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Yakov Protazanov

April 05, 2024

Yakov Alexandrovich Protazanov (Russian: Яков Александрович Протазанов; 4 February (O.S. 23 January ) 1881 – 8 August 1945) was a Russian and Soviet film director and screenwriter, and one of the founding fathers of cinema of Russia. He was an Honored Artist of the Russian SFSR (1935) and Uzbek SSR (1944).[1][2]

Yakov Protazanov
Born
Yakov Alexandrovich Protazanov

(1881-01-23)23 January 1881
Moscow, Russian Empire
Died8 August 1945(1945-08-08) (aged 64)
Moscow, USSR
Resting placeNovodevichy Cemetery
Occupation(s)Film director, screenwriter
Years active1907–1943
Notable workThe Queen of Spades (1916)
Aelita (1924)
St. Jorgen's Day (1930)
SpouseFrida Protazanova

Biography edit

Born in the Vinokurov family estate to educated Russian parents, both of whom belonged to the merchantry social class.[3] His father Alexander Savvich Protazanov came from a long generation of merchants and was a hereditary distinguished citizen of Kiev (an inherited privilege first granted to Yakov's great-grandfather, a merchant also named Yakov Protazanov who moved with his family to Kiev from Bronnitsy[4][5]). Alexander worked with the Shibaev brothers of the family of Old Believers whose father Sidor Shibaev was among the pioneers of the oil industry.[6]

Yakov's mother Elizaveta Mikhailovna Protazanova (nee Vinokurova) was a native Muscovite. She finished the Elizabeth Institute for Noble Maidens. Her brother Mikhail Vinokurov was close friends with the Sadovsky theatrical family and made a great impact on young Protazanov.[3]

In 1900 Yakov graduated from the Moscow Commercial College and started working as a merchant, although he wasn't happy about his choice of profession. In 1904 he left Russia and spent several years in France and Italy, self-educating. After his return in 1906 Protazanov joined the Gloria film company in Moscow as a screenwriter and director's assistant. He also met his future wife there — Frida Vasilievna Kennike, who happened to be a sister of one of the Gloria's co-founders.

In 1910 Gloria became part of the cinema factory headed by Paul Thiemann and Friedrich Reinhardt. Protazanov was finally given a director's chair, although, according to his memories, he took part in basically every filming process, including cinematography, stage property and bookkeeping.[3] His most notable works of that period are The Song of the Prophet Oleg based on Alexander Pushkin's poem and Departure of a Grand Old Man about the last days of Leo Tolstoy. In 1914 he joined Joseph N. Ermolieff's film studio where he worked up till his emigration in 1920.

In the period between 1911 and 1920 Protazanov wrote and directed some 80 features, including The Queen of Spades (1916) and Father Sergius (1918), which have been acclaimed as his masterpieces. Ivan Mozhukhin starred in many of his early films.

He emigrated to Europe in 1920 following the Russian Civil War along with Ermolieff's group where he worked at various French- and German-based film studios. He returned to Russia in 1923. The following year he produced Aelita based on Alexei Tolstoy's novel. It was one of the first science fiction movies to depict a space flight and an alien society.

His next film The Tailor from Torzhok was released to a great success and established him as one of the leading comedy directors. He discovered many talents, such as Igor Ilyinsky, Mikhail Zharov, Anatoli Ktorov, Vera Maretskaya, Yuliya Solntseva, Georgy Millyar, Serafima Birman, Nikolai Batalov and Mikhail Klimov. One of the most popular Russian fairy tale directors Alexander Rou also started as Protazanov's assistant.

 
Yakov Protazanov, 1928

In 1928 he directed The White Eagle that featured Vsevolod Meyerhold and Vasili Kachalov in the leading roles — one of their rare appearances on the big screen. His last acclaimed feature was a screen version of Alexander Ostrovsky's play Without Dowry in 1937. The cast featured many celebrated actors from the Maly Theatre.

During the Great Patriotic War he was evacuated to Tashkent along with some other members of Mosfilm and Lenfilm. Around the same time his health started declining; on his way to Tashkent he suffered a heart-attack. He managed to produce only one more movie — Nasreddin in Bukhara (1943)[7] - itself set in Uzbekistan.

