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Wikipedia

WTHR

WTHR (channel 13) is a television station in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Tegna Inc. alongside low-power, Class A MeTV affiliate WALV-CD (channel 46). Both stations share studios on North Meridian Street (south of I-65) in downtown Indianapolis, while WTHR's transmitter is located near Ditch Road and West 96th Street in Carmel.

WTHR

Channels
Branding
  • WTHR Channel 13;[1] 13 News
  • MeTV Indianapolis (on DT3)
Programming
Affiliations
Ownership
Owner
WALV-CD[1]
History
First air date
October 30, 1957 (65 years ago) (1957-10-30)
Former call signs
WLWI (1957–1976)[2]
Former channel number(s)
  • Analog:
  • 13 (VHF, 1957–2009)
  • Digital:
  • 46 (UHF, 1998–2009)
  • ABC (1957–1979)
  • NET (per program, 1969–1970)
Call sign meaning
"Thirteen"
Technical information
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID70162
ERP42.1 kW
77 kW (application)
HAAT299 m (981 ft)
Transmitter coordinates39°55′43″N 86°10′55″W / 39.92861°N 86.18194°W / 39.92861; -86.18194
Links
Public license information
  • Public file
  • LMS
Websitewww.wthr.com

History Edit

WLWI Edit

The station first signed on the air on October 30, 1957, as WLWI. Founded by the Crosley Broadcasting Corporation, it originally operated as an ABC affiliate,[3][4] taking the affiliation from Bloomington-licensed WTTV (channel 4, now a CBS affiliate), which had affiliated with the network one year earlier. WLWI was an ABC affiliate for the next 22 years. It also made an arrangement with National Educational Television to carry the first season of Sesame Street until WFYI, the PBS member station in Indianapolis, signed on in 1970.[5]

WLWI was one of four Crosley stations that made up the WLW Television Network. The other stations, all in Ohio, were the regional network's flagship WLWT in Cincinnati, WLWC (now WCMH-TV) in Columbus, and WLWD (now WDTN) in Dayton. Crosley also owned WLW radio in Cincinnati, WLWA (now WXIA-TV) in Atlanta, and WOAI-TV in San Antonio. Channel 13 and its sister stations in Ohio, interconnected via microwave link, shared common programming such as The Ruth Lyons 50-50 Club, The Bob Braun Show, The Paul Dixon Show, Midwestern Hayride, The Phil Donahue Show, and Cincinnati Reds baseball game telecasts, and had similar on-air branding which reflected their connection to each other. Channel 13 called itself "WLW-I" to highlight its association with WLW radio, a 50,000-watt clear channel station whose daytime signal reached portions of the Indianapolis area.[citation needed]

From 1957 to 1962, the station was tied up in one of the most heated licensing disputes in early television history. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) originally awarded the construction permit to build a television station on channel 13 to a group headed by Union Federal Savings and Loan president George Sadlier. However, after an appeal, the FCC reversed its decision and awarded the permit to Crosley. One of the other competitors, WIBC owner Richard Fairbanks, then sued to force new license hearings. Fairbanks contended that the FCC had erred in awarding the last VHF channel allocation in Indianapolis to a company based in Ohio when there were viable applicants based in Indiana. The suit, however, was filed too late to prevent WLWI from signing on under Crosley ownership.[citation needed]

The District of Columbia Court of Appeals overturned the FCC's decision in 1958, but allowed Crosley to continue running the station pending further action by the FCC. In 1961, the FCC awarded Fairbanks the channel 13 license, but Crosley appealed. The following year, Crosley and Fairbanks reached a deal in which Crosley traded WLWA to Fairbanks in return for being allowed to keep WLWI; both stations became sister stations in 2019 when the now-WXIA-TV owner Tegna acquired channel 13.[citation needed]

Amid this instability in ownership, WLWI found the going rather difficult. It was also dogged by a weaker network affiliation; ABC would not be on an equal footing with CBS and NBC in the ratings until the 1970s. WLWI spent most of its first 17 years of operation languishing as a third place also-ran behind NBC affiliate WFBM-TV (channel 6, now ABC affiliate WRTV) and then-CBS affiliate WISH-TV (channel 8, now a CW affiliate). In some cases, it even fell to fourth place in the local ratings behind then-independent station WTTV (despite WTTV being licensed to Bloomington and having incomplete signal coverage of the Indianapolis market at the time).[citation needed]

WTHR Edit

 
Ad placed in Indianapolis newspapers for WTHR after it switched affiliations from ABC to NBC in 1979.
 
