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The Illustrated London News

The Illustrated London News appeared first on Saturday 14 May 1842, as the world's first illustrated weekly news magazine.[1] Founded by Herbert Ingram, it appeared weekly until 1971, then less frequently thereafter, and ceased publication in 2003. The company continues today as Illustrated London News Ltd, a publishing, content, and digital agency in London, which holds the publication and business archives of the magazine.

The Illustrated London News
Front-page of the first edition (1842)
TypeWeekly (1842–1971)
Monthly (1971–1989)
Quarterly (1989–1994)
Twice-yearly (1994–2003)
FormatBroadsheet news magazine
Owner(s)Illustrated London News Group
Founded1842 (1842)
Political alignmentConservative
Ceased publication2003 (2003)
HeadquartersLondon, England
Websitewww.iln.co.uk

History

1842–1860: Herbert Ingram

 
Front cover of 1 October 1892 issue, showing a scene from Sydney Grundy and Arthur Sullivan's Haddon Hall created by M. Browne and Herbert Railton

The Illustrated London News founder Herbert Ingram was born in Boston, Lincolnshire, in 1811, and opened a printing, newsagent, and bookselling business in Nottingham around 1834 in partnership with his brother-in-law, Nathaniel Cooke.[2] As a newsagent, Ingram was struck by the reliable increase in newspaper sales when they featured pictures and shocking stories. Ingram began to plan a weekly newspaper that would contain pictures in every edition.[3]

Ingram rented an office, recruited artists and reporters, and employed as his editor Frederick William Naylor Bayley (1808–1853), formerly editor of the National Omnibus. The first issue of The Illustrated London News appeared on Saturday, 14 May 1842, timed to report on the young Queen Victoria's first masquerade ball.[4] Its 16 pages and 32 wood engravings covered topics such as the war in Afghanistan, the Versailles rail accident, a survey of the candidates for the US presidential election, extensive crime reports, theatre and book reviews, and a list of births, marriages, and deaths. Ingram hired 200 men to carry placards through the streets of London promoting the first edition of his new newspaper.[5]

 
Jumbo's Journey to the Docks (The Illustrated London News, 1 April 1882)

Costing sixpence, the first issue sold 26,000 copies. Despite this initial success, sales of the second and subsequent editions were disappointing. However, Ingram was determined to make his newspaper a success, and sent every clergyman in the country a copy of the edition that contained illustrations of the installation of the Archbishop of Canterbury, and by this means secured a great many new subscribers.

Its circulation soon increased to 40,000, and by the end of its first year was 60,000. In 1851, after the newspaper published Joseph Paxton's designs for the Crystal Palace before even Prince Albert had seen them, the circulation rose to 130,000. In 1852, when it produced a special edition covering the funeral of the Duke of Wellington, sales increased to 150,000; and in 1855, mainly due to the newspaper reproducing some of Roger Fenton's pioneering photographs of the Crimean War (and also due to the abolition of the Stamp Act that taxed newspapers), it sold 200,000 copies per week.[5]

Competitors soon began to appear; Lloyd’s Illustrated Paper was founded later that year, while Reynold's Newspaper opened in 1850; both were successful Victorian publications, albeit less successful than The Illustrated London News.[6] Andrew Spottiswoode's Pictorial Times lost £20,000 before it was sold to Ingram by Henry Vizetelly, who had left the ILN to found it.[7] Ingram folded it into another purchase, The Lady's Newspaper, which became The Lady's Newspaper and Pictorial Times. Vizetelly was also behind a later competitor, Illustrated Times in 1855, which was similarly bought out by Ingram in 1859.[citation needed]

Ingram's other early collaborators left the business in the 1850s. Nathanial Cooke, his business partner and brother-in-law, found himself in a subordinate role in the business and parted on bad terms around 1854. The departure of William Little was in 1858; in addition to providing a loan of £10,000, he was the printer and publisher of the paper for 15 years. Little's relationship with Ingram deteriorated over Ingram's harassment of their mutual sister-in-law.[2]

Herbert Ingram died on 8 September 1860 in a paddle-steamer accident on Lake Michigan, and he was succeeded as proprietor by his youngest son, William Ingram, who in turn was succeeded by his son, Sir Bruce Ingram (1877–1963) in 1900, who remained as editor until his death.

