Bystry (Russian: Быстрый, lit. 'Fast') was one of 29 Gnevny-classdestroyers (officially known as Project 7) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Completed in 1939, she was assigned to the Black Sea Fleet. When the German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) began in June 1941, the ship was under repair. Bystry struck a mine and sank in July. Her wreck was raised, but was too badly damaged for immediate repairs. She was later sunk by German bombs and her wreck had the bow salvaged to repair one of her sisters.
Having decided to build the large and expensive 40-knot (74 km/h; 46 mph) Leningrad-classdestroyer leaders, the Soviet Navy sought Italian assistance in designing smaller and cheaper destroyers. They licensed the plans for the Folgore class and, in modifying it for their purposes, overloaded a design that was already somewhat marginally stable.[1]
The Gnevnys had an overall length of 112.8 meters (370 ft 1 in), a beam of 10.2 meters (33 ft 6 in), and a draft of 4.8 meters (15 ft 9 in) at deep load. The ships were significantly overweight, almost 200 metric tons (197 long tons) heavier than designed, displacing 1,612 metric tons (1,587 long tons) at standard load and 2,039 metric tons (2,007 long tons) at deep load. Their crew numbered 197 officers and sailors in peacetime and 236 in wartime.[2] The ships had a pair of geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller, rated to produce 48,000 shaft horsepower (36,000 kW) using steam from three water-tube boilers which was intended to give them a maximum speed of 37 knots (69 km/h; 43 mph).[3] The designers had been conservative in rating the turbines and many, but not all, of the ships handily exceeded their designed speed during their sea trials. Others fell considerably short of it, although specific figures for most individual ships have not survived. Variations in fuel oil capacity meant that the range of the Gnevnys varied between 1,670 to 3,145 nautical miles (3,093 to 5,825 km; 1,922 to 3,619 mi) at 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph).[4]
Built in Nikolayev's Shipyard No. 198 (Andre Marti (South)) as yard number 320, Bystry was laid down on 17 April 1936 and launched on 5 November 1936. The ship was completed on 27 January 1939[8] and was commissioned into the Black Sea Fleet on 7 March.[9] When Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, began on 22 June 1941, Bystry was assigned to the 2nd Destroyer Division and was awaiting a scheduled refit in Sevastopol. On 1 July, she departed for Nikolayev for further work, but struck a mine while leaving Sevastopol, killing 24 and wounding 81 crewmen. The explosion flooded the forward half of the ship as well as the boiler rooms and her bow grounded in shallow water. Bystry was refloated on 13 July and drydocked the following day for repairs. She was in very poor condition and her hull was patched to move her out of the drydock pending a final decision on whether to repair her. The ship was struck by several bombs during a German airstrike in September and sank. Her guns were removed 20 November – 15 December and used to reinforce the coastal defenses of Sevastopol. Her bow was later salvaged to repair her sister Besposhchadny.[9][10]
Balakin, Sergey (2007). Легендарные "семёрки" Эсминцы "сталинской" серии [Legendary Sevens: Stalin's destroyer series] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza/Eksmo. ISBN978-5-699-23784-5.
Berezhnoy, Sergey (2002). Крейсера и миноносцы. Справочник [Guide to Cruisers and Destroyers] (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat. ISBN5-203-01780-8.
Budzbon, Przemysaw (1980). "Soviet Union". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 318–346. ISBN0-85177-146-7.
Hill, Alexander (2018). Soviet Destroyers of World War II. New Vanguard. Vol. 256. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN978-1-4728-2256-7.
Platonov, Andrey V. (2002). Энциклопедия советских надводных кораблей 1941–1945 [Encyclopedia of Soviet Surface Ships 1941–1945] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Poligon. ISBN5-89173-178-9.
Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN1-59114-119-2.
Rohwer, Jürgen & Monakov, Mikhail S. (2001). Stalin's Ocean-Going Fleet. London: Frank Cass. ISBN0-7146-4895-7.