WTHR's previous logo from 1995 to 2014.

In late 1974, Avco Broadcasting Corporation (which Crosley Broadcasting was renamed in 1968) announced it was exiting the broadcasting business in an effort to raise cash. The Wolfe family, owners of the Columbus Dispatch and WBNS-AM-FM-TV in Columbus, bought WLWI from Avco in August 1975; the Wolfes changed the station's call letters to WTHR on January 29, 1976.[2] To celebrate the callsign change, a marketing campaign was launched ("You're on Top with 13," whose jingle was composed by Al Ham). With new ownership in place, the quality of the station's programming began to improve, but WTHR remained stuck at third place in the ratings behind WISH and WRTV.[citation needed]

Meanwhile, ABC gradually rose to first place during the decade and was seeking out stronger affiliates in many markets. At the same time, NBC tumbled to last place among the "Big Three" networks. Under the circumstances, long-dominant WRTV was very receptive to an offer from ABC. WTHR and WRTV swapped networks on June 1, 1979, with channel 13 becoming the market's NBC affiliate and channel 6 becoming an ABC affiliate.[6] Before signing with WTHR, NBC also considered affiliating with the longer-established WTTV.[7] On the same day as the switch, VideoIndiana, the Dispatch subsidiary that held WTHR's license, filed a $33 million antitrust lawsuit against ABC and McGraw-Hill, alleging that WRTV's switch was closely tied to an earlier ABC affiliation deal involving McGraw-Hill's San Diego station, KGTV.[8] The switch to NBC eventually provided a major windfall for WTHR starting when the NFL's Indianapolis Colts moved from Baltimore in 1984; until NBC lost the rights to the NFL to CBS in 1998 (effectively moving the games to WISH-TV and later WTTV in 2015), WTHR aired the bulk of the team's regular season games under the AFC package. Ratings gradually improved in the 1980s with NBC's powerful prime time lineup, but not enough to get the station out of third place.[citation needed]

On April 7, 1991, WTHR participated in an experiment in which it moved NBC prime time programming one hour earlier (mirroring the scheduling of the network's prime time lineup in the Central and Mountain time zones); the half-hour late evening newscast also moved from 11:00 to 10:00 p.m. as a result.[9] (The experiment, which lasted until the fall of 1992, was succeeded by similar efforts by KRON-TV and KPIX-TV in San Francisco, and KOVR in Sacramento later in the decade, though for WTHR, was also partly done to compensate for Indiana's long-term time zone adoption issues.)

Channel 13 first saw a significant ratings boost in the mid-1990s, buoyed by NBC's stronger programming as well as improvements in its news department. It has long since left its ratings-challenged past behind, and is now one of the strongest NBC affiliates in the nation.[citation needed]

On September 2, 2007, WTHR celebrated its 50th anniversary;[10] the station used the song "Carousels (Dreaming of Tomorrow)" by Columbus-based rock band Alamoth Lane in an image campaign to promote the event (the song was also used in a market campaign by Columbus sister station WBNS to promote its upgrade to high definition newscasts).[11][12][13]

WTHR shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 13, at 12:37 a.m. on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 46 to VHF channel 13 for post-transition operations.[14][15]

In February 2009, WTHR began affiliating its third sub-channel with Universal Sports.[16] Starting in August 2009, WTHR preempted regular program on this sub-channel for a high school football or basketball game under the titles, Operation Football Live and Operation Basketball Live, with marketing support from VYPE High School Sports Magazine. These Operation had been a long time franchises for WTHR.[17] WTHR formerly operated the SkyTrak Weather Network, which was carried on WALV-CD (channel 50, now on channel 46, where the service first launched in 2000) and simulcast on digital subchannel 13.2.[18]

On December 14, 2011, the Dispatch Broadcast Group signed an agreement with MeTV to affiliate with WTHR; the station began carrying the classic television network on its second digital subchannel on January 1, 2012, replacing Universal Sports (which converted into a cable- and satellite-only network on that date).[19][20] As January 25, 2013, WALV-CD/WTHR .2 affiliated with the classic television and lifestyle network Cozi TV replacing SkyTrak Weather Network.[21]

For the 2016 Summer Olympics from August 8 to 19, some of WTHR's syndicated programming was moved to WALV and its other subchannel.[22] By May 26, 2017, WALV-CD began broadcasting MeTV, which stayed on WTHR 13.3, dropping Cozi TV programming. However, Cozi was retained by WTHR.2.[23]

