The 1998 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on May 11, 1998. In the presidential election, Vice PresidentJoseph Estrada won a six-year term as President by a landslide victory. In the vice-presidential race, SenatorGloria Macapagal Arroyo won a six-year term as Vice President, also by a landslide victory. This was the third election where both the president and vice president came from different parties.
The Lakas nominee is widely expected to face Vice President Joseph Estrada, who had been leading candidate in the various opinion polls. Estrada had earlier declared in 1992 that he will not run for president, stating that he intends to retire when he reaches the age of 60 in 1998,[1] but he later recanted this decision.
Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago, who considered herself to have been cheated out of the presidency by Ramos in 1992, was also expected to run again.
Former First Lady Imelda Marcos was also seen to run for the presidency. She was banking on the support of loyalists of deposed president Ferdinand Marcos.
Senator Raul Roco, who had a noteworthy Senate career up to this point, had the strong backing of the youth via his Aksyon Demokratiko party.
The Lakas convention nominated de Venecia, Ramos handpicked successor. This led to de Villa and Osmeña bolting from Lakas and setting up their own parties. De Venecia picked Arroyo as his running mate.
The 10th Congress canvassed the votes in joint session for a number of days before declaring Estrada and Arroyo as the winners; with Senate President Neptali Gonzales and Speaker De Venecia announcing the victors.
While the official canvassing did not start a fortnight after Election Day, the National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) held a parallel and unofficial quick count which was released days after the election and was updated at irregular intervals. NAMFREL based their tally from the seventh copy of the election returns given to them.
In theory, the totals for the official canvassing (derived from the certificates of canvass, which are then derived from the election returns) and the completed NAMFREL quick count should be equal.
De Venecia carried his home province of Pangasinan as well as Baguio, Roco carried his home province of Camarines Sur and the rest of the Bicol Region (excluding Masbate), and Osmeña got his foothold over his home province of Cebu and other provinces in the South.
Other candidates also carried their home provinces such as De Villa of Batangas and Siquijor, Enrile of Cagayan and Iloilo City, and Defensor Santiago of Iloilo Province, as well as Tawi-Tawi and Bacolod. Lim was the only major candidate who did not carry any provinces (with the exception of Batanes) and failed to capture his hometown of Manila.
*Difference from the NAMFREL quick count from the official congressional canvass.
Voter demographics
1998 Presidential vote by demographic subgroup
Demographic subgroup
Estrada
de Venecia
Roco
Osmeña
Other
% of total vote
Total vote
39
16
13
12
20
100
Region
NCR
33
11
28
4
24
9
CAR
47
24
12
0
17
5
Region I - Ilocos
33
61
2
0
4
6
Region II - Cagayan
44
13
4
1
38
5
Region III - Central Luzon
50
15
17
1
17
7
Region IV - Southern Tagalog
45
10
12
1
32
12
Region V - Bicol
14
8
75
0
3
5
Region VI - Western Visayas
40
12
3
9
36
9
Region VII - Central Visayas
20
12
5
52
11
7
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas
48
18
1
23
10
4
Region IX - Western Mindanao
39
19
4
20
18
6
Region X - Northern Mindanao
33
20
3
31
13
5
Region XI - Southern Mindanao
44
12
3
30
11
8
Region XII - Central Mindanao
52
18
3
15
12
6
ARMM
63
25
1
2
9
6
Source: Exit polls conducted by Social Weather Stations on May 12, 100% total (margin of error: 1.3%)[7]
For vice-president
Arroyo also carried most of the provinces including her home province of Pampanga. Other candidates also carried their home provinces such as Angara of Aurora and Quezon being mother province, Tatad of Catanduanes and Sueno of South Cotabato.
Only Orbos of Pangasinan and Osmeña of Cebu failed to capture the votes of their home provinces.
^Maragay, Fel V. (August 25, 1992). "Would'ya believe: Erap's not running in '98". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 3. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
^"ERAP'S LEAD STRENGTHENS AS LIM, OSMEÃ'A, JDV TIE FOR 2ND". SWS.org.ph. 1998-04-22.
^"ERAP LEADS LIM AND JDV BY 28-14; GLORIA HITS 47". SWS.org.ph. 1998-03-23.
^"ERAP'S LEAD UNCHANGED; GLORIA'S LEAD WIDENS". SWS.org.ph. 1998-03-05.
^Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos. Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific.
^ ab(PDF). NAMFREL.com.ph. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 30, 2021. Retrieved March 17, 2011.
^. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015.
