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Wismar

December 02, 2023

Wismar (German pronunciation: [ˈvɪsmaʁ]; Low German: Wismer), officially the Hanseatic City of Wismar (Hansestadt Wismar) is, with around 43,000 inhabitants, the sixth-largest city of the northeastern German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, and the fourth-largest city of Mecklenburg after Rostock, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg. The city was the third-largest port city in former East Germany after Rostock and Stralsund.

Wismar
Town
Clockwise from top: St Nicholas' Church, St George's Church, Market Square with waterworks, Old Harbour, Gewölbe, colorful houses in the old town
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Wismar within Nordwestmecklenburg district
Wismar
Wismar
Coordinates: 53°54′N 11°28′E / 53.900°N 11.467°E / 53.900; 11.467
CountryGermany
StateMecklenburg-Vorpommern
DistrictNordwestmecklenburg
Government
 • Mayor (2018–25) Thomas Beyer[1] (SPD)
Area
 • Total41.36 km2 (15.97 sq mi)
Elevation
15 m (49 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-31)[2]
 • Total42,785
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
23952, 23966, 23968, 23970
Dialling codes03841
Vehicle registrationHWI
Websitewww.wismar.de

Wismar is located on the Bay of Wismar of the Baltic Sea, directly opposite the island of Poel, that separates the Bay of Wismar from the larger Bay of Mecklenburg. The city lies in the middle between the two larger port cities of Lübeck in the west, and Rostock in the east, and the state capital of Schwerin is located south of the city on Lake Schwerin. Wismar lies in the northeastern corner of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region, and is the capital of the district of Northwestern Mecklenburg. The city's natural harbour is protected by a promontory. The uninhabited island of Walfisch, lying between Wismar and the island of Poel, administratively belongs to the borough of Wismar-Wendorf.

It is estimated that Wismar was founded in 1226 under Henry Borwin I, Lord of Mecklenburg from the House of Mecklenburg, a German dynasty of Slavic origin also known as the Obotrites or Niklotides. In 1259, the city became part of the Hanseatic League. Throughout its history, the city has been under control of various German states as well as the Swedish Empire. It was part of Sweden from 1648 until 1803 (de jure until 1903, when Sweden officially renounced its claims to the city), and this Swedish chapter of the city is celebrated annually with a large "Sweden Celebration". From 1815 until 1918, Wismar lay in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and later in the Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Wismar is a typical representative of the Hanseatic League with its city-wide Brick Gothic structures and iconic gabled patrician houses and was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List alongside the historical old town of Stralsund in 2002.[3] Wismar is the seat of Hochschule Wismar, a university of applied sciences, one of nine institutions of higher education in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. With MV Werften Wismar, the city is one of three cruise ship-producing locations of MV Werften (along with Rostock and Stralsund), and the shipyard with its tall white-blue hall is one of the city's largest employers. St. George's, St. Nicholas' and St. Mary's, of which only the tower is left standing, are the three iconic sacred buildings dominating the skyline of Wismar.

History edit

 
Wismar in the 16th century

The name of the settlement was first recorded in the 12th century as Visemer, Wismar (1147, 1167), Wyssemaria (1229)[1][4] and is probably of Slavic origin although finally disputed. Wismar could have the same os. origin like the german city Weimar[5] Wismar was part of the Western Slavic Obotrites' territory.

The exact date of the city's foundation is not clear. In the oldest existing document of Wismar of 1229 its civic rights are already established. In 1301 Wismar came under the rule of the House of Mecklenburg.[6] In 1259 Wismar joined a defensive agreement with Lübeck and Rostock, in order to effectively counter the numerous Baltic pirates. Subsequently more cities of the northern Holy Roman Empire would agree to cooperate as commerce and trade was increasingly coordinated and regulated. These policies would provide the basis for the development of the Hanseatic League. By the 13th and 14th centuries Wismar had grown into a flourishing Hanseatic trading hub and an important center of wool processing. Although around 2,000 of its inhabitants perished during the plague of 1376, the town remained reasonably prosperous until the 16th century.[7][8]