Due to reception problems in parts of Central Indiana with its VHF digital signal (including in areas on the fringe of its Grade B coverage such as Bainbridge and Crawfordsville) that did not occur with stations broadcasting on the UHF band following the transition, WTHR filed a request with the FCC in June 2013 to increase its transmitter power to 77,000 watts, which would exceed the commission's maximum power limit in effect at the time.[24]

On June 11, 2019, Dispatch announced it would sell its broadcasting assets, including WTHR and WALV-CD, to Tegna Inc. for $535 million in cash. It would make WTHR and WALV-CD sister stations to ABC affiliate WHAS-TV in adjacent Louisville and would also result in Tegna owning its first station in Indiana since its predecessor company, Gannett, sold off Fort Wayne's WPTA to the now-defunct Pulitzer, Inc. in May 1983.[25] The sale was approved by the FCC on July 29,[26] and was completed on August 8.[27]

Programming Edit

Sports programming Edit

From the arrival of the Indianapolis Colts in 1984 until 1997, WTHR (through NBC's rights to AFC games) aired regular season games televised locally with WISH-TV (channel 8) from 1984 until 1993 (for select games televised by CBS in which the Colts play against an NFC opponent), with WRTV—until 2005—carrying non-preseason games via ABC's Monday Night Football on occasions when a game involving the Colts was scheduled.

Since 2006, regular season games currently televised over-the-air locally are split between WISH (from 1998 to 2014), and since 2015 WTTV (channel 4, through CBS' rights to the team's AFC affiliation), WXIN (channel 59, for select games televised by Fox in which the Colts play host to an NFC opponent at home since 1994, or since 2014, any games moved from WTTV via the new 'cross-flex' broadcast rules), with WTHR carrying non-preseason games and select Colts NFL games broadcast by NBC as part of the network's Sunday Night Football package. The station also acquired the local rights to two Colts regular season games during the 2013 season between the San Diego Chargers (on October 14, which aired on ESPN's Monday Night Football—whose Colts broadcasts are normally carried over-the-air by WNDY-TV (channel 23)) and the Tennessee Titans (on November 14, which aired on NFL Network's Thursday Night Football).[28] WTHR also provided local coverage of Super Bowl XLVI, which was hosted at Lucas Oil Stadium.

From 2013 until 2016, WTHR served as an official sponsor of the Indiana Pacers and the Indiana Fever; the station displayed its on-court advertisements during all of the NBA and WNBA franchises' home games held at the Bankers Life Fieldhouse; these marked the only NBA and WNBA teams to be sponsored by an NBC-affiliated station following the loss of NBC's rights to the NBA for ABC and ESPN, and locally, WRTV in 2002; WTHR first carried Pacers games in 1990 when NBC acquired the NBA broadcast package, including the team's 2000 NBA Finals appearance. WTHR occasionally runs special editions of its newscasts or its highlight program Sports Jam to cover Pacers or Fever games.

With the transition of broadcast television rights to the Indianapolis 500 to NBC in 2019, WTHR replaced WRTV (which had carried the race since 1980) as the local broadcaster of the race, returning the race to WTHR for the first time since 1979 (when it was an ABC station). As per longstanding policies, the Indianapolis Motor Speedway will require WTHR to black out the live broadcast locally to encourage residents and tourists to attend the race, though it will allow WTHR to air the race on tape delay that night. As WRTV did, NBC's prime time schedule and the race broadcast are transposed and air in reverse order, under a special dispensation from the network. However, speedway officials have stated they would allow a live broadcast on WTHR if the race sells out before race day.[29] The 2020 race (delayed from its usual date) aired on WTHR on August 23 due to attendance restrictions put in place before August 4, when IMS owner Roger Penske announced there would be no public admission for any of the year's events due to a rise in COVID-19 cases in the state.[30]

On May 27, 2021, IMS lifted the local blackout for the Indianapolis 500 for WTHR as all 135,000 tickets were sold. The event was restricted to 40% capacity to allow for social distancing. It would be the first time the race was televised live in Indianapolis in its entirety for two consecutive years (WRTV did the same thing in 1949 and 1950, but only aired parts of the race).[31]

Beginning in 2023, WTHR will carry any Purdue and Indiana University Big Ten college football games scheduled as part of the Big Ten Saturday Night package.

News operation Edit

 
WTHR's studios in downtown Indianapolis.

WTHR presently broadcasts nearly 42 hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with seven hours each weekday, three hours on Saturdays and four hours on Sundays).

