) as the Ottoman Empire conducted both large scale genocide and ethnic cleansing against the Assyrian people with the aid of local Kurdish, Iranian and Arab tribes. This genocide was coordinated alongside the Armenian genocide, Greek genocide and Great Famine of Mount Lebanon.

Further atrocities such as the Simele massacres of the 1930s also stimulated emigration.

Additional emigration occurred in the 1980s, as Assyrian communities fled the violence of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict and the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. During the 1990s and 2000s, Assyrians left the Middle East to evade persecution in Ba'athist Iraq and from Muslim fundamentalists. The exodus continued into the mid-2010s, as Assyrians fled Iraq and northeastern Syria due to genocide by the Islamic State and other Sunni Islamist groups.[3]

Demographic estimates edit

Country (or region) Most-recent census Assyrian-Chaldean-Syriac
population (2008) 		Total country (or region)
population (2008)[4] 		% Assyrian Further information
Iraq - 500,000[5][6]–1,500,000[7] 30,711,152 2–5% Assyrians in Iraq
Syria - 200,000-877,000[8][9][10] 20,581,290 c.4%[11] Assyrians in Syria
United States 82,355 (2000)[12] 100,000[13]–500,000[7][14] 307,006,550 0.03%-0.17% Assyrian Americans
Sweden - 100,000[15]–120,000[7] 9,219,637 1.2% Assyrians in Sweden
Jordan - 44,000[7]–150,000[16][17] 5,906,043 0.7% Assyrians in Jordan
Germany - 70,000[18]–100,000[7] 82,110,097 0.12% German Assyrians
Iran - 74,000[14]–80,000[19] 71,956,322 0.11% Assyrians in Iran
Lebanon - 37,000[20]–100,000[7] 4,193,758 0.9–2.38% Assyrians in Lebanon
Turkey - 24,000[14]–70,000[21] 73,914,260 0.03%-0.1% Assyrians in Turkey
Russia 13,649 (2002)[22] 70,000[7] 141,950,000 0.05% Assyrians in Russia
Australia 46,217 (2016)[23] 60,000[23] 23,431,800 0.13% Assyrian Australians
Canada 8,650 (2006)[24] 38,000[25] 33,311,400 0,11% Assyrians in Canada
Netherlands - 20,000[7] 16,445,593 0.12% Assyrians in the Netherlands
France - 40,000[7] 62,277,432 0.06% Assyrians in France
Belgium - 15,000[7] 10,708,433 0.14%
Georgia 3,299 (2002)[26] 15,000[7] 4,385,400 0.34% Assyrians in Georgia
Armenia 2,769 (2011)[27] 15,000[7] 3,018,854 0.09% Assyrians in Armenia
Brazil - 10,000[7] 193,733,795 0.005%
Switzerland - 10,000[7] 7,647,675 0.13%
Denmark - 10,000[7] 5,493,621 0.18%
Greece - 8,000[7] 11,237,094 0.07% Assyrians in Greece
Great Britain - 8,000[7] 51,446,000 0.02% British Assyrians
Austria - 7,000[7] 8,336,926 0.08%
Italy - 3,000[7] 59,832,179 0.005%
Azerbaijan - 1,400[7]
New Zealand 1,683 (2006)[28] 3,000[7] 4,268,900 0.07%
Uruguay - 3,000[29] 3,449,285 0.09%
Argentina - 2,000[30] 44,361,150 0.04%
Mexico - 2,000[7] 106,350,434 0.002% Assyrian Mexicans
Other - 100,000[7]
Total - 3.3 million[31]–4.2 million[32]

Former USSR edit

From 1937 to 1959, the Assyrian population in the Soviet Union grew by 587.3 percent.[33]

Former Soviet Union edit

History edit

 
Assyrians in Russia protesting Iraqi church bombings in 2006

Assyrians came to Russia and the Soviet Union in three large waves. The first wave was after the Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828, that delineated a border between Russia and Persia. The second was as a result of the Assyrian genocide during and after World War I; the third was after World War II, when the Soviet Union unsuccessfully tried to establish a satellite state in Iran.

