Sodium hydrosulfide is the chemical compound with the formula NaSH. This compound is the product of the half-neutralization of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). NaSH and sodium sulfide are used industrially, often for similar purposes. Solid NaSH is colorless. The solid has an odor of H2S owing to hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture. In contrast with sodium sulfide (Na2S), which is insoluble in organic solvents, NaSH, being a 1:1 electrolyte, is more soluble.
Crystalline NaHS undergoes two phase transitions. At temperatures above 360 K, NaSH adopts the NaCl structure, which implies that the HS− behaves as a spherical anion owing to its rapid rotation, leading to equal occupancy of eight equivalent positions. Below 360 K, a rhombohedral structure forms, and the HS− sweeps out a discoidal shape. Below 114 K, the structure becomes monoclinic. The analogous rubidium and potassium compounds behave similarly.[1]
NaSH has a relatively low melting point of 350 °C. In addition to the aforementioned anhydrous forms, it can be obtained as two different hydrates, NaSH·2H2O and NaSH·3H2O. These three species are all colorless and behave similarly, but not identically. It can be used to precipitate other metal hydrosulfides, by treatment of aqueous solutions of their salts with sodium hydrosulfide. It is analogous to sodium hydroxide, and is a strong base.
An alternative method involves reaction of sodium with hydrogen sulfide.[3]
Applicationsedit
Thousands of tons of NaSH are produced annually. Its main uses are in cloth and paper manufacture as a makeup chemical for sulfur used in the kraft process, as a flotation agent in copper mining where it is used to activate oxide mineral species, and in the leather industry for the removal of hair from hides.[4]
Referencesedit
^Haarmann, F.; Jacobs, H.; Roessler, E.; Senker, J. (2002). "Dynamics of anions and cations in hydrogensulfides of alkali metals (NaHS, KHS, RbHS): A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study". J. Chem. Phys.117 (3): 1269–1276. Bibcode:2002JChPh.117.1269H. doi:10.1063/1.1483860.
^Eibeck, R. I. (1963). "Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 7. pp. 128–31. doi:10.1002/9780470132388.ch35. ISBN9780470132388.
^Pavlik, Jeffrey W.; Noll, Bruce C.; Oliver, Allen G.; Schulz, Charles E.; Scheidt, W. Robert (2010). "Hydrosulfide (HS−) Coordination in Iron Porphyrinates". Inorganic Chemistry. 49 (3): 1017–1026. doi:10.1021/ic901853p. PMC2811220. PMID 20038134.
^Butts, David; Bush, David R.; Updated By Staff (2013). "Sodium Sulfates and Sulfides". Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.1915040902212020.a01.pub3. ISBN978-0471238966.
April 16, 2024
sodium, hydrosulfide, confused, with, sodium, hydrosulfite, chemical, compound, with, formula, nash, this, compound, product, half, neutralization, hydrogen, sulfide, with, sodium, hydroxide, naoh, nash, sodium, sulfide, used, industrially, often, similar, pur. Not to be confused with sodium hydrosulfite Sodium hydrosulfide is the chemical compound with the formula NaSH This compound is the product of the half neutralization of hydrogen sulfide H2S with sodium hydroxide NaOH NaSH and sodium sulfide are used industrially often for similar purposes Solid NaSH is colorless The solid has an odor of H2S owing to hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture In contrast with sodium sulfide Na2S which is insoluble in organic solvents NaSH being a 1 1 electrolyte is more soluble Sodium hydrosulfide NamesIUPAC name Sodium hydrosulfideOther names Sodium bisulfideSodium sulfhydrateSodium hydrogen sulfideIdentifiersCAS Number 16721 80 5 Y207683 19 0 hydrate N3D model JSmol Interactive imageChEMBL ChEMBL1644699 NChemSpider 26058 YECHA InfoCard 100 037 056EC Number 240 778 0IUPHAR BPS 6278PubChem