For most of its first four decades in the air, channel 13's newscasts had placed third in the ratings behind WISH and WRTV. The Wolfes made a large investment in the news department after taking over the station. Combined with NBC's prime time lineup as a lead-in, WTHR's ratings saw a modest uptick in the 1980s and early 1990s, but not enough to get it out of third place.

WTHR's newscasts surged to second place in 1996 after it hired former CBS News correspondent John Stehr as anchor of its evening newscasts around the same time that WRTV saw its ratings plummet following a botched format change. For the next three years, the station waged a pitched battle with then-dominant WISH for first place. In 1999, the station's Eyewitness News broadcasts surged past then-dominant WISH in several key timeslots, finishing in first place for the first time in its history. It eventually overtook WISH-TV for first in all news timeslots in 2002. The station's ratings lead—which WTHR emphasizes in the slogan it adopted upon taking first place full-time, "Indiana's News Leader"—began to narrow in 2010 as WISH-TV and Fox affiliate WXIN (channel 59) saw viewership gains that year as WTHR's ratings steadily decreased in certain timeslots, especially on weekday mornings. Despite decreased ratings for NBC's prime time schedule since the 2004–05 season, WTHR remains in a close battle with WISH for the #1 slot in the 11:00 p.m. timeslot.[32]

As NBC affiliates in several larger markets switched network affiliations and/or dropped the Eyewitness News format over the past three decades, WTHR was the largest NBC affiliate to use the Eyewitness News brand continuously until March 25, 2020 (KOB in Albuquerque and WBRE-TV in Wilkes-BarreScranton are the only remaining NBC affiliates to use the brand). This is based on the fact that the branding was originally synonymous with most ABC owned-and-operated stations, as well as stations owned by Westinghouse Broadcasting (or Group W) that were later acquired by CBS. The station first used the Eyewitness News format from 1969 to 1979 as an ABC affiliate (combining it with the NewsCenter format historically used by NBC stations) as Eyewitness NewsCenter 13 from 1976 to 1979, which utilized a format similar to that originated by CITY-TV in Toronto for its CityPulse newscasts) and was restored in 1995. The station debuted a weekday morning newscast titled Sunrise in September 1985; this was followed by the addition of two-hour weekend morning newscasts in 1993 (which were later retitled under the Weekend Sunrise banner), becoming the first station in the Indianapolis market to expand its morning newscasts to Saturdays and Sundays.

On March 16, 1996, WTHR began producing a nightly half-hour 10:00 p.m. newscast for UPN affiliate WNDY-TV (now a MyNetworkTV affiliate). The news share agreement with WNDY was terminated after that station was acquired by WISH-TV owner LIN TV Corporation in February 2005; on February 28 of that year, when WISH assumed production responsibilities for the WNDY newscast, WTHR began producing a 10:00 p.m. newscast for Pax TV owned-and-operated station WIPX-TV (channel 63, now an Ion Television O&O), which was cancelled five months later on June 30. In May 2005, the station added a 4:30 a.m. half-hour to the weekday edition of its Sunrise newscast[33] (this predated morning news expansions into that timeslot by many other American television stations by a few years).

On November 12, 2006, beginning with the 11:00 p.m. newscast, WTHR became the first television station in Indiana to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition. The station's news set at the time, which was built in 1997 with an eventual conversion to HD broadcasts in mind, underwent a refresh as part of the upgrade. Much of WTHR's field video continued to be shot in pillarboxed 4:3 standard definition until October 2, 2007, when all video recorded and broadcast live outside the studio began to be broadcast in widescreen;[34] video recorded by the station's news crews is shot, edited and broadcast in the 1080i resolution.

In June 2011, WTHR began offering newscast segments for free streaming on the Roku digital video player.[35] On February 24, 2014, the station expanded its weekday morning newscast by a half-hour to 4:00 a.m.[36] On June 23, 2014, The Indianapolis Star announced that it would end its content partnership with WTHR, and enter into a new content agreement with Fox affiliate WXIN beginning on August 1.[37]

 
Reporter Scott Swan interviewing Conley Stamper at the 2015 Indianapolis 500

On March 25, 2020, WTHR adopted Tegna's standardized news graphics and "C Clarity" theme, seven months after Tegna acquired the station, now as 13 News.