Soviet troops withdrew in 1946, and left the Assyrians (who supported the coup) exposed to retaliation identical to that received from the Turks 30 years earlier. Soviet authorities persecuted Assyrian religious and community leaders in the same way that they persecuted Russians who remained members of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Most Assyrians are members of the Assyrian Church of the East; other churches include the Syriac Orthodox Church and the Chaldean Catholic Church.[34]

USSR census edit

  • 1897 census: 5,300 "Assyrians" (by language)[35]
  • 1919 refugee status:
7,000–8,000 Assyrian refugees in Tbilisi[36]
2,000 Assyrians in Yerevan[36]
15,000 Assyrians from Hakkari, 10,000 from Urmia and Salmas in the Russian region of Rostov[37]
  • 1926 census: 9,808 Assyrians (Aisor)[36]
  • 1959 census: 21,083 Assyrians[38]
  • 1970 census: 24,294 Assyrians[39]
  • 1979 census: 25,170 Assyrians[40]
  • 1989 census: 26,289 Assyrians[38]

Russia edit

Armenia edit

  • 1926 (Soviet) census:[39] 21,215 Assyrians
  • 1989 (Soviet) census:[41] 5,963 Assyrians
  • 2001 census:[42] 3,409 Assyrians (3rd minority ethnic group after Yazidis and Russians): 524 urban, 2,485 rural
  • 2011 census:[27] 2,769 Assyrians

Georgia edit

  • 1926 census: 2,904 Assyrians[39]
  • 1989 census: 6,206 Assyrians[26]
  • 2002 census: 3,299 Assyrians[26]

Ukraine edit

  • 2001 census: 3,143[43]

Kazakhstan edit

Lebanon edit

Estimates on December 31, 1944, by province (muhafazah)
Denomination Beyrouth Mount Lebanon North Lebanon South Lebanon Biqa' Total
Syriac Catholics 4,089 275 169 9 442 4,984
Syriac Orthodox 2,070 209 100 22 1,352 3,753
Chaldean Catholic 974 120 1 10 225 1,330[45]
1932 census and later estimates
Denomination 1932 census[46] 1944 estimates[45] 1954 estimates[46]
Syriac Catholics 2,675 4,984 –
Chaldean Catholics 528 1,330 –
Syriac Orthodox 2,574 3,753 4,200
Church Of The East 800 1,200 1,400

North America edit

Canada edit

Main article: Assyrian-Canadians
  • 2001 Census: 6,980 Assyrians
  • 2006 Census: 8,650[47]
  • 2011 Census: 10,810[48]

United States edit

Main article: Assyrian Americans
See also: History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit

South America edit

Uruguay edit

Main article: Assyrians in Uruguay

Argentina edit

Next to Uruguay, in Argentina the Syriac Orthodox Church counts with a Patriarchal Vicar.[56] However, the actual number of Assyrians/Syriacs is hard to know because the Argentine Census does not ask for ethnicity. Furthermore, their assimilation rate is very high, as it happens with other Middle Eastern communities settled in the country. There is Assyrian/Syriac presence in Buenos Aires, La Plata, Córdoba, Salta and Frías.[57][58] In the past, intellectuals like Farid Nazha went into exile in Argentina. Although 2,000 Assyrians/Syriacs are listed in Argentina, the actual number may be lower.[30]

Europe edit

Belgium edit

Main article: Assyrians in Belgium

Assyrians arrived in Belgium primarily as refugees from the Turkish towns of Midyat and Mardin in Tur Abdin. Most belong to the Syriac Orthodox Church, but some belong to the Assyrian Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church. Their three main settlements are in the Brussels municipalities of Saint-Josse-ten-Noode (where their municipal councilman, Christian Democrat Ibrahim Erkan, is originally from Turkey) and Etterbeek, Liège and Mechelen.

Two more councilmen were elected in Etterbeek on October 8, 2006: the Liberal Sandrine Es (whose family is from Turkey) and the Christian Democrat Ibrahim Hanna (from Syria's Khabur region). Flemish author August Thiry wrote Mechelen aan de Tigris (Mechelen on the Tigris) about Assyrian refugees from Hassana in the southeastern Turkish district of Silopi. Municipal candidate Melikan Kucam is one of them. In the October 14, 2012 municipal elections, Kucam was elected in Mechelen as a member of the Flemisch nationalists N-VA.