1860–1900: William and Charles Ingram

By 1863, The Illustrated London News was selling more than 300,000 copies every week, enormous figures in comparison to other British newspapers of the time. The death of Herbert and his eldest son left the company without a director and manager. Control passed to Ingram's widow Ann, and his friend Sir Edward William Watkin, who managed the business for 12 years. Once Ingram's two younger sons, William and Charles, were old enough, they took over as managing directors, although William took the lead.[2]

This was also a period of expansion and increased competition for the ILN. As reading habits and the illustrated news market changed, the ILN bought or established a number of new publications, evolving from a single newspaper to a larger-scale publishing business. As with Herbert Ingram's purchases in the 1850s, this expansion was also an effective way of managing competition – dominating markets and buying out competing ventures. As with the acquisitions of the 1850s, several similar illustrated publications were established in this period by former employees of The Illustrated London News.

Serious competition for the ILN appeared in 1869, with the establishment of The Graphic, a weekly illustrated paper founded by W. L. Thomas. Thomas was a former wood engraver for The Illustrated London News, and brought his expertise in illustrated publishing to his new magazine. The Graphic was highly popular, particularly for its coverage of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, and was well regarded among artists; Vincent van Gogh was a particular admirer.[8]

William Ingram became chief proprietor of The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News (est. 1874), and The Lady's Pictorial, which may have been a later title of The Lady's Newspaper and Pictorial Times.[4]The Penny Illustrated Paper, aimed at a working-class readership, was established by the news company shortly after Ingram's death in 1861 in response to the abolition of stamp and paper taxes, which made cheaper publications possible. The Penny Illustrated Paper ran until 1913.[9]

In 1893, the ILN established The Sketch, a sister publication that covered lighter news and society events with the same focus on illustration. From this point, the name of the company changed to the Illustrated London News and Sketch Ltd.

In 1899, ILN editor Clement Shorter left the paper to found his own publication, The Sphere, which published its first issue on 27 January 1900. Ingram and The Illustrated London News responded by establishing a competing magazine, The Spear, which appeared two days before The Sphere on 25 January 1900. The name was deliberately chosen to confuse and siphon off readers, and advertisements for The Sphere emphasised the difference between the magazines: "S-P-H-E-R-E… you may be offered something else you don't want"[10][11] While editor of the ILN, Clement Shorter had been instrumental in the establishment and publication of The Sketch. In 1903, he established The Tatler as a similar sister publication for The Sphere, with a similar focus on illustrated culture and society news. With the departure of Shorter, the role of editor of the ILN was taken over by Bruce Ingram, the 23-year-old grandson of the paper's founder.

1900–1963: Bruce Ingram

 
Cover of 20 February 1915 issue

Bruce Ingram was editor of The Illustrated London News and (from 1905) The Sketch, and ran the company for the next 63 years, presiding over some significant changes in the newspaper and the publishing business as a whole.

Photographic and printing techniques were advancing in the later years of the 19th century, and The Illustrated London News began to introduce photos and artwork into its depictions of weekly events. From about 1890, The Illustrated London News made increasing use of photography. The tradition of graphic illustrations continued, however, until the end of World War I. Often, rough sketches of distant events with handwritten explanations were supplied by observers and then worked on by artists in London to produce polished end products for publication. This was particularly the case where popular subjects such as colonial or foreign military campaigns did not lend themselves to clear illustration using the limited camera technology of the period. By the 1920s and 1930s, the pictures that dominated each issue of the magazine were almost exclusively photographic,[12] although artists might still be used to illustrate in pictorial form topics such as budgetary expenditure or the layout of coal mines.[13]

In 1928, a major business merger had Illustrated London News move to new headquarters at Inveresk House, 1 Aldwych, (also known as 364 Strand), London, where The Illustrated London News and The Sketch were united with six of their former competitors under the parent company, Illustrated News Ltd. As eight of the largest titles in illustrated news, these were newly dubbed the 'Great Eight' publications. The Illustrated London News, the flagship publication, was supported by sister publications The Sketch, The Sphere, The Tatler, The Graphic, The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, The Bystander, and Eve.[14] With the exception of The Tatler, these publications remained as part of Illustrated News Ltd. until their closure at various times in the 20th century.

The centenary of The Illustrated London News in 1942 was muted due to wartime conditions, including restrictions on the use of paper. The occasion was marked in the paper with a set of specially commissioned colour photographs of the royal family, including the future Queen Elizabeth.[15] By the time of his death in 1963, Ingram was a major figure in the newspaper industry, and the longest-standing editor of his day.

1963–present

In the postwar period, print publications were gradually displaced from their central position in reporting news events, and circulation began to fall for all the illustrated weeklies. Many of the Great Eight publications were closed down after the Second World War; The Sketch, The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, and The Sphere all ceased publication in these years.