CID 28015RTECS number WE1900000UNII FWU2KQ177W YUN number 2922 2318CompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID3029738InChI InChI 1S Na H2S h 1H2 q 1 p 1 YKey HYHCSLBZRBJJCH UHFFFAOYSA M YInChI 1 Na H2S h 1H2 q 1 p 1Key HYHCSLBZRBJJCH REWHXWOFAVSMILES Na SH PropertiesChemical formula NaSHMolar mass 56 063 g molAppearance off white solid deliquescentDensity 1 79 g cm3Melting point 350 1 C 662 2 F 623 2 K anhydrous 55 C dihydrate 22 C trihydrate Solubility in water 50 g 100 mL 22 C Solubility Soluble in alcohol etherStructureCrystal structure rhombohedralHazardsOccupational safety and health OHS OSH Main hazards Flammable solid stench reacts with acids to release hydrogen sulfideGHS labelling PictogramsSignal word DangerHazard statements H226 H251 H290 H301 H314 H400Precautionary statements P210 P233 P234 P235 P410 P240 P241 P242 P243 P260 P264 P270 P273 P280 P301 P310 P301 P330 P331 P303 P361 P353 P304 P340 P305 P351 P338 P310 P321 P330 P363 P370 P378 P390 P391 P403 P235 P404 P405 P407 P413 P420 P501NFPA 704 fire diamond 32Flash point 90 C 194 F 363 K Safety data sheet SDS TDC MSDSRelated compoundsOther anions Sodium hydroxideSodium amideOther cations Ammonium hydrosulfideRelated compounds Sodium sulfideExcept where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa N verify what is Y N Infobox references Contents 1 Structure and properties 2 Preparation 3 Applications 4 ReferencesStructure and properties editCrystalline NaHS undergoes two phase transitions At temperatures above 360 K NaSH adopts the NaCl structure which implies that the HS behaves as a spherical anion owing to its rapid rotation leading to equal occupancy of eight equivalent positions Below 360 K a rhombohedral structure forms and the HS sweeps out a discoidal shape Below 114 K the structure becomes monoclinic The analogous rubidium and potassium compounds behave similarly 1 NaSH has a relatively low melting point of 350 C In addition to the aforementioned anhydrous forms it can be obtained as two different hydrates NaSH 2H2O and NaSH 3H2O These three species are all colorless and behave similarly but not identically It can be used to precipitate other metal hydrosulfides by treatment of aqueous solutions of their salts with sodium hydrosulfide It is analogous to sodium hydroxide and is a strong base Preparation editOne laboratory synthesis entails treatment of sodium ethoxide NaOEt with hydrogen sulfide 2 NaOCH2CH3 H2S NaSH CH3CH2OHAn alternative method involves reaction of sodium with hydrogen sulfide 3 Applications editThousands of tons of NaSH are produced annually Its main uses are in cloth and paper manufacture as a makeup chemical for sulfur used in the kraft process as a flotation agent in copper mining where it is used to activate oxide mineral species and in the leather industry for the removal of hair from hides 4 References edit Haarmann F Jacobs H Roessler E Senker J 2002 Dynamics of anions and cations in hydrogensulfides of alkali metals NaHS KHS RbHS A proton nuclear magnetic resonance study J Chem Phys 117 3 1269 1276 Bibcode 2002JChPh 117 1269H doi 10 1063 1 1483860 Eibeck R I 1963 Sodium Hydrogen Sulfide Inorganic Syntheses Inorganic Syntheses Vol 7 pp 128 31 doi 10 1002 9780470132388 ch35 ISBN 9780470132388 Pavlik Jeffrey W Noll Bruce C Oliver Allen G Schulz Charles E Scheidt W Robert 2010 Hydrosulfide HS Coordination in Iron Porphyrinates Inorganic Chemistry 49 3 1017 1026 doi 10 1021 ic901853p PMC 2811220 PMID 20038134 Butts David Bush David R Updated By Staff 2013 Sodium Sulfates and Sulfides Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology doi 10 1002 0471238961 1915040902212020 a01 pub3 ISBN 978 0471238966 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sodium hydrosulfide amp oldid 1198587010, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
