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The yō-on (Japanese: 拗音 (ようおん)), also written as yōon, is a feature of the Japanese language in which a mora is formed with an added [j] sound, i.e., palatalized,[1] or (more rarely in the modern language) with an added [w] sound, i.e. labialized.
Yōon are represented in hiragana using a kana ending in i, such as き (ki) or に (ni), plus a smaller version of one of the three y kana, ya, yu or yo. For example, kyō, "today" (今日), is written きょう [kʲoo], using a small version of the yo kana, よ. Contrast this with kiyō, "skillful" (器用), which is written きよう [kijoo], with a full-sized yo kana. In historical kana orthography, yōon were not distinguished with the smaller kana, and had to be determined by context.
In earlier stages of Japanese, and in certain dialects, yōon can also be formed with the kana wa, wi, we, and wo; for example, くゎ/クヮ kwa, くゐ/クヰ kwi, くゑ/クヱ kwe, くを/クヲ kwo[citation needed]. Although obsolete in modern Japanese, kwa and kwi can still be found in several of the Ryukyuan languages today (e.g. Okinawan), while kwe is formed with the digraph くぇ. Instead of the kana き, these are formed with the kana for ku, く/ク.
In Japanese Braille, Yōon is indicated with one of the yōon, yōon+dakuten, or yōon+handakuten prefixes.
Unlike in kana, Braille yōon is prefixed to the -a/-u/-o syllables, rather than appending ya, yu or yo to an -i kana, e.g. kyu: きゅ - ki + yu →⠈⠩ - yōon + ku. Likewise, the -w- syllables are indicated by a prefix of the -a/-i/-e/-o syllables, rather than an -u syllable, e.g. くぁ / くゎ (kwa) = -w- + ka: ⠢⠡.
Referencesedit
^Haruo Kubozono (2015). Handbook of Japanese Phonetics and Phonology. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN978-1614512523.
April 07, 2024
yōon, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, japanese, november, 2023, click. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Japanese November 2023 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Japanese article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 3 808 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Wikipedia article at ja 拗音 see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated ja 拗音 to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Yōon news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The yō on Japanese 拗音 ようおん also written as yōon is a feature of the Japanese language in which a mora is formed with an added j sound i e palatalized 1 or more rarely in the modern language with an added w sound i e labialized Yōon are represented in hiragana using a kana ending in i such as き ki or に ni plus a smaller version of one of the three y kana ya yu or yo For example kyō today 今日 is written きょう kʲoo using a small version of the yo kana よ Contrast this with kiyō skillful 器用 which is written きよう kijoo with a full sized yo kana In historical kana orthography yōon were not distinguished with the smaller kana and had to be determined by context In earlier stages of Japanese and in certain dialects yōon can also be formed with the kana wa wi we and wo for example くゎ クヮ kwa くゐ クヰ kwi くゑ クヱ kwe くを クヲ kwo citation needed Although obsolete in modern Japanese kwa and kwi can still be found in several of the Ryukyuan languages today e g Okinawan while kwe is formed with the digraph くぇ Instead of the kana き these are formed with the kana for ku く ク Table editYōon 拗音 katakanaャ ya ュ yu ョ yoキ ki キャ kya キュ kyu キョ kyoシ shi シャ sha シュ shu ショ shoチ chi チャ cha チュ chu チョ choニ ni ニャ nya ニュ nyu ニョ nyoヒ hi ヒャ hya ヒュ hyu ヒョ hyoミ mi ミャ mya ミュ myu ミョ myoリ ri リャ rya リュ ryu リョ ryodakutenギ gi ギャ gya ギュ gyu ギョ gyoジ ji ジャ ja ジュ ju ジョ joヂ ji ヂャ ja ヂュ ju ヂョ joビ bi ビャ bya ビュ byu ビョ byohandakutenピ pi ピャ pya ピュ pyu ピョ pyo hiraganaゃ ya ゅ yu ょ yoき ki きゃ kya きゅ kyu きょ kyoし shi しゃ sha しゅ shu しょ shoち chi ちゃ cha ちゅ chu ちょ choに ni にゃ nya にゅ nyu にょ nyoひ hi ひゃ hya ひゅ hyu ひょ hyoみ mi みゃ mya みゅ myu みょ myoり ri りゃ rya りゅ ryu りょ ryodakutenぎ gi ぎゃ gya ぎゅ gyu ぎょ gyoじ ji じゃ ja じゅ ju じょ joぢ ji ぢゃ ja ぢゅ ju ぢょ joび bi びゃ bya びゅ byu びょ byohandakutenぴ pi ぴゃ pya ぴゅ pyu ぴょ pyo合拗音 Gō Yōon Closed Yōon Obsolete labialized k くゎ kwa くゐ kwi くゑ kwelabialized g ぐゎ gwa ぐゐ gwi ぐゑ gweOther representations editBrailleYōon Yōon Dakuten Yōon Handakuten w nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp In Japanese Braille Yōon is indicated with one of the yōon yōon dakuten or yōon handakuten prefixes Unlike in kana Braille yōon is prefixed to the a u o syllables rather than appending ya yu or yo to an i kana e g kyu きゅ ki yu yōon ku Likewise the w syllables are indicated by a prefix of the a i e o syllables rather than an u syllable e g くぁ くゎ kwa w ka References edit Haruo Kubozono 2015 Handbook of Japanese Phonetics and Phonology Walter de Gruyter GmbH amp Co KG ISBN 978 1614512523 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yōon amp oldid 1191939172, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
