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Naval brigade

March 04, 2023

A naval brigade is a body of sailors serving in a ground combat role to augment land forces.

The British Naval Brigade and Royal Marines storm the stockade at Shimonoseki in September 1864. Illustrated London News, 24 December 1864.

Australia

Prior to the Federation of Australia, several of the Australian colonies had their own Naval Brigades with New South Wales also having a separate Naval Artillery Volunteers who manned coast artillery.[1] These units took part in the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion in China.

Germany

During the German Revolution of 1918–19, mutineering sailors of the Imperial German Navy formed the Volksmarinedivision, the best-trained and organised force available to the revolutionary socialists. They defeated regular army troops and battled the right-wing Freikorps over the direction of postwar Germany.

Russia

Main article: Naval Infantry (Russia)
 
Soviet sailors at Port Arthur, 1945

During the October Revolution and Russian Civil War, Bolshevik sailors were involved in storming the Winter Palace. When the Nazis invaded Russia, sailors were diverted from the battleships to aid in the defence of Leningrad and Sevastopol. Throughout the war, Russian naval infantry distinguished themselves in land combat, and eventually earned special forces status.

United Kingdom

Within the Royal Navy, a naval brigade is a large temporary detachment of Royal Marines and of seamen from the Royal Navy formed to undertake operations on shore, particularly during the mid- to late-19th century. Seamen were specifically trained in land-based warfare at the gunnery school at HMS Excellent in Portsmouth.

The Royal Navy fought only one ship-to-ship action (HMS Shah and Amethyst against the Peruvian ship Huascar in 1877) between 1850 and 1914, so, for much of that period, its only active service was on shore, through naval brigades formed from the men aboard its vessels. Naval brigades were used in engagements including:

 
Naval brigade guns and gunners at the siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855), during the Crimean War

The field gun competition commemorates the participation of a naval brigade in the relief of Ladysmith during the Boer War, when 12-pounder guns from HMS Terrible and Powerful were dragged across almost 200 mi (320 km) of rough terrain from Durban in October 1899.

A Royal Naval Division—later designated the 63rd (Royal Naval) Division—was formed in the First World War to make use of surplus reserves of the Royal Navy who were not required at sea. It included two naval brigades and a brigade of Royal Marines, and fought in the defence of Antwerp in 1914, the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915, and the Battle of the Somme in 1916. Few naval personnel remained in the Division by July 1916, and it was redesignated as the 63rd Division. The division was demobilised in April 1919.

United States

During the siege of Veracruz of 1847 in the Mexican–American War, a naval contingent of 1200 men joined the landing force.

During the American Civil War, both sides employed naval brigades at the siege of Petersburg. The Confederate naval brigade was commanded by Captain John R. Tucker. It was attached to George Washington Custis Lee's Division, under Lieutenant General Richard Ewell's Richmond Defense Forces. During the retreat to Appomattox, the brigade was captured at the Battle of Sayler's Creek on 6 April 1865. s. The Union naval brigade was under the Army of the James under Major General Benjamin Butler. It was commanded by Brigadier General Charles K. Graham and was not assigned to either of the two corps of the army.

During the war on terror in Iraq and Afghanistan, individual augmentees from the United States Navy served in the Army to make up for a shortfall of army personnel.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ p. 1075Official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia No. 2 – 1909

References

  • Information Sheet No. 31, naval brigades, from the Royal Naval Museum
  • Roster of Black Soldiers in the Appomattox Campaign
  • Sailors of Confederacy Played Big Part in Noted Land Battles, 1936 article from the Richmond Times Dispatch
  • Story of the siege of Petersburg from 1864 to 1865, from USGENNET.