France edit

Main article: Assyrians in France

An estimated 20,000 Assyrians live in France, primarily concentrated in the northern French suburbs of Sarcelles (where several thousand Chaldean Catholics live) and in Gonesse and Villiers-le-Bel. They are from several villages in southeastern Turkey.[59][60]

Germany edit

Main article: Assyrians in Germany

The number of Assyrians in Germany is estimated at 100,000.[61] Most Assyrian immigrants and their descendants in Germany live in Munich, Wiesbaden, Paderborn, Essen, Bietigheim-Bissingen, Ahlen, Göppingen, Köln, Hamburg, Berlin, Augsburg and Gütersloh.

Since they were persecuted throughout the 20th century, many Assyrians arrived from Turkey seeking a better life. The first large wave arrived during the 1960s and 1970s as part of the gastarbeiter (guest worker) economic program. Germany was seeking immigrant workers (largely from Turkey) and many Assyrians, seeing opportunities for freedom and success, applied for visas. Assyrians began working in restaurants or in construction, and many began operating their own shops. The first Assyrian immigrants in Germany organized by forming culture clubs and building churches. The second wave came in the 1980s and 1990s as refugees from the Kurdish–Turkish conflict.

Greece edit

Main article: Assyrians in Greece

The first Assyrian migrants arrived in Greece in 1934, and settled in Makronisos (today uninhabited), Keratsini, Pireus, Egaleo and Kalamata.[62] The vast majority of Assyrians (about 2,000) live in Peristeri, a suburb of Athens.[63] There are five Christian Assyrian marriages recorded at St. Paul's Anglican Church in Athens in 1924–25 (the transcripts can be viewed on St. Paul's Anglican Church website), indicating the arrival of refugees at that time.

Netherlands edit

Main article: Assyrians in the Netherlands

The first Assyrians came to the Netherlands in the 1970s, primarily from Turkey and observing the West Syriac Rite. The number of Assyrians in the country is estimated at 25,000 to 35,000. They primarily live in the eastern Netherlands, in Enschede, Hengelo, Oldenzaal and Borne in the province of Overijssel.

Sweden edit

 
Demonstration against the genocide by the Islamic State in Stockholm, Sweden
Main article: Assyrians in Sweden

In the late 1970s, about 12,000 Assyrians from Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria emigrated to Sweden. Although they considered themselves persecuted for religious and ethnic reasons, they were not recognized as refugees. Those who had lived in Sweden for a longer period received residence permits for humanitarian reasons.[64]

Södertälje is considered the unofficial Assyrian capital of Europe because of the city's high percentage of Assyrians.[citation needed] The Assyrian TV channels Suryoyo Sat and Suroyo TV are based in Södertälje. From 2005 to 2006 and since 2014, the Assyrian Ibrahim Baylan has been a minister in the Swedish government.

United Kingdom edit

Main article: Assyrians in the United Kingdom

About 8,000 Assyrians live in the United Kingdom, primarily in London and Manchester. The first Assyrians arrived during the 1850s, most immigration began in the 1950s.[59]

Pacific edit

Australia edit

Main article: Assyrians in Australia

In the 2016 census, 46,217 people identified themselves as having Assyrian ancestry, 0.13 percent of Australia's population.[65] Of the Assyrians in Australia, 21,000 are members of the Assyrian Church of the East and 9,000 are members of the Chaldean Catholic Church. The City of Fairfield, in Sydney, has the country's largest number of Assyrians.[66] In Sydney, Assyrians are the leading ethnic group in the Fairfield LGA suburbs of Fairfield, Fairfield Heights and Greenfield Park.[67]

In Melbourne, Assyrians live in the northwestern suburbs of Broadmeadows, Craigieburn, Meadow Heights, Roxburgh Park and Fawkner. In 2016, Melbourne had 13,812 people who claimed Assyrian ancestry.[68] The Assyrian community is growing, and there are new arrivals from Syria and Iraq, adding to those with origins in Iran, Jordan and the Caucasus. In May 2013, the New South Wales parliament formally recognised the Assyrian genocide.[69] Assyrians have been labelled as a successful minority group, and have established many churches, schools and community centres.

