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2020–2022 Taal Volcano eruptions

February 15, 2024

Taal Volcano in Batangas, Philippines began to erupt on January 12, 2020, when a phreatomagmatic eruption from its main crater spewed ashes over Calabarzon, Metro Manila, and some parts of Central Luzon and Ilocos Region, resulting in the suspension of school classes, work schedules, and flights in the area.[4][5] The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) subsequently issued an Alert Level 4, indicating "that a hazardous explosive eruption is possible within hours to days."[6][7] Volcanic activity continued into 2021, when smaller eruptions occurred in July 2021.[8] On 26 March 2022, a short-lived phreatomagmatic eruption was recorded by PHIVOLCS raising the status from Alert level 2 to Alert level 3 as well as surrounding towns.

2020–2022 Taal Volcano eruptions
The January 12, 2020 eruption
VolcanoTaal Volcano
DateFirst eruption
January 12–22, 2020[1]

Second eruption
July 1–9, 2021[2]

Third eruption
November 15–22, 2021[1]

Fourth eruption
March 26-31, 2022
TypePhreatomagmatic, Phreactic, Plinian
LocationBatangas, Calabarzon, Philippines
14°00′38″N 120°59′52″E / 14.01056°N 120.99778°E / 14.01056; 120.99778
VEI4 (January 2020 eruption)[1]
Impact39 dead (only 1 direct, 38 indirect)[3]
Map of Batangas highlighting the areas under the 14-kilometer radius danger zone

Volcanic activity edit

2020 edit

 
Phreatic activity leading up to the first explosive event captured at the main crater of Taal Volcano. Video taken from the installed IP camera of PHIVOLCS monitoring Taal Volcano

The volcano erupted on the afternoon of January 12, 2020, 43 years after its previous eruption in 1977.[6] According to PHIVOLCS director Dr. Renato Solidum, seismic swarms began at 11 am and were later followed by a phreatic eruption from Volcano Island Main Crater at around 1 pm Philippine Standard Time (UTC+8).[9] Loud rumbling sounds were also felt and heard from the volcano island. By 2:30 pm, PHIVOLCS raised the alert status to Alert Level 2, although PHIVOLCS through its Taal Volcano Observatory had advised residents of Volcano Island to evacuate at around 1 pm.[10] Stronger explosions began around 3 pm that spewed an ash column exceeding a kilometer high, prompting PHIVOLCS to upgrade the alert status to Alert Level 3 by 4 pm.[11][12] Furthermore, Solidum confirmed that there was a magmatic intrusion that was driving the volcano's unrest. PHIVOLCS advised evacuation of the towns of Balete, San Nicolas, and Talisay in Batangas and other towns within the shores of Taal Lake.[13][14] By 7:30 pm, PHIVOLCS upgraded the alert status to Alert Level 4 after volcanic activities intensified as "continuous eruption generated a tall 10 to 15 kilometres (6.2 to 9.3 mi) steam-laden tephra column with frequent volcanic lightning that rained wet ashfall on the general north as far as Quezon City and Caloocan."[15] Ashfall from the volcano were also experienced in Cavite and Laguna, and reached as far as Metro Manila and Pampanga.[16][17]

 
Explosion seen from the Tagaytay City viewdeck. Part of this full video.

On January 13, PHIVOLCS reported that the activity on its main crater had transitioned into a lava fountain between 2:48 am to 4:28 am.[18] A lava fountain was recorded at 3:20 am.[19] The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) presented a study that the air quality index of cities in Metro Manila had worsened; Mandaluyong had the highest amount of inhalable coarse particulate matter (PM10) with 118, followed by Las Piñas (108) and Taguig (104), all of which were "considered unhealthy for sensitive groups" with respiratory issues. Meanwhile, the cities with the least amount of PM10 were San Juan and Malabon, both with "good" amounts of 22 and 28 respectively. These were followed by "moderate/fair" amounts of PM10 in Pasig (55), Parañaque (62) and Makati (63).[20]

By January 15, PHIVOLCS reported that the slightly acidic lake which filled the main crater prior to the eruption had dried up, which was after confirmed by European satellite observations.[21] On January 28, the main crater emitted 800 meters of steam according to an 8 am bulletin by PHIVOLCS. It was described as a "below instrumental detection", while Alert Level 3 remained raised.[22]

On August 18, PHIVOLCS reported a 20-meter steam emission from the volcano's main crater and several volcanic earthquakes within its vicinity.[23] Subsequent earthquakes have been recorded until late August. PHIVOLCS asserted that the volcanic activity was normal but advised local governments to remain prepared in case of an eruption.[24][25][26]

2021 edit

Eruption of Taal Volcano on July 1, 2021

In February 2021, after over a year of the 2020 eruption, the Batangas provincial government ordered residents from Taal Volcano Island to be preemptively evacuated due to the volcano's increasing activity.[27] On March 9, PHIVOLCS raised the volcano's alert level to number 2 and said that it is showing signs of an "increased unrest".[28]

In late June, localities near the volcano experienced volcanic smog or vog caused by the volcano's emission of sulfur dioxide, amounting to 14,326 tonnes on June 28.[29] The vog was confirmed to have reached as far as the Central Luzon region.[30]

On July 1, the volcano erupted at around 3:16 p.m. local time and lasted for five minutes, and the alert level was raised from level 2 to level 3. The volcano had several smaller eruptions later that day.[31][32][8] On July 4, PHIVOLCS reported Taal Volcano's highest sulfur dioxide emission on record.[33] By July 7, the volcano had a short-lived phreatomagmatic eruption occurred in the Main Crater at 5:18 a.m. local time and generated a grayish plume that rose 300 meters high before drifting southeast.[34] This was followed by a phreatomagmatic burst and weak eruption at 8:47 a.m. for seven minutes, which generated another 300-meter-high plume. Two more phreatomagmatic events were recorded by PHIVOLCS at 9:15 a.m. and 9:26 a.m., lasting for two minutes and five minutes. Another phreatomagmatic burst occurred at 11:56 a.m., which generated a 200-meter-high dark gray plume.[35] Six short-lived phreatomagmatic eruptions were recorded in Taal on Wednesday alone, the latest being at 9:41 p.m., the report added, citing Paolo Reniva of the Taal Volcano Observatory. Also on July 8, another short-lived phreatomagmatic eruption occurred in the Main Crater at 6:47 am local time and generated a 200-meter grayish plume.[36] This was followed by three more phreatomagmatic bursts at 6:06 p.m., 9:21 p.m. and 9:50 p.m.[37] On July 9, another phreatomagmatic burst occurred at 2:59 a.m.[37] On July 23, PHIVOLCS lowered the alert level status from Alert Level 3 to Level 2.[38]

After several months of continued unrest, series of 2 short-lived phreatomagmatic eruptions were recorded on several thermal webcams nearby at 1:46 a.m. and at 2:54 a.m. on November 17, 2021. There is also a chance there was another short-lived eruption a few days prior to the eruptions on the 17th.[39]

2022 edit

 
Video in crater from March 26, 2022 eruption

Between January 29 and 30, 2022, the volcano had nine phreatomagmatic bursts on its main crater.[40][41]

On March 26, PHIVOLCS raised the volcano's alert level status to Alert Level 3 due to a short lived-phreatomagmatic eruption with the evacuation of around 1,100 residents around the area and surrounding towns.[42] Two phreatomagmatic events were recorded in which it emitted toxic plumes of 800 meters and 400 meters.[43] Locals have then reported an explosion near the crater around 1:00 pm (Philippine Time) with subsequent spurs of ashes around the lake. High level toxic emissions have been recorded as well as 14 volcanic earthquakes and 10 volcanic tremors within the day.[44][45] The next day on March 27, volcanic activities were relatively tranquil with almost no recorded earthquakes although sulfur dioxide emission still measured at 1,140 tonnes.[46]

On April 9, PHIVOLCS downgraded again the alert level status from Level 3 to Level 2.[47]

Seismic activity edit

 
Copernicus Sentinel-2 image of Taal Volcano on January 23, 2020, showing magmatic activity and the ash-blanketed towns of Agoncillo and Laurel.

On February 13, 2020 the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) and the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) have reported a total of 2,484 volcano tectonic earthquakes on the vicinity of the volcano since the eruption, 176 of which were felt.[48] The strongest were a series of Mw4.1 magnitude earthquakes originating 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) northwest of Agoncillo, Batangas, which were recorded at least thrice: at 11:56 pm on January 12, 3:11 am on January 13, and 6:35 am later that day.[49] As a result, an Intensity III ("weak") on the PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale was felt in Tagaytay and an Intensity II ("slightly felt") was felt in Malabon.[50] Between 11:39 pm on January 13, 2020, and 5:50 am the following day, PHIVOLCS reported a total of 44 earthquakes in the towns of Calaca, Laurel, Lemery, Mataasnakahoy, San Luis, Taal and Talisay in Batangas, and Alfonso in Cavite; among the strongest were a magnitude Mw 3.6 in Taal, which was felt at an Intensity III in Tagaytay,[51] and a magnitude Mw 3.9 originating 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) northeast of Talisay at 2:05 am, measuring an Intensity IV ("moderately strong") in Tagaytay and Intensity II in Malabon and Pasay.[52]

As a result of these constant earthquakes, numerous fissures or cracks appeared across different barangays in the Batangas towns of Agoncillo, Lemery, San Nicolas, and Talisay, the towns within the 14-kilometer radius danger zone of Taal. A fissure also transected the road connecting Agoncillo to Laurel.[53] On January 15, PHIVOLCS reported that the water in Main Crater Lake on Volcano Island had drained; the lake measured 1.9 kilometers wide and 4 metres (13 ft) above sea level. Portions of the Pansipit River, had also drained as a result of "the ground deformation caused by an upward movement of the magma"; it was the same process that caused the series of earthquakes. PHIVOLCS have also hinted at the possible existence of underwater fissures in Taal Lake into which the water may have drained.[54]

By January 27, from 5 am until January 28, only 3 volcanic earthquakes were recorded with magnitudes 1.5 to 2.2, with no felt event. As recorded by the United States Geological Survey, 92 earthquakes were detected in the past 24 hours. Four of them are low frequency events, which are "caused by cracks resonating as magma and gases move toward the surface". PHIVOLCS also noted the low frequency events and they recorded 170 volcanic earthquakes in its 8 am bulletin.[55]

Impact edit

Casualties edit

A total of 39 people died as a result of this eruption of Taal, although only one reported case was directly caused by the eruption on January 12, 2020. According to the Manila Bulletin, people either perished because they refused to follow the evacuation order or decided to return to their homes, or died in the evacuation centers of heart attacks caused by anxiety.[3] One person died in a collision along the South Luzon Expressway in Calamba, Laguna during "zero visibility" conditions caused by ashfall.[56] On February 15, 2020, a body of a man was recovered under mud and ash at Taal Volcano Island.[57]

Economic edit

 
View of the eruption from an airplane
 
Houses at a portion of the Taal Volcano island destroyed by ashfall.