In 1961, Illustrated Newspapers Ltd was bought by International Thomson, headed by Roy Thomson, a Canadian newspaper mogul. The Sphere ceased publication in 1964, while The Tatler was sold in 1968 (it was later to be revived and relaunched in 1977). With circulation figures continuing to fall, The Illustrated London News switched from weekly to monthly publication in 1971, with a new focus on in-depth reporting and selective coverage of world events. This strategy continued into the late 1980s, when the paper reduced its frequency to four issues a year.

In 1985, The Illustrated London News and the archives of the Great Eight publications were sold to Sea Containers, an international transport corporation headed by James Sherwood. Along with the Illustrated London News Group, Sea Containers operated the Orient Express and Great North-Eastern Railways, and a range of luxury hotels. As part of this activity, Illustrated London News Group launched a luxury travel and lifestyle magazine, Orient Express.

In 1994, publication of The Illustrated London News was reduced further to two issues a year, and the publishing activity of the Illustrated London News Group focused increasingly on the Orient Express magazine. After publishing its last Christmas number in 2001, The Illustrated London News was relaunched in 2003 under the editorship of Mark Palmer, which ran for one issue before finally ceasing publication for good.

The Illustrated London News Group underwent a management buy-out in 2007, and was re-established as Illustrated London News Ltd. From 2007, it has continued its activity as an independent content and creative agency. In 2007, the former Orient Express magazine was relaunched as Sphere, a luxury lifestyle and travel magazine. In addition to its independent publications, Illustrated London News Ltd now acts as a content agency for various other luxury and heritage organisations.

Illustrated London News Ltd also manages and curates the newspaper and business archive of The Illustrated London News and the Great Eight publications, publishing short books and magazines of historical content from the Great Eight publication archives. In 2010, Gale digitised the entire back catalogue of The Illustrated London News (1842–2003), and in 2014 began digitalizing the remaining seven publications in the Great Eight.[16][17] To mark the centenary of the First World War in July 2014, ILN Ltd launched illustratedfirstworldwar.com, a free historical resource funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund. The entire run of the Great Eight publications between 1914 and 1918 is available on this site.[18]

The company operates at 46–48 East Smithfield Street.

Collaborators

 
Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar on the front page of The Illustrated London News during his last visit to Britain

The first generation of draughtsmen and engravers included Sir John Gilbert, Birket Foster, and George Cruikshank among the former, and W. J. Linton, Ebenezer Landells, and George Thomas among the latter. Regular literary contributors included Douglas Jerrold, Richard Garnett, and Shirley Brooks.

Illustrators, artists, and photographers included Edward Duncan, Bruce Bairnsfather, H. M. Bateman, Edmund Blampied, Mabel Lucie Attwell, E. H. Shepherd, Kate Greenaway, John Proctor, W. Heath Robinson and his brother Charles Robinson, Rebecca Solomon, George E. Studdy, David Wright, Melton Prior, William Simpson, Frederic Villiers, H. C. Seppings-Wright, Myles Birket Foster, Frank Reynolds, Lawson Wood, C. E. Turner, R. Caton Woodville Jr, A. Forestier, Fortunino Matania, Christina Broom, Louis Wain, J. Segrelles, and Frank Vizetelly.

Writers and journalists included Robert Louis Stevenson, Thomas Hardy, George Augustus Sala, J. M. Barrie, Wilkie Collins, Rudyard Kipling, G. K. Chesterton, Joseph Conrad, Camilla Dufour Crosland,[19] Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Sir Charles Petrie, Agatha Christie,[20] Arthur Bryant, and Tim Beaumont (who wrote about food).[21]

Chief editors

Note: sources are contradictory in some cases. An alternative listing for the period 1842–59 is 1842–46: F. W. N. Bayley; 1846–52: John Timbs; 1852–59: Charles Mackay[24][25]

Archive

The archives of The Illustrated London News, The Sketch, The Sphere, The Tatler, The Bystander, The Graphic, The Illustrated War News, The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, and Britannia and Eve are owned by Illustrated London News (ILN) Limited.[26] ILN Ltd also holds company records of the Illustrated London News, Illustrated Newspapers Ltd and the Illustrated London News Group.

In 2010, the entire back catalogue of The Illustrated London News was digitised, and is available online by subscription.[27] The entire run of The Illustrated London News between 1914 and 1919 is available for free online.[28]TheGenealogist has a full collection online available from 1842 to 1879 and a number of issues from 1890.[29] The original woodblocks of the first issue are held by the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.[30]

In fiction

In Jules Verne's Around the World in Eighty Days, The Illustrated London News is referenced as reporting extensively on Phileas Fogg's travel around the world. The paper is mentioned as publishing Fogg's portrait, based on a photo obtained from the Reform Club of which Fogg was a member.