Under Swedish rule edit

Main article: Swedish Wismar
 
Siege of Wismar of 1675
Wismar
UNESCO World Heritage Site
 
Alter Schwede, c. 1380
Part ofHistoric Centres of Stralsund and Wismar
CriteriaCultural: ii, iv
Reference1067-002
Inscription2002 (26th Session)
Area88 ha
Buffer zone108 ha

With the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 Wismar came under the territorial control of Sweden. Through the acquisition of Wismar and other dominions in the Holy Roman Empire, the Kings of Sweden in their role as imperial princes were entitled to a seat in the Imperial Diet. Wismar became administrative center of Wismar town and the districts of Pod and Neukloster, and after 1653 the Fürstenhof (prince's court) served as the seat of the supreme court for all Swedish dominions in the Holy Roman Empire. Wismar's fortifications were extended into an effective all-round defence system under the supervision of Field Marshal Erik Dahlbergh. Remains of these fortifications have been preserved, among other places, in the ‘Lindengarten' to the east of the wall of the old city.[9][10] During the Scanian War, the town was besieged and captured by Danish forces in 1675.

In 1803, Sweden ceded both the town and lordship to the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for 1,258,000 Riksdalers, but reserved the right of redemption after 100 years. In view of this contingent right of Sweden, Wismar was not represented at the diet of Mecklenburg-Schwerin until 1897. In 1903, Sweden finally renounced its claims to the town. Wismar still retains a few relics of its old privileges, including the right to fly its own flag.[7][11][12]

20th century edit

By the end of the 19th century Wismar's most important manufacturing branches were the production of iron and steel, roofing-felt, asphalt, paper and machine industry. International sea trade took place at the local harbour, which was deep enough to admit vessels of up to five metres (16 ft) draught at its quays. Exports included grains, oil-seeds and butter as coal, timber and iron were imported.[7] Wismar was production site for several railroad rolling stock manufacturers and since 1933 home to Norddeutsche Dornier-Werke of aircraft manufacturer Dornier.[13] On 14 May 1881 Rudolph Karstadt opened his first shop (Tuch-, Manufaktur- und Konfektionsgeschäft) of the now well established department store chain Karstadt in Wismar.[14]

During World War II, it was the location of a forced labour subcamp of the Nazi prison in Bützow-Dreibergen.[15] Wismar was heavily bombed and destroyed by Allied air raids. As the line of contact between Soviet and other Allied armies formed in Europe at the end of the war, Wismar was captured by the British 6th Airborne Division's 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion on 2 May 1945,[16] James Hill commanding, in accordance with Operation Eclipse. On 7 May 1945 British Field Marshal Montgomery and Soviet Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky met in Wismar. In accord with the Occupation Zone Agreements of the Yalta Conference Wismar became a part of the Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany on 1 July 1945, as British troops retreated and Soviet troops took control over the area.

During the 1949 to 1990 era of the German Democratic Republic, Wismar became East Germany's second-largest port, after Rostock and developed a shipbuilding industry. Although the GDR government had pledged to restore the local churches and historic sites that had been heavily bombed during the war, this commitment was for the most part not fulfilled.

After German reunification in 1990, churches and all historic buildings in the city's town center were restored, and the old towns of Wismar and Stralsund (c. 110 km or 70 mi to the east), were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. In 2011, Wismar became the capital of the district of Nordwestmecklenburg.[17]