New Zealand edit

Main article: Assyrians in New Zealand
  • 1991 census: 315[70]
  • 1996 census: 807[70]
  • 2001 census: 1,176[70]
    • 465 in the Auckland region
    • 690 in the Wellington region
    • Highest unemployment rate (40 percent)
    • Highest-percentage-Christian ethnic group (99 percent)
    • English spoken: 774; no English: 348. Number of languages spoken: 1: 225; 2: 405; 3: 423; 4: 63; 5: 3
  • 2006 census: 1,683[28]

See also edit

References edit

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Bibliography edit

  • Eden Naby, The Iranian Frontier Nationalities: The Kurds, the Assyrians, the Baluch and the Turkmens, in: McCagg and Silver (eds) Soviet Asian Ethnic Frontiers, New York, Pergamon Press, 1979
  • Iraklii Chikhladze and Giga Chikhladze, "The Yezidi Kurds and Assyrians of Georgia. The Problem of Diasporas and Integration into Contemporary Society," Journal of the Central Asia & the Caucasus (3 /21, 2003) 2018-02-19 at the Wayback Machine
  • Onnik Krikorian, The Assyrian Community in Armenia, The Armenian Weekly 2006-01-15 at the Wayback Machine
  • Assyrians in Armenia 2019-11-12 at the Wayback Machine

Further reading edit

  • Talia, Peter. Assyrians in the West. Chicago: Nineveh Printing Co. [199-]. 106 p. Without ISBN

