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Chervyen

March 12, 2023

Chervyen or Cherven (Belarusian: Чэрвень, [ˈtʂɛrvʲenʲ]; Russian: Червень; Polish: Czerwień; Lithuanian: Červenė), previously known as Ihumen (Ігумен) until 1923, is a town in Minsk Region, Belarus. It is the administrative center of Chervyen District. As of 2016, it had a population of 9,718.[1]

Chervyen
Чэрвень (Belarusian)
Червень (Russian)
Town
St. Nicholas' Church
Flag
Coat of arms
Chervyen
Location of Chervyen in Belarus
Coordinates: 53°42′28″N 28°25′56″E / 53.70778°N 28.43222°E / 53.70778; 28.43222Coordinates: 53°42′28″N 28°25′56″E / 53.70778°N 28.43222°E / 53.70778; 28.43222
CountryBelarus
RegionMinsk Region
DistrictChervyen District
Founded1387
Elevation
160 m (520 ft)
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total9,718
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
223232
Area code+375 1714
License plate5
WebsiteOfficial website
Town's central park

History

On February 1, 1942 the German forces and local policemen surrounded the Cherven ghetto. At the same time, other Jews living outside the ghetto walls, such as in the local hospital, were gathered together. They were ordered to undress to their undergarments and lie on the ground, where they were shot dead. Witnesses put the number of victims at between 1,500-1,750 people. The murder operation was carried out by the Einsatzkommando 8 unit of Einsatzgruppe B, with the help of local policeman.[2]

On 25–27 June 1941, the Soviet NKVD carried out a mass execution of political prisoners from Minsk in the nearby Tsagelnya forest.[3] Wooden statue Mourning Angel, by sculptor Gennady Matusevich, was erected at the location.[4] Commemorative events are held there every year in June.[5][6][7]

Geography

Located 66 km east of Minsk and 45 km west of Berezino, Chervyen lies on a plain in the middle of its raion. It is crossed to the north by the M4 highway Minsk-Mogilev. The national road P59 links it with the town of Smalyavichy (50 km north) and the Minsk National Airport (65 km north).[8]

Notable people

  • Vladimir Isaacovich Fundator (1903-86), metallurgist who invented the technology which made possible the aluminum diesel engine for the T-34 tank, thus facilitating the rapid advance of the Red Army in World War 2; recipient USSR Council of Ministers Prize.[9][10][11]
  • Leivik Halpern (1888-1962), Yiddish poet and literary editor who under the pen name H Leivik wrote The Golem, among other works.[12]
  • David Nisnevich (1893-1963), composer of Russian and Yiddish folk songs.[13]
  • Lieutenant Semion Gurevich (1915-1984), distinguished himself by leading a Red Army attack across the Dnieper River in September 1943, for which he received the title Hero of the Soviet Union.[14]
  • Professor David Movshevitch Golub (1901-2001), distinguished anatomist and embryologist; Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; recipient Red Banner of Labour.[15]
  • Professor Feival Movshevitch Golub, brother of David, headed the Department of Surgical Diseases, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan; recipient Honorary Scientist of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic.[16]
  • Vladimir Adomovich Korol (1912-1980), architect involved in the plans to rebuild Minsk after the destruction of World War 2; received Order of Lenin.[17][18]
  • Oleg Novitskiy (b. 1971), Russian cosmonaut.[19]
  • Valery Shary (b. 1947), Olympic light-heavyweight weightlifting champion.[20]