See also

References

  1. ^ "The History of Magazines". Magazines.com. from the original on 27 August 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  2. ^ a b c Isabel Bailey, "Ingram, Herbert (1811–1860)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 17 September 2014]
  3. ^ Hibbert 1975, p. 11
  4. ^ a b James Bishop, "The Story of the ILN", Illustrated London News 150th anniversary issue, Vol. 280, No. 7106.
  5. ^ a b Hibbert 1975, pp. 11–13
  6. ^ "Ed King, British Library Newspapers Topic Guide". from the original on 18 September 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  7. ^ Williamson, C. N. (1890). "The Illustrated London News and Its Rivals – Lloyd's Illustrated London Newspaper, The Pictorial Times, and The Illustrated Times". Magazine of Art. victorianweb.org. II (Illustrated Journalism in England: Its Development): 334–40. from the original on 7 August 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  8. ^ Mark Bills, "Thomas, William Luson (1830–1900)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.
  9. ^ Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld), 17 March 1900.
  10. ^ Harrington, Peter (2000). "Pictorial Journalism and the Boer War: the London Illustrated Weeklies". In Gooch, John (ed.). The Boer War: Direction, Experience and Image. Military History and Policy. Vol. 7. Routledge (published 3 November 2000). p. 231. ISBN 978-0714651019.
  11. ^ "The Sydney Mail – Google News Archive Search".
  12. ^ "The Death of King George V." special issue 13 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine, from 25 January 1936.
  13. ^ The Illustrated London News – Marching to War 1933–1939, ISBN 1-85170-265-2
  14. ^ The Illustrated London News, issue 6, October 1928.
  15. ^ The Illustrated London News centenary issue, 16 May 1942.
  16. ^ "First colour newspaper pictures" (PDF). from around the country. Your Family History. Dennis Publishing. June 2010. p. 7. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
  17. ^ "Illustrated London News Historical Archive, 1842-2003". Gale. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
  18. ^ ILN. "About The Illustrated First World War – Illustrated London News". from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  19. ^ Blain, Virginia; Clements, Patricia; Grundy, Isobel, eds. (1990). The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present. London: B. T. Batsford. pp. 251. ISBN 978-0713458480.
  20. ^ ILN Picture Library 23 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  21. ^ Roth, Andrew (11 April 2008). "Obituary: Lord Beaumont of Whitley". The Guardian. from the original on 2 September 2013. Retrieved 4 June 2009.
  22. ^ a b c d e f Graham Law (2001), Victorian Fiction Research Guide 29 7 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine, The University of Queensland.
  23. ^ Peter Biddlecombe, "As much of life that the world can show". 16 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ a b c d e f "Magazine Data Page 202". Magazine Issues. Galactic Central Publications. from the original on 6 April 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
  25. ^ See also Illustrated London News, 13 May 1967.
  26. ^ Kiss, Jemima (15 April 2010). "Illustrated London News archive goes online". The Guardian. from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
  27. ^ http://www.cengage.com/search/productOverview.do?Ntt=Illustrated+London+News[permanent dead link]
  28. ^ ILN. "Illustrated First World War, WW1 Facts, WW1 Soldiers & Women - Illustrated London News". from the original on 20 September 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  29. ^ "The Genealogist: Search Census, Births, Marriages, Deaths, Parish Records, Non-Conformist Records, Directories, Military Records, Wills & more!". from the original on 25 January 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
  30. ^ . Tailpiece, advertising 'The Illustrated London News'- V&A Search the Collections. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2018.

Further reading

  • Hibbert, Christopher (1975). The Illustrated London News' Social History of Victorian Britain. Angus & Robertson. ISBN 0-207-95657-X.
  • Law, Graham. . Victorian Fiction Research Guides 29, Victorian Fiction Research Unit, Department of English, University of Queensland, 2001.
  • Sinnema, Peter. Dynamics of the Pictured Page: Representing the Nation in The Illustrated London News. Aldershot: Ashgate. 1998.