Demand for N95 masks increased rapidly during the eruption and later, the COVID-19 pandemic (after the Philippines' first case was reported on January 30), with some stores inflating its prices to ₱200 ($3.95) a piece from the standard ₱25–40 ($0.49–0.79).[58][59] The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) dispatched teams to monitor and observe the movement of retail prices in the market and warned businesses against raising prices for higher profit margins.[60] After DTI inspection, Trade Undersecretary Ruth Castelo commented that some medical establishments were selling 'fake' N95 masks, some of which are not medical-grade, and could still let in large foreign air particulates.[61] Due to the outcome of surprise inspections and consumer complaints, DTI has imposed notices of violation to 12 of the 17 stores that were inspected in Bambang, Manila, citing that these businesses will be charged with administrative and criminal cases for violating the Consumer Act.[62] Manila Mayor Isko Moreno threatened to revoke the permits of medical supply chains in the city involved in the price hike of face masks.[63] Mercury Drug, a major pharmaceutical chain, pledged to replenish supply for the masks where prices would remain steady and that it would not hoard the supply.[64][65] The Department of Health imposed price controls on health-related goods, including face masks, to protect consumers from profiteering and hoarding.[66] The DOH mandates that the prices of N95 masks, in particular, should range between ₱45–105 ($0.89–2.07).[67]

The Philippine Stock Exchange suspended trading following the eruption on January 13.[68][69]

 
Agriculture Secretary William Dar inspecting ash-covered pineapple plants on January 18, 2020

The Department of Agriculture (DA) reported that the damage to crops caused by the eruption are estimated to be ₱3.06 billion ($60.1 million), covering 2,722 hectares (27.22 km2) that includes 1,967 animals. Fisheries in the Taal Lake, consisting of about 6,000 fish cages to capture a total of 15,033 metric tons of fish, suffered losses of ₱1.6 billion ($31.4 million). Kapeng barako and Coffea liberica crops, major products of Batangas and Cavite, have damages worth at least ₱360.5 million ($7.08 million) for 8,240 metric tons and 748 hectares (1,850 acres) of land. Pineapple plantations in the Cavite towns of Amadeo, Silang and General Trias lost 21,079 metric tons of pineapple worth ₱527.25 million ($10.4 million). Rice crops in 308 hectares (760 acres) of fields across Calabarzon were lost, amounting to ₱5.6 million ($109,985), while 5,329 metric tons of corn placed losses at ₱88.9 million ($1.7 million). The Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation reassured around 1,200 farmers and fishermen in Batangas that they are insured of a three-year zero-interest survival and recovery loan worth ₱25,000 ($494.13) each, to be provided by the Mount Carmel Rural Bank.[70] The DA plans to distribute materials and mechanisms for crop and livestock intervention worth ₱160 million ($3.1 million), which includes 5,000 coffea mother plants and 1,000 cocoa bean seedlings from the Bureau of Plant Industry, to 17 local government units in Batangas.[71] The Philippine Carabao Center and National Dairy Authority delivered 1 tonne (15,000,000 gr) of corn silages and 1.5 tonnes (23,000,000 gr) of rice straws, a total of 2.5 tonnes (39,000,000 gr) of dietary fiber, to Batangas.[72]

A brickworks in Biñan, Laguna used the ash spewed from Taal to manufacture hollow blocks and bricks. Through a combination of ash, sand, cement and discarded plastic waste, around 5,000 bricks were manufactured a day and used to rebuild houses and other buildings that were damaged by the eruption. Biñan Mayor Arman Dimaguila formally instructed residents in the city to help gather ashes and deliver it to the local brickworks.[73]

The Smart and Globe telephone companies offered free calls, internet services and charging stations for those affected.[74] Water concessionaire Manila Water, in cooperation with Batangas Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, sent a convoy of 30 water tankers to various evacuation centers in Batangas. The company is also sending an initial 2,000 five-gallon units of bottled water.[75] Meralco, the country's leading power distributor, assembled solar-powered mobile charging stations at various evacuation centers across Cavite.[76]

PhilPost announced on January 16 that it would suspend delivery and acceptance of mail in Batangas towns near the Taal Volcano which falls within the "danger zone".[77]

Health edit

The Department of Health advised the public to remain indoors and minimize outdoor activities.[78] They also advised the public to refrain from purchasing and consuming freshwater fish from the Taal Lake, such as tilapia and Sardinella tawilis, as these may have been affected by the sulfur from the eruption.[79]

Agriculture Secretary William Dar clarified that fruits and vegetables filled with ash, including the Coffea liberica fruits that are homegrown in Batangas and Cavite, are safely consumable upon cleansing.[80]

Air traffic edit

 
NASA animation of the volcanic plume released by Taal from January 12–13, 2020, using data from JMA's Himawari 8 satellite. The eruption disrupted several flights to and from the Luzon island.

On January 12, 2020, the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA) suspended all flights to and from all terminals of Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) in Manila following the eruption due to the various hazardous effects of volcanic ash on flight safety.[5] The MIAA recorded that at least 516 flights from and to NAIA were suspended, with about 80,000 passengers affected.[81] On January 13, operations at NAIA resumed partially from 10 am onwards, although many flights still remained canceled or delayed.[82] A number of international flights bound for NAIA were diverted to either Clark International Airport in Angeles City, Mactan–Cebu International Airport, Haneda Airport in Tokyo, Hong Kong International Airport, or Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport in Guam.[83] By January 14, 604 flights were canceled according to the NDRRMC. However, by January 15, 537 of those flights had resumed operations.[48]

The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines advised the Luzon International Premiere Airport Development Corporation to suspend flights at Clark International Airport as reports indicate that ash could reach the area.[84] On January 13, only ten flights were reported to have been canceled, while nine flights were delayed.[85]

At Mactan–Cebu International Airport (MCIA), only 25 domestic flights (all bound for NAIA) and one international flight were canceled, all of which were on January 14. However, the MCIA had to accommodate five international flights bound for NAIA that were diverted. The GMR–Megawide Cebu Airport Corporation (GMCAC), the operator of the MCIA, requested that all diverted flights should be accommodated on a "first-come, first-serve basis" depending on the availability of aircraft parking bays. Aside from hotel bookings, passengers of the diverted flights were given small food packs. MCIA provided passengers with free bus services for inter-airport transfers and city hotel transfers. Retail stores and food concessionaires at the airport terminals immediately restocked their supply and offered discounts for passengers, available from January 12 to 14.[86]

Sports edit

Collegiate leagues, the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP)[87] and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) postponed games to be held in Metro Manila on January 13, 2020, due to ash fall. The junior basketball and junior football ties were to be held by the UAAP and volleyball games for the NCAA.[88] The AFC Champions League match between Ceres–Negros and Shan United scheduled for January 14, 2020, at the Rizal Memorial Stadium in Manila was threatened to be postponed due to ash fall the day before but match officials decided that game should push through.[89]

Response edit

Local response edit

2020 edit

On January 13, 2020, the provincial board of Batangas declared the province under a state of calamity following the eruption, ordering the evacuation of residents within a radius of 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from the volcano.[90] The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs issued a situation report stating that an estimated number of 459,300 people are within the 14-kilometer danger zone;[91] charity organization Save the Children estimated that 21,000 of those are children.[92] According to the NDRRMC situational report for January 18, 2020, a total of 16,174 families or 70,413 individuals are taking shelter in 300 evacuation centers.[48] These evacuation centers consist of over 140 schools across Batangas, Cavite and Laguna, according to the Department of Education (DepEd).[93] A total of 96,061 people were affected and electricity was cut in seven municipalities and cities across Batangas and Cavite.[94] The Talisay–Tagaytay Road in Calabarzon was temporarily closed because of the evacuation of the residents. Heavy ashfall reduced visibility to near zero in some parts of the Santa Rosa–Tagaytay Road.[95] The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) also stated that there are 5,000 family food packs and sleeping kits on the way for distribution to the evacuation centers.[96][97] The DSWD and the Department of Health (DOH) handed a combined total of ₱4.9 million (US$96,656) worth of assistance to the affected residents in Calabarzon.[48] On January 15, 2020, Cavite Governor Jonvic Remulla declared the province under a state of calamity.[98]

