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William Henry Chamberlin (February 17, 1897 – September 12, 1969) was an American historian and journalist. He was the author of several books about the Cold War, communism, and foreign policy, including The Russian Revolution 1917-1921 (1935), which was written in Russia between 1922 and 1934 while he was the Moscow correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor.
He had communist views until he lived in the Soviet Union, when he gradually turned anticommunist. He predicted that intervention in World War II would help communism in Europe and in Asia and so he was a non-interventionist.
Chamberlin arrived in the Soviet Union as a young man and soon found work with the Christian Science Monitor for which he would work until 1940. He also acted as Moscow correspondent for the Manchester Guardian. He was initially a Marxist and a support of the communist revolution. During his stay, he changed to being a critic. His first book, Soviet Russia, published in 1930, detailed the policies of the New Economic Policy and was on the whole supportive of the changes brought by the Russian Revolution.[citation needed]
However, even then, Chamberlin had his doubts. Toward the end of his stay, he became convinced of the errors of Communist policy. He met his Ukrainian-born wife, Sonya, in the United States, where she and her family had immigrated, visited the Ukraine and the North Caucasus in 1932 and 1933. They witnessed the Holodomor famines, which were produced by forced collectivization.[1]
Turn to anticommunismEdit
After leaving the Soviet Union, Chamberlin went to Germany and his experiences with Nazism further convinced him of the dangers of collectivism and absolutism in general. He became more convinced of the importance of individual rights and of the value of the US Bill of Rights. He was posted by the Monitor to East Asia, and he wrote Japan Over Asia, which was based on what he learned there about Japanese militarism. He was transferred to France.[1]
After returning to the US, Chamberlin lived in Washington, D.C., and then in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Much of his later work was aimed at criticizing communism, socialism, and other forms of collectivism. He continued to write both scholarly books and more popular articles. His The Confessions of an Individualist was an autobiography that was published in 1940, shortly before his collaboration with Russian Review, which was to last until his death from a stroke 28 years later.[1]
Chamberlin believed that the British Empire and the United States should stay out of World War II to prevent communism from spreading in either Europe or Asia since he viewed Germany and Japan as valuable barriers.
BooksEdit
Soviet Russia: A Living Record and a History Little, Brown & Company, 1930.
Russia's Iron Age (1934).
The Russian Revolution 1917-1921 (1935).
Collectivism: A False Utopia (1937).
The Confessions of an Individualist (1940).
The World's Iron Age (The Macmillan Company, New York) 1941.
Canada, Today and Tomorrow (1942).
The Russian Enigma (1943).
The Ukraine: A Submerged Nation (The Macmillan Company, New York) 1944.
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October 20, 2023
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For the Mormon philosopher see William Henry Chamberlin philosopher This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources William Henry Chamberlin news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2023 William Henry Chamberlin February 17 1897 September 12 1969 was an American historian and journalist He was the author of several books about the Cold War communism and foreign policy including The Russian Revolution 1917 1921 1935 which was written in Russia between 1922 and 1934 while he was the Moscow correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor William Henry ChamberlinBorn 1897 02 17 February 17 1897Brooklyn New YorkDiedSeptember 12 1969 1969 09 12 aged 72 OccupationAuthorJournalistNationalityAmericanHe had communist views until he lived in the Soviet Union when he gradually turned anticommunist He predicted that intervention in World War II would help communism in Europe and in Asia and so he was a non interventionist Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Communism 3 Turn to anticommunism 4 Books 5 Notes 6 SourcesEarly life and education EditChamberlin was born in Brooklyn and educated in Pennsylvania schools and later at Haverford College At 25 he moved to Greenwich Village and was deeply affected by the cultural bohemianism and Bolshevik politics there He worked for Heywood Broun the book editor of the New York Tribune He also published under the pseudonym of A C Freeman and was a socialist pacifist who supported communism in the Soviet Union 1 Communism EditChamberlin arrived in the Soviet Union as a young man and soon found work with the Christian Science Monitor for which he would work until 1940 He also acted as Moscow correspondent for the Manchester Guardian He was initially a Marxist and a support of the communist revolution During his stay he changed to being a critic His first book Soviet Russia published in 1930 detailed the policies of the New Economic Policy and was on the whole supportive of the changes brought by the Russian Revolution citation needed However even then Chamberlin had his doubts Toward the end of his stay he became convinced of the errors of Communist policy He met his Ukrainian born wife Sonya in the United States where she and her family had immigrated visited the Ukraine and the North Caucasus in 1932 and 1933 They witnessed the Holodomor famines which were produced by forced collectivization 1 Turn to anticommunism EditAfter leaving the Soviet Union Chamberlin went to Germany and his experiences with Nazism further convinced him of the dangers of collectivism and absolutism in general He became more convinced of the importance of individual rights and of the value of the US Bill of Rights He was posted by the Monitor to East Asia and he wrote Japan Over Asia which was based on what he learned there about Japanese militarism He was transferred to France 1 After returning to the US Chamberlin lived in Washington D C and then in Cambridge Massachusetts Much of his later work was aimed at criticizing communism socialism and other forms of collectivism He continued to write both scholarly books and more popular articles His The Confessions of an Individualist was an autobiography that was published in 1940 shortly before his collaboration with Russian Review which was to last until his death from a stroke 28 years later 1 Chamberlin believed that the British Empire and the United States should stay out of World War II to prevent communism from spreading in either Europe or Asia since he viewed Germany and Japan as valuable barriers Books EditSoviet Russia A Living Record and a History Little Brown amp Company 1930 Russia s Iron Age 1934 The Russian Revolution 1917 1921 1935 Collectivism A False Utopia 1937 The Confessions of an Individualist 1940 The World s Iron Age The Macmillan Company New York 1941 Canada Today and Tomorrow 1942 The Russian Enigma 1943 The Ukraine A Submerged Nation The Macmillan Company New York 1944 America Partner in World Rule Vanguard Press 1945 Blueprint for World Conquest 1946 The European Cockpit The Macmillan Company New York City 1947 America s Second Crusade Chicago Regnery 1950 The Evolution of a Conservative 1959 Appeasement Road to War 1962 The German Phoenix 1965 Beyond Containment Chicago Regnery 1983 Japan Over Asia Soviet Planned Economic Order World Order or ChaosNotes Edit a b c d Mohrenschild D von William Henry Chamberlin 1897 1969 obituary Russian Review Vol 29 No 1 January 1970 pp 1 5Sources EditWilliam Henry Chamberlin Archive at Marxists org Mohrenschild D von William Henry Chamberlin 1897 1969 obituary Russian Review Vol 29 No 1 Jan 1970 pp 1 5 Guide to the William Henry Chamberlin papers at Providence College nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to William Henry Chamberlin Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William Henry Chamberlin amp oldid 1180512932, 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