External links
Official website of the Commission on Elections
Official website of the House of Representatives
May 07, 2023
1998, philippine, presidential, election, 1998, philippine, presidential, vice, presidential, elections, were, held, 1998, presidential, election, vice, president, joseph, estrada, year, term, president, landslide, victory, vice, presidential, race, senator, g. The 1998 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on May 11 1998 In the presidential election Vice President Joseph Estrada won a six year term as President by a landslide victory In the vice presidential race Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo won a six year term as Vice President also by a landslide victory This was the third election where both the president and vice president came from different parties 1998 Philippine presidential election 1992 May 11 1998 2004 Turnout86 5 11 0 Nominee Joseph Estrada Jose de Venecia Jr Raul RocoParty LAMMP Lakas AksyonRunning mate Edgardo Angara Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Irene SantiagoPopular vote 10 722 295 4 268 483 3 720 212Percentage 39 86 15 87 13 38 Nominee Lito Osmena Alfredo Lim Renato de VillaParty PROMDI Liberal RepormaRunning mate Ismael Sueno Serge Osmena Oscar OrbosPopular vote 3 347 631 2 344 362 1 308 352Percentage 12 44 8 71 4 86 Presidential election results per province President before electionFidel V RamosLakas Elected President Joseph EstradaLAMMP1998 Philippine vice presidential election 1992 May 11 1998 2004 Candidate Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Edgardo AngaraParty Lakas LAMMPPopular vote 12 667 252 5 652 068Percentage 49 56 22 11 Candidate Oscar Orbos Serge OsmenaParty Reporma LiberalPopular vote 3 321 779 2 351 462Percentage 13 00 9 20 Map showing the official results taken from provincial and city certificates of canvass The inset shows Metro Manila Vice President before electionJoseph EstradaLAMMP Elected Vice President Gloria Macapagal ArroyoLakas Contents 1 Background 2 Candidates 3 Opinion polling 3 1 For vice president 4 Results 4 1 For president 4 1 1 NAMFREL quick count 4 1 2 Voter demographics 4 2 For vice president 4 2 1 NAMFREL quick count 4 2 2 Voter demographics 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksBackground EditAt the tail end of the presidency of Fidel V Ramos several politicians have been jockeying for the nomination of his Lakas NUCD UMDP party This included Speaker Jose de Venecia Jr Defense Secretary Renato de Villa and Cebu Governor Lito Osmena The Lakas nominee is widely expected to face Vice President Joseph Estrada who had been leading candidate in the various opinion polls Estrada had earlier declared in 1992 that he will not run for president stating that he intends to retire when he reaches the age of 60 in 1998 1 but he later recanted this decision Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago who considered herself to have been cheated out of the presidency by Ramos in 1992 was also expected to run again Former First Lady Imelda Marcos was also seen to run for the presidency She was banking on the support of loyalists of deposed president Ferdinand Marcos Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo who had topped the 1995 Senate election was also seen to be a strong contender to the presidency founding the Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino party with Tito Sotto who himself topped the 1992 Senate election widely seen to be her vice presidential running mate Senator Raul Roco who had a noteworthy Senate career up to this point had the strong backing of the youth via his Aksyon Demokratiko party The Lakas convention nominated de Venecia Ramos handpicked successor This led to de Villa and Osmena bolting from Lakas and setting up their own parties De Venecia picked Arroyo as his running mate The Liberal Party nominated Manila mayor Alfredo Lim Meanwhile the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino LDP Nationalist People s Coalition NPC and Estrada s own Partido ng Masang Pilipino the forerunner of the Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino established an electoral pact and formed the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino Estrada chose Senator Edgardo Angara of the LDP as his running mate Weeks before election day Marcos withdrew from the election Estrada had widened his lead among other candidates at this point Candidates EditPresidential candidate Party Vice presidential candidate PartySpeaker Jose de Venecia Jr Lakas NUCD UMDP Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Lakas NUCD UMDPDefense Secretary Renato de Villa Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma Pangasinan Governor Oscar Orbos Partido para sa Demokratikong RepormaSenator