Gallery

  •  

    Old buildings

  •  

    High school

  •  

    Holy Cross Church

References

  1. ^ a b (in Russian) 2016 census of Belarus 2017-07-30 at the Wayback Machine (Belstat)
  2. ^ Info at the Yad Vashem website
  3. ^ [1] June 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ . Nn.by. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
  5. ^ Info on charter97.com 2007-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Info on belarus.net
  7. ^ Info on svoboda.org
  8. ^ 6722634 (x a j h) Chervyen on OpenStreetMap
  9. ^ "ФУНДАТОР Владимир Исаакович — Российская Еврейская Энциклопедия". rujen.ru. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  10. ^ "Вклад литейщиков в создание танка Т-34, Н.В. Волох". www.foundrymag.ru. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  11. ^ "Newsletters - Tools - Belarus SIG - JewishGen.org". www.jewishgen.org. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  12. ^ Fogel, Joshua (2017-04-04). "Yiddish Leksikon: H. LEIVICK". Yiddish Leksikon. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  13. ^ "YIVO | Songs and Songwriters". yivoencyclopedia.org. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  14. ^ "Semion Gurevich | www.yadvashem.org". semion-gurevich.html. from the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  15. ^ "In memory of the scientist :: GOLUB David Movshevich". nasb.gov.by. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  16. ^ Education, SamMI. "Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1". www.sammi.uz. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  17. ^ "CodeJam-Culture-Portal". culture-portal-arch.netlify.app. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  18. ^ "Vladimir Adamovich Korol". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  19. ^ "Центр подготовки космонавтов им. Ю.А.Гагарина. Официальный Web-сайт". www.gctc.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  20. ^ "Olympedia – Valery Shary". www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 2021-05-29.

Further reading

  • Lipińska G., Jeśli zapomnę o nich..., 1990
  • Stankiewicz-Januszczak, J., Marsz śmierci – ewakuacja więźniów z Mińska do Czerwieni 24–27 czerwca 1941 r., Volumen (1999) (Polish)
  • Stankiewicz-Januszczak J., Dziś mówię ludziom, co mówiłam Bogu..., ISBN 83-914184-9-9 (Polish)
  • Petruitis J., Kaip jie mus sušaudė, Kaunas, 1942, 1990 (Lith.)
  • Tumas J. Kelias į Červenę, Vilnius, 1990 (Lith.)

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chervyen.
  • Chervyen official website
  • Photos on Radzima.org
  • The murder of the Jews of Chervyen’ during World War II, at the Yad Vashem website
  • Chervyen, Belarus at JewishGen

