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Indian Railways organisational structure

Indian Railways is a statutory body under the ownership of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India that operates India's national railway system. It is headed by a Railway Board whose chairman reports to the Ministry of Railways. It is organized into separate functional groups or verticals while divided into 17 operational zones geographically. Each zone, headed by a General Manager, is semi-autonomous thus creating a matrix organization where the functional branches are under dual control.

Railway Board edit

In March 1905, the railway branch of the Public Works Department was transferred to the newly established railway board under the department of commerce and industry by the Indian Railway Board Act.[1] In 1908, the set up was re-organized on the recommendations of the Railway Finance Committee (1908) by constituting the Railway Board headed by a president as a separate department.[2] Pursuant to the Acworth committee's recommendations in 1921, the railway board was expanded to four members with the addition of a financial commissioner in 1924 apart from the chief commissioner, one commissioners responsible for ways and works, projects and stores and the other responsible for general administration, staff and traffic.[2] In 1929, an additional member was added to the board and was assigned the responsibility for staff, so that the member in charge of traffic could focus solely on transport and commercial matters.[3] In 1950,the railway board was re-constituted to four members with the senior-most functional member appointed the chairman of the board with no absolute over riding power.[4][5] In October 1954, the chairman of the board was made responsible for decisions on technical and policy matters, with the status of a principal secretary to the Government of India with an additional member added.[5] The board was expanded with an additional member responsible for electrical engineering in 1972 and a further member responsible for health in 1976.[6] In 2004, the board is expanded by the introduction of two new members responsible for signalling & telecom and for stores respectively.[7] In December 2019, the Union Cabinet decided to reduce the size of the board from eight to five.[8] The chairman of the railway board reports to the Ministry of Railways and act on behalf of the ministry. The following report to the railway board:[9][10]

  • General managers of various zones
  • Heads of functional divisions
  • Heads/Managers of production units
  • Heads of Public Sector Undertakings
  • Heads of railway institutes
  • Heads of special divisions

Functional division edit

The organization is divided into separate functional groups of traction, engineering, traffic, rolling stock, signalling, materials, personnel, RPF, finance, health and safety.[11]

Zonal management edit

In 1944, all the railway companies in existence at the time were taken over by the Government.[12] In December 1950, the Central Advisory Committee for Railways approved the plan for re-organizing Indian Railways into six regional zones which were divided subsequently to create newer zones. As of 2024, there are 17 operational zones of Indian Railways.[13] The zones are headed by a General manager and are further sub-divided into divisions. Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM), who are responsible for the operation and maintenance in the respective divisions.[14] The 17 operational zones and their divisions are listed below. South Coast Railway zone is proposed to be created as the eighteenth zone, but is not yet operational as of 2023.[15]

 
Indian Railway Zones
Indian Railway zones
Number Railway zone Code Headquarters[16] Established[17] Route length (km)[a][18] Stations Divisions[19]
7 Southern Railway SR Chennai 1951 5093 727[20] Chennai, Madurai, Palakkad, Salem, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirappalli
8 Central Railway CR Mumbai CSMT 1951 4203.3 486[21] Bhusawal, Mumbai, Nagpur, Pune, Solapur
9 Western Railway WR Mumbai Churchgate 1951 6156.6 1046[22] Ahmedabad, Bhavnagar, Mumbai WR, Rajkot, Ratlam, Vadodara
4 Eastern Railway ER Kolkata 1952 2823.2 587[23] Asansol, Howrah, Malda, Sealdah
1 Northern Railway NR Delhi 1952 7363 1013[24] Ambala, Delhi, Firozpur, Lucknow, Moradabad
2 North Eastern Railway NER Gorakhpur 1952 3470.5 537[25] Izzatnagar, Lucknow, Varanasi
5 South Eastern Railway SER Kolkata 1955 2758.6 363[26] Adra, Chakradharpur, Kharagpur, Ranchi
3 Northeast Frontier Railway NFR Guwahati 1958 4348 547[27] Alipurduar, Katihar, Lumding, Rangiya, Tinsukia
6 South Central Railway SCR Secunderabad 1966 6560.5 156[28] Guntur, Guntakal, Hyderabad, Nanded, Secunderabad, Vijayawada
NA Kolkata Metro KM Kolkata 1984 47.9 40[29]
16 East Central Railway ECR Hajipur 1996 4238 340[30] Danapur, Dhanbad, Mughalsarai, Samastipur, Sonpur
14 South East Central Railway SECR Bilaspur 1988 2396.6 358[31] Bilaspur, Nagpur, Raipur
11 North Western Railway NWR Jaipur 2002 5705.6 578[32] Ajmer, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur
15 East Coast Railway ECoR Bhubaneswar 2003 3017.2 133[33] Khurda Road, Sambalpur, Waltair
13 North Central Railway NCR Prayagraj 2003 3522.6 411[34] Agra, Jhansi, Prayagraj
10 South Western Railway SWR Hubballi 2003 3661.8 381[35] Bengaluru, Hubballi, Mysuru
12 West Central Railway WCR Jabalpur 2003 3060 247[36] Bhopal, Jabalpur, Kota
  1. ^ as of March 2023