January 01, 1970
assyrian, chaldean, syriac, diaspora, assyrian, diaspora, syriac, ܓܠܘܬܐ, galuta, exile, refers, ethnic, assyrians, living, communities, outside, their, ancestral, homeland, eastern, aramaic, speaking, assyrians, claim, descent, from, ancient, assyrians, ancien. The Assyrian diaspora Syriac ܓܠܘܬܐ Galuta exile refers to ethnic Assyrians living in communities outside their ancestral homeland The Eastern Aramaic speaking Assyrians claim descent from the ancient Assyrians and are one of the few ancient Semitic ethnicities in the Near East who resisted Arabization Turkification Persianization and Islamization during and after the Muslim conquest of Iraq Iran Syria and Turkey An Assyrian folk dance at an Assyrian party in Chicago The indigenous Assyrian homeland is within the borders of northern Iraq southeastern Turkey northwestern Iran and northeastern Syria a region roughly corresponding with Assyria from the 25th century BC to the 7th century AD 1 Assyrians are predominantly Christians most are members of the Assyrian Church of the East the Ancient Church of the East the Chaldean Catholic Church the Syriac Orthodox Church the Syriac Catholic Church the Assyrian Pentecostal Church and the Assyrian Evangelical Church 2 The terms Syriac Chaldean and Chaldo Assyrian can be used to describe ethnic Assyrians by their religious affiliation and indeed the terms Syriac and Syrian are much later derivatives of the original Assyrian and historically geographically and ethnically originally meant Assyrian see Name of Syria Before the Assyrian genocide the Assyrian people were largely unmoved from their native lands which they had occupied for about 5 000 years Although a handful of Assyrians had migrated to the United Kingdom during the Victorian era the Assyrian diaspora began in earnest during World War I 1914 1918 as the Ottoman Empire conducted both large scale genocide and ethnic cleansing against the Assyrian people with the aid of local Kurdish Iranian and Arab tribes This genocide was coordinated alongside the Armenian genocide Greek genocide and Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Further atrocities such as the Simele massacres of the 1930s also stimulated emigration Additional emigration occurred in the 1980s as Assyrian communities fled the violence of the Kurdish Turkish conflict and the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran During the 1990s and 2000s Assyrians left the Middle East to evade persecution in Ba athist Iraq and from Muslim fundamentalists The exodus continued into the mid 2010s as Assyrians fled Iraq and northeastern Syria due to genocide by the Islamic State and other Sunni Islamist groups 3 Contents 1 Demographic estimates 2 Former USSR 2 1 Former Soviet Union 2 1 1 History 2 2 USSR census 2 3 Russia 2 4 Armenia 2 5 Georgia 2 6 Ukraine 2 7 Kazakhstan 3 Lebanon 4 North America 4 1 Canada 4 2 United States 5 South America 5 1 Uruguay 5 2 Argentina 6 Europe 6 1 Belgium 6 2 France 6 3 Germany 6 4 Greece 6 5 Netherlands 6 6 Sweden 6 7 United Kingdom 7 Pacific 7 1 Australia 7 2 New Zealand 8 See also 9 References 9 1 Bibliography 10 Further readingDemographic estimates editCountry or region Most recent census Assyrian Chaldean Syriac population 2008 Total country or region population 2008 4 Assyrian Further information Iraq 500 000 5 6 1 500 000 7 30 711 152 2 5 Assyrians in Iraq Syria 200 000 877 000 8 9 10 20 581 290 c 4 11 Assyrians in Syria United States 82 355 2000 12 100 000 13 500 000 7 14 307 006 550 0 03 0 17 Assyrian Americans Sweden 100 000 15 120 000 7 9 219 637 1 2 Assyrians in Sweden Jordan 44 000 7 150 000 16 17 5 906 043 0 7 Assyrians in Jordan Germany 70 000 18 100 000 7 82 110 097 0 12 German Assyrians Iran 74 000 14 80 000 19 71 956 322 0 11 Assyrians in Iran Lebanon 37 000 20 100 000 7 4 193 758 0 9 2 38 Assyrians in Lebanon Turkey 24 000 14 70 000 21 73 914 260 0 03 0 1 Assyrians in Turkey Russia 13 649 2002 22 70 000 7 141 950 000 0 05 Assyrians in Russia Australia 46 217 2016 23 60 000 23 23 431 800 0 13 Assyrian Australians Canada 8 650 2006 24 38 000 25 33 311 400 0 11 Assyrians in Canada Netherlands 20 000 7 16 445 593 0 12 Assyrians in the Netherlands France 40 000 7 62 277 432 0 06 Assyrians in France Belgium 15 000 7 10 708 433 0 14 Georgia 3 299 2002 26 15 000 7 4 385 400 0 34 Assyrians in Georgia Armenia 2 769 2011 27 15 000 7 3 018 854 0 09 Assyrians in Armenia Brazil 10 000 7 193 733 795 0 005 Switzerland 10 000 7 7 647 675 0 13 Denmark 10 000 7 5 493 621 0 18 Greece 8 000 7 11 237 094 0 07 Assyrians in Greece Great Britain 8 000 7 51 446 000 0 02 British Assyrians Austria 7 000 7 8 336 926 0 08 Italy 3 000 7 59 832 179 0 005 Azerbaijan 1 400 7 New Zealand 1 683 2006 28 3 000 7 4 268 900 0 07 Uruguay 3 000 29 3 449 285 0 09 Argentina 2 000 30 44 361 150 0 04 Mexico 2 000 7 106 350 434 0 002 Assyrian Mexicans Other 100 000 7 Total 3 3 million 31 4 2 million 32 Former USSR editFrom 1937 to 1959 the Assyrian