External links

  • Illustrated London News
  • The Illustrated London News & Winston Churchill – UK Parliament Living Heritage
  • The Illustrated London News & the First Life Peers – UK Parliament Living Heritage
  • The Illustrated London News picture archive (retrieved November 2022)
  • Guide to the Leaf from Illustrated London News 1865 May 6
  • Hathi Trust. Illustrated London News, fulltext
  • – lecture to the Japan Society by Terry Bennett in 2003
  • John Weedy's Collection of Illustrated London News Collector of Illustrated London News for more than 40 years

illustrated, london, news, appeared, first, saturday, 1842, world, first, illustrated, weekly, news, magazine, founded, herbert, ingram, appeared, weekly, until, 1971, then, less, frequently, thereafter, ceased, publication, 2003, company, continues, today, il. The Illustrated London News appeared first on Saturday 14 May 1842 as the world s first illustrated weekly news magazine 1 Founded by Herbert Ingram it appeared weekly until 1971 then less frequently thereafter and ceased publication in 2003 The company continues today as Illustrated London News Ltd a publishing content and digital agency in London which holds the publication and business archives of the magazine The Illustrated London NewsFront page of the first edition 1842 TypeWeekly 1842 1971 Monthly 1971 1989 Quarterly 1989 1994 Twice yearly 1994 2003 FormatBroadsheet news magazineOwner s Illustrated London News GroupFounded1842 1842 Political alignmentConservativeCeased publication2003 2003 HeadquartersLondon EnglandWebsitewww wbr iln wbr co wbr uk Contents 1 History 1 1 1842 1860 Herbert Ingram 1 2 1860 1900 William and Charles Ingram 1 3 1900 1963 Bruce Ingram 1 4 1963 present 2 Collaborators 3 Chief editors 4 Archive 5 In fiction 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksHistory Edit1842 1860 Herbert Ingram Edit Front cover of 1 October 1892 issue showing a scene from Sydney Grundy and Arthur Sullivan s Haddon Hall created by M Browne and Herbert Railton The Illustrated London News founder Herbert Ingram was born in Boston Lincolnshire in 1811 and opened a printing newsagent and bookselling business in Nottingham around 1834 in partnership with his brother in law Nathaniel Cooke 2 As a newsagent Ingram was struck by the reliable increase in newspaper sales when they featured pictures and shocking stories Ingram began to plan a weekly newspaper that would contain pictures in every edition 3 Ingram rented an office recruited artists and reporters and employed as his editor Frederick William Naylor Bayley 1808 1853 formerly editor of the National Omnibus The first issue of The Illustrated London News appeared on Saturday 14 May 1842 timed to report on the young Queen Victoria s first masquerade ball 4 Its 16 pages and 32 wood engravings covered topics such as the war in Afghanistan the Versailles rail accident a survey of the candidates for the US presidential election extensive crime reports theatre and book reviews and a list of births marriages and deaths Ingram hired 200 men to carry placards through the streets of London promoting the first edition of his new newspaper 5 Jumbo s Journey to the Docks The Illustrated London News 1 April 1882 Costing sixpence the first issue sold 26 000 copies Despite this initial success sales of the second and subsequent editions were disappointing However Ingram was determined to make his newspaper a success and sent every clergyman in the country a copy of the edition that contained illustrations of the installation of the Archbishop of Canterbury and by this means secured a great many new subscribers Its circulation soon increased to 40 000 and by the end of its first year was 60 000 In 1851 after the newspaper published Joseph Paxton s designs for the Crystal Palace before even Prince Albert had seen them the circulation rose to 130 000 In 1852 when it produced a special edition covering the funeral of the Duke of Wellington sales increased to 150 000 and in 1855 mainly due to the newspaper reproducing some of Roger Fenton s pioneering photographs of the Crimean War and also due to the abolition of the Stamp Act that taxed newspapers it sold 200 000 copies per week 5 Competitors soon began to appear Lloyd s Illustrated Paper was founded later that year while Reynold s Newspaper opened in 1850 both were successful Victorian publications albeit less successful than The Illustrated London News 6 Andrew Spottiswoode s Pictorial Times lost 20 000 before it was sold to Ingram by Henry Vizetelly who had left the ILN to found it 7 Ingram folded it into another purchase The Lady s Newspaper which became The Lady s Newspaper and Pictorial Times Vizetelly was also behind a later competitor Illustrated Times in 1855 which was similarly bought out by Ingram in 1859 citation needed Ingram s other early collaborators left the business in the 1850s Nathanial Cooke his business partner and brother in law found himself in a subordinate role in the business and parted on bad terms around 1854 The departure of William Little was in 1858 in addition to providing a loan of 10 000 he was the printer and publisher of the paper for 15 years Little s relationship with Ingram deteriorated over Ingram s harassment of their mutual sister in law 2 Herbert Ingram died on 8 September 1860 in a paddle steamer accident on Lake Michigan and he was succeeded as proprietor by his youngest son William Ingram who in turn was succeeded by his son Sir Bruce Ingram 1877 1963 in 1900 who remained as editor until his death 1860 1900 William