External links

  • Landing Party Manual, United States Navy (1950)

March 04, 2023
naval, brigade, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, april, 2014. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Naval brigade news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message A naval brigade is a body of sailors serving in a ground combat role to augment land forces The British Naval Brigade and Royal Marines storm the stockade at Shimonoseki in September 1864 Illustrated London News 24 December 1864 Contents 1 Australia 2 Germany 3 Russia 4 United Kingdom 5 United States 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksAustralia EditPrior to the Federation of Australia several of the Australian colonies had their own Naval Brigades with New South Wales also having a separate Naval Artillery Volunteers who manned coast artillery 1 These units took part in the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion in China Germany EditDuring the German Revolution of 1918 19 mutineering sailors of the Imperial German Navy formed the Volksmarinedivision the best trained and organised force available to the revolutionary socialists They defeated regular army troops and battled the right wing Freikorps over the direction of postwar Germany Russia EditMain article Naval Infantry Russia Soviet sailors at Port Arthur 1945 During the October Revolution and Russian Civil War Bolshevik sailors were involved in storming the Winter Palace When the Nazis invaded Russia sailors were diverted from the battleships to aid in the defence of Leningrad and Sevastopol Throughout the war Russian naval infantry distinguished themselves in land combat and eventually earned special forces status United Kingdom EditWithin the Royal Navy a naval brigade is a large temporary detachment of Royal Marines and of seamen from the Royal Navy formed to undertake operations on shore particularly during the mid to late 19th century Seamen were specifically trained in land based warfare at the gunnery school at HMS Excellent in Portsmouth The Royal Navy fought only one ship to ship action HMS Shah and Amethyst against the Peruvian ship Huascar in 1877 between 1850 and 1914 so for much of that period its only active service was on shore through naval brigades formed from the men aboard its vessels Naval brigades were used in engagements including the Battle of Bunker Hill 1774 the Invasion of Ile de France 1810 the Burma Wars 1824 85 the Crimean War 1854 6 the Second Opium War 1856 60 the Indian Mutiny 1857 9 the New Zealand Wars 1860 4 the Bombardment of Kagoshima and the Battle of Shimonoseki 1863 64 the Abyssinian expedition 1867 8 the Second Ashanti War 1873 4 the Zulu War 1879 the Transvaal War 1881 the 1882 Anglo Egyptian War the Anglo Sudanese War 1884 5 the Benin Expedition of 1897 the Boer War 1899 1900 the Boxer Rebellion in China 1900 Naval brigade guns and gunners at the siege of Sevastopol 1854 1855 during the Crimean War The field gun competition commemorates the participation of a naval brigade in the relief of Ladysmith during the Boer War when 12 pounder guns from HMS Terrible and Powerful were dragged across almost 200 mi 320 km of rough terrain from Durban in October 1899 A Royal Naval Division later designated the 63rd Royal Naval Division was formed in the First World War to make use of surplus reserves of the Royal Navy who were not required at sea It included two naval brigades and a brigade of Royal Marines and fought in the defence of Antwerp in 1914 the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915 and the Battle of the Somme in 1916 Few naval personnel remained in the Division by July 1916 and it was redesignated as the 63rd Division The division was demobilised in April 1919 United States EditDuring the siege of Veracruz of 1847 in the Mexican American War a naval contingent of 1200 men joined the landing force During the American Civil War both sides employed naval brigades at the siege of Petersburg The Confederate naval brigade was commanded by Captain John R Tucker It was attached to George Washington Custis Lee s Division under Lieutenant General Richard Ewell s Richmond Defense Forces During the retreat to Appomattox the brigade was captured at the Battle of Sayler s Creek on 6 April 1865 s The Union naval brigade was under the Army of the James under Major General Benjamin Butler It was commanded by Brigadier General Charles K Graham and was not assigned to either of the two corps of the army During the war on terror in Iraq and Afghanistan individual augmentees from the United States Navy served in the Army to make up for a shortfall of army personnel See also Edit63rd Royal Naval Division Marines Pearl s Naval Brigade Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force a combined army and naval infantry force established in the early days of World War INotes Edit p 1075Official Year Book of the Commonwealth of Australia No 2 1909References EditInformation Sheet No 31 naval brigades from the Royal Naval Museum Roster of Black Soldiers in the Appomattox Campaign Sailors of Confederacy Played Big Part in Noted Land Battles 1936 article from the Richmond Times Dispatch Story of the siege of Petersburg from 1864 to 1865 from USGENNET External links EditLanding Party Manual United States Navy 1950 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Naval brigade amp oldid 1142567058, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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