population in the Soviet Union grew by 587 3 percent 33 Former Soviet Union edit History edit nbsp Assyrians in Russia protesting Iraqi church bombings in 2006 Assyrians came to Russia and the Soviet Union in three large waves The first wave was after the Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828 that delineated a border between Russia and Persia The second was as a result of the Assyrian genocide during and after World War I the third was after World War II when the Soviet Union unsuccessfully tried to establish a satellite state in Iran Soviet troops withdrew in 1946 and left the Assyrians who supported the coup exposed to retaliation identical to that received from the Turks 30 years earlier Soviet authorities persecuted Assyrian religious and community leaders in the same way that they persecuted Russians who remained members of the Russian Orthodox Church Most Assyrians are members of the Assyrian Church of the East other churches include the Syriac Orthodox Church and the Chaldean Catholic Church 34 USSR census edit 1897 census 5 300 Assyrians by language 35 1919 refugee status 7 000 8 000 Assyrian refugees in Tbilisi 36 2 000 Assyrians in Yerevan 36 15 000 Assyrians from Hakkari 10 000 from Urmia and Salmas in the Russian region of Rostov 37 1926 census 9 808 Assyrians Aisor 36 1959 census 21 083 Assyrians 38 1970 census 24 294 Assyrians 39 1979 census 25 170 Assyrians 40 1989 census 26 289 Assyrians 38 Russia edit 1989 census 9 600 Assyrians of whom 4 742 spoke the Syriac language 1 738 in the Krasnodar region 34 2002 census 13 649 Assyrians assirijcy 22 Armenia edit 1926 Soviet census 39 21 215 Assyrians 1989 Soviet census 41 5 963 Assyrians 2001 census 42 3 409 Assyrians 3rd minority ethnic group after Yazidis and Russians 524 urban 2 485 rural 2011 census 27 2 769 Assyrians Georgia edit 1926 census 2 904 Assyrians 39 1989 census 6 206 Assyrians 26 2002 census 3 299 Assyrians 26 Ukraine edit 2001 census 3 143 43 Kazakhstan edit 2005 estimates 540 44 270 in Almaty Lebanon editEstimates on December 31 1944 by province muhafazah Denomination Beyrouth Mount Lebanon North Lebanon South Lebanon Biqa Total Syriac Catholics 4 089 275 169 9 442 4 984 Syriac Orthodox 2 070 209 100 22 1 352 3 753 Chaldean Catholic 974 120 1 10 225 1 330 45 1932 census and later estimates Denomination 1932 census 46 1944 estimates 45 1954 estimates 46 Syriac Catholics 2 675 4 984 Chaldean Catholics 528 1 330 Syriac Orthodox 2 574 3 753 4 200 Church Of The East 800 1 200 1 400North America editCanada edit Main article Assyrian Canadians 2001 Census 6 980 Assyrians 2006 Census 8 650 47 2011 Census 10 810 48 United States edit Main article Assyrian Americans See also History of the Middle Eastern people in Metro Detroit 1990 census 46 099 Assyrians 49 19 066 born in the U S 16 783 arrived before 1980 10 250 from 1980 to 1990 27 494 listed Syriac as the Language Spoken at Home 50 Unemployment 9 1 Percent 2000 census 82 355 Assyrians Chaldeans Syrians 51 34 484 in Michigan 52 Sterling Heights 5 515 4 4 percent of the city West Bloomfield 4 874 7 5 percent Southfield 3 684 4 7 percent Warren 2 625 1 9 percent Farmington Hills 2 499 3 percent Troy 2 047 2 5 percent Detroit Michigan 1 963 0 2 percent Oak Park 1 864 6 3 percent Madison Heights 1 428 4 6 percent Orchard Lake Village 241 10 9 percent 22 671 in California 53 15 685 in Illinois 54 Chicago 7 121 0 2 percent Niles Illinois 3 410 3 3 percent Maine Park 1 035 0 8 percent Syriac speakers 46 932 55 South America editUruguay edit Main article Assyrians in Uruguay According to the Joshua Project there are about 3 000 Assyrians in Uruguay 29 Argentina edit Next to Uruguay in Argentina the Syriac Orthodox Church counts with a Patriarchal Vicar 56 However the actual number of Assyrians Syriacs is hard to know because the Argentine Census does not ask for ethnicity Furthermore their assimilation rate is very high as it happens with other Middle Eastern communities settled in the country There is Assyrian Syriac presence in Buenos Aires La Plata Cordoba Salta and Frias 57 58 In the past intellectuals like Farid Nazha went into exile in Argentina Although 2 000 Assyrians Syriacs are listed in Argentina the actual number may be lower 30 Europe editBelgium edit Main article Assyrians in Belgium Assyrians arrived in Belgium primarily as refugees from the Turkish towns of Midyat and Mardin in Tur Abdin Most belong to the Syriac Orthodox Church but some belong to the Assyrian Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church Their three main settlements are in the Brussels municipalities of Saint Josse ten Noode where their municipal councilman Christian Democrat Ibrahim Erkan is originally from Turkey and Etterbeek Liege and Mechelen Two more councilmen were elected in Etterbeek on October 8 2006 the Liberal Sandrine Es whose family is from Turkey and the Christian Democrat Ibrahim Hanna from Syria s Khabur region Flemish author August Thiry wrote Mechelen