A state of calamity was declared in the whole Calabarzon region via Proclamation No. 906 which was signed by President Rodrigo Duterte on February 21. The declaration is set to last for one year unless lifted.[99][100][101][102]

Interior Secretary Eduardo Año directed the governors, mayors and local chief executives of Central Luzon, the National Capital Region and Southern Tagalog to convene their disaster risk reduction and management councils and instantly activate their incident management teams, network operations centers and other disaster response teams. The Department of the Interior and Local Government tasked the Philippine National Police (PNP) to deploy their disaster incident management task forces, reactionary standby forces and search and rescue units to the affected areas, while the Bureau of Fire Protection were tasked to assist the PNP and local government units in the mandatory evacuation of affected residents. Año also urged the public to donate basic necessities to the victims through the local government units.[103] The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, Philippine Air Force and Philippine Navy personnel have been dispatched to help the victims of the Taal volcano eruption.[104][105]

 
President Rodrigo Duterte addresses evacuees in Batangas City, January 14, 2020

President Rodrigo Duterte, who was in Davao City during the eruption, ordered Executive Secretary Salvador Medialdea to suspend classes and government work in Calabarzon, Central Luzon and Metro Manila. President Duterte flew to Manila on the morning of January 13 and continued with his scheduled activities there.[106] Duterte visited evacuees in Batangas City on January 14, 2020, and pledged to provide financial assistance worth ₱130 million ($2.6 million) to the affected residents.[107] He approved the recommendation of Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana to prohibit individuals from visiting or inhabiting the Taal island, declaring it a "no man's land".[108] While addressing evacuees in Batangas City, President Duterte also pushed for the construction of additional evacuation centers to be built "simultaneously" in disaster-prone areas during his administration.[109] Concurrently, Vice President Leni Robredo visited the municipalities of Santa Teresita and San Jose, and the city of Santo Tomas in Batangas, where she helped distribute food packs and face masks to the affected residents.[110] Robredo stressed the lack of medicines, toilets, toiletries and sleeping mats being provided to them, other than food and water. She also requested local officials to prepare an inventory of the damage.[111]

Following the eruption, several members of the Philippine Senate called for more action from government institutions in assisting the victims. Joel Villanueva urged the Department of Labor and Employment to issue an advisory that would guide private firms in the affected areas on deciding whether their operations should continue, considering the health and safety of its employees. Villanueva called on employers and designated safety officers to assess the safety conditions of the workplaces.[112] Imee Marcos urged the DOH and the Barangay Health Volunteers to prioritize providing clinical audits to all evacuees for them to easily access medical health care.[113] Francis Pangilinan urged the Department of Agriculture to provide long-term funding assistance and initiate alternative livelihood programs for the affected farmers and farmworkers. Pangilinan also urged the establishment of refuge areas for the pets of evacuees, as well as rescued stray animals from the affected areas.[114] Nancy Binay and Risa Hontiveros called on the DOH and DSWD to include N95 masks, the prescribed mask for cases of volcanic ash, and other protective equipment in the provision of relief goods.[115][116] Hontiveros also urged the DOH to provide mental health services, such as access to therapists, to victims who may have been traumatized by the disaster.[117] On January 16, Cavite-based Senator Bong Revilla participated in the distribution of relief goods in several towns of his home province, which had been placed under a state of calamity.[118] Some senators also proposed for additional measures to be implemented in the wake of the eruption. Senate President Tito Sotto proposed cloud seeding as a method to clear the fallen ash and debris.[119] Officials from PHIVOLCS and PAGASA, however, rejected the proposal fearing that cloud seeding may result in acid rain or lahars.[120] Sherwin Gatchalian urged the Philippine Congress to pass an additional budget of ₱10 billion ($196.4 million) to the nation's existing calamity budget, as at least ₱35 billion ($687.9 million) is at stake from the damages caused by the eruption.[121]

In the Philippine House of Representatives, House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano (Pateros–Taguig) directed Leyte 4th district representative Lucy Torres-Gomez, chairperson of the House Committee on Disaster Management, to collaborate with other relevant committees, government agencies and urban planning experts in composing a short-term and long-term comprehensive rehabilitation plan for the affected areas.[122] Cavite 4th district representative Elpidio Barzaga Jr. filed House Resolution 643, ordering the House to conduct an investigation on the lack of warning from PHIVOLCS regarding the imminent eruption. Barzaga stated that PHIVOLCS had issued an Alert Level 1 on Taal Volcano (indicating a "slight increase in volcanic activity") since March 2019, but he claimed that it failed to properly disseminate information to the public. The resolution also probes the presence of permanent settlements in the Taal island, despite the PHIVOLCS having already declared the island a "permanent danger zone". House Majority Leader Martin Romualdez (Leyte 1st district), however, defended PHIVOLCS by implying the difficulty in predicting the occurrence of volcanic eruptions. Romualdez added that the House allotted to PHIVOLCS an additional ₱221.4 million ($4.3 million) in order to reform "the country's monitoring and warning program for volcanic eruption."[123]

Senator Grace Poe and Albay 2nd district representative Joey Salceda pushed Congress to immediately pass the Department of Disaster Resilience (DDR) Bill to create the said department, an executive department responsible for disaster response and emergency management.[124] Poe illustrated that the DDR would place the existing NDRRMC under its organizational structure and create three new bureaus (disaster resiliency, disaster preparation and response, and knowledge management and dissemination).[125] Salceda criticized the government's current system of disaster response mobilization that requires a "time consuming and confusing" inter-agency coordination, adding that the creation of the DDR would resolve these issues by "unifying the different functions" to ensure the efficiency of disaster relief goods and personnel.[126]

Several provinces have contributed humanitarian aid to the affected residents. The provincial government of Pampanga has sent aid, totaling in 8,500 food packs, plus teams of medical personnel, social workers, and search and rescue personnel for deployment.[127] In addition, city governments across Metro Manila have also contributed aid, ranging from in-kind donations, toiletries, food packs, N95 masks and others.[128] Other local governments soon pitched help, including the provincial governments of Quirino and Bulacan, which donated food packs and medical supplies.[129] Meanwhile, farmers and traders in the provinces of Benguet and Nueva Vizcaya donated vegetables to the Taal victims.[130][131] The autonomous regional government of Bangsamoro also sent ₱2 million-worth of food and non-food items as aid.[132]

The fanbase of pop singer Sarah Geronimo organized a charity public event at Luneta Park in Manila on January 18 where attendees participated in a flash mob of the viral "Tala" dance challenge.[133] The proceeds for participating in the event would be forwarded to the Philippine Red Cross for donations to the eruption victims.[134]

The University of the Philippines will open its own map data of the volcano from 2014 to 2017 through its UP Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry to the public to speed up the rehabilitation of the affected areas.[135]

In October 2020, the National Housing Authority (Philippines) (NHA) revealed that the Department of Budget and Management has not yet allotted a budget to the agency for the relocation of displaced residents, though to compensate the NHA has opened its inventory of 10,000 available housing units in Batangas, Cavite and Laguna to the evacuees.[136]

2021 edit

As the result of 2021 eruption, over 4,000 residents from three barangays near the volcano in the province's municipality of Laurel voluntarily left their homes that night and were subsequently sheltered, 16 kilometers away from the area.[137]

Some evacuees were brought to Nasugbu while the others in Alfonso, Cavite, where the latter will conduct a COVID-19 antigen test for the individuals in their area.[138] Meanwhile, the NDRRMC reported that 1,282 individuals from nearby municipalities of the province flee from their towns and are in evacuation shelters on July 2, 2021.[139] The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) have prepared over ₱1.4 million (US$28,419) worth of food packs and ₱11 million (US$223,297) in non-food items for the evacuees.[140] The Southern Luzon Command of the AFP were also dispatched in Batangas to aid the Calabarzon Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (RDRRMC) and local government units (LGUs) in the area, while the Calabarzon police forces were on alert since July 2 due to the volcano's activity.[140]

2022 edit

The PHIVOLCS advised the evacuation of high risk areas, such as the Volcano Island, which have been considered as a permanent danger zone, the barangays of Bilibinwang and Banyaga in the town of Agoncillo, and the barangays of Boso-boso, Gulod and eastern Bugaan East in the town of Laurel.[141][142] The NDRRMC reported that at least 9,000 individuals from municipalities of the province of Batangas are evacuated.[143]

International response edit

The Philippine government, while it said that it would accept any international aid, has stated that it will not actively seek for foreign aid believing that it still has the capability to deal with the Taal Volcano eruption.[144]

The China Coast Guard donated 600 pieces of N95 masks, food packs, and other relief goods to evacuees in Batangas through the Philippine Coast Guard.[145]

The United States Agency for International Development and its Volcano Disaster Assistance Program, through the U.S. Embassy in the Philippines, is providing thermographic cameras and remote technical support to assist the Philippine government in monitoring Taal's volcanic activity.[146] South Korea has also pledged US$200,000 in humanitarian aid through the Philippine Red Cross.[147] The Singapore Red Cross on their part relayed about S$67,000-worth of humanitarian aid to support the operations of their Philippine counterpart.[148] The Emirates Red Crescent also sent a delegation to the Philippines to assist on the relief operations.[149]

American comedian Dave Chappelle, who visited Manila during the eruption, donated ₱1 million ($19,671) to the relief efforts for the eruption victims through the Rayomar Outreach Foundation.[150]

The European Union, through its Acute Large Emergency Response Tool (ALERT), has donated ₱42 million (€750 thousand) in humanitarian aid which includes emergency shelter, psychosocial support services including child protection services and essential household items.[151][152]

See also edit

References edit

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External links edit

  •   Media related to 2020–2022 Taal Volcano eruptions at Wikimedia Commons
  • ReliefWeb's main page for this event.