Yakubov, Vladimir & Worth, Richard (2008). "The Soviet Project 7/7U Destroyers". In Jordan, John & Dent, Stephen (eds.). Warship 2008. London: Conway. pp. 99–114. ISBN978-1-84486-062-3.
Further readingedit
Whitley, M. J. (1988). Destroyers of World War 2. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN0-87021-326-1.
March 16, 2024
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For other ships with the same name see Soviet destroyer Bystry 1987 Bystry Russian Bystryj lit Fast was one of 29 Gnevny class destroyers officially known as Project 7 built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s Completed in 1939 she was assigned to the Black Sea Fleet When the German invasion of the Soviet Union Operation Barbarossa began in June 1941 the ship was under repair Bystry struck a mine and sank in July Her wreck was raised but was too badly damaged for immediate repairs She was later sunk by German bombs and her wreck had the bow salvaged to repair one of her sisters Aerial view of sister ship Razumny March 1944HistorySoviet UnionNameBystry Bystryj Fast Ordered2nd Five Year PlanBuilderShipyard No 198 Andre Marti South NikolayevLaid down17 April 1936Launched5 November 1936Completed27 January 1939Commissioned7 March 1939FateSunk by mine 1 July 1941 Refloated 13 July 1941 Sunk by aircraft September 1941General characteristics Gnevny as completed 1938 Class and typeGnevny class destroyerDisplacement1 612 t 1 587 long tons standard Length112 8 m 370 ft 1 in o a Beam10 2 m 33 ft 6 in Draft4 8 m 15 ft 9 in Installed power3 water tube boilers 48 000 shp 36 000 kW Propulsion2 shafts 2 geared steam turbinesSpeed38 knots 70 km h 44 mph Range2 720 nmi 5 040 km 3 130 mi at 19 knots 35 km h 22 mph Complement197 236 wartime Sensors and processing systemsMars hydrophoneArmament4 single 130 mm 5 1 in guns 2 single 76 2 mm 3 in AA guns 2 single 45 mm 1 8 in AA guns 2 single 12 7 mm 0 50 in AA machineguns 2 triple 533 mm 21 in torpedo tubes 60 96 mines 2 depth charge racks 25 depth charges Contents 1 Design and description 2 Construction and service 3 Citations 4 Sources 5 Further readingDesign and description editHaving decided to build the large and expensive 40 knot 74 km h 46 mph Leningrad class destroyer leaders the Soviet Navy sought Italian assistance in designing smaller and cheaper destroyers They licensed the plans for the Folgore class and in modifying it for their purposes overloaded a design that was already somewhat marginally stable 1 The Gnevnys had an overall length of 112 8 meters 370 ft 1 in a beam of 10 2 meters 33 ft 6 in and a draft of 4 8 meters 15 ft 9 in at deep load The ships were significantly overweight almost 200 metric tons 197 long tons heavier than designed displacing 1 612 metric tons 1 587 long tons at standard load and 2 039 metric tons 2 007 long tons at deep load Their crew numbered 197 officers and sailors in peacetime and 236 in wartime 2 The ships had a pair of geared steam turbines each driving one propeller rated to produce 48 000 shaft horsepower 36 000 kW using steam from three water tube boilers which was intended to give them a maximum speed of 37 knots 69 km h 43 mph 3 The designers had been conservative in rating the turbines and many but not all of the ships handily exceeded their designed speed during their sea trials Others fell considerably short of it although specific figures for most individual ships have not survived Variations in fuel oil capacity meant that the range of the Gnevnys varied between 1 670 to 3 145 nautical miles 3 093 to 5 825 km 1 922 to 3 619 mi at 19 knots 35 km h 22 mph 4 As built the Gnevny class ships mounted four 130 millimeter 5 1 in B 13 guns in two pairs of superfiring