and Charles Ingram Edit By 1863 The Illustrated London News was selling more than 300 000 copies every week enormous figures in comparison to other British newspapers of the time The death of Herbert and his eldest son left the company without a director and manager Control passed to Ingram s widow Ann and his friend Sir Edward William Watkin who managed the business for 12 years Once Ingram s two younger sons William and Charles were old enough they took over as managing directors although William took the lead 2 This was also a period of expansion and increased competition for the ILN As reading habits and the illustrated news market changed the ILN bought or established a number of new publications evolving from a single newspaper to a larger scale publishing business As with Herbert Ingram s purchases in the 1850s this expansion was also an effective way of managing competition dominating markets and buying out competing ventures As with the acquisitions of the 1850s several similar illustrated publications were established in this period by former employees of The Illustrated London News Serious competition for the ILN appeared in 1869 with the establishment of The Graphic a weekly illustrated paper founded by W L Thomas Thomas was a former wood engraver for The Illustrated London News and brought his expertise in illustrated publishing to his new magazine The Graphic was highly popular particularly for its coverage of the Franco Prussian War in 1870 and was well regarded among artists Vincent van Gogh was a particular admirer 8 William Ingram became chief proprietor of The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News est 1874 and The Lady s Pictorial which may have been a later title of The Lady s Newspaper and Pictorial Times 4 The Penny Illustrated Paper aimed at a working class readership was established by the news company shortly after Ingram s death in 1861 in response to the abolition of stamp and paper taxes which made cheaper publications possible The Penny Illustrated Paper ran until 1913 9 In 1893 the ILN established The Sketch a sister publication that covered lighter news and society events with the same focus on illustration From this point the name of the company changed to the Illustrated London News and Sketch Ltd In 1899 ILN editor Clement Shorter left the paper to found his own publication The Sphere which published its first issue on 27 January 1900 Ingram and The Illustrated London News responded by establishing a competing magazine The Spear which appeared two days before The Sphere on 25 January 1900 The name was deliberately chosen to confuse and siphon off readers and advertisements for The Sphere emphasised the difference between the magazines S P H E R E you may be offered something else you don t want 10 11 While editor of the ILN Clement Shorter had been instrumental in the establishment and publication of The Sketch In 1903 he established The Tatler as a similar sister publication for The Sphere with a similar focus on illustrated culture and society news With the departure of Shorter the role of editor of the ILN was taken over by Bruce Ingram the 23 year old grandson of the paper s founder 1900 1963 Bruce Ingram Edit Cover of 20 February 1915 issue Bruce Ingram was editor of The Illustrated London News and from 1905 The Sketch and ran the company for the next 63 years presiding over some significant changes in the newspaper and the publishing business as a whole Photographic and printing techniques were advancing in the later years of the 19th century and The Illustrated London News began to introduce photos and artwork into its depictions of weekly events From about 1890 The Illustrated London News made increasing use of photography The tradition of graphic illustrations continued however until the end of World War I Often rough sketches of distant events with handwritten explanations were supplied by observers and then worked on by artists in London to produce polished end products for publication This was particularly the case where popular subjects such as colonial or foreign military campaigns did not lend themselves to clear illustration using the limited camera technology of the period By the 1920s and 1930s the pictures that dominated each issue of the magazine were almost exclusively photographic 12 although artists might still be used to illustrate in pictorial form topics such as budgetary expenditure or the layout of coal mines 13 In 1928 a major business merger had Illustrated London News move to new headquarters at Inveresk House 1 Aldwych also known as 364 Strand London where The Illustrated London News and The Sketch were united with six of their former competitors under the parent company Illustrated News Ltd As eight of the largest titles in illustrated news these were newly dubbed the Great Eight publications The Illustrated London News the flagship publication was supported by sister publications The Sketch The Sphere The Tatler The Graphic The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News The Bystander and Eve 14 With the exception of The Tatler these publications remained as part of Illustrated News Ltd until their closure at various times in the 20th century The centenary of The Illustrated London News in 1942 was muted due to wartime conditions including restrictions on the use of paper The occasion was marked in the paper with a set of specially commissioned colour photographs of the royal family including the future Queen Elizabeth 15 By the time of his death in 1963 Ingram was a major figure