Structure edit

In every zone, the functional verticals are represented by head of departments (HODs) responsible for the respective functions in the zone.[37] Each division has functional staff who report to the geographical divisional managers and functional HODs in a matrix organization and are tasked with the operation and maintenance of assets.[14]

 
Departments & Roles
Zonal administration[37]
Department HOD Divisional manager Function
Stores Principal Chief Materials Manager (PCMM) Sr. Divisional Material Manager Material stores for maintenance of infrastructure
Mechanical Principal Chief Mechanical Engineer (PCME) Sr. Divisional Mechanical Engineer (Diesel) Maintenance of diesel locomotives
Sr. Divisional Mechanical Engineer (Carriage & Wagon) Maintenance of rolling stock
Electrical Principal Chief Electrical Engineer (PCEE) Sr. Divisional Electrical Engineer (General) Maintenance of station lighting and power supply
Sr. Divisional Electrical Engineer (Traction distribution) Maintenance of overhead equipment
Sr. Divisional Electrical Engineer (Traction rolling stock) Maintenance of electric locomotives and Multiple units
Signal & Telecommunication Principal Chief Signal & Telecom Engineer (PCSTE) Sr. Divisional Signal & Telecommunication Engineer (DSTE) Management of the signalling and telecommunication infrastructure
Engineering Principal Chief Engineer (PCE) Sr. Divisional Engineer Maintenance of fixed assets
Sectional Sr. Divisional Engineer
Operations Principal Chief Operations Manager (PCOM) Sr. Divisional Operations Manager Train operations
Accounts Principal Financial Advisor (PFA) Sr. Divisional Finance Manager Accounting and financials
Commercial Principal Chief Commercial Manager (PCCM) Sr. Divisional Commercial Manager Passenger ticketing, checking, freight booking and fare collection
Medical Principal Chief Medical Director (PCMD) Chief Medical Superintendent Providing medical facilities
Safety Principal Chief Safety Officer (PCSO) Sr. Divisional Safety Officer Safety of train operations
Personnel Principal Chief Personnel Officer (PCPO) Sr. Divisional Personnel Officer Human resources
Security Principal Chief Safety Officer (PCSO) Sr. Divisional Security Commissioner Security of railway material, passenger and belongings
Management Additional General Manager (AGM) Divisional Railway Manager Management of all departments

Human Resources edit

Staff are classified into gazetted (Groups A and B) and non-gazetted (Groups C and D) employees with gazetted employees carrying out executive/managerial level tasks.[38] As of March 2022, Groups A & B constitute 1.5% of the total workforce, while Group C & D account for 98.5%.[16] 80% of Group-A employees are recruited through Indian Railways Management Service (IRMS) with remaining through promotions.[39] The various Group A cadres are as below include:[40]