February 15, 2024
2020, 2022, taal, volcano, eruptions, taal, volcano, batangas, philippines, began, erupt, january, 2020, when, phreatomagmatic, eruption, from, main, crater, spewed, ashes, over, calabarzon, metro, manila, some, parts, central, luzon, ilocos, region, resulting. Taal Volcano in Batangas Philippines began to erupt on January 12 2020 when a phreatomagmatic eruption from its main crater spewed ashes over Calabarzon Metro Manila and some parts of Central Luzon and Ilocos Region resulting in the suspension of school classes work schedules and flights in the area 4 5 The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology PHIVOLCS subsequently issued an Alert Level 4 indicating that a hazardous explosive eruption is possible within hours to days 6 7 Volcanic activity continued into 2021 when smaller eruptions occurred in July 2021 8 On 26 March 2022 a short lived phreatomagmatic eruption was recorded by PHIVOLCS raising the status from Alert level 2 to Alert level 3 as well as surrounding towns 2020 2022 Taal Volcano eruptionsThe January 12 2020 eruptionVolcanoTaal VolcanoDateFirst eruptionJanuary 12 22 2020 1 Second eruptionJuly 1 9 2021 2 Third eruptionNovember 15 22 2021 1 Fourth eruption March 26 31 2022TypePhreatomagmatic Phreactic PlinianLocationBatangas Calabarzon Philippines14 00 38 N 120 59 52 E 14 01056 N 120 99778 E 14 01056 120 99778VEI4 January 2020 eruption 1 Impact39 dead only 1 direct 38 indirect 3 Map of Batangas highlighting the areas under the 14 kilometer radius danger zone Contents 1 Volcanic activity 1 1 2020 1 2 2021 1 3 2022 2 Seismic activity 3 Impact 3 1 Casualties 3 2 Economic 3 3 Health 3 4 Air traffic 3 5 Sports 4 Response 4 1 Local response 4 1 1 2020 4 1 2 2021 4 1 3 2022 4 2 International response 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksVolcanic activity edit2020 edit nbsp Phreatic activity leading up to the first explosive event captured at the main crater of Taal Volcano Video taken from the installed IP camera of PHIVOLCS monitoring Taal VolcanoThe volcano erupted on the afternoon of January 12 2020 43 years after its previous eruption in 1977 6 According to PHIVOLCS director Dr Renato Solidum seismic swarms began at 11 am and were later followed by a phreatic eruption from Volcano Island Main Crater at around 1 pm Philippine Standard Time UTC 8 9 Loud rumbling sounds were also felt and heard from the volcano island By 2 30 pm PHIVOLCS raised the alert status to Alert Level 2 although PHIVOLCS through its Taal Volcano Observatory had advised residents of Volcano Island to evacuate at around 1 pm 10 Stronger explosions began around 3 pm that spewed an ash column exceeding a kilometer high prompting PHIVOLCS to upgrade the alert status to Alert Level 3 by 4 pm 11 12 Furthermore Solidum confirmed that there was a magmatic intrusion that was driving the volcano s unrest PHIVOLCS advised evacuation of the towns of Balete San Nicolas and Talisay in Batangas and other towns within the shores of Taal Lake 13 14 By 7 30 pm PHIVOLCS upgraded the alert status to Alert Level 4 after volcanic activities intensified as continuous eruption generated a tall 10 to 15 kilometres 6 2 to 9 3 mi steam laden tephra column with frequent volcanic lightning that rained wet ashfall on the general north as far as Quezon City and Caloocan 15 Ashfall from the volcano were also experienced in Cavite and Laguna and reached as far as Metro Manila and Pampanga 16 17 nbsp Explosion seen from the Tagaytay City viewdeck Part of this full video On January 13 PHIVOLCS reported that the activity on its main crater had transitioned into a lava fountain between 2 48 am to 4 28 am 18 A lava fountain was recorded at 3 20 am 19 The Department of Environment and Natural Resources DENR presented a study that the air quality index of cities in Metro Manila had worsened Mandaluyong had the highest amount of inhalable coarse particulate matter PM10 with 118 followed by Las Pinas 108 and Taguig 104 all of which were considered unhealthy for sensitive groups with respiratory issues Meanwhile the cities with the least amount of PM10 were San Juan and Malabon both with good amounts of 22 and 28 respectively These were followed by moderate fair amounts of PM10 in Pasig 55 Paranaque 62 and Makati 63 20 By January 15 PHIVOLCS reported that the slightly acidic lake which filled the main crater prior to the eruption had dried up which was after confirmed by European satellite observations 21 On January 28 the main crater emitted 800 meters of steam according to an 8 am bulletin by PHIVOLCS It was described as a below instrumental detection while Alert Level 3 remained raised 22 On August 18 PHIVOLCS reported a 20 meter steam emission from the volcano s main crater and several volcanic earthquakes within its vicinity 23 Subsequent earthquakes have been recorded until late August PHIVOLCS asserted that the volcanic activity was normal but advised local governments to remain prepared in case of an eruption 24 25 26 2021 edit source source source source source source source Eruption of Taal Volcano on July 1 2021In February 2021 after over a year of the 2020 eruption the Batangas provincial government ordered residents from Taal Volcano Island to be preemptively evacuated due to the volcano s increasing activity 27 On March 9 PHIVOLCS raised the volcano s alert level to number 2 and said that it is showing signs of an increased unrest 28 In late June localities near the volcano experienced volcanic smog or vog caused by the volcano s emission of sulfur dioxide amounting to 14 326 tonnes on June 28 29 The vog was confirmed to have reached as far as the Central Luzon region 30 On July 1 the volcano erupted at around 3 16 p m local time and lasted for five minutes and the alert level was raised from level 2 to level 3 The volcano had several smaller eruptions later that day 31 32 8 On July 4 PHIVOLCS reported Taal Volcano s highest sulfur dioxide emission on record 33 By July 7 the volcano had a short lived phreatomagmatic eruption occurred in the Main Crater at 5 18 a m local time and generated a grayish plume that rose 300 meters high before drifting southeast 34 This was followed by a phreatomagmatic burst and weak eruption at 8 47 a m for seven minutes which generated another 300 meter high plume Two more phreatomagmatic events were recorded by PHIVOLCS at 9 15 a m and 9 26 a m lasting for two minutes and five minutes Another phreatomagmatic burst occurred at 11 56 a m which generated a 200 meter high dark gray plume 35 Six short lived phreatomagmatic eruptions were recorded in Taal on Wednesday alone the latest being at 9 41 p m the report added citing Paolo Reniva of the Taal Volcano Observatory Also on July 8 another short lived phreatomagmatic eruption occurred in the Main Crater at 6 47 am local time and generated a 200 meter grayish plume 36 This was followed by three more phreatomagmatic bursts at 6 06 p m 9 21 p m and 9 50 p m 37 On July 9 another phreatomagmatic burst occurred at 2 59 a m 37 On July 23 PHIVOLCS lowered the alert level status from Alert Level 3 to Level 2 38 After several months of continued unrest series of 2 short lived phreatomagmatic eruptions were recorded on several thermal webcams nearby at 1 46 a m and at 2 54 a m on November 17 2021 There is also a chance there was another short lived eruption a few days prior to the eruptions on the 17th 39 2022 edit nbsp Video in crater from March 26 2022 eruptionBetween January 29 and 30 2022 the volcano had nine phreatomagmatic bursts on its main crater 40 41 On March 26 PHIVOLCS raised the volcano s alert level status to Alert Level 3 due to a short lived phreatomagmatic eruption with the evacuation of around 1 100 residents around the area and surrounding towns 42 Two phreatomagmatic events were recorded in which it emitted toxic plumes of 800 meters and 400 meters 43 Locals have then reported an explosion near the crater around 1 00 pm Philippine Time with subsequent spurs of ashes around the lake High level toxic emissions have been recorded as well as 14 volcanic earthquakes and 10 volcanic tremors within the day 44 45 The next day on March 27 volcanic activities were relatively tranquil with almost no recorded earthquakes although sulfur dioxide emission still measured at 1 140 tonnes 46 On April 9 PHIVOLCS downgraded again the alert level status from Level 3 to Level 2 47 Seismic activity edit nbsp Copernicus Sentinel 2 image of Taal Volcano on January 23 2020 showing magmatic activity and the ash blanketed towns of Agoncillo and Laurel On February 13 2020 the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council NDRRMC and the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology PHIVOLCS have reported a total of 2 484 volcano tectonic earthquakes on the vicinity of the volcano since the eruption 176 of which were felt 48 The strongest were a series of Mw4 1 magnitude earthquakes originating 6 kilometers 3 7 mi northwest of Agoncillo Batangas which were recorded at least thrice at 11 56 pm on January 12 3 11 am on January 13 and 6 35 am later that day 49 As a result an Intensity III weak on the PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale was felt in Tagaytay and an Intensity II slightly felt was felt in Malabon 50 Between 11 39 pm on January 13 2020 and 5 50 am the following day PHIVOLCS reported a total of 44 earthquakes in the towns of Calaca Laurel Lemery Mataasnakahoy San Luis Taal and Talisay in Batangas and Alfonso in Cavite among the strongest were a magnitude Mw 3 6 in Taal which was felt at an Intensity III in Tagaytay 51 and a magnitude Mw 3 9 originating 7 kilometres 4 3 mi northeast of Talisay at 2 05 am measuring an Intensity IV moderately strong in Tagaytay and Intensity II in Malabon and Pasay 52 As a result of these constant earthquakes numerous fissures or cracks appeared across different barangays in the Batangas towns of Agoncillo Lemery San Nicolas and Talisay the towns within the 14 kilometer radius danger zone of Taal A fissure also transected the road connecting Agoncillo to Laurel 53 On January 15 PHIVOLCS reported that the water in Main Crater Lake on Volcano Island had drained the lake measured 1 9 kilometers wide and 4 metres 13 ft above sea level Portions of the Pansipit River had also drained as a result of the ground deformation caused by an upward movement of the magma it was the same process that caused the series of earthquakes PHIVOLCS have also hinted at the possible existence of underwater fissures in Taal Lake into which the water may have drained 54 By January 27 from 5 am until January 28 only 3 volcanic earthquakes were recorded with magnitudes 1 5 to 2 2 with no felt event As recorded by the United States Geological Survey 92 earthquakes were detected in the past 24 hours Four of them are low frequency events which are caused by cracks resonating as magma and gases move toward the surface PHIVOLCS also noted the low frequency events and they recorded 170 volcanic earthquakes in its 8 am bulletin 55 Impact editCasualties edit A total of 39 people died as a result of this eruption of Taal although only one reported case was directly caused by the eruption on January 12 2020 According to the Manila Bulletin people either perished because they refused to follow the evacuation order or decided to return to their homes or died in the evacuation centers of heart attacks caused by anxiety 3 One person died in a collision along the South Luzon Expressway in Calamba Laguna during zero visibility conditions