aan de Tigris Mechelen on the Tigris about Assyrian refugees from Hassana in the southeastern Turkish district of Silopi Municipal candidate Melikan Kucam is one of them In the October 14 2012 municipal elections Kucam was elected in Mechelen as a member of the Flemisch nationalists N VA France edit Main article Assyrians in France An estimated 20 000 Assyrians live in France primarily concentrated in the northern French suburbs of Sarcelles where several thousand Chaldean Catholics live and in Gonesse and Villiers le Bel They are from several villages in southeastern Turkey 59 60 Germany edit Main article Assyrians in Germany The number of Assyrians in Germany is estimated at 100 000 61 Most Assyrian immigrants and their descendants in Germany live in Munich Wiesbaden Paderborn Essen Bietigheim Bissingen Ahlen Goppingen Koln Hamburg Berlin Augsburg and Gutersloh Since they were persecuted throughout the 20th century many Assyrians arrived from Turkey seeking a better life The first large wave arrived during the 1960s and 1970s as part of the gastarbeiter guest worker economic program Germany was seeking immigrant workers largely from Turkey and many Assyrians seeing opportunities for freedom and success applied for visas Assyrians began working in restaurants or in construction and many began operating their own shops The first Assyrian immigrants in Germany organized by forming culture clubs and building churches The second wave came in the 1980s and 1990s as refugees from the Kurdish Turkish conflict Greece edit Main article Assyrians in Greece The first Assyrian migrants arrived in Greece in 1934 and settled in Makronisos today uninhabited Keratsini Pireus Egaleo and Kalamata 62 The vast majority of Assyrians about 2 000 live in Peristeri a suburb of Athens 63 There are five Christian Assyrian marriages recorded at St Paul s Anglican Church in Athens in 1924 25 the transcripts can be viewed on St Paul s Anglican Church website indicating the arrival of refugees at that time Netherlands edit Main article Assyrians in the Netherlands The first Assyrians came to the Netherlands in the 1970s primarily from Turkey and observing the West Syriac Rite The number of Assyrians in the country is estimated at 25 000 to 35 000 They primarily live in the eastern Netherlands in Enschede Hengelo Oldenzaal and Borne in the province of Overijssel Sweden edit nbsp Demonstration against the genocide by the Islamic State in Stockholm Sweden Main article Assyrians in Sweden In the late 1970s about 12 000 Assyrians from Turkey Iran Iraq and Syria emigrated to Sweden Although they considered themselves persecuted for religious and ethnic reasons they were not recognized as refugees Those who had lived in Sweden for a longer period received residence permits for humanitarian reasons 64 Sodertalje is considered the unofficial Assyrian capital of Europe because of the city s high percentage of Assyrians citation needed The Assyrian TV channels Suryoyo Sat and Suroyo TV are based in Sodertalje From 2005 to 2006 and since 2014 the Assyrian Ibrahim Baylan has been a minister in the Swedish government United Kingdom edit Main article Assyrians in the United Kingdom About 8 000 Assyrians live in the United Kingdom primarily in London and Manchester The first Assyrians arrived during the 1850s most immigration began in the 1950s 59 Pacific editAustralia edit Main article Assyrians in Australia In the 2016 census 46 217 people identified themselves as having Assyrian ancestry 0 13 percent of Australia s population 65 Of the Assyrians in Australia 21 000 are members of the Assyrian Church of the East and 9 000 are members of the Chaldean Catholic Church The City of Fairfield in Sydney has the country s largest number of Assyrians 66 In Sydney Assyrians are the leading ethnic group in the Fairfield LGA suburbs of Fairfield Fairfield Heights and Greenfield Park 67 In Melbourne Assyrians live in the northwestern suburbs of Broadmeadows Craigieburn Meadow Heights Roxburgh Park and Fawkner In 2016 Melbourne had 13 812 people who claimed Assyrian ancestry 68 The Assyrian community is growing and there are new arrivals from Syria and Iraq adding to those with origins in Iran Jordan and the Caucasus In May 2013 the New South Wales parliament formally recognised the Assyrian genocide 69 Assyrians have been labelled as a successful minority group and have established many churches schools and community centres New Zealand edit Main article Assyrians in New Zealand 1991 census 315 70 1996 census 807 70 2001 census 1 176 70 465 in the Auckland region 690 in the Wellington region Highest unemployment rate 40 percent Highest percentage Christian ethnic group 99 percent English spoken 774 no English 348 Number of languages spoken 1 225 2 405 3 423 4 63 5 3 2006 census 1 683 28 See also editAssyrian continuity Assyrian culture Assyrian homeland Assyrian independence movement Assyrians in Israel Eastern Aramaic languages History of Mesopotamia