His only son Georgy was killed in one of the final battles, which also affected Protazanov. He spent his last days working on the adaptation of Alexander Ostrovsky's comedy play Wolves and Sheep. Among his other plans were film adaptations of War and Peace and Oliver Twist.

Protazanov died on 8 August 1945 and was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.[8] He was survived by his wife Frida and his elder sisters - Lidia Aristova, Valentina Protazanova and Nina Anjaparidze.

Tribute to Yakov Protazanov edit

In 2014, The Silent Film Festival in Pordenone, Italy - "RUSSIAN LAUGHS", the silent comedies of Yakov Protazanov, the exhibition curated by Peter Bagrov and Natalia Noussinova, the translation of the Italian-language film has been entrusted by Vladislav Shabalin.[1].[2].

Selected filmography edit

Main article: Yakov Protazanov filmography

References edit

  1. ^ Peter Rollberg (2009). Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema. US: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 546–549. ISBN 978-0-8108-6072-8.
  2. ^ Cinema: Encyclopedic Dictionary // ed. Sergei Yutkevich. — Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1987, p. 337
  3. ^ a b c Mikhail Arlazorov. Protazanov. Moscow: Iskusstvo, 1973, pp. 7—9
  4. ^ Dmitry Aglitsky. Family chronicles don't burn article from Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 23 September 2015 (in Russian)
  5. ^ Dmitry Aglitsy's Family Research Project (in Russian)
  6. ^ S. M. Shibaev article at the Discover Moscow website
  7. ^ Jay Leyda (1960). Kino: A History of the Russian and Soviet Film. George Allen & Unwin. p. 380.
  8. ^ Celebrity Tombs

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yakov Protazanov.