caused by ashfall 56 On February 15 2020 a body of a man was recovered under mud and ash at Taal Volcano Island 57 Economic edit nbsp View of the eruption from an airplane nbsp Houses at a portion of the Taal Volcano island destroyed by ashfall Demand for N95 masks increased rapidly during the eruption and later the COVID 19 pandemic after the Philippines first case was reported on January 30 with some stores inflating its prices to 200 3 95 a piece from the standard 25 40 0 49 0 79 58 59 The Department of Trade and Industry DTI dispatched teams to monitor and observe the movement of retail prices in the market and warned businesses against raising prices for higher profit margins 60 After DTI inspection Trade Undersecretary Ruth Castelo commented that some medical establishments were selling fake N95 masks some of which are not medical grade and could still let in large foreign air particulates 61 Due to the outcome of surprise inspections and consumer complaints DTI has imposed notices of violation to 12 of the 17 stores that were inspected in Bambang Manila citing that these businesses will be charged with administrative and criminal cases for violating the Consumer Act 62 Manila Mayor Isko Moreno threatened to revoke the permits of medical supply chains in the city involved in the price hike of face masks 63 Mercury Drug a major pharmaceutical chain pledged to replenish supply for the masks where prices would remain steady and that it would not hoard the supply 64 65 The Department of Health imposed price controls on health related goods including face masks to protect consumers from profiteering and hoarding 66 The DOH mandates that the prices of N95 masks in particular should range between 45 105 0 89 2 07 67 The Philippine Stock Exchange suspended trading following the eruption on January 13 68 69 nbsp Agriculture Secretary William Dar inspecting ash covered pineapple plants on January 18 2020The Department of Agriculture DA reported that the damage to crops caused by the eruption are estimated to be 3 06 billion 60 1 million covering 2 722 hectares 27 22 km2 that includes 1 967 animals Fisheries in the Taal Lake consisting of about 6 000 fish cages to capture a total of 15 033 metric tons of fish suffered losses of 1 6 billion 31 4 million Kapeng barako and Coffea liberica crops major products of Batangas and Cavite have damages worth at least 360 5 million 7 08 million for 8 240 metric tons and 748 hectares 1 850 acres of land Pineapple plantations in the Cavite towns of Amadeo Silang and General Trias lost 21 079 metric tons of pineapple worth 527 25 million 10 4 million Rice crops in 308 hectares 760 acres of fields across Calabarzon were lost amounting to 5 6 million 109 985 while 5 329 metric tons of corn placed losses at 88 9 million 1 7 million The Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation reassured around 1 200 farmers and fishermen in Batangas that they are insured of a three year zero interest survival and recovery loan worth 25 000 494 13 each to be provided by the Mount Carmel Rural Bank 70 The DA plans to distribute materials and mechanisms for crop and livestock intervention worth 160 million 3 1 million which includes 5 000 coffea mother plants and 1 000 cocoa bean seedlings from the Bureau of Plant Industry to 17 local government units in Batangas 71 The Philippine Carabao Center and National Dairy Authority delivered 1 tonne 15 000 000 gr of corn silages and 1 5 tonnes 23 000 000 gr of rice straws a total of 2 5 tonnes 39 000 000 gr of dietary fiber to Batangas 72 A brickworks in Binan Laguna used the ash spewed from Taal to manufacture hollow blocks and bricks Through a combination of ash sand cement and discarded plastic waste around 5 000 bricks were manufactured a day and used to rebuild houses and other buildings that were damaged by the eruption Binan Mayor Arman Dimaguila formally instructed residents in the city to help gather ashes and deliver it to the local brickworks 73 The Smart and Globe telephone companies offered free calls internet services and charging stations for those affected 74 Water concessionaire Manila Water in cooperation with Batangas Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office sent a convoy of 30 water tankers to various evacuation centers in Batangas The company is also sending an initial 2 000 five gallon units of bottled water 75 Meralco the country s leading power distributor assembled solar powered mobile charging stations at various evacuation centers across Cavite 76 PhilPost announced on January 16 that it would suspend delivery and acceptance of mail in Batangas towns near the Taal Volcano which falls within the danger zone 77 Health edit The Department of Health advised the public to remain indoors and minimize outdoor activities 78 They also advised the public to refrain from purchasing and consuming freshwater fish from the Taal Lake such as tilapia and Sardinella tawilis as these may have been affected by the sulfur from the eruption 79 Agriculture Secretary William Dar clarified that fruits and vegetables filled with ash including the Coffea liberica fruits that are homegrown in Batangas and Cavite are safely consumable upon cleansing 80 Air traffic edit nbsp NASA animation of the volcanic plume released by Taal from January 12 13 2020 using data from JMA s Himawari 8 satellite The eruption disrupted several flights to and from the Luzon island On January 12 2020 the Manila International Airport Authority MIAA suspended all flights to and from all terminals of Ninoy Aquino International Airport NAIA in Manila following the eruption due to the various hazardous effects of volcanic ash on flight safety 5 The MIAA recorded that at least 516 flights from and to NAIA were suspended with about 80 000 passengers affected 81 On January 13 operations at NAIA resumed partially from 10 am onwards although many flights still remained canceled or delayed 82 A number of international flights bound for NAIA were diverted to either Clark International Airport in Angeles City Mactan Cebu International Airport Haneda Airport in Tokyo Hong Kong International Airport or Antonio B Won Pat International Airport in Guam 83 By January 14 604 flights were canceled according to the NDRRMC However by January 15 537 of those flights had resumed operations 48 The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines advised the Luzon International Premiere Airport Development Corporation to suspend flights at Clark International Airport as reports indicate that ash could reach the area 84 On January 13 only ten flights were reported to have been canceled while nine flights were delayed 85 At Mactan Cebu International Airport MCIA only 25 domestic flights all bound for NAIA and one international flight were canceled all of which were on January 14 However the MCIA had to accommodate five international flights bound for NAIA that were diverted The GMR Megawide Cebu Airport Corporation GMCAC the operator of the MCIA requested that all diverted flights should be accommodated on a first come first serve basis depending on the availability of aircraft parking bays Aside from hotel bookings passengers of the diverted flights were given small food packs MCIA provided passengers with free bus services for inter airport transfers and city hotel transfers Retail stores and food concessionaires at the airport terminals immediately restocked their supply and offered discounts for passengers available from January 12 to 14 86 Sports edit Collegiate leagues the University Athletic Association of the Philippines UAAP 87 and the National Collegiate Athletic Association NCAA postponed games to be held in Metro Manila on January 13 2020 due to ash fall The junior basketball and junior football ties were to be held by the UAAP and volleyball games for the NCAA 88 The AFC Champions League match between Ceres Negros and Shan United scheduled for January 14 2020 at the Rizal Memorial Stadium in Manila was threatened to be postponed due to ash fall the day before but match officials decided that game should push through 89 Response editThis section may be too long to read and navigate comfortably Please consider splitting content into sub articles condensing it or adding subheadings Please discuss this issue on the article s talk page July 2021 It has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled Response of 2020 2022 Taal Volcano eruptions Discuss March 2022 Local response edit 2020 edit On January 13 2020 the provincial board of Batangas declared the province under a state of calamity following the eruption ordering the evacuation of residents within a radius of 14 kilometres 8 7 mi from the volcano 90 The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs issued a situation report stating that an estimated number of 459 300 people are within the 14 kilometer danger zone 91 charity organization Save the Children estimated that 21 000 of those are children 92 According to the NDRRMC situational report for January 18 2020 a total of 16 174 families or 70 413 individuals are taking shelter in 300 evacuation centers 48 These evacuation centers consist of over 140 schools across Batangas Cavite and Laguna according to the Department of Education DepEd 93 A total of 96 061 people were affected and electricity was cut in seven municipalities and cities across Batangas and Cavite 94 The Talisay Tagaytay Road in Calabarzon was temporarily closed because of the evacuation of the residents Heavy ashfall reduced visibility to near zero in some parts of the Santa Rosa Tagaytay Road 95 The Department of Social Welfare and Development DSWD also stated that there are 5 000 family food packs and sleeping kits on the way for distribution to the evacuation centers 96 97 The DSWD and the Department of Health DOH handed a combined total of 4 9 million US 96 656 worth of assistance to the affected residents in Calabarzon 48 On January 15 2020 Cavite Governor Jonvic Remulla declared the province under a state of calamity 98 A state of calamity was declared in the whole Calabarzon region via Proclamation No 906 which was signed by President Rodrigo Duterte on February 21 The declaration is set to last for one year unless lifted 99 100 101 102 Interior Secretary Eduardo Ano directed the governors mayors and local chief executives of Central Luzon the National Capital Region and Southern Tagalog to convene their disaster risk reduction and management councils and instantly activate their incident management teams network operations centers and other disaster response teams The Department of the Interior and Local Government tasked the Philippine National Police PNP to deploy their disaster incident management task forces reactionary standby forces and search and rescue units to the affected areas while the Bureau of Fire Protection were tasked to assist the PNP and local government units in the mandatory evacuation of affected residents Ano also urged the public to donate basic necessities to the victims through the local government units 103 The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority Philippine Air Force and Philippine Navy personnel have been dispatched to help the victims of the Taal volcano eruption 104 105 nbsp President Rodrigo Duterte addresses evacuees in Batangas City January 14 2020 President Rodrigo Duterte who was in Davao City during the eruption ordered Executive Secretary Salvador Medialdea to suspend classes and government work in Calabarzon Central Luzon and Metro Manila