Awards and honors Edit

WTHR has received national honors for its news reporting over the years, including Peabody Awards for two 2006 reports, "Cause for Alarm" (an investigation into faulty tornado sirens in Indiana) and "Prescription Privacy" (an investigation of improper disposal of personal pharmacy records);[38] WTHR also earned a third Peabody for 2010's "Reality Check: Where Are the Jobs?", which revealed grossly exaggerated job creation claims made by the Indiana Economic Development Corporation.[39] "Investigating the IRS", an investigative series which exposed how illegal immigrants fraudulently received billions of dollars in tax refunds and the IRS's failure to stop it once the fraud was discovered, earned WTHR a fourth national Peabody Award in 2013.[40] "Charity Caught on Camera",[41] a report on corruption at a local nonprofit, and "Dangerous Exposure",[42] a report on how lax agency oversight allowed companies to leak poison into groundwater in residential areas, won the station two Peabody awards in 2016.

The station earned two national Edward R. Murrow Awards from the Radio and Television News Directors Association (RTNDA) in 2011, in the "Overall Excellence" and "Investigative Series" categories.[43] In 2012, WTHR earned two Murrow Awards for its breaking news coverage of the Indiana State Fair stage collapse and in the spot news category, which was given to WTHR videographer Steve Rhodes.[44]

Notable current on-air staff Edit

Notable former on-air staff Edit

Subchannels Edit

The station's digital signal is multiplexed:

Subchannels of WTHR[1]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
13.1 1080i 16:9 WTHR-HD Main WTHR programming / NBC
13.2 480i Dabl Dabl
13.3 MeTV MeTV (WALV-CD)
13.4 Crime True Crime Network
13.5 Quest Quest
13.6 Circle Circle
  Simulcast of subchannels of another station

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c "Digital TV Market Listing for WTHR". RabbitEars.Info. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  2. ^ a b .Mack, Justin L. (April 8, 2019). "This is who owns each of Indianapolis' local TV stations". Indianapolis Star. USA Today Network. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  3. ^ "About WTHR". February 18, 2016.
  4. ^ "Crosley WLW-I (TV) signed as basic ABC-TV affiliate." Broadcasting, April 1, 1957, pg. 126. [1][permanent dead link]
  5. ^ Shull, Richard K. (November 8, 1969). "'Sesame' Will Open, But Took Some Doing". The Indianapolis News. Indianapolis, Indiana. p. TV 1. Retrieved October 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ "Television Schedule". Marion Chronicle-Tribune. Marion, IN. May 30, 1979.
  7. ^ "WRTV Indianapolis latest to heed ABC's siren song" (PDF). Broadcasting. December 4, 1978. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  8. ^ "In Brief" (PDF). Broadcasting. June 4, 1979. p. 30. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
  9. ^ , Indianapolis Business Journal, April 1, 1991.
  10. ^ "WTHR's 50th Anniversary promo" (FLV). WTHR-TV Indianapolis. September 2, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
  11. ^ "WBNS-TV Station Image Promo; Alamoth Lane - Carousels (Dreaming of Tomorrow)". WBNS-TV Columbus. Retrieved February 24, 2008.
  12. ^ "WBNS-TV Station Image Promo Version 1". WBNS-TV Columbus. Retrieved February 24, 2008.
  13. ^ "WBNS-TV Station Image Promo Version 2". WBNS-TV Columbus. Retrieved February 24, 2008.
  14. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 29, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
  15. ^ "FCC DTV status report for WTHR".
  16. ^ Galer, Sara (February 13, 2009). "Universal Sports Network is on the air in central Indiana!". 13 WTHR Indianapolis. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  17. ^ "WTHR and Vype High School sports magazine announce partnership". 13 WTHR Indianapolis. August 25, 2009. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  18. ^ , Indianapolis Business Journal, October 25, 1999.
  19. ^ "Me-TV Adds Denver And Indianapolis Affiliates". TV News Check. December 14, 2011. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  20. ^ [ Me-TV Adds Denver And Indianapolis Affiliates], TVNewsCheck, December 14, 2011.
  21. ^ Mills, Warren (January 25, 2013). . 13 WTHR Indianapolis. Archived from the original on May 8, 2019. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  22. ^ . 13 WTHR Indianapolis. August 3, 2016. Archived from the original on May 7, 2019. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  23. ^ . 13 WTHR Indianapolis. May 26, 2017. Archived from the original on May 7, 2019. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
  24. ^ WTHR to boost tower power on signal gripes, Indianapolis Business Journal, August 17, 2013.
  25. ^ Miller, Mark K. (June 11, 2019). "Tegna Buying Dispatch's WTHR, WBNS For $535M". TVNewsCheck. NewsCheckMedia. Retrieved June 11, 2019.
  26. ^ "Notice of Consent to Transfer" (PDF). CDBS Public Access. Federal Communications Commission. July 29, 2019. Retrieved July 30, 2019.
  27. ^ "TEGNA Completes Acquisition of Dispatch Broadcast Group's Leading, Top Ranked Stations in Indianapolis, IN and Columbus, OH". Tegna Inc. August 8, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
  28. ^ WTHR To Air Two Indianapolis Colts Games, TVNewsCheck, August 6, 2013.
  29. ^ "How IndyCar-NBC deal will affect local Indy 500 blackout". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
  30. ^ "Indianapolis 500 to air live on WTHR" (Press release). WTHR. July 22, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  31. ^ "Indy 500 to air live on WTHR Channel 13". WTHR.com. Tegna Inc. May 27, 2021. Retrieved May 28, 2021.
  32. ^ WTHR's status as TV news leader starting to erode, Indianapolis Business Journal, November 13, 2010.
  33. ^ , Indianapolis Business Journal, April 25, 2005.
  34. ^ WTHR'S 'QUICK' SWITCH TO HD TOOK 10 YEARS, TVNewsCheck, February 14, 2007.
  35. ^ . June 27, 2011. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
  36. ^ WTHR Expands Morning Newscast April 1, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, TVSpy, January 31, 2014.
  37. ^ "IndyStar, Fox59 announce new media partnership". The Indianapolis Star. June 23, 2014. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
  38. ^ 66th Annual Peabody Awards, May 2007.
  39. ^ 70th Annual Peabody Awards, May 2011.
  40. ^ 72nd Annual Peabody Awards, May 2013.
  41. ^ 76th Annual Peabody Awards, May 2017
  42. ^ 76th Annual Peabody Awards, May 2017
  43. ^ . WTHR website. June 14, 2011. Archived from the original on November 5, 2011. Retrieved June 14, 2012.
  44. ^ "WTHR-TV Honored for State Fair Tragedy Coverage, More - Indianapolis Monthly". June 18, 2012.