 
View over the city

Mayors and Lord Mayors edit

  • 1919–1929: Lawyer Hans Rasp (1877–1957, SPD)
  • 1929–1933: Heinrich Brechling (1897–1959, SPD)
  • 1933–1945: Alfred Pleuger (NSDAP)
  • May 1945 – June 1945: Heinrich von Biel (independent)
  • June 1945 – August 1945: Heinz Adolf Janert (1897–1973) (independent)
  • August 1945 – 1945: Karl Keuscher (KPD)
  • September 1945 – 1945: August Wilke (KPD)
  • December 1945 – December 1950: Herbert Säverin (1906–1987) (SPD/SED)
  • January 1951 – June 1952 Erhard Holweger (1911–1976) (SED)
  • August 1953 – June 1957: Herbert Kolm (SED)
  • July 1957 – April 1969: Herbert Fiegert (SED)
  • April 1969 – November 1989: Günter Lunow (born 1926) (SED)
  • November 1989 – May 1990: Wolfram Flemming (SED), temporary
  • 1990–2010: Rosemarie Wilcken (born 1947) (SPD)
  • Since July 2010: Thomas Beyer (born 1960) (SPD)

Sights and architecture edit

 
Reconstruction of the Medieval Gothic Georgenkirche (St. George's Church) was completed in 2010.[18]

The historical old town, centered on the huge marketplace (one of the largest in northern Germany at 10,000 m2 or 110,000 sq ft), is characterized by town houses, manufacture and trading structures of the Hanseatic League, built in Brick Gothic style during the 13th to 15th centuries, 19th-century Romanesque Revival architecture and Art Nouveau houses. Distinctive buildings and military works, built during the period of Swedish control during the 17th and the 18th centuries provide another layer of cultural influence.[3]

The market square's focal point is the Wasserkunst, an elaborate wrought-iron fountain imported from Holland in 1602. The northern side of the square is occupied by the Town Hall, built in Neoclassical style from 1817 to 1819. Another notable building on the square is a Brick Gothic patrician's home (Bürgerhaus) called Alter Schwede (Old Swede), erected around 1380.

St. George's Church, the third so-named edifice on the site, dates from 1404. It had escaped major damage during most of World War II, but on 14 April 1945, three weeks before the end of the war it was badly damaged by "Blockbuster bombs" dropped by the British Royal Air Force. Reconstruction after German reunification, costing some 40 million Euros, was completed in 2010.

The 80-metre-high (260 ft) tower church of St. Mary's Church (Marienkirche) is the only remainder of the original Brick Gothic edifice, built during the first half of the 13th century. It suffered heavy damage in World War II, and was partially razed in 1960 during the East German era.

St. Mary's Church and the church of St. Nicholas (Nikolaikirche) with its very lofty vaulting, built from 1381 to 1460, serve as prime examples of Lübeck's St. Mary's Churches architectural influence on the entire region.[7]

The Fürstenhof, a richly decorated specimen of early Italian Renaissance style was once a ducal residence and served later as the seat of the municipal authorities. Built from 1552 to 1565, it was restored from 1877 to 1879. The Old School, dating from about 1300, has also been restored. The town hall, rebuilt in 1829, houses a gallery of paintings.[7] The Fine Arts Municipal Gallery Baumhaus is located in the old harbour area.

Education edit

Economy edit

Nordic Yards Wismar is a shipbuilder located in Wismar and shipbuilding has existed since 1946 at the site.

Notable people edit

 
Gottlob Frege around 1879
 
Marita Koch 1984

Wismar in art and literature edit

 
Max Schreck in Nosferatu

Twin towns – sister cities edit

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Wismar is twinned with:[19]