President Duterte flew to Manila on the morning of January 13 and continued with his scheduled activities there 106 Duterte visited evacuees in Batangas City on January 14 2020 and pledged to provide financial assistance worth 130 million 2 6 million to the affected residents 107 He approved the recommendation of Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana to prohibit individuals from visiting or inhabiting the Taal island declaring it a no man s land 108 While addressing evacuees in Batangas City President Duterte also pushed for the construction of additional evacuation centers to be built simultaneously in disaster prone areas during his administration 109 Concurrently Vice President Leni Robredo visited the municipalities of Santa Teresita and San Jose and the city of Santo Tomas in Batangas where she helped distribute food packs and face masks to the affected residents 110 Robredo stressed the lack of medicines toilets toiletries and sleeping mats being provided to them other than food and water She also requested local officials to prepare an inventory of the damage 111 Following the eruption several members of the Philippine Senate called for more action from government institutions in assisting the victims Joel Villanueva urged the Department of Labor and Employment to issue an advisory that would guide private firms in the affected areas on deciding whether their operations should continue considering the health and safety of its employees Villanueva called on employers and designated safety officers to assess the safety conditions of the workplaces 112 Imee Marcos urged the DOH and the Barangay Health Volunteers to prioritize providing clinical audits to all evacuees for them to easily access medical health care 113 Francis Pangilinan urged the Department of Agriculture to provide long term funding assistance and initiate alternative livelihood programs for the affected farmers and farmworkers Pangilinan also urged the establishment of refuge areas for the pets of evacuees as well as rescued stray animals from the affected areas 114 Nancy Binay and Risa Hontiveros called on the DOH and DSWD to include N95 masks the prescribed mask for cases of volcanic ash and other protective equipment in the provision of relief goods 115 116 Hontiveros also urged the DOH to provide mental health services such as access to therapists to victims who may have been traumatized by the disaster 117 On January 16 Cavite based Senator Bong Revilla participated in the distribution of relief goods in several towns of his home province which had been placed under a state of calamity 118 Some senators also proposed for additional measures to be implemented in the wake of the eruption Senate President Tito Sotto proposed cloud seeding as a method to clear the fallen ash and debris 119 Officials from PHIVOLCS and PAGASA however rejected the proposal fearing that cloud seeding may result in acid rain or lahars 120 Sherwin Gatchalian urged the Philippine Congress to pass an additional budget of 10 billion 196 4 million to the nation s existing calamity budget as at least 35 billion 687 9 million is at stake from the damages caused by the eruption 121 In the Philippine House of Representatives House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano Pateros Taguig directed Leyte 4th district representative Lucy Torres Gomez chairperson of the House Committee on Disaster Management to collaborate with other relevant committees government agencies and urban planning experts in composing a short term and long term comprehensive rehabilitation plan for the affected areas 122 Cavite 4th district representative Elpidio Barzaga Jr filed House Resolution 643 ordering the House to conduct an investigation on the lack of warning from PHIVOLCS regarding the imminent eruption Barzaga stated that PHIVOLCS had issued an Alert Level 1 on Taal Volcano indicating a slight increase in volcanic activity since March 2019 but he claimed that it failed to properly disseminate information to the public The resolution also probes the presence of permanent settlements in the Taal island despite the PHIVOLCS having already declared the island a permanent danger zone House Majority Leader Martin Romualdez Leyte 1st district however defended PHIVOLCS by implying the difficulty in predicting the occurrence of volcanic eruptions Romualdez added that the House allotted to PHIVOLCS an additional 221 4 million 4 3 million in order to reform the country s monitoring and warning program for volcanic eruption 123 Senator Grace Poe and Albay 2nd district representative Joey Salceda pushed Congress to immediately pass the Department of Disaster Resilience DDR Bill to create the said department an executive department responsible for disaster response and emergency management 124 Poe illustrated that the DDR would place the existing NDRRMC under its organizational structure and create three new bureaus disaster resiliency disaster preparation and response and knowledge management and dissemination 125 Salceda criticized the government s current system of disaster response mobilization that requires a time consuming and confusing inter agency coordination adding that the creation of the DDR would resolve these issues by unifying the different functions to ensure the efficiency of disaster relief goods and personnel 126 Several provinces have contributed humanitarian aid to the affected residents The provincial government of Pampanga has sent aid totaling in 8 500 food packs plus teams of medical personnel social workers and search and rescue personnel for deployment 127 In addition city governments across Metro Manila have also contributed aid ranging from in kind donations toiletries food packs N95 masks and others 128 Other local governments soon pitched help including the provincial governments of Quirino and Bulacan which donated food packs and medical supplies 129 Meanwhile farmers and traders in the provinces of Benguet and Nueva Vizcaya donated vegetables to the Taal victims 130 131 The autonomous regional government of Bangsamoro also sent 2 million worth of food and non food items as aid 132 The fanbase of pop singer Sarah Geronimo organized a charity public event at Luneta Park in Manila on January 18 where attendees participated in a flash mob of the viral Tala dance challenge 133 The proceeds for participating in the event would be forwarded to the Philippine Red Cross for donations to the eruption victims 134 The University of the Philippines will open its own map data of the volcano from 2014 to 2017 through its UP Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry to the public to speed up the rehabilitation of the affected areas 135 In October 2020 the National Housing Authority Philippines NHA revealed that the Department of Budget and Management has not yet allotted a budget to the agency for the relocation of displaced residents though to compensate the NHA has opened its inventory of 10 000 available housing units in Batangas Cavite and Laguna to the evacuees 136 2021 edit As the result of 2021 eruption over 4 000 residents from three barangays near the volcano in the province s municipality of Laurel voluntarily left their homes that night and were subsequently sheltered 16 kilometers away from the area 137 Some evacuees were brought to Nasugbu while the others in Alfonso Cavite where the latter will conduct a COVID 19 antigen test for the individuals in their area 138 Meanwhile the NDRRMC reported that 1 282 individuals from nearby municipalities of the province flee from their towns and are in evacuation shelters on July 2 2021 139 The Department of Social Welfare and Development DSWD have prepared over 1 4 million US 28 419 worth of food packs and 11 million US 223 297 in non food items for the evacuees 140 The Southern Luzon Command of the AFP were also dispatched in Batangas to aid the Calabarzon Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council RDRRMC and local government units LGUs in the area while the Calabarzon police forces were on alert since July 2 due to the volcano s activity 140 2022 edit The PHIVOLCS advised the evacuation of high risk areas such as the Volcano Island which have been considered as a permanent danger zone the barangays of Bilibinwang and Banyaga in the town of Agoncillo and the barangays of Boso boso Gulod and eastern Bugaan East in the town of Laurel 141 142 The NDRRMC reported that at least 9 000 individuals from municipalities of the province of Batangas are evacuated 143 International response edit The Philippine government while it said that it would accept any international aid has stated that it will not actively seek for foreign aid believing that it still has the capability to deal with the Taal Volcano eruption 144 The China Coast Guard donated 600 pieces of N95 masks food packs and other relief goods to evacuees in Batangas through the Philippine Coast Guard 145 The United States Agency for International Development and its Volcano Disaster Assistance Program through the U S Embassy in the Philippines is providing thermographic cameras and remote technical support to assist the Philippine government in monitoring Taal s volcanic activity 146 South Korea has also pledged US 200 000 in humanitarian aid through the Philippine Red Cross 147 The Singapore Red Cross on their part relayed about S 67 000 worth of humanitarian aid to support the operations of their Philippine counterpart 148 The Emirates Red Crescent also sent a delegation to the Philippines to assist on the relief operations 149 American comedian Dave Chappelle who visited Manila during the eruption donated 1 million 19 671 to the relief efforts for the eruption victims through the Rayomar Outreach Foundation 150 The European Union through its Acute Large Emergency Response Tool ALERT has donated 42 million 750 thousand in humanitarian aid which includes emergency shelter psychosocial support services including child protection services and essential household items 151 152 See also edit nbsp Philippines portal nbsp Volcanoes portal nbsp Earth sciences portalList of large volcanic eruptions in the 21st centuryReferences edit a b c Taal Eruptive History Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution Retrieved May 15 2021 Global Volcanism Program Report on Taal Philippines 21 27 July 2021 volcano si edu Archived from the original on August 14 2021 Retrieved October 4 2021 a b Recuenco Aaron February 2 2020 39 deaths recorded during Taal Volcano s eruption Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on November 30 2020 Retrieved March 1 2020 LIST Class suspensions due to Taal Volcano eruption Philippine Daily Inquirer January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 a b Taal eruption puts NAIA flights on hold GMA News January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 a b Alert Level 3 raised as Taal volcano manifests steam driven explosion Manila Bulletin January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 12 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 PHIVOLCS warns of hazardous explosive eruption of Taal Volcano soon 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the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Evacuations underway as PHIVOLCS raises Alert Level 3 over Taal Volcano CNN Philippines January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Taal Volcano now on Alert Level 4 Philippine Daily Inquirer January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 LOOK