Group B employees are recruited by departmental promotional exams of Group C employees. Recruitment of Group C employees are through exams conducted by the Railway Recruitment Control Board (RRCB) and Group D staffs are recruited by zonal Railway Recruitment Cells (RRC).[41] Indian Railways operates seven centralized training institutes and 295 training centers.[16]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "The Indian Railway Board Act, 1905". Act of 1905 (PDF). Parliament of India.
  2. ^ a b IRFC (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  3. ^ "History of Indian Railways". IRFCA. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  4. ^ Overview of Indian Railways (PDF) (Report). National Academy of Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  5. ^ a b "History of Indian Railways". IRFCA. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  6. ^ "History of Indian Railways". IRFCA. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  7. ^ "History of Indian Railways". IRFCA. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  8. ^ "Cabinet approves restructuring of Railway Board". Livemint. 24 December 2019. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  9. ^ Rao, M.A. (1988). Indian Railways. New Delhi: National Book Trust. p. 49-54. ISBN 978-8-1237-2589-5.
  10. ^ Organization chart (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  11. ^ Organization Chart (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  12. ^ Evolution of Indian Railways-Historical Background (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  13. ^ List of zones and divsions (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  14. ^ a b India's railway history : a research handbook. Brill. 3 August 2012. p. 270. ISBN 978-9-0042-3003-3. Retrieved 2 August 2019.
  15. ^ "Cabinet approves South Coast Railway zone" (Press release). Government of India. from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  16. ^ a b c Year book 2021-22 (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  17. ^ Indian railway zones (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  18. ^ Route map, 2023 (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  19. ^ List of zones and divsions (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  20. ^ List of stations, SR (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  21. ^ Divisions of CR (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  22. ^ "System map, WR" (PDF). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  23. ^ Category wise stations, ER (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  24. ^ System map, NR (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  25. ^ "System map, NER" (PDF). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  26. ^ "Category of stations, SER". Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  27. ^ Station classification, NFR (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  28. ^ "Category wise stations, SCR". Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  29. ^ "Kolkata metro map". Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  30. ^ UTS locations, ECR (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  31. ^ "System map, SECR" (PDF). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  32. ^ "About us, NWR". Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  33. ^ Classification of stations, ECoR (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  34. ^ System map, NCR (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  35. ^ "Category wise stations, SWR". Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  36. ^ "Category wise list of stations, WCR". Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  37. ^ a b Organization chart, Zonal railway (PDF) (Report). Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  38. ^ "Railway Board Directorates". Indian Railways. from the original on 30 May 2012.
  39. ^ "Recruitment to Indian Railway Management Service (IRMS) to be done through a specially designed examination (IRMS Examination)" (Press release). Government of India. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  40. ^ "Railway board". Indian Railways. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  41. ^ Indian Railways Establishment Manual (Report). RRCB. from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 1 December 2023.