In addition, since 1991 there is a friendship with Halden in Norway.[20]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Kommunalwahlen in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Ergebnisse der Bürgermeisterwahlen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Landesamt für innere Verwaltung, accessed 2 August 2021.
  2. ^ "Bevölkerungsstand der Kreise, Ämter und Gemeinden 2021" (XLS) (in German). Statistisches Amt Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. 2022.
  3. ^ a b <"Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
  4. ^ Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch.
  5. ^ Niemeyer, Manfred (2012). Deutsches Ortsnamensbuch. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  6. ^ Friedrich Crull (1875). Die Rathslinie der Stadt Wismar- p. XVII ff. Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses.
  7. ^ a b c d e   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Wismar". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 754.
  8. ^ Franz Schildt (1871). Geschichte der Stadt Wismar bis zum ende des 13. jahrhunderts. E. Kuhn. pp. 83–.
  9. ^ Dumrath 1911, p. 203.
  10. ^ . Wismar-stralsund.de. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  11. ^ Philip Tober (2007). Wismar im Dreißigjährigen Krieg 1627 - 1648: Untersuchungen zur Wirtschafts-, Bau- und Sozialgeschichte. LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 53–. ISBN 978-3-8258-0101-4.
  12. ^ Gerd Giese (2001). Wismar: Portrait einer Stadt. Sutton Verlag GmbH. pp. 67–. ISBN 978-3-89702-370-3.
  13. ^ "Flugzeugbau in Wismar - Die Norddeutschen Dornierwerke". Wismar De. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  14. ^ "14. Mai 2006 - Vor 125 Jahren: Rudolph Karstadt eröffnet sein erstes Geschäft". Westdeutscher Rundfunk (in German). Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  15. ^ "Außenkommando der Strafanstalten Dreibergen-Bützow in Wismar bei den Norddeutschen Dornier-Werken". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 30 October 2021.
  16. ^ "HyperWar: The Last Offensive Chapter XIX Goetterdaemmerung". Ibiblio. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  17. ^ Sven Abrokat (1997). Politischer Umbruch und Neubeginn in Wismar von 1989 bis 1990. Krämer. ISBN 978-3-89622-016-5.
  18. ^ "Website des Förderkreises St. Georgen zu Wismar e.V." georgenkirche.de. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
  19. ^ "Städtepartnerschaften". wismar.de (in German). Wismar. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  20. ^ "Wismars Freunde in Europa: Stadt will aktiver werden". ostsee-zeitung.de (in German). Ostsee Zeitung. 29 June 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2021.

External links edit

  • Centres of Stralsund and Wismar: UNESCO Official Website
  • Official site
  • Wismar City Panoramas – Panoramic Views and Virtual Tours
  • Hochschule Wismar, University of Technology, Business and Design
  • UNESCO World Heritage Site Wismar
  • Evangelische Kirchengemeinden in Wismar 15 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine
  • Website mit historischen Bildern von Wismar
  • 17th-century account on the City