April 05, 2024
yakov, protazanov, yakov, alexandrovich, protazanov, russian, Яков, Александрович, Протазанов, february, january, 1881, august, 1945, russian, soviet, film, director, screenwriter, founding, fathers, cinema, russia, honored, artist, russian, sfsr, 1935, uzbek,. Yakov Alexandrovich Protazanov Russian Yakov Aleksandrovich Protazanov 4 February O S 23 January 1881 8 August 1945 was a Russian and Soviet film director and screenwriter and one of the founding fathers of cinema of Russia He was an Honored Artist of the Russian SFSR 1935 and Uzbek SSR 1944 1 2 Yakov ProtazanovBornYakov Alexandrovich Protazanov 1881 01 23 23 January 1881Moscow Russian EmpireDied8 August 1945 1945 08 08 aged 64 Moscow USSRResting placeNovodevichy CemeteryOccupation s Film director screenwriterYears active1907 1943Notable workThe Queen of Spades 1916 Aelita 1924 St Jorgen s Day 1930 SpouseFrida Protazanova Contents 1 Biography 2 Tribute to Yakov Protazanov 3 Selected filmography 4 References 5 External linksBiography editBorn in the Vinokurov family estate to educated Russian parents both of whom belonged to the merchantry social class 3 His father Alexander Savvich Protazanov came from a long generation of merchants and was a hereditary distinguished citizen of Kiev an inherited privilege first granted to Yakov s great grandfather a merchant also named Yakov Protazanov who moved with his family to Kiev from Bronnitsy 4 5 Alexander worked with the Shibaev brothers of the family of Old Believers whose father Sidor Shibaev was among the pioneers of the oil industry 6 Yakov s mother Elizaveta Mikhailovna Protazanova nee Vinokurova was a native Muscovite She finished the Elizabeth Institute for Noble Maidens Her brother Mikhail Vinokurov was close friends with the Sadovsky theatrical family and made a great impact on young Protazanov 3 In 1900 Yakov graduated from the Moscow Commercial College and started working as a merchant although he wasn t happy about his choice of profession In 1904 he left Russia and spent several years in France and Italy self educating After his return in 1906 Protazanov joined the Gloria film company in Moscow as a screenwriter and director s assistant He also met his future wife there Frida Vasilievna Kennike who happened to be a sister of one of the Gloria s co founders In 1910 Gloria became part of the cinema factory headed by Paul Thiemann and Friedrich Reinhardt Protazanov was finally given a director s chair although according to his memories he took part in basically every filming process including cinematography stage property and bookkeeping 3 His most notable works of that period are The Song of the Prophet Oleg based on Alexander Pushkin s poem and Departure of a Grand Old Man about the last days of Leo Tolstoy In 1914 he joined Joseph N Ermolieff s film studio where he worked up till his emigration in 1920 In the period between 1911 and 1920 Protazanov wrote and directed some 80 features including The Queen of Spades 1916 and Father Sergius 1918 which have been acclaimed as his masterpieces Ivan Mozhukhin starred in many of his early films He emigrated to Europe in 1920 following the Russian Civil War along with Ermolieff s group where he worked at various French and German based film studios He returned to Russia in 1923 The following year he produced Aelita based on Alexei Tolstoy s novel It was one of the first science fiction movies to depict a space flight and an alien society His next film The Tailor from Torzhok was released to a great success and established him as one of the leading comedy directors He discovered many talents such as Igor Ilyinsky Mikhail Zharov Anatoli Ktorov Vera Maretskaya Yuliya Solntseva Georgy Millyar Serafima Birman Nikolai Batalov and Mikhail Klimov One of the most popular Russian fairy tale directors Alexander Rou also started as Protazanov s assistant nbsp Yakov Protazanov 1928In 1928 he directed The White Eagle that featured Vsevolod Meyerhold and Vasili Kachalov in the leading roles one of their rare appearances on the big screen His last acclaimed feature was a screen version of Alexander Ostrovsky s play Without Dowry in 1937 The cast featured many celebrated actors from the Maly Theatre During the Great Patriotic War he was evacuated to Tashkent along with some other members of Mosfilm and Lenfilm Around the same time his health started declining on his way to Tashkent he suffered a heart attack He managed to produce only one more movie Nasreddin in Bukhara 1943 7 itself set in Uzbekistan His only son Georgy was killed in one of the final battles which also affected Protazanov He spent his last days working on the adaptation of Alexander Ostrovsky s comedy play Wolves and Sheep Among his other plans were film adaptations of War and Peace and Oliver Twist Protazanov died on 8 August 1945 and was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery 8 He was survived by his wife Frida and his elder sisters Lidia Aristova Valentina Protazanova and Nina Anjaparidze Tribute to Yakov Protazanov editIn 2014 The Silent Film Festival in Pordenone Italy RUSSIAN LAUGHS the silent comedies of Yakov Protazanov the exhibition curated by Peter Bagrov and Natalia Noussinova the translation of the Italian language film has been entrusted by Vladislav Shabalin 1 2 Selected filmography editMain article Yakov Protazanov filmography Departure of a Grand Old Man 1912 The Queen of Spades 1916 Satan Triumphant 1917 Father Sergius 1918 The Pilgrimage of Love 1923 Aelita 1924 The Tailor from Torzhok 1925 His Call 1925 The Case of the Three Million 1926 Man from the Restaurant 1927 The Forty first 1927 Don Diego and Pelagia 1928 The White Eagle 1928 Ranks and People 1929 co directed with Mikhail Doller St Jorgen s Day 1930 Tommy 1931 Marionettes 1934 About Oddities of Love 1936 Without Dowry 1937 Salavat Yulayev 1941 Nasreddin in Bukhara 1943 References edit Peter Rollberg 2009 Historical Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Cinema US Rowman amp Littlefield pp 546 549 ISBN 978 0 8108 6072 8 Cinema Encyclopedic Dictionary ed Sergei Yutkevich Moscow Soviet Encyclopedia 1987 p 337 a b c Mikhail Arlazorov Protazanov Moscow Iskusstvo 1973 pp 7 9 Dmitry Aglitsky Family chronicles don t burn article from Nezavisimaya Gazeta 23 September 2015 in Russian Dmitry Aglitsy s Family Research Project in Russian S M Shibaev article at the Discover Moscow website Jay Leyda 1960 Kino A History of the Russian and Soviet Film George Allen amp Unwin p 380 Celebrity TombsExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yakov Protazanov Works by or about Yakov Protazanov at Internet Archive Yakov Protazanov at IMDb Yakov Protazanov at Find a Grave English biography Ian Christie in KinoKultura Remembering Uncle Yasha interview in the Union of Cinematographers Newspaper 2011 in Russian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yakov Protazanov amp oldid 1181940138, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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