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Indian Railways is a statutory body under the ownership of the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India that operates India s national railway system It is headed by a Railway Board whose chairman reports to the Ministry of Railways It is organized into separate functional groups or verticals while divided into 17 operational zones geographically Each zone headed by a General Manager is semi autonomous thus creating a matrix organization where the functional branches are under dual control Contents 1 Railway Board 2 Functional division 3 Zonal management 4 Structure 5 Human Resources 6 See also 7 ReferencesRailway Board editIn March 1905 the railway branch of the Public Works Department was transferred to the newly established railway board under the department of commerce and industry by the Indian Railway Board Act 1 In 1908 the set up was re organized on the recommendations of the Railway Finance Committee 1908 by constituting the Railway Board headed by a president as a separate department 2 Pursuant to the Acworth committee s recommendations in 1921 the railway board was expanded to four members with the addition of a financial commissioner in 1924 apart from the chief commissioner one commissioners responsible for ways and works projects and stores and the other responsible for general administration staff and traffic 2 In 1929 an additional member was added to the board and was assigned the responsibility for staff so that the member in charge of traffic could focus solely on transport and commercial matters 3 In 1950 the railway board was re constituted to four members with the senior most functional member appointed the chairman of the board with no absolute over riding power 4 5 In October 1954 the chairman of the board was made responsible for decisions on technical and policy matters with the status of a principal secretary to the Government of India with an additional member added 5 The board was expanded with an additional member responsible for electrical engineering in 1972 and a further member responsible for health in 1976 6 In 2004 the board is expanded by the introduction of two new members responsible for signalling amp telecom and for stores respectively 7 In December 2019 the Union Cabinet decided to reduce the size of the board from eight to five 8 The chairman of the railway board reports to the Ministry of Railways and act on behalf of the ministry The following report to the railway board 9 10 General managers of various zones Heads of functional divisions Heads Managers of production units Heads of Public Sector Undertakings Heads of railway institutes Heads of special divisionsFunctional division editThe organization is divided into separate functional groups of traction engineering traffic rolling stock signalling materials personnel RPF finance health and safety 11 Zonal management editIn 1944 all the railway companies in existence at the time were taken over by the Government 12 In December 1950 the Central Advisory Committee for Railways approved the plan for re organizing Indian Railways into six regional zones which were divided subsequently to create newer zones As of 2024 there are 17 operational zones of Indian Railways 13 The zones are headed by a General manager and are further sub divided into divisions Each division is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager DRM who are responsible for the operation and maintenance in the respective divisions 14 The 17 operational zones and their divisions are listed below South Coast Railway zone is proposed to be created as the eighteenth zone but is not yet operational as of 2023 15 nbsp Indian Railway ZonesIndian Railway zones Number Railway zone Code Headquarters 16 Established 17 Route length km a 18 Stations Divisions 19 7 Southern Railway SR Chennai 1951 5093 727 20 Chennai Madurai Palakkad Salem Thiruvananthapuram Tiruchirappalli8 Central Railway CR Mumbai CSMT 1951 4203 3 486 21 Bhusawal Mumbai Nagpur Pune Solapur9 Western Railway WR Mumbai Churchgate 1951 6156 6 1046 22 Ahmedabad Bhavnagar Mumbai WR Rajkot Ratlam Vadodara4 Eastern Railway ER Kolkata 1952 2823 2 587 23 Asansol Howrah Malda Sealdah1 Northern Railway NR Delhi 1952 7363 1013 24 Ambala Delhi Firozpur Lucknow Moradabad2 North Eastern Railway NER Gorakhpur 1952 3470 5 537 25 Izzatnagar Lucknow Varanasi5 South Eastern Railway SER Kolkata 1955 2758 6 363 26 Adra Chakradharpur Kharagpur Ranchi3 Northeast Frontier Railway NFR Guwahati 1958 4348 547 27 Alipurduar Katihar Lumding Rangiya Tinsukia6 South Central Railway SCR Secunderabad 1966 6560 5 156 28 Guntur Guntakal Hyderabad Nanded Secunderabad VijayawadaNA Kolkata Metro KM Kolkata 1984 47 9 40 29 16 East Central Railway ECR Hajipur 1996 4238 340 30 Danapur Dhanbad Mughalsarai Samastipur Sonpur14 South East Central Railway SECR Bilaspur 1988 2396 6 358 31 Bilaspur Nagpur Raipur11 North Western Railway NWR Jaipur 2002 5705 6 578 32 Ajmer Bikaner Jaipur Jodhpur15 East Coast Railway ECoR Bhubaneswar 2003 3017 2 133 33 Khurda Road Sambalpur Waltair13 North Central Railway NCR Prayagraj 2003 3522 6 411 34 Agra Jhansi Prayagraj10 South Western Railway SWR Hubballi 2003 3661 8 381 35 Bengaluru Hubballi Mysuru12 West Central Railway WCR Jabalpur 2003 3060 247 36 Bhopal Jabalpur Kota as of March 2023Structure editIn every zone the functional verticals are represented by head of departments HODs responsible for the respective functions in the zone 37 Each division has functional staff who report to the geographical divisional managers and functional HODs in a matrix organization and are tasked with the operation and maintenance of assets 14 nbsp Departments amp RolesZonal administration 37 Department HOD Divisional manager FunctionStores Principal Chief Materials Manager PCMM Sr Divisional Material Manager Material stores for maintenance of infrastructureMechanical Principal Chief Mechanical Engineer PCME Sr Divisional Mechanical Engineer Diesel Maintenance of diesel locomotivesSr Divisional Mechanical Engineer Carriage amp Wagon Maintenance of rolling stockElectrical Principal Chief Electrical Engineer PCEE Sr Divisional Electrical Engineer General Maintenance of station lighting and power supplySr Divisional Electrical Engineer Traction distribution Maintenance of overhead equipmentSr Divisional Electrical Engineer Traction rolling stock Maintenance