External links Edit

  • Official website
  • www.metvindianapolis.com - WTHR .3 ("MeTV Indianapolis") official website
  • "Listing 1024109". Antenna Structure Registration database. U.S. Federal Communications Commission.

wthr, channel, television, station, indianapolis, indiana, united, states, affiliated, with, owned, tegna, alongside, power, class, metv, affiliate, walv, channel, both, stations, share, studios, north, meridian, street, south, downtown, indianapolis, while, t. WTHR channel 13 is a television station in Indianapolis Indiana United States affiliated with NBC It is owned by Tegna Inc alongside low power Class A MeTV affiliate WALV CD channel 46 Both stations share studios on North Meridian Street south of I 65 in downtown Indianapolis while WTHR s transmitter is located near Ditch Road and West 96th Street in Carmel WTHRIndianapolis IndianaUnited StatesChannelsDigital 13 VHF Virtual 13BrandingWTHR Channel 13 1 13 NewsMeTV Indianapolis on DT3 ProgrammingAffiliations13 1 NBCfor others see SubchannelsOwnershipOwnerTegna Inc VideoIndiana Inc Sister stationsWALV CD 1 HistoryFirst air dateOctober 30 1957 65 years ago 1957 10 30 Former call signsWLWI 1957 1976 2 Former channel number s Analog 13 VHF 1957 2009 Digital 46 UHF 1998 2009 Former affiliationsABC 1957 1979 NET per program 1969 1970 Call sign meaning Thirteen Technical informationLicensing authorityFCCFacility ID70162ERP42 1 kW77 kW application HAAT299 m 981 ft Transmitter coordinates39 55 43 N 86 10 55 W 39 92861 N 86 18194 W 39 92861 86 18194LinksPublic license informationPublic fileLMSWebsitewww wbr wthr wbr com Contents 1 History 1 1 WLWI 1 2 WTHR 2 Programming 2 1 Sports programming 2 2 News operation 2 2 1 Awards and honors 2 2 2 Notable current on air staff 2 2 3 Notable former on air staff 3 Subchannels 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditWLWI Edit The station first signed on the air on October 30 1957 as WLWI Founded by the Crosley Broadcasting Corporation it originally operated as an ABC affiliate 3 4 taking the affiliation from Bloomington licensed WTTV channel 4 now a CBS affiliate which had affiliated with the network one year earlier WLWI was an ABC affiliate for the next 22 years It also made an arrangement with National Educational Television to carry the first season of Sesame Street until WFYI the PBS member station in Indianapolis signed on in 1970 5 WLWI was one of four Crosley stations that made up the WLW Television Network The other stations all in Ohio were the regional network s flagship WLWT in Cincinnati WLWC now WCMH TV in Columbus and WLWD now WDTN in Dayton Crosley also owned WLW radio in Cincinnati WLWA now WXIA TV in Atlanta and WOAI TV in San Antonio Channel 13 and its sister stations in Ohio interconnected via microwave link shared common programming such as The Ruth Lyons 50 50 Club The Bob Braun Show The Paul Dixon Show Midwestern Hayride The Phil Donahue Show and Cincinnati Reds baseball game telecasts and had similar on air branding which reflected their connection to each other Channel 13 called itself WLW I to highlight its association with WLW radio a 50 000 watt clear channel station whose daytime signal reached portions of the Indianapolis area citation needed From 1957 to 1962 the station was tied up in one of the most heated licensing disputes in early television history The Federal Communications Commission FCC originally awarded the construction permit to build a television station on channel 13 to a group headed by Union Federal Savings and Loan president George Sadlier However after an appeal the FCC reversed its decision and awarded the permit to Crosley One of the other competitors WIBC owner Richard Fairbanks then sued to force new license hearings Fairbanks contended that the FCC had erred in awarding the last VHF channel allocation in Indianapolis to a company based in Ohio when there were viable applicants based in Indiana The suit however was filed too late to prevent WLWI from signing on under Crosley ownership citation needed The District of Columbia Court of Appeals overturned the FCC s decision in 1958 but allowed Crosley to continue running the station pending further action by the FCC In 1961 the FCC awarded Fairbanks