Wikipedia
List of current maraji
This article provides the list of maraji (plural of marja, the supreme legal authority or the source of emulation), followed by Twelver (also known as Imamiyyah) Shia Muslims around the world. The concept of a marja-i taqlid (lit. source of emulation) is central to Usuli Shi'a Islam.[1] Marja-i Taqlids provide religious interpretations on matters of law and rituals.[2][3] Ideally, the most just and knowledgeable specialist in the field of the Islamic law should become recognized throughout the Muslim world as the marja-i taqlid. In practice however this rarely happens and there are several marja taqlids among whom an individual is free to choose and emulate.[2][3]
Those clerics who reach the apex in the hierarchy of theological rank in the centers of Shi'a learning become marja-i taqlids.[2][4] Since around 1940, marja-i taqlids are often referred to by their followers with the honorific title of Ayatollah al-`Uzma (Grand Ayatollah – "ayatollah" meaning "sign of God").[2] Among the functions of marja-i taqlids is the collection and distribution of religious taxes (zakat and khums).[2][3]
Current edit
The names are ordered by age (from Oldest to youngest).
| No | Image | Name | Birth year CE[5] | Birth place | Residence | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hossein Wahid Khorasani | 1 January 1921 | Nishapur, Sublime State of Persia | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 2 | Hossein Noori Hamedani حسين نوري همداني | 21 March 1925 | Hamadan, Imperial State of Iran | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 3 | Naser Makarem Shirazi ناصر مكارم شيرازي | 25 February 1927 | Shiraz, Imperial State of Iran | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 4 | Sayyid Mousa Shubayri Zanjani السيد موسى شبيري زنجانی | 2 March 1928 | Qom, Imperial State of Iran | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 5 | Abbas Mahfouzi عباس محفوظی | 1928 (age 95–96) | Rudsar, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 6 | Mohammad Rahmati Sirjani محمد رحمتی سیرجانی | 1928 (age 95–96) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 7 | Ja‘far Sobhani جعفر سبحاني | 8 April 1929 | Tabriz, Imperial State of Iran | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 8 | Sayyid Ali Husayni al-Sistani السيد علي الحسيني السيستاني | 4 August 1930 | Mashhad, Imperial State of Iran | Najaf, Iraq | Official Website[6] | |
| 9 | Mohammad Ishaq al-Fayadh محمد إسحاق فياض | 1930 (age 93–94) | Jaghori, Kingdom of Afghanistan | Najaf, Iraq | Official Website | |
| 10 | Muhammad Taqi Majlesi Isfahani محمد تقى مجلسى اصفهانى | 1930 (age 93–94) | Isfahan, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website [7] | |
| 11 | Abdollah Javadi-Amoli عبدالله جوادى آملى | 5 May 1933 | Amol, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 12 | Hossein Mazaheri حسين مظاهري | 16 November 1933 | Isfahan, Imperial State of Iran | Isfahan, Iran | Official Website | |
| 13 | Mohammad Ebrahim Jannaati محمد ابراهيم جناتی | 1933 (age 90–91) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 14 | Sayyid Ali Mohammad Dastgheib Shirazi السيد علی محمد دستغیب شيرازي | 14 March 1935 | Shiraz, Imperial State of Iran | Shiraz, Iran | Official Website | |
| 15 | Mirza Yadollah Duzduzani ميرزا يدالله دوزدوزاني | 1935 (age 88–89) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 16 | Shamsodin Vaezi شمس الدين الواعظي | 1936 (age 87–88) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Official Website | |
| 17 | Mohammad Ali Gerami Qomi محمدعلى گرامى قمي | 1938 (age 85–86) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 18 | Sayyid Kazim Hussaini al-Haeri السيد كاظم حسيني حائري | 1938 (age 85–86) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iran | Official Website Has officially resigned as Marja[8] | |
| 19 | Mohammad Mehdi Khalesi محمد مهدي الخالصي | 1938 (age 85–86) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | [Official Website] | |
| 20 | Sayyid Ali Hoseyni Khamenei السيد علي حسيني خامنه اي | 19 April 1939 | Mashhad, Imperial State of Iran | Tehran, Iran | Official Website | |
| 21 | Ali Asghar Rahimi Azad علی اصغر رحیمی آزاد | 1939 (age 84–85) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 22 | Sheikh Yasubedin Rastegar Jooybari الشيخ يعسوب الدين رستگار جويبارى | 1940 (age 83–84) | Juybar, Imperial State of Iran | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 23 | Mohammad Mohammad Taher Aleshobair Khaqani محمد محمد طاهــــر آل شبيـر الخاقانـــــي | 1940 (age 83–84) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Official Website | |
| 24 | Sheikh Khalil Qudsi Mehr Tabrezi الشيخ الخليل قدسى مهر تبريزى | 1940 (age 83–84) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official website [9] | |
| 25 | Sayyid Sadiq Hussaini Shirazi السيد صادق حسيني شيرازي | 20 August 1941 | Karbala, Kingdom of Iraq | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 26 | Asadollah Bayyat Zanjani اسدالله بیات زنجانی | 23 December 1941 | Zanjan, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 27 | Dosti Zanjani دوستى زنجانى | 1941 (age 82–83) | Imperial State of Iran | Qom, Iran | Official Website | |