single mounts fore and aft of the superstructure Anti aircraft defense was provided by a pair of 76 2 millimeter 3 in 34 K AA guns in single mounts and a pair of 45 millimeter 1 8 in 21 K AA guns 5 as well as two 12 7 millimeter 0 50 in DK or DShK machine guns They carried six 533 mm 21 0 in torpedo tubes in two rotating triple mounts each tube was provided with a reload The ships could also carry a maximum of either 60 or 95 mines and 25 depth charges They were fitted with a set of Mars hydrophones for anti submarine work although they were useless at speeds over 3 knots 5 6 km h 3 5 mph 6 The ships were equipped with two K 1 paravanes intended to destroy mines and a pair of depth charge throwers 7 Construction and service editBuilt in Nikolayev s Shipyard No 198 Andre Marti South as yard number 320 Bystry was laid down on 17 April 1936 and launched on 5 November 1936 The ship was completed on 27 January 1939 8 and was commissioned into the Black Sea Fleet on 7 March 9 When Operation Barbarossa the German invasion of the Soviet Union began on 22 June 1941 Bystry was assigned to the 2nd Destroyer Division and was awaiting a scheduled refit in Sevastopol On 1 July she departed for Nikolayev for further work but struck a mine while leaving Sevastopol killing 24 and wounding 81 crewmen The explosion flooded the forward half of the ship as well as the boiler rooms and her bow grounded in shallow water Bystry was refloated on 13 July and drydocked the following day for repairs She was in very poor condition and her hull was patched to move her out of the drydock pending a final decision on whether to repair her The ship was struck by several bombs during a German airstrike in September and sank Her guns were removed 20 November 15 December and used to reinforce the coastal defenses of Sevastopol Her bow was later salvaged to repair her sister Besposhchadny 9 10 Citations edit Yakubov amp Worth pp 99 102 103 Yakubov amp Worth p 101 Budzbon p 330 Yakubov amp Worth pp 101 106 107 Hill p 40 Yakubov amp Worth pp 101 105 106 Berezhnoy p 335 Rohwer amp Monakov p 233 a b Yakubov amp Worth p 109 Platonov pp 191 192 Rohwer p 82Sources editBalakin Sergey 2007 Legendarnye semyorki Esmincy stalinskoj serii Legendary Sevens Stalin s destroyer series in Russian Moscow Yauza Eksmo ISBN 978 5 699 23784 5 Berezhnoy Sergey 2002 Krejsera i minonoscy Spravochnik Guide to Cruisers and Destroyers in Russian Moscow Voenizdat ISBN 5 203 01780 8 Budzbon Przemysaw 1980 Soviet Union In Chesneau Roger ed Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1922 1946 Greenwich UK Conway Maritime Press pp 318 346 ISBN 0 85177 146 7 Hill Alexander 2018 Soviet Destroyers of World War II New Vanguard Vol 256 Oxford UK Osprey Publishing ISBN 978 1 4728 2256 7 Platonov Andrey V 2002 Enciklopediya sovetskih nadvodnyh korablej 1941 1945 Encyclopedia of Soviet Surface Ships 1941 1945 in Russian Saint Petersburg Poligon ISBN 5 89173 178 9 Rohwer Jurgen 2005 Chronology of the War at Sea 1939 1945 The Naval History of World War Two Third Revised ed Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press ISBN 1 59114 119 2 Rohwer Jurgen amp Monakov Mikhail S 2001 Stalin s Ocean Going Fleet London Frank Cass ISBN 0 7146 4895 7 Yakubov Vladimir amp Worth Richard 2008 The Soviet Project 7 7U Destroyers In Jordan John amp Dent Stephen eds Warship 2008 London Conway pp 99 114 ISBN 978 1 84486 062 3 Further reading editWhitley M J 1988 Destroyers of World War 2 Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press ISBN 0 87021 326 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Soviet destroyer Bystry 1936 amp oldid 1184227734, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
