Algerians
Algerians (Arabic: الجزائريون, romanized: al-Jaza'iriyun) are the citizens and nationals of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. The majority of the country's population is composed of Arabs who make up 85% of the population, however there is a Berber minority of 15%.[11] The term also applies more broadly to any people who are of Algerian nationality, sharing a common culture and identity, as well as those who natively speak Algerian Arabic or other languages of Algeria.[11]
الجزائريون | |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
| +50 million worldwide | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Algeria | 43,900,000[1] |
| France | 5,000,000[2][3][4] |
| Spain | 70,511 (2022)[5] |
| Canada | 120,000[6] |
| United Kingdom | 30,000[7] |
| Belgium | 75,000[6] |
| Italy | 17,998 (2022)[8] |
| United States | 60,000[7] |
| Germany | 60,000[9] |
| Netherlands | ~10,000[10] |
| Languages | |
| Algerian Arabic (majority), Berber (minority) | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Islam (Sunni) | |
In addition to the approximately 44 million residents of Algeria, there is a large Algerian diaspora as part of the wider Arab diaspora. Considerable Algerian populations can be found in France, Spain, Italy, and the United Kingdom; with smaller notable concentrations in other Arab states as well as the United States, and Canada.
Ethnic groups
Arabs make up 73.6% to 85%[13] of the population of Algeria, Berbers make up 15%[13] to 23.2%, Arabized Berbers make up 3%, and others make up 0.2%.[12] Phoenicians, Romans, Byzantines, Turks as well as other ethnic groups have contributed to the culture and languages of the Algerian population.[14] Descendants of Andalusian refugees are also present in the population of Algiers and other cities.[15] Moreover, Spanish was spoken by these Aragonese and Castillian Morisco descendants deep into the 18th century, and even Catalan was spoken at the same time by Catalan Morisco descendants in the small town of Grish El-Oued.[16]
The Arab population of Algeria is a result of the inflow of sedentary and nomadic Arab tribes from Arabia since the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb in the 7th century with a major wave in the 11th century.[17] The Berbers are divided into many groups with varying languages. The largest of these are the Kabyles, who live in the Kabylia region east of Algiers, the Chaoui of North-East Algeria, the Tuaregs in the southern desert and the Shenwa people of North Algeria.[18][page needed]
During the colonial period, there was a large (15% in 1960)[19] European population who became known as Pied-Noirs. They were primarily of French, Spanish and Italian origin. Almost all of this population left during the war of independence or immediately after its end.[20]
Languages
Modern Standard Arabic and Berber are the official languages of Algeria.[21] The vast majority of Algerians speak Algerian Arabic as their native language, although other Arabic dialects are spoken such as Algerian Saharan Arabic, Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, Egyptian Arabic and Iraqi Arabic.[22] Colloquial Algerian Arabic has some Berber loanwords which represent 8% to 9% of its vocabulary.[23]
A minority of Algerians speak one of the various Berber languages. The largest Berber language is Kabyle with 3 million speakers.[22] It has significant Arabic, French, Latin, Greek, Phoenician and Punic substratum, and Arabic loanwords represent 35% of the total Kabyle vocabulary.[24]
References
- ^ "World Population Prospects". Population Division - United Nations. Retrieved 2020-09-20.
- ^ "Répartition des étrangers par nationalité". INSEE. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
- ^ "Être né en France d'un parent immigré". INSEE. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
- ^ Fiches thématiques - Population immigrée - Immigrés - Insee Références - Édition 2012, Insee 2012
- ^ "Población por comunidades y provincias, país de nacimiento, edad (grupos quinquenales) y sexo". Istituto Nacional de estadística. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ a b Statistics Canada. "Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables". Retrieved 1 June 2016.
- ^ a b "Où vivent les Algériens de la diaspora?". thecasbahpost.com (in French). Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Algerini in Italia al 2022". Tuttitalia Cittadini stranieri al 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ^ "Ausländische Bevölkerung und Schutzsuchende nach Regionen und Herkunftsländern". Statistics Germany. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
- ^ "CBS StatLine - Bevolking; generatie, geslacht, leeftijd en herkomstgroepering, 1 januari". statline.cbs.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Algeria - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-29.
- ^ a b "Algeria | Flag, Capital, Population, Map, & Language | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-09-18.
- ^ a b "Algeria", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-03-22, retrieved 2023-03-25
- ^ UNESCO (2009). (PDF). UNESCO. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2013.
- ^ Ruedy, John Douglas (2005). Modern Algeria – The Origins and Development of a Nation. Indiana University Press. p. 22. ISBN 9780253217820.
- ^ De Epalza, Mikel (2011). El español hablado en Túnez por los moriscos (siglos XVII-XVIII). Universitat de València. pp. 32–38–39–444. ISBN 9788437084152.
- ^ Stearns, Peter N.; Leonard Langer, William (2001). The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged (6 ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 129–131. ISBN 978-0-395-65237-4.
- ^ Marion Mill Preminger (1961). The sands of Tamanrasset: the story of Charles de Foucauld. Hawthorn Books.
- ^ Cook, Bernard A. (2001). Europe since 1945: an encyclopedia. New York: Garland. p. 398. ISBN 978-0-8153-4057-7.
- ^ De Azevedo, Raimond Cagiano (1994). Migration and Development Co-Operation. Council of Europe. p. 25. ISBN 9789287126115.
- ^ "Constitution of Algeria" – via Wikisource.
- ^ a b Leclerc, Jacques (5 April 2009). . L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde (in French). Université Laval. Archived from the original on 24 January 2010. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
- ^ Wexler, Paul (2012-02-01). The Non-Jewish Origins of the Sephardic Jews. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-2393-7.
- ^ Baldauf, Richard B.; Kaplan, Robert B. (2007-01-01). Language Planning and Policy in Africa. Multilingual Matters. ISBN 978-1-84769-011-1.