of electric locomotives and Multiple unitsSignal amp Telecommunication Principal Chief Signal amp Telecom Engineer PCSTE Sr Divisional Signal amp Telecommunication Engineer DSTE Management of the signalling and telecommunication infrastructureEngineering Principal Chief Engineer PCE Sr Divisional Engineer Maintenance of fixed assetsSectional Sr Divisional EngineerOperations Principal Chief Operations Manager PCOM Sr Divisional Operations Manager Train operationsAccounts Principal Financial Advisor PFA Sr Divisional Finance Manager Accounting and financialsCommercial Principal Chief Commercial Manager PCCM Sr Divisional Commercial Manager Passenger ticketing checking freight booking and fare collectionMedical Principal Chief Medical Director PCMD Chief Medical Superintendent Providing medical facilitiesSafety Principal Chief Safety Officer PCSO Sr Divisional Safety Officer Safety of train operationsPersonnel Principal Chief Personnel Officer PCPO Sr Divisional Personnel Officer Human resourcesSecurity Principal Chief Safety Officer PCSO Sr Divisional Security Commissioner Security of railway material passenger and belongingsManagement Additional General Manager AGM Divisional Railway Manager Management of all departmentsHuman Resources editStaff are classified into gazetted Groups A and B and non gazetted Groups C and D employees with gazetted employees carrying out executive managerial level tasks 38 As of March 2022 Groups A amp B constitute 1 5 of the total workforce while Group C amp D account for 98 5 16 80 of Group A employees are recruited through Indian Railways Management Service IRMS with remaining through promotions 39 The various Group A cadres are as below include 40 Central Civil Services recruitment through Civil Services Examination CSE Indian Railway Traffic Service IRTS Indian Railway Personnel Service IRPS Indian Railway Accounts Service IRAS Indian Railway Protection Force Service IRPFS Central Engineering Services recruitment through Engineering Services Examination ESE Indian Railway Service of Engineers IRSE Indian Railway Service of Electrical Engineers IRSEE Indian Railway Service of Mechanical Engineers IRSME Indian Railway Service of Signal Engineers IRSSE Indian Railway Stores Service IRSS Central Health Science Services recruitment through Combined Medical Services Examination CMSE Indian railway medical service IRMS Group B employees are recruited by departmental promotional exams of Group C employees Recruitment of Group C employees are through exams conducted by the Railway Recruitment Control Board RRCB and Group D staffs are recruited by zonal Railway Recruitment Cells RRC 41 Indian Railways operates seven centralized training institutes and 295 training centers 16 See also editCentralised Training Institutes of the Indian RailwaysReferences edit The Indian Railway Board Act 1905 Act of 1905 PDF Parliament of India a b IRFC PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 History of Indian Railways IRFCA Retrieved 1 December 2023 Overview of Indian Railways PDF Report National Academy of Indian Railways Retrieved 1 January 2024 a b History of Indian Railways IRFCA Retrieved 1 December 2023 History of Indian Railways IRFCA Retrieved 1 December 2023 History of Indian Railways IRFCA Retrieved 1 December 2023 Cabinet approves restructuring of Railway Board Livemint 24 December 2019 Retrieved 1 December 2023 Rao M A 1988 Indian Railways New Delhi National Book Trust p 49 54 ISBN 978 8 1237 2589 5 Organization chart PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Organization Chart PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Evolution of Indian Railways Historical Background Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 List of zones and divsions PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 a b India s railway history a research handbook Brill 3 August 2012 p 270 ISBN 978 9 0042 3003 3 Retrieved 2 August 2019 Cabinet approves South Coast Railway zone Press release Government of India Archived from the original on 2 April 2019 Retrieved 20 May 2019 a b c Year book 2021 22 PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Indian railway zones PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Route map 2023 PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 List of zones and divsions PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 List of stations SR PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Divisions of CR Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 System map WR PDF Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Category wise stations ER PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 System map NR PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 System map NER PDF Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Category of stations SER Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Station classification NFR PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Category wise stations SCR Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Kolkata metro map Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 UTS locations ECR PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 System map SECR PDF Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 About us NWR Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Classification of stations ECoR PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 System map NCR PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Category wise stations SWR Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Category wise list of stations WCR Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 a b Organization chart Zonal railway PDF Report Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Railway Board Directorates Indian Railways Archived from the original on 30 May 2012 Recruitment to Indian Railway Management Service IRMS to be done through a specially designed examination IRMS Examination Press release Government of India Retrieved 1 December 2023 Railway board Indian Railways Retrieved 1 December 2023 Indian Railways Establishment Manual Report RRCB Archived from the original on 25 May 2012 Retrieved 1 December 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Indian Railways organisational structure amp oldid 1205152400 Zonal management, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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