Miriam Defensor Santiago People s Reform Party Senator Francisco Tatad People s Reform PartySantiago Dumlao Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago Reynaldo Pacheco Kilusan para sa Pambansang PagpapanibagoVice President Joseph Estrada Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino Senator Edgardo Angara Laban ng Makabayang Masang PilipinoManila Mayor Alfredo Lim Liberal Party Senator Serge Osmena Liberal PartyMTRCB Chairperson Manuel Morato Partido Bansang Marangal House Secretary General Camilo Sabio Partido Bansang MarangalCebu Governor Emilio Osmena Probinsya Muna Development Initiative South Cotabato Governor Ismael Sueno Probinsya Muna Development InitiativeSenator Juan Ponce Enrile Independent noneSenator Raul Roco Aksyon Demokratiko Irene Santiago Aksyon DemokratikoOpinion polling EditSocial Weather Stations was the primary pollster in the country in 1998 For vice president Edit Pollster Fieldwork date Sample size Margin of error Angara Macapagal Arroyo Orbos Osmena Pacheco Sabio Santiago Sueno Tatad UndecidedSWS Apr 8 16 2 1 500 3 16 45 8 14 0 1 0 3 0 9 3 2 9Mar 16 21 3 1 500 3 12 47 6 18 0 2 0 5 1 2 4 7Feb 21 27 4 1 500 3 13 44 5 14 0 1 0 2 2 2 2 10Results EditMain article Congressional canvass for the 1998 Philippine presidential election The 10th Congress canvassed the votes in joint session for a number of days before declaring Estrada and Arroyo as the winners with Senate President Neptali Gonzales and Speaker De Venecia announcing the victors While the official canvassing did not start a fortnight after Election Day the National Movement for Free Elections NAMFREL held a parallel and unofficial quick count which was released days after the election and was updated at irregular intervals NAMFREL based their tally from the seventh copy of the election returns given to them In theory the totals for the official canvassing derived from the certificates of canvass which are then derived from the election returns and the completed NAMFREL quick count should be equal For president Edit Estrada carried the majority of the provinces his hometown of San Juan City and Metro Manila De Venecia carried his home province of Pangasinan as well as Baguio Roco carried his home province of Camarines Sur and the rest of the Bicol Region excluding Masbate and Osmena got his foothold over his home province of Cebu and other provinces in the South Other candidates also carried their home provinces such as De Villa of Batangas and Siquijor Enrile of Cagayan and Iloilo City and Defensor Santiago of Iloilo Province as well as Tawi Tawi and Bacolod Lim was the only major candidate who did not carry any provinces with the exception of Batanes and failed to capture his hometown of Manila CandidatePartyVotes Joseph EstradaLaban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino10 722 29539 86Jose de Venecia Jr Lakas NUCD UMDP4 268 48315 87Raul RocoAksyon Demokratiko3 720 21213 83Lito OsmenaPROMDI3 347 63112 44Alfredo LimLiberal Party2 344 3628 71Renato de VillaPartido para sa Demokratikong Reporma Lapiang Manggagawa1 308 3524 86Miriam Defensor SantiagoPeople s Reform Party797 2062 96Juan Ponce EnrileIndependent343 1391 28Santiago DumlaoKilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago32 2120 12Manuel MoratoPartido Bansang Marangal18 6440 07Total26 902 536100 00Valid votes26 902 53691 86Invalid blank votes a 2 383 2398 14Total votes29 285 775100 00Registered voters turnout33 873 66586 46Source Nohlen Grotz Hartmann Hasall and Santos 5 Includes 232 714 votes for Imelda Marcos Kilusang Bagong Lipunan who withdrew after the ballots were printed Popular voteEstrada 39 86 De Venecia 15 87 Roco 13 83 Osmena 12 44 Lim 8 71 De Villa 4 86 Others 4 43 NAMFREL quick count Edit Take note that Manuel Morato had a higher number of votes in the NAMFREL quick count than in the official congressional canvass NAMFREL quick count result 79 25 of precincts 6 Candidate Party ResultsVotes Diff Joseph Estrada LAMMP 8 239 823 39 47 0 39 Jose de Venecia Lakas 3 247 067 15 55 0 32 Raul Roco Aksyon 2 923 842 14 00 0 17 Emilio Osmena Probinsya Muna Development Initiative 2 454 432 11 76 0 68 Alfredo Lim Liberal 1 815 664 8 70 0 01 Renato de Villa Reporma LM 1 028 854 4 93 0 07 Miriam Defensor Santiago PRP 584 633 2 80 0 16 Juan Ponce Enrile Independent 297 801 1 43 0 15 Imelda Marcos withdrew KBL 232 714 1 11 N ASantiago Dumlao Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago 29 327 0 14 0 02 Manuel Morato Partido Bansang Marangal 23 208 0 07 0 04 Votes 20 877 365 100 00 Difference from the NAMFREL quick count from the official congressional canvass Voter demographics Edit 1998 Presidential vote by demographic subgroupDemographic subgroup Estrada de Venecia Roco Osmena Other oftotal voteTotal vote 39 16 