Heavy ashfall in Batangas Cavite Laguna after Taal eruption Philippine Daily Inquirer January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Ash fall from Taal Volcano reaches parts of Metro Manila NDRRMC GMA News January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 BULKANG TAAL NAGBUGA NG LAVA FOUNTAIN DWIZ January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 12 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Lava fountain from Taal Volcano Philippine Daily Inquirer January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Acosta Renzo January 13 2020 Ashfall from Taal blast worsened air quality in some parts of NCR Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Amos Jonathan January 16 2020 Taal volcano lake all but gone in eruption BBC News Archived from the original on January 17 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Hallare Katrina January 28 2020 Taal Volcano emits steam 800 meters high Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 28 2020 Retrieved January 28 2020 Ramos Christia Marie August 18 2020 Phivolcs reports weak steam emission from Taal Volcano Inquirer net Archived from the original on April 22 2021 Retrieved March 10 2021 PHIVOLCS 20 volcanic quakes recorded around Taal in 24 hours Alert Level 1 stays GMA News Online Archived from the original on April 18 2021 Retrieved March 10 2021 Phivolcs records 20 volcanic quakes around Taal Manila Bulletin mb com ph Retrieved March 10 2021 Maru Davinci August 18 2020 Phivolcs 4 active volcanoes under alert level 1 no cause for alarm ABS CBN News Archived from the original on September 23 2020 Retrieved March 10 2021 Maru Davinci February 16 2021 Batangas residents evacuated over Taal Volcano s increased activity ABS CBN News Archived from the original on July 2 2021 Retrieved March 10 2021 Phivolcs raises alert level 2 over Taal Volcano CNN Philippines Archived from the original on July 2 2021 Retrieved March 10 2021 Haze over Metro Manila not Taal Volcano vog but pollution Phivolcs CNN Philippines June 28 2021 Archived from the original on July 7 2021 Retrieved July 2 2021 Sulfur dioxide from Taal spread to NCR and other provinces Phivolcs clarifies with new data CNN Philippines June 30 2021 Archived from the original on June 30 2021 Retrieved July 2 2021 Taal Volcano Eruption Update 11 00 pm of July 1 2021 Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology PHIVOLCS July 2 2021 Archived from the original on July 2 2021 Retrieved July 2 2021 Casinas Jhon Aldrin July 1 2021 Alert Level 3 raised over Taal Volcano Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on July 2 2021 Retrieved July 1 2021 PHIVOLCS Another Taal Volcano eruption may happen anytime soon GMA News July 4 2021 Archived from the original on July 4 2021 Retrieved July 4 2021 Taal Volcano Bulletin 07 July 2021 8 00 am Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology PHIVOLCS July 7 2021 Archived from the original on July 7 2021 Retrieved July 7 2021 Arceo Acor July 7 2021 Phivolcs observes more Taal Volcano phreatomagmatic activity on July 7 Rappler Archived from the original on July 7 2021 Retrieved July 7 2021 Rita Joviland July 8 2021 Another short lived phreatomagmatic eruption recorded in Taal GMA News Archived from the original on July 8 2021 Retrieved July 8 2021 a b Live Updates Taal Volcano unrest in 2021 Rappler July 9 2021 Archived from the original on July 9 2021 Retrieved July 9 2021 Arceo Acor July 23 2021 Phivolcs lowers Taal Volcano to Alert Level 2 Rappler Archived from the original on July 23 2021 Retrieved July 23 2021 Taal volcano Luzon Island Philippines two small explosions earlier today give warning of potentially stronger eruptions to come www volcanodiscovery com Archived from the original on November 19 2021 Retrieved November 19 2021 Taal Volcano emits 900 meter high steam plumes ABS CBN News January 29 2022 Archived from the original on January 29 2022 Retrieved January 30 2022 Taal Volcano Bulletin 30 January 2022 8 00 am Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology January 30 2022 Archived from the original on February 1 2022 Retrieved February 4 2022 ABS CBN News March 26 2022 Taal Volcano on Alert Level 3 indicating magmatic unrest news abs cbn com Archived from the original on March 26 2022 Retrieved March 26 2022 Live Updates Taal Volcano unrest in 2022 RAPPLER Retrieved March 28 2022 Phivolcs records 14 volcanic earthquakes at Taal Volcano CNN Philippines March 27 2022 Archived from the original on March 27 2022 Taal Volcano Bulletin 27 March 2022 8 00 am Phivolcs dost gov ph March 27 2022 Retrieved May 30 2022 Arayata Ma Cristina March 28 2022 No volcanic quake detected in Taal Volcano in past 24 hours Philippine News Agency PNA Retrieved March 29 2022 Taal Volcano Summary of 24Hr Observation 09 April 2022 5 00 AM www phivolcs dost gov ph Retrieved April 9 2022 a b c d NDRRMC Update Situational Report No 74 re Taal Volcano Phreatic Eruption ndrrmc gov ph National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council February 13 2020 Archived from the original on February 13 2020 Retrieved February 14 2020 Embudo Franz Lerwin January 13 2020 4 1 earthquake hits Batangas town near restive Taal The Manila Times Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Tremors jolt Batangas parts of Metro Manila ABS CBN News January 14 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Lalu Gabriel Pabico January 14 2020 More than 40 quakes hound areas reeling from Taal Volcano s eruption Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Lalu Gabriel Pabico January 14 2020 Magnitude 3 9 volcanic quake hits Talisay Batangas Intensity IV felt in Tagaytay Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Taal Volcano Bulletin 15 January 2020 8 00 a m DOST PHIVOLCS Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Cabico Gaea Katreena January 15 2020 Phivolcs Taal s main crater lake has been drained The Philippine Star Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Arceo Acor Taal sulfur dioxide volcanic earthquakes go down further Rappler Archived from the original on January 28 2020 Retrieved January 28 2020 1 dead 3 hurt in Laguna road crash amid Taal Volcano ashfall Rappler January 13 2020 Retrieved May 20 2023 Man found dead on Taal s Volcano Island Philippine Daily Inquirer February 15 2020 Retrieved May 20 2023 Stores run out of face masks as Taal Volcano ash spreads to Calabarzon Metro Manila Rappler January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Demand for N95 masks up after ashfall from Taal Volcano GMA News January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Cigaral Ian Nicolas January 13 2020 DTI orders crackdown on businesses raising face mask prices The Philippine Star Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Not even medical grade Trade department warns vs fake N95 masks ABS CBN News Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 DTI 12 Manila establishments charged with profiteering on N95 masks Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Isko wants explanation from firms which hiked prices of N95 masks amid ashfall GMA News January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Mercury Drug Corporation m facebook com January 13 2020 Archived from the original on March 1 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Mercury Drug replenishing face mask supply says to keep price unchanged ABS CBN News January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Unite Betheena Kae January 15 2020 DoH orders price freeze on medicines Tempo Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Gulla Vivienne January 14 2020 DOH orders price freeze on medical supplies in areas hit by Taal eruption ABS CBN News Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Stocks currency spot trading canceled Monday due to Taal eruption ABS CBN News January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Phil Stock Exchange January 12 2020 Please be advised that there will be no trading at PSE no clearing and settlement at the Securities Clearing Corporation of the Philippines today January 13 2020 to ensure the safety of employees and traders in light of the volcanic ash emission of Taal Volcano Twitter Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Farmers hit by Taal ashfall need aid not loans The Philippine Star January 14 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Cabuenas Jon Viktor January 14 2020 P577M worth of crops damaged by Taal Volcano eruption GMA News Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Agri damage from Taal eruption reaches Php3B da gov ph Department of Agriculture January 17 2020 Archived from the original on February 7 2020 Retrieved January 21 2020 Philippines Taal volcano residents turn ash and plastic waste into bricks Agence France Presse and Reuters January 18 2020 Archived from the original on January 18 2020 Retrieved January 19 2020 via Deutsche Welle Rivas Ralf January 13 2020 Globe Smart offer free calls internet for Taal Volcano eruption victims Rappler Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Dumlao Abadilla Doris Ayala mobilizes relief efforts amid Taal eruption Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 One Meralco Foundation offers free charging food packs to Taal Volcano victims Philippine Daily Inquirer January 14 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 PHLPost suspends mail service in towns near Taal volcano danger zone ABS CBN News January 16 2020 Archived from the original on January 16 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Mocon Ciriaco Claudeth January 13 2020 TAAL UPDATE DOH issues health reminders as ashfall envelops Luzon Claudeth Mocon Ciriaco BusinessMirror Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Merez Arianne January 14 2020 Don t eat fish from Taal Lake DOH says ABS CBN News Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Ash covered fruits veggies still safe to eat after washing DOH CNN Philippines January 15 2020 Archived from the original on January 16 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Fernandez Ariel January 13 2020 80 000 passengers affected by NAIA closure Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Arayata Maria Cristina January 13 2020 NAIA resumes partial ops as runway clearing continues Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 LIST Flight cancellations due to Taal Volcano eruption CNN Philippines January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 NAIA flights canceled due to Taal ash explosion Clark to be told to shut down too ABS CBN News January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Gonzales Cathrine January 13 2020 LIST Canceled Clark flights on Monday January 13 2020 Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Israel Dale January 14 2020 Cebu airport cancels 26 flights hosts 4 diverted intl flights due to Taal Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Atencio Peter January 14 2020 UAAP NCAA cancel games Manila Standard Archived from the original on February 5 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 NCAA volleyball Games called off due to Taal volcano effects Manila Bulletin January 13 2020 Archived from the original on February 4 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Tupas Cedelf January 14 2020 Ceres battles Shan in knockout first round Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Ganzon Ozaeta Tina January 13 2020 Batangas declares state of calamity due to Mayon Volcano