in the newspaper industry and the longest standing editor of his day 1963 present Edit In the postwar period print publications were gradually displaced from their central position in reporting news events and circulation began to fall for all the illustrated weeklies Many of the Great Eight publications were closed down after the Second World War The Sketch The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News and The Sphere all ceased publication in these years In 1961 Illustrated Newspapers Ltd was bought by International Thomson headed by Roy Thomson a Canadian newspaper mogul The Sphere ceased publication in 1964 while The Tatler was sold in 1968 it was later to be revived and relaunched in 1977 With circulation figures continuing to fall The Illustrated London News switched from weekly to monthly publication in 1971 with a new focus on in depth reporting and selective coverage of world events This strategy continued into the late 1980s when the paper reduced its frequency to four issues a year In 1985 The Illustrated London News and the archives of the Great Eight publications were sold to Sea Containers an international transport corporation headed by James Sherwood Along with the Illustrated London News Group Sea Containers operated the Orient Express and Great North Eastern Railways and a range of luxury hotels As part of this activity Illustrated London News Group launched a luxury travel and lifestyle magazine Orient Express In 1994 publication of The Illustrated London News was reduced further to two issues a year and the publishing activity of the Illustrated London News Group focused increasingly on the Orient Express magazine After publishing its last Christmas number in 2001 The Illustrated London News was relaunched in 2003 under the editorship of Mark Palmer which ran for one issue before finally ceasing publication for good The Illustrated London News Group underwent a management buy out in 2007 and was re established as Illustrated London News Ltd From 2007 it has continued its activity as an independent content and creative agency In 2007 the former Orient Express magazine was relaunched as Sphere a luxury lifestyle and travel magazine In addition to its independent publications Illustrated London News Ltd now acts as a content agency for various other luxury and heritage organisations Illustrated London News Ltd also manages and curates the newspaper and business archive of The Illustrated London News and the Great Eight publications publishing short books and magazines of historical content from the Great Eight publication archives In 2010 Gale digitised the entire back catalogue of The Illustrated London News 1842 2003 and in 2014 began digitalizing the remaining seven publications in the Great Eight 16 17 To mark the centenary of the First World War in July 2014 ILN Ltd launched illustratedfirstworldwar com a free historical resource funded by the Heritage Lottery Fund The entire run of the Great Eight publications between 1914 and 1918 is available on this site 18 The company operates at 46 48 East Smithfield Street Collaborators Edit Nasser al Din Shah Qajar on the front page of The Illustrated London News during his last visit to Britain The first generation of draughtsmen and engravers included Sir John Gilbert Birket Foster and George Cruikshank among the former and W J Linton Ebenezer Landells and George Thomas among the latter Regular literary contributors included Douglas Jerrold Richard Garnett and Shirley Brooks Illustrators artists and photographers included Edward Duncan Bruce Bairnsfather H M Bateman Edmund Blampied Mabel Lucie Attwell E H Shepherd Kate Greenaway John Proctor W Heath Robinson and his brother Charles Robinson Rebecca Solomon George E Studdy David Wright Melton Prior William Simpson Frederic Villiers H C Seppings Wright Myles Birket Foster Frank Reynolds Lawson Wood C E Turner R Caton Woodville Jr A Forestier Fortunino Matania Christina Broom Louis Wain J Segrelles and Frank Vizetelly Writers and journalists included Robert Louis Stevenson Thomas Hardy George Augustus Sala J M Barrie Wilkie Collins Rudyard Kipling G K Chesterton Joseph Conrad Camilla Dufour Crosland 19 Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Charles Petrie Agatha Christie 20 Arthur Bryant and Tim Beaumont who wrote about food 21 Chief editors Edit1842 1848 Frederick William Naylor Bayley 22 assistant John Timbs 23 1848 1859 Charles Mackay 22 1860 1862 William J Stewart 22 1863 1890 John Lash Latey 22 1891 1900 Clement King Shorter 22 1900 1963 Sir Bruce Ingram 22 1963 1965 Hugh Ingram 24 1965 1970 Timothy Green 24 1967 1970 John Kisch 24 1970 1994 James Bishop 24 1995 2003 Mark Palmer 24 Note sources are contradictory in some cases An alternative listing for the period 1842 59 is 1842 46 F W N Bayley 1846 52 John Timbs 1852 59 Charles Mackay 24 25 Archive EditThe archives of The Illustrated London News The Sketch The Sphere The Tatler The Bystander The Graphic The Illustrated War News The Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News and Britannia and Eve are owned by Illustrated London News ILN Limited 26 ILN Ltd also holds company records of the Illustrated London News Illustrated Newspapers Ltd and the Illustrated London News Group In 2010 the entire back catalogue of The Illustrated London News was digitised and is available online by subscription 27 The entire run of The Illustrated London News between 1914 and 1919 is available for free online 28 TheGenealogist has a full collection online available from 1842 to 1879 and