13 12 20 100RegionNCR 33 11 28 4 24 9CAR 47 24 12 0 17 5Region I Ilocos 33 61 2 0 4 6Region II Cagayan 44 13 4 1 38 5Region III Central Luzon 50 15 17 1 17 7Region IV Southern Tagalog 45 10 12 1 32 12Region V Bicol 14 8 75 0 3 5Region VI Western Visayas 40 12 3 9 36 9Region VII Central Visayas 20 12 5 52 11 7Region VIII Eastern Visayas 48 18 1 23 10 4Region IX Western Mindanao 39 19 4 20 18 6Region X Northern Mindanao 33 20 3 31 13 5Region XI Southern Mindanao 44 12 3 30 11 8Region XII Central Mindanao 52 18 3 15 12 6ARMM 63 25 1 2 9 6Source Exit polls conducted by Social Weather Stations on May 12 100 total margin of error 1 3 7 For vice president Edit Arroyo also carried most of the provinces including her home province of Pampanga Other candidates also carried their home provinces such as Angara of Aurora and Quezon being mother province Tatad of Catanduanes and Sueno of South Cotabato Only Orbos of Pangasinan and Osmena of Cebu failed to capture the votes of their home provinces CandidatePartyVotes Gloria Macapagal ArroyoLakas NUCD UMDP12 667 25249 56Edgardo AngaraLaban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino5 652 06822 11Oscar OrbosPartido para sa Demokratikong Reporma Lapiang Manggagawa3 321 77913 00Serge OsmenaLiberal Party2 351 4629 20Francisco TatadGrand Alliance for Democracy745 3892 92Ismael SuenoPROMDI537 6772 10Irene SantiagoAksyon Demokratiko240 2100 94Camilo SabioPartido Bansang Marangal22 0100 09Reynaldo PachecoKilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago21 4220 08Total25 559 269100 00Valid votes25 559 26987 28Invalid blank votes3 726 50612 72Total votes29 285 775100 00Registered voters turnout33 873 66586 46Popular voteArroyo 49 56 Angara 22 11 Orbos 13 00 Osmena 9 20 Others 6 13 NAMFREL quick count Edit Take note that Reynaldo Pacheco had a higher number of votes in the NAMFREL quick count than the official Congressional canvass NAMFREL quick count result 79 25 of precincts 6 Candidate Party ResultsVotes Diff Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Lakas 9 624 397 48 85 0 71 Edgardo Angara LDP 4 380 991 22 24 0 13Oscar Orbos Reporma LM 2 651 184 13 46 0 46Sergio Osmena III Liberal 1 183 998 9 21 0 01Francisco Tatad PRP Gabay Bayan 582 548 2 96 0 05Ismael Sueno Probinsya Muna Development Initiative 409 966 2 08 0 02Irene Santiago Aksyon 196 386 1 00 0 07Reynaldo Pacheco Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago 23 107 0 12 0 04Camilo Sabio Partido Bansang Marangal 19 555 0 10 0 01Votes 19 702 132 100 00 Difference from the NAMFREL quick count from the official Congressional canvass Voter demographics Edit 1998 Presidential vote by demographic subgroupDemographic subgroup Arroyo Angara Orbos Osmena Other oftotal voteTotal vote 50 21 12 10 7 100RegionNCR 32 21 33 12 2 9CAR 60 19 17 3 1 5Region I Ilocos 53 15 30 1 1 6Region II Cagayan 62 26 10 2 0 5Region III Central Luzon 66 16 11 6 1 7Region IV Southern Tagalog 45 29 17 7 2 12Region V Bicol 48 14 4 5 29 5Region VI Western Visayas 46 28 4 15 7 9Region VII Central Visayas 45 17 2 25 11 7Region VIII Eastern Visayas 67 18 1 13 1 4Region IX Western Mindanao 59 18 5 15 3 6Region X Northern Mindanao 58 21 3 16 2 5Region XI Southern Mindanao 50 20 5 13 12 8Region XII Central Mindanao 56 21 3 9 11 6ARMM 58 30 6 4 2 6Source Exit polls conducted by Social Weather Stations on May 12 100 total margin of error 1 4 8 See also EditCommission on Elections Politics of the Philippines Philippine elections President of the Philippines 11th Congress of the PhilippinesNotes EditReferences Edit Maragay Fel V August 25 1992 Would ya believe Erap s not running in 98 Manila Standard Kamahalan Publishing Corp p 3 Retrieved October 16 2021 ERAP S LEAD STRENGTHENS AS LIM OSMEA A JDV TIE FOR 2ND SWS org ph 1998 04 22 ERAP LEADS LIM AND JDV BY 28 14 GLORIA HITS 47 SWS org ph 1998 03 23 ERAP S LEAD UNCHANGED GLORIA S LEAD WIDENS SWS org ph 1998 03 05 Dieter Nohlen Florian Grotz Christof Hartmann Graham Hassall Soliman M Santos Elections in Asia and the Pacific A Data Handbook Volume II South East Asia East Asia and the South Pacific a b Report on the Philippine General Elections 1998 PDF NAMFREL com ph Archived from the original PDF on November 30 2021 Retrieved March 17 2011 COMPARING SWS EXIT POLL RESULTS WITH NAMFREL COUNT BY REGION Archived from the original on March 4 2016 VICE PRESIDENTIAL VOTES FOR THE MAY 11 1998 ELECTIONS SWS Day of Election Exit Poll Archived from the original on September 24 2015 External links EditThe Philippine Presidency Project Official website of the Commission on Elections Official website of the House of Representatives Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1998 Philippine presidential election amp oldid 1147490270, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