| 28 | Ali Karimi Jahromi علی کریمی جهرمی | 10 April 1942 | Jahrom, Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 29 | Bashir Hussain Najafi بشير حسين النجفي | 1942 (age 81–82) | Jalandhar, British India | Najaf, Iraq | Official Website | |
| 30 | Sheikh Noori Hatim Saadi الشيخ نوري حاتم الساعدي | 1944 (age 79–80) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | - | |
| 31 | Sayyid Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi السيد محمد تقي المدرسي | 1 July 1945 | Karbala, Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Official Website | |
| 32 | Sayyid Ali Asghar Dastgheib سید علی‌اصغر دستغیب | 25 November 1945 | Shiraz, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 33 | Sayyid Ahmad Hassani Baghdadi السيد احمد الحسني البغدادي | 1945 (age 78–79) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Official Website | |
| 34 | Sayyid Allaedin Ghoraifi السيد علاء الدين الغريفي | 1945 (age 78–79) | Baghdad, Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | ||
| 35 | Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Zanjani السید محمد حسینی زنجانی | 1947 (age 76–77) | Qom, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 36 | Saleh Taei صالح الطائي | 1948 (age 75–76) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Official Website | |
| 37 | Ali Al-Saleh علي الصالح | 1948 (age 75–76) | Kuwait | Kuwait | - | |
| 38 | Mohammad Reza Nekoonam محمد رضا نکونام | 9 January 1949 | Golpayegan, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 39 | Seyed Javad Alavi Borujerdi سید جواد علوی بروجردی | 16 April 1951 | Qom, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 40 | Mohammad Amin Mamaqani محمد أمين المامقاني | 10 June 1951 | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Biography Official Website | |
| 41 | Jawad Khalesi جواد الخالصي | 13 September 1951 | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | - | |
| 42 | Khalil Mobasher Kashani خلیل مبشر کاشانی | 1951 (age 72–73) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 43 | Sayyid Hussein Esmaeel al-Sadr السيد حسين إسماعيل الصدر | 1952 (age 71–72) | Baghdad, Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Official Website | |
| 44 | Fazel Maleki فاضل المالكي | 8 April 1954 | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | ||
| 45 | Sayyid Ali Hassani Baghdadi السيد علي الحسني البغدادي | 1955 (age 68–69) | Kingdom of Iraq | Iraq | Official Website | |
| 46 | Seyed Mohammad Yasrebi سید محمد یثربی | 1955 (age 68–69) | Qom, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website [10] | |
| 47 | Sayyid Kamal Haydari سيد كمال الحيدري | 1 January 1956 | Karbala, Kingdom of Iraq | Iran | Official Website [11] | |
| 48 | Sayyid Mohammad Hadi Ghazanfari Khansari السيد محمد هادي غضنفري خوانساري | 1957 (age 66–67) | Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Biography | |
| 49 | Sayyid Muhsin Hojjat Kabuli السيد محسن حجت كابلى | 1957 (age 66–67) | Kingdom of Afghanistan | Afghanistan | Official Website [12] | |
| 50 | Seyed Mohammad Amin Khorasani سید محمد امین خراسانی | 9 February 1958 | Sabzevar, Imperial State of Iran | Iran | Official Website | |
| 51 | Mohammad Yaqoobi محمد اليعقوبي | 9 September 1960 | Najaf, Iraqi Republic (1958–1968) | Najaf, Iraq | Official Website | |
| 52 | Sayyid Reza Hosseini Nassab السيد رضا حسيني نسب | 1960 (age 63–64) | Yazd, Imperial State of Iran | Canada | Official Website [13][14] | |
| 53 | Mohammad Baqer Movahedi Najafi محمد باقر موحدى نجفى | 1961 (age 62–63) | Iraqi Republic (1958–1968) | Iran | Official Website | |
| 54 | Mohammad al-Sannad محمد السند | 1962 (age 61–62) | Bahrain | Iraq | Official Website |
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Pike, John. "Twelvers / Ithna Ashari Islamic Schools of Thought". www.globalsecurity.org.
- ^ a b c d e Lara Deeb, An Enchanted Modern: Gender and Public Piety in Shi'i Lebanon, Princeton University Press, pp.69-70
- ^ a b c Michael W. Suleiman,Arabs in America: Building a New Future, p.55, Temple University Press
- ^ Linda S. Walbridge, The Most Learned of the Shiʻa: The Institution of the Marjaʻ Taqlid, Oxford University Press, p.217
- ^ The abbreviation CE refers to the Common Era solar calendar, while AH refers to the Islamic Hijri lunar calendar.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 2010-12-28.
- ^ "برچسب مرجع تقلید مراجع عظام - مرجعیت شیعه". baktashienews.blogsky.com.
- ^ "Iraq's Muqtada al-Sadr withdraws from political process". Mehr News Agency. 2022-08-29. Retrieved 2022-09-02.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 2018-08-19. Retrieved 2018-08-28.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 2018-08-19. Retrieved 2018-08-28.
- ^ "پایگاه اطلاع رسانی دفتر حضرت آیت الله العظمی سید کمال حیدری". alhaydari.com.
- ^ "مجموع مراجع الشيعة الأحياء لبداية 2017م مع محل سكناهم ومواقعهم الالكترونية". منتديات يا حسين. 22 July 2017.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 2011-06-13.
- ^ Islamopedia[permanent dead link] Ayatollah Hosseini Nassab.
External links edit
- Prominent Ulamaa, prior to 100 years
- Comprehensive List of Ulamaa / Jurists & their books ' An Extract from A Shiite Encyclopedia - Hasan Amini
- Ulamaa Biographies (Jafariyanews.com)
- Introduction to Scholars 5th / 11th century (al-islam.org)
- Scholars Info (Playandlearn.org)