a number of issues from 1890 29 The original woodblocks of the first issue are held by the Victoria and Albert Museum London 30 In fiction EditIn Jules Verne s Around the World in Eighty Days The Illustrated London News is referenced as reporting extensively on Phileas Fogg s travel around the world The paper is mentioned as publishing Fogg s portrait based on a photo obtained from the Reform Club of which Fogg was a member See also EditFrederick MarriottReferences Edit The History of Magazines Magazines com Archived from the original on 27 August 2016 Retrieved 16 September 2016 a b c Isabel Bailey Ingram Herbert 1811 1860 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 accessed 17 September 2014 Hibbert 1975 p 11 a b James Bishop The Story of the ILN Illustrated London News 150th anniversary issue Vol 280 No 7106 a b Hibbert 1975 pp 11 13 Ed King British Library Newspapers Topic Guide Archived from the original on 18 September 2014 Retrieved 17 September 2014 Williamson C N 1890 The Illustrated London News and Its Rivals Lloyd s Illustrated London Newspaper The Pictorial Times and The Illustrated Times Magazine of Art victorianweb org II Illustrated Journalism in England Its Development 334 40 Archived from the original on 7 August 2013 Retrieved 2 September 2013 Mark Bills Thomas William Luson 1830 1900 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press 2004 Morning Bulletin Rockhampton Qld 17 March 1900 Harrington Peter 2000 Pictorial Journalism and the Boer War the London Illustrated Weeklies In Gooch John ed The Boer War Direction Experience and Image Military History and Policy Vol 7 Routledge published 3 November 2000 p 231 ISBN 978 0714651019 The Sydney Mail Google News Archive Search The Death of King George V special issue Archived 13 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine from 25 January 1936 The Illustrated London News Marching to War 1933 1939 ISBN 1 85170 265 2 The Illustrated London News issue 6 October 1928 The Illustrated London News centenary issue 16 May 1942 First colour newspaper pictures PDF from around the country Your Family History Dennis Publishing June 2010 p 7 Retrieved 19 August 2022 Illustrated London News Historical Archive 1842 2003 Gale Retrieved 19 August 2022 ILN About The Illustrated First World War Illustrated London News Archived from the original on 22 September 2014 Retrieved 17 September 2014 Blain Virginia Clements Patricia Grundy Isobel eds 1990 The Feminist Companion to Literature in English Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present London B T Batsford pp 251 ISBN 978 0713458480 ILN Picture Library Archived 23 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine Roth Andrew 11 April 2008 Obituary Lord Beaumont of Whitley The Guardian Archived from the original on 2 September 2013 Retrieved 4 June 2009 a b c d e f Graham Law 2001 Victorian Fiction Research Guide 29 Archived 7 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine The University of Queensland Peter Biddlecombe As much of life that the world can show Archived 16 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine a b c d e f Magazine Data Page 202 Magazine Issues Galactic Central Publications Archived from the original on 6 April 2013 Retrieved 3 June 2013 See also Illustrated London News 13 May 1967 Kiss Jemima 15 April 2010 Illustrated London News archive goes online The Guardian Archived from the original on 10 May 2017 Retrieved 4 March 2014 http www cengage com search productOverview do Ntt Illustrated London News permanent dead link ILN Illustrated First World War WW1 Facts WW1 Soldiers amp Women Illustrated London News Archived from the original on 20 September 2014 Retrieved 17 September 2014 The Genealogist Search Census Births Marriages Deaths Parish Records Non Conformist Records Directories Military Records Wills amp more Archived from the original on 25 January 2014 Retrieved 9 January 2014 Wood block for the first number of The Illustrated London News Tailpiece advertising The Illustrated London News V amp A Search the Collections Archived from the original on 9 October 2016 Retrieved 20 July 2018 Further reading EditHibbert Christopher 1975 The Illustrated London News Social History of Victorian Britain Angus amp Robertson ISBN 0 207 95657 X Law Graham Indexes to Fiction inThe Illustrated London News 1842 1901 and theGraphic 1869 1901 Victorian Fiction Research Guides 29 Victorian Fiction Research Unit Department of English University of Queensland 2001 Sinnema Peter Dynamics of the Pictured Page Representing the Nation in The Illustrated London News Aldershot Ashgate 1998 External links Edit Wikisource has original text related to this article Illustrated London News Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Illustrated London News Illustrated London News The Illustrated London News amp Winston Churchill UK Parliament Living Heritage The Illustrated London News amp the First Life Peers UK Parliament Living Heritage The Illustrated London News picture archive retrieved November 2022 Guide to the Leaf from Illustrated London News 1865 May 6 Hathi Trust Illustrated London News fulltext Japan and The Illustrated London News lecture to the Japan Society by Terry Bennett in 2003 John Weedy s Collection of Illustrated London News Collector of Illustrated London News for more than 40 years Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The Illustrated London News amp oldid 1135931123, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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