December 02, 2023
wismar, german, pronunciation, ˈvɪsmaʁ, german, wismer, officially, hanseatic, city, hansestadt, with, around, inhabitants, sixth, largest, city, northeastern, german, state, mecklenburg, vorpommern, fourth, largest, city, mecklenburg, after, rostock, schwerin. Wismar German pronunciation ˈvɪsmaʁ Low German Wismer officially the Hanseatic City of Wismar Hansestadt Wismar is with around 43 000 inhabitants the sixth largest city of the northeastern German state of Mecklenburg Vorpommern and the fourth largest city of Mecklenburg after Rostock Schwerin and Neubrandenburg The city was the third largest port city in former East Germany after Rostock and Stralsund WismarTownClockwise from top St Nicholas Church St George s Church Market Square with waterworks Old Harbour Gewolbe colorful houses in the old townFlagCoat of armsLocation of Wismar within Nordwestmecklenburg districtWismarShow map of GermanyWismarShow map of Mecklenburg VorpommernCoordinates 53 54 N 11 28 E 53 900 N 11 467 E 53 900 11 467CountryGermanyStateMecklenburg VorpommernDistrictNordwestmecklenburgGovernment Mayor 2018 25 Thomas Beyer 1 SPD Area Total41 36 km2 15 97 sq mi Elevation15 m 49 ft Population 2021 12 31 2 Total42 785 Density1 000 km2 2 700 sq mi Time zoneUTC 01 00 CET Summer DST UTC 02 00 CEST Postal codes23952 23966 23968 23970Dialling codes03841Vehicle registrationHWIWebsitewww wbr wismar wbr deWismar is located on the Bay of Wismar of the Baltic Sea directly opposite the island of Poel that separates the Bay of Wismar from the larger Bay of Mecklenburg The city lies in the middle between the two larger port cities of Lubeck in the west and Rostock in the east and the state capital of Schwerin is located south of the city on Lake Schwerin Wismar lies in the northeastern corner of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region and is the capital of the district of Northwestern Mecklenburg The city s natural harbour is protected by a promontory The uninhabited island of Walfisch lying between Wismar and the island of Poel administratively belongs to the borough of Wismar Wendorf It is estimated that Wismar was founded in 1226 under Henry Borwin I Lord of Mecklenburg from the House of Mecklenburg a German dynasty of Slavic origin also known as the Obotrites or Niklotides In 1259 the city became part of the Hanseatic League Throughout its history the city has been under control of various German states as well as the Swedish Empire It was part of Sweden from 1648 until 1803 de jure until 1903 when Sweden officially renounced its claims to the city and this Swedish chapter of the city is celebrated annually with a large Sweden Celebration From 1815 until 1918 Wismar lay in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Schwerin and later in the Free State of Mecklenburg Schwerin Wismar is a typical representative of the Hanseatic League with its city wide Brick Gothic structures and iconic gabled patrician houses and was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List alongside the historical old town of Stralsund in 2002 3 Wismar is the seat of Hochschule Wismar a university of applied sciences one of nine institutions of higher education in Mecklenburg Vorpommern With MV Werften Wismar the city is one of three cruise ship producing locations of MV Werften along with Rostock and Stralsund and the shipyard with its tall white blue hall is one of the city s largest employers St George s St Nicholas and St Mary s of which only the tower is left standing are the three iconic sacred buildings dominating the skyline of Wismar Contents 1 History 1 1 Under Swedish rule 1 2 20th century 2 Mayors and Lord Mayors 3 Sights and architecture 4 Education 5 Economy 6 Notable people 7 Wismar in art and literature 8 Twin towns sister cities 9 See also 10 References 11 External linksHistory edit nbsp Wismar in the 16th centuryThe name of the settlement was first recorded in the 12th century as Visemer Wismar 1147 1167 Wyssemaria 1229 1 4 and is probably of Slavic origin although finally disputed Wismar could have the same os origin like the german city Weimar 5 Wismar was part of the Western Slavic Obotrites territory The exact date of the city s foundation is not clear In the oldest existing document of Wismar of 1229 its civic rights are already established In 1301 Wismar came under the rule of the House of Mecklenburg 6 In 1259 Wismar joined a defensive agreement with Lubeck and Rostock in order to effectively counter the numerous Baltic pirates Subsequently more cities of the northern Holy Roman Empire would agree to cooperate as commerce and trade was increasingly coordinated and regulated These policies would provide the