March 12, 2023
chervyen, cherven, belarusian, Чэрвень, ˈtʂɛrvʲenʲ, russian, Червень, polish, czerwień, lithuanian, Červenė, previously, known, ihumen, Ігумен, until, 1923, town, minsk, region, belarus, administrative, center, district, 2016, population, Чэрвень, belarusian, . Chervyen or Cherven Belarusian Cherven ˈtʂɛrvʲenʲ Russian Cherven Polish Czerwien Lithuanian Cervene previously known as Ihumen Igumen until 1923 is a town in Minsk Region Belarus It is the administrative center of Chervyen District As of 2016 it had a population of 9 718 1 Chervyen Cherven Belarusian Cherven Russian TownSt Nicholas ChurchFlagCoat of armsChervyenLocation of Chervyen in BelarusCoordinates 53 42 28 N 28 25 56 E 53 70778 N 28 43222 E 53 70778 28 43222 Coordinates 53 42 28 N 28 25 56 E 53 70778 N 28 43222 E 53 70778 28 43222CountryBelarusRegionMinsk RegionDistrictChervyen DistrictFounded1387Elevation160 m 520 ft Population 2016 1 Total9 718Time zoneUTC 2 EET Summer DST UTC 3 EEST Postal code223232Area code 375 1714License plate5WebsiteOfficial websiteTown s central park Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Notable people 4 Gallery 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksHistory EditOn February 1 1942 the German forces and local policemen surrounded the Cherven ghetto At the same time other Jews living outside the ghetto walls such as in the local hospital were gathered together They were ordered to undress to their undergarments and lie on the ground where they were shot dead Witnesses put the number of victims at between 1 500 1 750 people The murder operation was carried out by the Einsatzkommando 8 unit of Einsatzgruppe B with the help of local policeman 2 On 25 27 June 1941 the Soviet NKVD carried out a mass execution of political prisoners from Minsk in the nearby Tsagelnya forest 3 Wooden statue Mourning Angel by sculptor Gennady Matusevich was erected at the location 4 Commemorative events are held there every year in June 5 6 7 Geography EditLocated 66 km east of Minsk and 45 km west of Berezino Chervyen lies on a plain in the middle of its raion It is crossed to the north by the M4 highway Minsk Mogilev The national road P59 links it with the town of Smalyavichy 50 km north and the Minsk National Airport 65 km north 8 Notable people EditVladimir Isaacovich Fundator 1903 86 metallurgist who invented the technology which made possible the aluminum diesel engine for the T 34 tank thus facilitating the rapid advance of the Red Army in World War 2 recipient USSR Council of Ministers Prize 9 10 11 Leivik Halpern 1888 1962 Yiddish poet and literary editor who under the pen name H Leivik wrote The Golem among other works 12 David Nisnevich 1893 1963 composer of Russian and Yiddish folk songs 13 Lieutenant Semion Gurevich 1915 1984 distinguished himself by leading a Red Army attack across the Dnieper River in September 1943 for which he received the title Hero of the Soviet Union 14 Professor David Movshevitch Golub 1901 2001 distinguished anatomist and embryologist Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus recipient Red Banner of Labour 15 Professor Feival Movshevitch Golub brother of David headed the Department of Surgical Diseases Samarkand State Medical Institute Uzbekistan recipient Honorary Scientist of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic 16 Vladimir Adomovich Korol 1912 1980 architect involved in the plans to rebuild Minsk after the destruction of World War 2 received Order of Lenin 17 18 Oleg Novitskiy b 1971 Russian cosmonaut 19 Valery Shary b 1947 Olympic light heavyweight weightlifting champion 20 Gallery Edit Old buildings High school Holy Cross ChurchReferences Edit a b in Russian 2016 census of Belarus Archived 2017 07 30 at the Wayback Machine Belstat Info at the Yad Vashem website 1 Archived June 30 2007 at the Wayback Machine Yak adzin mastak belarusizavay cely gorad Nasha Niva pershaya belaruskaya gazeta Nn by Archived from the original on May 22 2011 Retrieved February 9 2011 Info on charter97 com Archived 2007 09 30 at the Wayback Machine Info on belarus net Info on svoboda org 6722634 x a j h Chervyen on OpenStreetMap FUNDATOR Vladimir Isaakovich Rossijskaya Evrejskaya Enciklopediya rujen ru Retrieved 2021 05 29 Vklad litejshikov v sozdanie tanka T 34 N V Voloh www foundrymag ru Retrieved 2021 05 29 Newsletters Tools Belarus SIG JewishGen org www jewishgen org Retrieved 2021 05 29 Fogel Joshua 2017 04 04 Yiddish Leksikon H LEIVICK Yiddish Leksikon Retrieved 2021 05 29 YIVO Songs and Songwriters yivoencyclopedia org Retrieved 2021 05 29 Semion Gurevich www yadvashem org semion gurevich html Archived from the original on 2020 09 27 Retrieved 2021 05 29 In memory of the scientist GOLUB David Movshevich nasb gov by Retrieved 2021 05 29 Education SamMI Department of Surgical Diseases No 1 www sammi uz Retrieved 2021 05 29 CodeJam Culture Portal culture portal arch netlify app Retrieved 2021 05 29 Vladimir Adamovich Korol TheFreeDictionary com Retrieved 2021 05 29 Centr podgotovki kosmonavtov im Yu A Gagarina Oficialnyj Web sajt www gctc ru in Russian Retrieved 2021 05 29 Olympedia Valery Shary www olympedia org Retrieved 2021 05 29 Further reading EditLipinska G Jesli zapomne o nich 1990 Stankiewicz Januszczak J Marsz smierci ewakuacja wiezniow z Minska do Czerwieni 24 27 czerwca 1941 r Volumen 1999 Polish Stankiewicz Januszczak J Dzis mowie ludziom co mowilam Bogu ISBN 83 914184 9 9 Polish Petruitis J Kaip jie mus susaude Kaunas 1942 1990 Lith Tumas J Kelias į Cervene Vilnius 1990 Lith External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chervyen Chervyen official website History of the town Photos on Radzima org Local prison and statues The murder of the Jews of Chervyen during World War II at the Yad Vashem website Chervyen Belarus at JewishGen Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chervyen amp oldid 1142598066, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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