Wi Man (in Korean) or Wei Man (in Chinese) was a Chinese military general and monarch. He was originally a military leader of the Chinese Kingdom of Yan.[note 1] When king Lu Wan of Yan was defeated by the Han in 195 BCE, Wi Man fled to Gojoseon in north-western Korea and later usurped power from its king in 194 BCE, establishing Wiman Joseon. Recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian and the Book of Han, Wiman was the first ruler in the history of Korea to have been recorded in documents from the same time period.
After Emperor Gaozu of Han suppressed the rebellion of Zang Tu, king of Yan, he appointed general Lu Wan as Yan's new king. In 196 BC, Emperor Gaozu suspected Lu Wan of plotting rebellion and ordered an attack against Yan. Lu Wan fled to the Xiongnu while his general Wiman (Wei Man) led a thousand followers east to Gojoseon.[1] He was initially ordered to fortify Gojoseon's northwestern border by King Jun of Gojoseon, however with the help of Yan refugees, Wiman usurped the throne (194~180 BCE). King Jun fled to Jin and called himself the "King of Han."
Wiman's capital of Gojoseon was Wanggeom-seong, generally identified as Pyongyang.[2] Since the Han dynasty was not completely stabilized yet, the governor of Liaodong appointed Wiman as an outer subject, provided that he did not prevent natives going up to the empire. The appointment is dated at 191 or 192 BCE.[3] Having superior military strength, Wiman Joseon was able to subjugate the state of Jinbeon (진번, 眞番) and Imdun (임둔, 臨屯), vastly extending its borders. His kingdom was eventually conquered by Emperor Wu of Han in 108 BCE during the reign of Ugeo of Gojoseon.
Familyedit
Son and successor: name not recorded, second king of Wiman Joseon
^Lee, Ki-baik: Walled-Town States and Confederated Kingdoms. The New History of Korea, page 16-17. Harvard University Press, 1984
^Concerning controversy over the location of Lelang Commandery, there is a minority view that Wiman's domain was located in Liaoning instead of north-western Korea. However, it is generally accepted that the river referred to as "Majasu" (마자수, 馬訾水) refers to the Yalu River and "Paesu" (패수, 浿水) refers to the Yalu River or Ch'ongch'on River or Daling River, and that Wiman's territory was bordered on the north by the Han Dynasty. P'yŏngyang is the most likely site for the capital Wanggeom-seong but lacks archaeological evidence. For more information, see (Tani:1987).
Peterson, Mark (2009). Brief History of Korea. Infobase Publishing. p. 6. ISBN978-1-4381-2738-5.
"The term was used again by a refugee from the Han dynasty named Wiman, who about 200 B.C.E. set up a kingdom in Korea called Wiman Choson."
Cotterell, Arthur (2011). Asia: A Concise History. Wiley. ISBN978-0470825044.
"The earliest documented event in Korean history involves China. After an unsuccessful rising against the first Han emperor Gaozu, the defeated rebels sought refuge beyond the imperial frontier and one of them Wiman, took control of Choson, a Korean state in the north of the peninsula."
Kim, Jinwung (2012). A History of Korea: From "Land of the Morning Calm" to States in Conflict. Indiana University Press. p. 10. ISBN978-0253000248.
"For instance, Wiman, a refugee from the Yan dynasty, which then existed around present-day Beijing, led his band of more than 1,000 followers into exile in Old Chosŏn in the early second century bc."
Tennant, Roger (1996). History Of Korea. Routledge. p. 18. ISBN978-0710305329.
"Retaliation by the Han then brought in refugees from Yan, the most notable of whom was a war lord, Weiman ('Wiman'in Korean), who somewhere about 200 BC led his followers into the territory held by Choson."
Xu, Stella Yingzi (2007). That glorious ancient history of our nation. University of California, Los Angeles. p. 220. ISBN9780549440369.
"Here, Wiman was described as a "Gu Yanren 故燕人"or a person from former Yan. It is confusing because there were two Yans around this period. The first was the Yan state, which was one of the seven states during the Warring States period, and the second was the vassal state of Yan of the Han dynasty."
Sourcesedit
Mikami Tsugio 三上次男: Kodai no seihoku Chōsen to Ei-shi Chōsen koku no seiji, shakaiteki seikaku 古代の西北朝鮮と衛氏朝鮮国の政治・社会的性格, Kodai Tōhoku Ajiashi Kenkyū 古代東北アジア史研究, pp. 3-22, 1966.
Ibaragi Kazuo 荊木計男: Ei Man Chōsen ō Sakuhō ni tsuite 衛満朝鮮冊封について, Chōsen Gakuhō 朝鮮学報 (Journal of the Academic Association of Koreanology in Japan) Vol. 113, pp.1-25, 1984.