basis for the development of the Hanseatic League By the 13th and 14th centuries Wismar had grown into a flourishing Hanseatic trading hub and an important center of wool processing Although around 2 000 of its inhabitants perished during the plague of 1376 the town remained reasonably prosperous until the 16th century 7 8 Under Swedish rule edit Main article Swedish Wismar nbsp Siege of Wismar of 1675WismarUNESCO World Heritage Site nbsp Alter Schwede c 1380Part ofHistoric Centres of Stralsund and WismarCriteriaCultural ii ivReference1067 002Inscription2002 26th Session Area88 haBuffer zone108 haWith the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 Wismar came under the territorial control of Sweden Through the acquisition of Wismar and other dominions in the Holy Roman Empire the Kings of Sweden in their role as imperial princes were entitled to a seat in the Imperial Diet Wismar became administrative center of Wismar town and the districts of Pod and Neukloster and after 1653 the Furstenhof prince s court served as the seat of the supreme court for all Swedish dominions in the Holy Roman Empire Wismar s fortifications were extended into an effective all round defence system under the supervision of Field Marshal Erik Dahlbergh Remains of these fortifications have been preserved among other places in the Lindengarten to the east of the wall of the old city 9 10 During the Scanian War the town was besieged and captured by Danish forces in 1675 In 1803 Sweden ceded both the town and lordship to the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Schwerin for 1 258 000 Riksdalers but reserved the right of redemption after 100 years In view of this contingent right of Sweden Wismar was not represented at the diet of Mecklenburg Schwerin until 1897 In 1903 Sweden finally renounced its claims to the town Wismar still retains a few relics of its old privileges including the right to fly its own flag 7 11 12 20th century edit By the end of the 19th century Wismar s most important manufacturing branches were the production of iron and steel roofing felt asphalt paper and machine industry International sea trade took place at the local harbour which was deep enough to admit vessels of up to five metres 16 ft draught at its quays Exports included grains oil seeds and butter as coal timber and iron were imported 7 Wismar was production site for several railroad rolling stock manufacturers and since 1933 home to Norddeutsche Dornier Werke of aircraft manufacturer Dornier 13 On 14 May 1881 Rudolph Karstadt opened his first shop Tuch Manufaktur und Konfektionsgeschaft of the now well established department store chain Karstadt in Wismar 14 During World War II it was the location of a forced labour subcamp of the Nazi prison in Butzow Dreibergen 15 Wismar was heavily bombed and destroyed by Allied air raids As the line of contact between Soviet and other Allied armies formed in Europe at the end of the war Wismar was captured by the British 6th Airborne Division s 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion on 2 May 1945 16 James Hill commanding in accordance with Operation Eclipse On 7 May 1945 British Field Marshal Montgomery and Soviet Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky met in Wismar In accord with the Occupation Zone Agreements of the Yalta Conference Wismar became a part of the Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany on 1 July 1945 as British troops retreated and Soviet troops took control over the area During the 1949 to 1990 era of the German Democratic Republic Wismar became East Germany s second largest port after Rostock and developed a shipbuilding industry Although the GDR government had pledged to restore the local churches and historic sites that had been heavily bombed during the war this commitment was for the most part not fulfilled After German reunification in 1990 churches and all historic buildings in the city s town center were restored and the old towns of Wismar and Stralsund c 110 km or 70 mi to the east were listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites In 2011 Wismar became the capital of the district of Nordwestmecklenburg 17 nbsp View over the cityMayors and Lord Mayors edit1919 1929 Lawyer Hans Rasp 1877 1957 SPD 1929 1933 Heinrich Brechling 1897 1959 SPD 1933 1945 Alfred Pleuger NSDAP May 1945 June 1945 Heinrich von Biel independent June 1945 August 1945 Heinz Adolf Janert 1897 1973 independent August 1945 1945 Karl Keuscher KPD September 1945 1945 August Wilke KPD December 1945 December 1950 Herbert Saverin 1906 1987 SPD SED January 1951 June 1952 Erhard Holweger 1911 1976 SED August 1953 June 1957 Herbert Kolm SED July 1957 April 