eruption Rappler Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Philippines Taal Volcano Eruption As of 12 January 2020 reliefweb int UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs January 12 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Hernando Malipot Merlina January 16 2020 Charity group appeals for priority care for children Manila Bulletin Retrieved January 17 2020 permanent dead link Mateo Janvic January 16 2020 Schools near Taal to undergo inspection The Philippine Star Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Gotinga J C More than 24 000 people flee as Taal Volcano spews ash lava Rappler Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 WATCH Almost zero visibility in Tagaytay due to Taal unrest GMA News January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Bajo Anna Felicia January 13 2020 Over 7 000 evacuated in Calabarzon due to Taal activity NDRRMC GMA News Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Luna Franco January 13 2020 NDRRMC on red alert over Taal unrest The Philippine Star Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Esguerra Darryl John January 15 2020 Cavite now under state of calamity amid restive Taal Volcano Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Duterte declares state of calamity in Calabarzon due to Taal Volcano eruption GMA News February 27 2020 Archived from the original on February 27 2020 Retrieved February 27 2020 Duterte places Taal hit Calabarzon under state of calamity The Philippine Star February 27 2020 Archived from the original on February 27 2020 Retrieved February 27 2020 Duterte declares state of calamity in Calabarzon due to Taal Volcano unrest Rappler February 27 2020 Archived from the original on February 27 2020 Retrieved February 27 2020 Duterte declares state of calamity in Calabarzon due to Taal eruption ABS CBN News February 27 2020 Archived from the original on February 27 2020 Retrieved February 27 2020 Chavez Chito January 14 2020 DILG to locals execs in areas affected by Taal s eruption Be physically present Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on March 8 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Mallari Delfin T Jr Air Force Navy rescue units to help Taal volcano victims Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Dela Cruz Raymond January 13 2020 MMDA sends rescue team to Batangas for evacuation ops Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Parrocha Azer January 13 2020 Duterte had difficulty flying back to Manila due to Taal unrest Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Kabiling Genalyn January 14 2020 Duterte apologizes for late visit to Taal assures victims of gov t aid Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Valente Catherine S January 15 2020 Duterte declares Taal Volcano island no man s land The Manila Times Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Aguilar Krissy January 16 2020 Duterte wants more evacuation centers built before term ends Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Panti Llanesca January 14 2020 Robredo visits Batangas office gives aid to those affected by Taal eruption GMA News Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 14 2020 Duterte Robredo make separate visits to Taal evacuees CNN Philippines January 14 2020 Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Villanueva asks DOLE to issue labor advisory for workers following Taal eruption ash fall Senate of the Philippines January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Congress must provide health audits to the evacuees Imee in Filipino Senate of the Philippines January 16 2020 Archived from the original on January 18 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Alternative livelihood funding assistance for Taal affected farmers fisherfolk Pangilinan Office of Senator Kiko Pangilinan January 15 2020 Archived from the original on February 4 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Nancy to DOH DSWD Include masks in relief packages Senate of the Philippines January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Statement of Akbayan Senator Risa Hontiveros urging the provision of face masks and protective equipment to first responders and the vulnerable and sick Senate of the Philippines January 13 2020 Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Torregoza Hannah January 19 2020 Hontiveros calls for mental health support for families affected by Taal eruption Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on March 8 2020 Retrieved January 19 2020 More aid for Taal evacuees needed Revilla Senate of the Philippines January 16 2020 Archived from the original on January 18 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Ramos Christia Marie January 13 2020 Sotto wants cloud seeding in areas affected by Taal eruption ashfall Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 13 2020 Malasig Jenine January 14 2020 Why Filipinos did not welcome Tito Sotto s cloud seeding proposal to ashfall stricken areas InterAksyon Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Legaspi Amita January 16 2020 P10 B supplemental budget needed to aid Taal victims Gatchalian GMA News Archived from the original on January 18 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 House to help develop rehab plans for provinces hit by Taal eruption Philippine Daily Inquirer January 15 2020 Archived from the original on January 16 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Porcalla Delon January 15 2020 House to probe Phivolcs lack of warning on Taal The Philippine Star Archived from the original on January 17 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Santos Ana P January 15 2020 No man s land Philippines volcano displaced fear future Al Jazeera Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Grace Poe an independent senator on Tuesday reiterated her call for the creation of the Department of Disaster Resilience and Emergency Management which would streamline the different components of emergency response under one government body Poe urges immediate creation of Disaster Management Department Philippine Information Agency January 15 2020 Archived from the original on February 4 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Cervantes Filane Mikee January 16 2020 Rehab plan for Taal hit areas may cost P60 B solon Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on February 4 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Survivors of Pinatubo eruption send aid to victims of Taal eruption Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on January 13 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Tuquero Loreben Local governments outside Batangas give aid to Taal Volcano eruption victims Rappler Archived from the original on January 14 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 Reyes Estrope Carmela Orejas Tonette Visaya Villamor Jr More Luzon LGUs send donations to Taal volcano victims Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 16 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 In Photos Benguet farmers donate vegetables to Taal victims GMA News Archived from the original on January 16 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Gomez Eireene Jairee January 18 2020 Agri losses from Taal blasts reach P3 06B The Manila Times Archived from the original on January 28 2020 Retrieved January 19 2020 Cabrera Ferdinandh January 22 2020 BARMM sends help to Taal victims MindaNews Archived from the original on January 22 2020 Retrieved January 22 2020 San Juan Ratziel January 17 2020 Tala for Taal How you can dance to help Taal Volcano victims The Philippine Star Archived from the original on March 3 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Alegre Dianara January 15 2020 LOOK Popsters to hold Tala para sa Taal charity flash mob to help victims of Taal eruption GMA News Online Archived from the original on January 17 2020 Retrieved January 17 2020 Nazario Dhel January 28 2020 UP to open map data of Taal Volcano to the public Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on January 28 2020 Retrieved January 28 2020 Ager Maila October 21 2020 No budget yet for displaced Taal residents NHA chief Inquirer net Manila Philippines INQUIRER net Archived from the original on October 28 2020 Retrieved October 27 2020 Thousands evacuated in Laurel town mayor says as Taal spews ash ABS CBN July 2 2021 Archived from the original on July 2 2021 Retrieved June 2 2021 Mga residente sa barangay malapit sa Taal Volcano dinala sa mga evacuation center ABS CBN in Tagalog July 2 2021 Archived from the original on July 1 2021 Retrieved July 2 2021 Rita Joviland July 2 2021 Over 1 000 people evacuated in Batangas after Taal s explosion NDRRMC GMA News Archived from the original on July 2 2021 Retrieved July 2 2021 a b Ranada Pia July 2 2021 Taal situation Gov t readies food packs mobilizes for relief operations Rappler Retrieved July 2 2021 Arceo Acor March 26 2022 Phivolcs raises Taal Volcano to Alert Level 3 rappler com Rappler Archived from the original on March 26 2022 Retrieved March 26 2022 Taal Volcano Eruption Philippines Flash Update 1 26 Mar 2022 reliefweb int ReliefWeb March 26 2022 Archived from the original on March 27 2022 Retrieved March 27 2022 Mallari Jr Delfin T March 27 2022 Taal eruption forces 9 000 residents to evacuate INQUIRER net Archived from the original on March 27 2022 Retrieved March 27 2022 Esguerra Darryl John January 16 2020 Palace Amid Taal Volcano eruption PH won t ask for foreign help yet Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on January 16 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Dela Cruz Raymond Carl January 15 2020 PCG receives relief goods for Taal eruption victims Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Adel Rosette January 15 2020 USAID is helping Philippine government to monitor Taal eruption The Philippine Star Archived from the original on January 15 2020 Retrieved January 15 2020 S Korea pledges US 200 000 in aid to Filipino victims of volcanic eruption Yonhap News Agency January 16 2020 Archived from the original on April 14 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Chong Clara January 22 2020 Singapore Red Cross gives 67 000 to victims of Taal volcano launches public appeal for donations New Straits Times Archived from the original on January 19 2021 Retrieved January 22 2020 Gibbon Gavin January 22 2020 UAE joins in aid mission to help victims of Taal Volcano in the Philippines Arabian Business Archived from the original on October 6 2020 Retrieved January 22 2020 Sampayan Jacs January 16 2020 Comedian Dave Chappelle just donated PHP 1 million to the Taal rescue efforts ABS CBN News Archived from the original on January 16 2020 Retrieved January 16 2020 Neil Arwin Mercado January 31 2020 European Union donates P42M for Taal eruption victims Philippine Daily Inquirer Inquirer News Archived from the original on January 24 2021 Retrieved January 31 2020 EU donates P42 million to families hit by Taal Volcano eruption ABS CBN News January 31 2020 Archived from the original on January 24 2021 Retrieved January 31 2020 External links edit nbsp Media related to 2020 2022 Taal Volcano eruptions at Wikimedia Commons ReliefWeb s main page for this event Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2020 2022 Taal Volcano eruptions amp oldid 1203252722, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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