Name of Syria Refugees of Iraq Terms for Syriac ChristiansReferences edit The Chaldean Assyrian Syriac People of Iraq An Ethnic Identity Problem Shak Hanish The American Foundation for Syriac Studies Archived from the original on 2020 09 01 Retrieved 2015 02 11 Minahan James 2002 Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations A C Greenwood Publishing Group p 206 ISBN 9780313321092 The Assyrians although closely assiociated with their Christian religion are divided among a number of Christian sects The largest denominations are the Chaldean Catholic Church with about 45 of the Assyrian population the Syriac Orthodox with 26 the Assyrian Church of the East with 19 the free Orthodox Church of Antioch or Syriac Catholic Church with 4 and various Protestant sects with a combined 6 Jacobson Rodolfo 2001 Codeswitching Worldwide II Walter de Gruyter p 159 ISBN 978 3 11 016768 9 CIA The World Factbook Country Comparison Population Archived from the original on 28 October 2009 Retrieved 2009 10 27 The World Factbook CIA World Factbook 17 February 2022 Archived from the original on 10 January 2021 Retrieved 24 January 2021 Pike John Christians in Iraq Archived from the original on 17 March 2017 Retrieved 13 March 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Brief History of Assyrians Archived 2013 10 17 at the Wayback Machine AINA org Prior to the start of the war in Syria it is estimated that the country was home to approximately 200 000 ethnic Assyrians Archived 2020 10 31 at the Wayback Machine Syria s Assyrians threatened by extremists April 28 2014 Archived from the original on November 12 2020 Retrieved September 7 2020 Turkey Syria deal allows Syriacs to cross border for religious holidays An estimated 25 000 Syriacs live in Turkey while Syria boasts some 877 000 Shoup John A 2018 Syria The History of Syria ABC CLIO p 6 ISBN 978 1440858352 Syria has several other ethnic groups the Kurds they make up an estimated 9 percent Turkomen comprise around 4 5 percent of the total population The rest of the ethnic mix of Syria is made of Assyrians about 4 percent Armenians about 2 percent and Circassians about 1 percent 2000 Census USA Archived February 10 2020 at archive today Bureau U S Census U S Census website Archived from the original on 21 July 2022 Retrieved 13 March 2017 a b c Assyrian Information Management AIM Assyrian Information Management AIM atour com Archived from the original on 2013 03 27 Retrieved 2011 05 14 Demographics of Sweden Archived 2019 05 02 at the Wayback Machine Swedish Language Council Sweden has also one of the largest exile communities of Assyrian and Syriac Christians also known as Chaldeans with a population of around 100 000 Thrown to the Lions Archived 2013 08 08 at the Wayback Machine Doug Bandow The America Spectator Jordan Should Legally Recognize Displaced Iraqis As Refugees Archived 2019 09 09 at the Wayback Machine AINA org Assyrian and Chaldean Christians Flee Iraq to Neighboring Jordan Archived 2017 11 28 at the Wayback Machine ASSIST News Service 70 000 Syriac Christians according to REMID Archived 2008 06 25 at the Wayback Machine of which 55 000 Syriac Orthodox http www ethnologue com show country asp name iran Archived 2012 02 04 at the Wayback Machine SIL Ethnologue Assyrian Neo Aramaic 15 000 in Iran 1994 Ethnic population 80 000 1994 See also Christianity in Iran Languages of Lebanon Archived 2011 04 10 at the Wayback Machine Ethnologue Immigrant languages Assyrian Neo Aramaic 1 000 Chaldean Neo Aramaic 18 000 Turoyo 18 000 SIL Ethnologue Archived 2012 10 18 at the Wayback Machine Turoyo tru 3 000 in Turkey 1994 Hezy Mutzafi Ethnic population 50 000 to 70 000 1994 Hertevin hrt 1 000 1999 H Mutzafi Originally Siirt Province They have left their villages most emigrating to the West but some may still be in Turkey See also Christianity in Turkey a b 2002 census PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2012 02 04 Retrieved 2006 02 17 a b CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN AUSTRALIA 2016 Australian Bureau of Statistics 27 June 2017 Archived from the original on 9 July 2017 Retrieved 27 June 2017 Ethnic Origin 247 Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses 3 and Sex 3 for the Population of Canada Statistics Canada 2006 Archived from the original on 2018 12 25 Retrieved 2010 06 17 Vatican Radio Pope approves Chaldean Eparchy in Canada 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Community in Armenia The Armenian Weekly Archived 2006 01 15 at the Wayback Machine Assyrians in Armenia Archived 2019 11 12 at the Wayback Machine Robert Alaux The Last Assyrians documentary film 2004Further reading editTalia Peter Assyrians in the West Chicago Nineveh Printing Co 199 106 p Without ISBN Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Assyrian Chaldean Syriac diaspora amp oldid 1219376077, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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