the channel 13 license but Crosley appealed The following year Crosley and Fairbanks reached a deal in which Crosley traded WLWA to Fairbanks in return for being allowed to keep WLWI both stations became sister stations in 2019 when the now WXIA TV owner Tegna acquired channel 13 citation needed Amid this instability in ownership WLWI found the going rather difficult It was also dogged by a weaker network affiliation ABC would not be on an equal footing with CBS and NBC in the ratings until the 1970s WLWI spent most of its first 17 years of operation languishing as a third place also ran behind NBC affiliate WFBM TV channel 6 now ABC affiliate WRTV and then CBS affiliate WISH TV channel 8 now a CW affiliate In some cases it even fell to fourth place in the local ratings behind then independent station WTTV despite WTTV being licensed to Bloomington and having incomplete signal coverage of the Indianapolis market at the time citation needed WTHR Edit nbsp Ad placed in Indianapolis newspapers for WTHR after it switched affiliations from ABC to NBC in 1979 nbsp WTHR s previous logo from 1995 to 2014 In late 1974 Avco Broadcasting Corporation which Crosley Broadcasting was renamed in 1968 announced it was exiting the broadcasting business in an effort to raise cash The Wolfe family owners of the Columbus Dispatch and WBNS AM FM TV in Columbus bought WLWI from Avco in August 1975 the Wolfes changed the station s call letters to WTHR on January 29 1976 2 To celebrate the callsign change a marketing campaign was launched You re on Top with 13 whose jingle was composed by Al Ham With new ownership in place the quality of the station s programming began to improve but WTHR remained stuck at third place in the ratings behind WISH and WRTV citation needed Meanwhile ABC gradually rose to first place during the decade and was seeking out stronger affiliates in many markets At the same time NBC tumbled to last place among the Big Three networks Under the circumstances long dominant WRTV was very receptive to an offer from ABC WTHR and WRTV swapped networks on June 1 1979 with channel 13 becoming the market s NBC affiliate and channel 6 becoming an ABC affiliate 6 Before signing with WTHR NBC also considered affiliating with the longer established WTTV 7 On the same day as the switch VideoIndiana the Dispatch subsidiary that held WTHR s license filed a 33 million antitrust lawsuit against ABC and McGraw Hill alleging that WRTV s switch was closely tied to an earlier ABC affiliation deal involving McGraw Hill s San Diego station KGTV 8 The switch to NBC eventually provided a major windfall for WTHR starting when the NFL s Indianapolis Colts moved from Baltimore in 1984 until NBC lost the rights to the NFL to CBS in 1998 effectively moving the games to WISH TV and later WTTV in 2015 WTHR aired the bulk of the team s regular season games under the AFC package Ratings gradually improved in the 1980s with NBC s powerful prime time lineup but not enough to get the station out of third place citation needed On April 7 1991 WTHR participated in an experiment in which it moved NBC prime time programming one hour earlier mirroring the scheduling of the network s prime time lineup in the Central and Mountain time zones the half hour late evening newscast also moved from 11 00 to 10 00 p m as a result 9 The experiment which lasted until the fall of 1992 was succeeded by similar efforts by KRON TV and KPIX TV in San Francisco and KOVR in Sacramento later in the decade though for WTHR was also partly done to compensate for Indiana s long term time zone adoption issues Channel 13 first saw a significant ratings boost in the mid 1990s buoyed by NBC s stronger programming as well as improvements in its news department It has long since left its ratings challenged past behind and is now one of the strongest NBC affiliates in the nation citation needed On September 2 2007 WTHR celebrated its 50th anniversary 10 the station used the song Carousels Dreaming of Tomorrow by Columbus based rock band Alamoth Lane in an image campaign to promote the event the song was also used in a market campaign by Columbus sister station WBNS to promote its upgrade to high definition newscasts 11 12 13 WTHR shut down its