1969 Herbert Fiegert SED April 1969 November 1989 Gunter Lunow born 1926 SED November 1989 May 1990 Wolfram Flemming SED temporary 1990 2010 Rosemarie Wilcken born 1947 SPD Since July 2010 Thomas Beyer born 1960 SPD Sights and architecture edit nbsp Reconstruction of the Medieval Gothic Georgenkirche St George s Church was completed in 2010 18 The historical old town centered on the huge marketplace one of the largest in northern Germany at 10 000 m2 or 110 000 sq ft is characterized by town houses manufacture and trading structures of the Hanseatic League built in Brick Gothic style during the 13th to 15th centuries 19th century Romanesque Revival architecture and Art Nouveau houses Distinctive buildings and military works built during the period of Swedish control during the 17th and the 18th centuries provide another layer of cultural influence 3 The market square s focal point is the Wasserkunst an elaborate wrought iron fountain imported from Holland in 1602 The northern side of the square is occupied by the Town Hall built in Neoclassical style from 1817 to 1819 Another notable building on the square is a Brick Gothic patrician s home Burgerhaus called Alter Schwede Old Swede erected around 1380 St George s Church the third so named edifice on the site dates from 1404 It had escaped major damage during most of World War II but on 14 April 1945 three weeks before the end of the war it was badly damaged by Blockbuster bombs dropped by the British Royal Air Force Reconstruction after German reunification costing some 40 million Euros was completed in 2010 The 80 metre high 260 ft tower church of St Mary s Church Marienkirche is the only remainder of the original Brick Gothic edifice built during the first half of the 13th century It suffered heavy damage in World War II and was partially razed in 1960 during the East German era St Mary s Church and the church of St Nicholas Nikolaikirche with its very lofty vaulting built from 1381 to 1460 serve as prime examples of Lubeck s St Mary s Churches architectural influence on the entire region 7 The Furstenhof a richly decorated specimen of early Italian Renaissance style was once a ducal residence and served later as the seat of the municipal authorities Built from 1552 to 1565 it was restored from 1877 to 1879 The Old School dating from about 1300 has also been restored The town hall rebuilt in 1829 houses a gallery of paintings 7 The Fine Arts Municipal Gallery Baumhaus is located in the old harbour area Education editHochschule Wismar University of Technology Business and DesignEconomy editNordic Yards Wismar is a shipbuilder located in Wismar and shipbuilding has existed since 1946 at the site Notable people edit nbsp Gottlob Frege around 1879 nbsp Marita Koch 1984Klaus Stortebeker c 1360 1401 privateer Sophie of Mecklenburg Gustrow 1557 1631 queen of Denmark Bernhard Latomus 1560 1613 historian Daniel Georg Morhof 1639 1691 historian Joachim Gerstenbuttel c 1650 1721 composer Johan Henrik Scheffel 1690 1781 Swedish painter Johan Carl Wilcke 1732 1796 physicist Henricus Christophorus Christianus Wegener 1757 1799 lawyer Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann 1785 1860 historian statesman Heinrich Keil 1822 1894 philologist Theodor Martens 1822 1884 architectural and landscape painter Friedrich Bernhard Christian Maassen 1823 1900 law professor Gottlob Frege 1848 1925 mathematician logician and philosopher Marie Musaeus Higgins 1855 1926 founder of Musaeus College Colombo Franz Ziehl 1857 1926 bacteriologist Gustav Neckel 1878 1940 Germanist and Scandinavist Anton von Hohberg und Buchwald 1885 1934 Reichswehr and SS officer Helmuth Wohlthat 1893 1982 civil servant and diplomat Harald Weinrich born 1927 classical scholar scholar of Romance philology and philosopher emeritus professor of the College de France where he held the chair of Romance literature from 1992 to 1998 Heino Kleiminger 1939 2015 footballer Gunter Pleuger born 1941 diplomat and politician Klaus Grunberg born 1941 actor Peter Sykora born 1946 footballer Joachim Streich 1951 2022 football player and coach Marita Koch born 1957 track and field athlete of the GDR and Olympic champion Roswitha Eberl born 1958 canoeist Kerstin Brandt born 1961 high jumper Andreas Zachhuber born 1962 football player and coach Kathrin Haacker born 1967 Olympic champion in rowing Fiete Sykora born 1982 footballer Robert Tesche born 1987 footballerWismar in art and literature edit nbsp Max Schreck in NosferatuWismar renamed Wisborg was the setting of the 1922 silent film Nosferatu eine Symphonie des Grauens Nosferatu A Symphony of Horror This German Expressionist horror film directed by F W Murnau and starring Max