Tani Toyonobu 谷豊信: Rakurō-gun no ichi 楽浪郡の位置, Chōsen shi kenkyūkai ronbunshū 朝鮮史研究会論文集 (Bulletin of Society for Study in Korean History), No 24, pp. 23-45, 1987.
wiman, gojoseon, wiman, redirects, here, other, uses, wiman, disambiguation, redirects, here, taiwanese, actress, mandy, confused, with, korean, chinese, chinese, military, general, monarch, originally, military, leader, chinese, kingdom, note, when, king, def. Wiman redirects here For other uses see Wiman disambiguation Wei Man redirects here For the Taiwanese actress see Mandy Wei Not to be confused with Wee Man Wi Man in Korean or Wei Man in Chinese was a Chinese military general and monarch He was originally a military leader of the Chinese Kingdom of Yan note 1 When king Lu Wan of Yan was defeated by the Han in 195 BCE Wi Man fled to Gojoseon in north western Korea and later usurped power from its king in 194 BCE establishing Wiman Joseon Recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian and the Book of Han Wiman was the first ruler in the history of Korea to have been recorded in documents from the same time period Wi Man衛滿위만King of Wiman JoseonReign194 BCE UnknownSuccessorUnknownHouseWiWiman of GojoseonChinese nameTraditional Chinese衛滿Simplified Chinese卫满TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinWei MǎnWade GilesWei4 Man3Korean nameHangul위만Hanja衛滿TranscriptionsRevised RomanizationWi ManMcCune ReischauerWi Man Contents 1 Biography 2 Family 3 References 4 Notes 5 SourcesBiography edit nbsp Gojoseon at its decline in 108 BCEAfter Emperor Gaozu of Han suppressed the rebellion of Zang Tu king of Yan he appointed general Lu Wan as Yan s new king In 196 BC Emperor Gaozu suspected Lu Wan of plotting rebellion and ordered an attack against Yan Lu Wan fled to the Xiongnu while his general Wiman Wei Man led a thousand followers east to Gojoseon 1 He was initially ordered to fortify Gojoseon s northwestern border by King Jun of Gojoseon however with the help of Yan refugees Wiman usurped the throne 194 180 BCE King Jun fled to Jin and called himself the King of Han Wiman s capital of Gojoseon was Wanggeom seong generally identified as Pyongyang 2 Since the Han dynasty was not completely stabilized yet the governor of Liaodong appointed Wiman as an outer subject provided that he did not prevent natives going up to the empire The appointment is dated at 191 or 192 BCE 3 Having superior military strength Wiman Joseon was able to subjugate the state of Jinbeon 진번 眞番 and Imdun 임둔 臨屯 vastly extending its borders His kingdom was eventually conquered by Emperor Wu of Han in 108 BCE during the reign of Ugeo of Gojoseon Family editSon and successor name not recorded second king of Wiman Joseon Grandson Ugeo 右渠 last king of Wiman Joseon Great grandson Wi Jang 衛長 References edit Lee Ki baik Walled Town States and Confederated Kingdoms The New History of Korea page 16 17 Harvard University Press 1984 Concerning controversy over the location of Lelang Commandery there is a minority view that Wiman s domain was located in Liaoning instead of north western Korea However it is generally accepted that the river referred to as Majasu 마자수 馬訾水 refers to the Yalu River and Paesu 패수 浿水 refers to the Yalu River or Ch ongch on River or Daling River and that Wiman s territory was bordered on the north by the Han Dynasty P yŏngyang is the most likely site for the capital Wanggeom seong but lacks archaeological evidence For more information see Tani 1987 Ibaragi 1984 Notes edit Peterson Mark 2009 Brief History of Korea Infobase Publishing p 6 ISBN 978 1 4381 2738 5 The term was used again by a refugee from the Han dynasty named Wiman who about 200 B C E set up a kingdom in Korea called Wiman Choson Cotterell Arthur 2011 Asia A Concise History Wiley ISBN 978 0470825044 The earliest documented event in Korean history involves China After an unsuccessful rising against the first Han emperor Gaozu the defeated rebels sought refuge beyond the imperial frontier and one of them Wiman took control of Choson a Korean state in the north of the peninsula Kim Jinwung 2012 A History of Korea From Land of the Morning Calm to States in Conflict Indiana University Press p 10 ISBN 978 0253000248 For instance Wiman a refugee from the Yan dynasty which then existed around present day Beijing led his band of more than 1 000 followers into exile in Old Chosŏn in the early second century bc Tennant Roger 1996 History Of Korea Routledge p 18 ISBN 978 0710305329 Retaliation by the Han then brought in refugees from Yan the most notable of whom was a war lord Weiman Wiman in Korean who somewhere about 200 BC led his followers into the territory held by Choson Xu Stella Yingzi 2007 That glorious ancient history of our nation University of California Los Angeles p 220 ISBN 9780549440369 Here Wiman was described as a Gu Yanren 故燕人 or a person from former Yan It is confusing because there were two Yans around this period The first was the Yan state which was one of the seven states during the Warring States period and the second was the vassal state of Yan of the Han dynasty Sources editMikami Tsugio 三上次男 Kodai no seihoku Chōsen to Ei shi Chōsen koku no seiji shakaiteki seikaku 古代の西北朝鮮と衛氏朝鮮国の政治 社会的性格 Kodai Tōhoku Ajiashi Kenkyu 古代東北アジア史研究 pp 3 22 1966 Ibaragi Kazuo 荊木計男 Ei Man Chōsen ō Sakuhō ni tsuite 衛満朝鮮冊封について Chōsen Gakuhō 朝鮮学報 Journal of the Academic Association of Koreanology in Japan Vol 113 pp 1 25 1984 Tani Toyonobu 谷豊信 Rakurō gun no ichi 楽浪郡の位置 Chōsen shi kenkyukai ronbunshu 朝鮮史研究会論文集 Bulletin of Society for Study in Korean History No 24 pp 23 45 1987 Wiman of GojoseonHouse of WiRegnal titlesPreceded byJun of Gojoseon King of Gojseon194 BC c 161 BC UnknownNext known title holder Ugeo Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wiman of Gojoseon amp oldid 1215701305, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
