Its chief characteristic is its open airy clumps of yellow flowers. Each "flower" is actually a composite flower, consisting of 4–5 petal-like flowers (strap or ray flowers), each approximately 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) in length. There are no disc flowers. Lactuca muralis grows about 2–4 feet (0.6–1.2 m) tall with the lower leaves pinnately toothed and clasping.
Lactuca muralis is slender, hairless herb[2] growing from 25 to 150 cm (10 to 59 in) tall. It often has purplish stems, and exudes a milky juice.
The lower leaves are lyre shaped, pinnate shaped. The lobes are triangular in shape, the terminal lobe being the largest.[4] The upper leaves are stalkless, smaller and less lobed. All leaves are red tinged.[5]
The achenes are short beaked, spindle shaped and black. The pappus has simple white hairs,[2] the inner longer than the outer.
The flower heads are yellow, small with only 4–5 yellow ray florets.[6][2] 1 cm (1⁄2 in) wide more or less, on branches 90 degrees to the main stem, in loose panicle.[7] It flowers from June until September.[8]
Lactuca muralis is a native of Europe but has invaded shady roadsides, paths and logged areas of the Pacific Northwest[11] and New England[12] It has become naturalized in parts of Northern Ireland as long ago as 1913.[13] It was first recorded in The Burren, where it is now frequent, in 1939.[14]
It can be found in woodlands, especially Beech.[7] It is also found in calcareous soils, and walls.
^ abcdParnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. ISBN978-185918-4783
^Altervista Flora Italiana, Lactuca muralis (L.) Gaertn. includes photos and European distribution map
^Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968 Excursion Flora of the British Isles Second Edition. ISBN0-521-04656-4 Cambridge
^Blamey, Fitter, Fitter, Marjorie, Richard, Alistair (2003). Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland. A & C Black - London. pp. 302–303. ISBN0-7136-5944-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Sterry, Paul (2006). Complete British Wild Flowers. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. pp. 212–213. ISBN978-0-00-781484-8.
^ abWebb, D.A., Parnell, J. and Doogue. D. 1996. An Irish Flora. Dundalgan Press (W. Tempest) Ltd. ISBN0 85221 131 7
^Martin, W.K.1965. The Concise British Flora in Colour Ebury Press
^Archibald William Smith Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins&pg=PA160 Lactuca muralis, p. 160, at Google Books
^Turner and Gustafson, Wildflowers of the Pacific Northwest.
^"Mycelis muralis (wall-lettuce)". Go Botany. New England Wildflower Society. Retrieved 2018-06-24..
^Hackney, P. Ed. 1992. Stewart and Corry's Flora of the North-east of Ireland. Institute of Irish Studies and The Queen's University of Belfast. ISBN0 85389 446 9(HB)
^"Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora:Mycelis muralis". Biological Records centre and Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
Media related to Mycelis muralis at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Lactuca muralis at Wikispecies
May 03, 2024
lactuca, muralis, wall, lettuce, perennial, flowering, plant, tribe, cichorieae, within, family, asteraceae, also, referred, mycelis, muralis, scientific, classification, kingdom, plantae, clade, tracheophytes, clade, angiosperms, clade, eudicots, clade, aster. Lactuca muralis the wall lettuce is a perennial flowering plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae also referred to as Mycelis muralis 2 3 Lactuca muralis Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Asterids Order Asterales Family Asteraceae Genus Lactuca Species L muralis Binomial name Lactuca muralis L Gaertn 1791 not Fresen 1832 Synonyms 1 Prenanthes muralis L 1753 Lactuca muralis Fresen Mycelis muralis L Dumort Cicerbita muralis L Wallr Phaenopus muralis L Coss amp Germ Its chief characteristic is its open airy clumps of yellow flowers Each flower is actually a composite flower consisting of 4 5 petal like flowers strap or ray flowers each approximately 5 7 mm 0 20 0 28 in in length There are no disc flowers Lactuca muralis grows about 2 4 feet 0 6 1 2 m tall with the lower leaves pinnately toothed and clasping Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Distribution and ecology 4 ReferencesDescription edit nbsp Lactuca muralis is slender hairless herb 2 growing from 25 to 150 cm 10 to 59 in tall It often has purplish stems and exudes a milky juice The lower leaves are lyre shaped pinnate shaped The lobes are triangular in shape the terminal lobe being the largest 4 The upper leaves are stalkless smaller and less lobed All leaves are red tinged 5 The achenes are short beaked spindle shaped and black The pappus has simple white hairs 2 the inner longer than the outer The flower heads are yellow small with only 4 5 yellow ray florets 6 2 1 cm 1 2 in wide more or less on branches 90 degrees to the main stem in loose panicle 7 It flowers from June until September 8 Lactuca muralis is similar to Lactuca serriola L and Lactuca virosa L but clearly distinguished by having only 5 florets 9 Taxonomy editThe specific Latin epithet muralis is interpreted as growing on walls 10 Distribution and ecology editLactuca muralis is a native of Europe but has invaded shady roadsides paths and logged areas of the Pacific Northwest 11 and New England 12 It has become naturalized in parts of Northern Ireland as long ago as 1913 13 It was first recorded in The Burren where it is now frequent in 1939 14 It can be found in woodlands especially Beech 7 It is also found in calcareous soils and walls References edit Lactuca muralis Tropicos Missouri Botanical Garden a b c d Parnell J and Curtis T 2012 Webb s An Irish Flora Cork University Press ISBN 978 185918 4783 Altervista Flora Italiana Lactuca muralis L Gaertn includes photos and European distribution map Clapham A R Tutin T G and Warburg E F 1968 Excursion Flora of the British Isles Second Edition ISBN 0 521 04656 4 Cambridge Blamey Fitter Fitter Marjorie Richard Alistair 2003 Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland A amp C Black London pp 302 303 ISBN 0 7136 5944 0 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Sterry Paul 2006 Complete British Wild Flowers HarperCollins Publishers Ltd pp 212 213 ISBN 978 0 00 781484 8 a b Webb D A Parnell J and Doogue D 1996 An Irish Flora Dundalgan Press W Tempest Ltd ISBN 0 85221 131 7 Rose Francis 1981 The Wild Flower Key Frederick Warne amp Co pp 390 391 ISBN 0 7232 2419 6 Martin W K 1965 The Concise British Flora in Colour Ebury Press Archibald William Smith Gardener s Handbook of Plant Names Their Meanings and Origins amp pg PA160 Lactuca muralis p 160 at Google Books Turner and Gustafson Wildflowers of the Pacific Northwest Mycelis muralis wall lettuce Go Botany New England Wildflower Society Retrieved 2018 06 24 Hackney P Ed 1992 Stewart and Corry s Flora of the North east of Ireland Institute of Irish Studies and The Queen s University of Belfast ISBN 0 85389 446 9 HB Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora Mycelis muralis Biological Records centre and Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Retrieved 18 June 2020 nbsp Media related to Mycelis muralis at Wikimedia Commons nbsp Data related to Lactuca muralis at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lactuca muralis amp oldid 1150020359, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