Schreck as the vampire Count Orlok was partly shot in Wismar Filming began in July 1921 with exterior shots in Wismar A take from the Marienkirche s Saint Mary s Church tower over Wismar marketplace with the Wasserkunst Wismar waterworks fountain served as the establishing shot for the Wisborg scene Other locations included the Wassertor Water Gate the southside of St Nicholas the Heilig Geist Kirche Holy Spirit Church and the harbour area Wismar was also the setting of Werner Herzog s 1979 remake Nosferatu Phantom der Nacht However Herzog unable to film in Wismar relocated his production to the cities of Delft and Schiedam in the Netherlands The 2000 metafiction horror film Shadow of the Vampire directed by E Elias Merhige which depicts the filming of the 1922 silent movie also takes place in Wismar Twin towns sister cities editSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany Wismar is twinned with 19 nbsp Kemi Finland 1959 nbsp Aalborg Denmark 1963 nbsp Calais France 1971 nbsp Lubeck Germany 1987 nbsp Kalmar Sweden 2002 nbsp Pogradec Albania 2019 In addition since 1991 there is a friendship with Halden in Norway 20 See also editState Museum of Technology outside of Wismar References editThis article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Wismar news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Kommunalwahlen in Mecklenburg Vorpommern Ergebnisse der Burgermeisterwahlen Mecklenburg Vorpommern Landesamt fur innere Verwaltung accessed 2 August 2021 Bevolkerungsstand der Kreise Amter und Gemeinden 2021 XLS in German Statistisches Amt Mecklenburg Vorpommern 2022 a b lt Historic Centres of Stralsund and Wismar UNESCO World Heritage Centre United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization Retrieved 27 August 2022 Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch Niemeyer Manfred 2012 Deutsches Ortsnamensbuch Berlin De Gruyter Friedrich Crull 1875 Die Rathslinie der Stadt Wismar p XVII ff Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses a b c d e nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Wismar Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 28 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 754 Franz Schildt 1871 Geschichte der Stadt Wismar bis zum ende des 13 jahrhunderts E Kuhn pp 83 Dumrath 1911 p 203 Swedish era Zwei Stadte Ein Erbe Wismar stralsund de Archived from the original on 2 February 2014 Retrieved 5 January 2021 Philip Tober 2007 Wismar im Dreissigjahrigen Krieg 1627 1648 Untersuchungen zur Wirtschafts Bau und Sozialgeschichte LIT Verlag Munster pp 53 ISBN 978 3 8258 0101 4 Gerd Giese 2001 Wismar Portrait einer Stadt Sutton Verlag GmbH pp 67 ISBN 978 3 89702 370 3 Flugzeugbau in Wismar Die Norddeutschen Dornierwerke Wismar De Retrieved 4 January 2021 14 Mai 2006 Vor 125 Jahren Rudolph Karstadt eroffnet sein erstes Geschaft Westdeutscher Rundfunk in German Retrieved 6 January 2021 Aussenkommando der Strafanstalten Dreibergen Butzow in Wismar bei den Norddeutschen Dornier Werken Bundesarchiv de in German Retrieved 30 October 2021 HyperWar The Last Offensive Chapter XIX Goetterdaemmerung Ibiblio Retrieved 4 January 2021 Sven Abrokat 1997 Politischer Umbruch und Neubeginn in Wismar von 1989 bis 1990 Kramer ISBN 978 3 89622 016 5 Website des Forderkreises St Georgen zu Wismar e V georgenkirche de Retrieved 22 March 2018 Stadtepartnerschaften wismar de in German Wismar Retrieved 17 February 2021 Wismars Freunde in Europa Stadt will aktiver werden ostsee zeitung de in German Ostsee Zeitung 29 June 2018 Retrieved 17 February 2021 nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Dumrath Oskar Henrik 1911 Sweden In Chisholm Hugh ed Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 26 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 188 221 External links editWismar at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Definitions from Wiktionary nbsp Media from Commons nbsp News from Wikinews nbsp Quotations from Wikiquote nbsp Texts from Wikisource nbsp Textbooks from Wikibooks nbsp Resources from Wikiversity nbsp Travel information from Wikivoyage Centres of Stralsund and Wismar UNESCO Official Website Official site Wismar City Panoramas Panoramic Views and Virtual Tours Hochschule Wismar University of Technology Business and Design UNESCO World Heritage Site Wismar Evangelische Kirchengemeinden in Wismar Archived 15 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine Website mit historischen Bildern von Wismar 17th century account on the City Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wismar amp oldid 1182358723, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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