analog signal over VHF channel 13 at 12 37 a m on June 12 2009 the official date on which full power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate The station s digital signal relocated from its pre transition UHF channel 46 to VHF channel 13 for post transition operations 14 15 In February 2009 WTHR began affiliating its third sub channel with Universal Sports 16 Starting in August 2009 WTHR preempted regular program on this sub channel for a high school football or basketball game under the titles Operation Football Live and Operation Basketball Live with marketing support from VYPE High School Sports Magazine These Operation had been a long time franchises for WTHR 17 WTHR formerly operated the SkyTrak Weather Network which was carried on WALV CD channel 50 now on channel 46 where the service first launched in 2000 and simulcast on digital subchannel 13 2 18 On December 14 2011 the Dispatch Broadcast Group signed an agreement with MeTV to affiliate with WTHR the station began carrying the classic television network on its second digital subchannel on January 1 2012 replacing Universal Sports which converted into a cable and satellite only network on that date 19 20 As January 25 2013 WALV CD WTHR 2 affiliated with the classic television and lifestyle network Cozi TV replacing SkyTrak Weather Network 21 For the 2016 Summer Olympics from August 8 to 19 some of WTHR s syndicated programming was moved to WALV and its other subchannel 22 By May 26 2017 WALV CD began broadcasting MeTV which stayed on WTHR 13 3 dropping Cozi TV programming However Cozi was retained by WTHR 2 23 Due to reception problems in parts of Central Indiana with its VHF digital signal including in areas on the fringe of its Grade B coverage such as Bainbridge and Crawfordsville that did not occur with stations broadcasting on the UHF band following the transition WTHR filed a request with the FCC in June 2013 to increase its transmitter power to 77 000 watts which would exceed the commission s maximum power limit in effect at the time 24 On June 11 2019 Dispatch announced it would sell its broadcasting assets including WTHR and WALV CD to Tegna Inc for 535 million in cash It would make WTHR and WALV CD sister stations to ABC affiliate WHAS TV in adjacent Louisville and would also result in Tegna owning its first station in Indiana since its predecessor company Gannett sold off Fort Wayne s WPTA to the now defunct Pulitzer Inc in May 1983 25 The sale was approved by the FCC on July 29 26 and was completed on August 8 27 Programming EditSports programming Edit From the arrival of the Indianapolis Colts in 1984 until 1997 WTHR through NBC s rights to AFC games aired regular season games televised locally with WISH TV channel 8 from 1984 until 1993 for select games televised by CBS in which the Colts play against an NFC opponent with WRTV until 2005 carrying non preseason games via ABC s Monday Night Football on occasions when a game involving the Colts was scheduled Since 2006 regular season games currently televised over the air locally are split between WISH from 1998 to 2014 and since 2015 WTTV channel 4 through CBS rights to the team s AFC affiliation WXIN channel 59 for select games televised by Fox in which the Colts play host to an NFC opponent at home since 1994 or since 2014 any games moved from WTTV via the new cross flex broadcast rules with WTHR carrying non preseason games and select Colts NFL games broadcast by NBC as part of the network s Sunday Night Football package The station also acquired the local rights to two Colts regular season games during the 2013 season between the San Diego Chargers on October 14 which aired on ESPN s Monday Night Football whose Colts broadcasts are normally carried over the air by WNDY TV channel 23 and the Tennessee Titans on November 14 which aired on NFL Network s Thursday Night Football 28 WTHR also provided local coverage of Super Bowl XLVI which was hosted at Lucas Oil Stadium From 2013 until 2016 WTHR served as an official sponsor of the Indiana Pacers and the Indiana Fever the station displayed its on court advertisements during all of the NBA and WNBA franchises home games held at the Bankers Life Fieldhouse these marked the only NBA and WNBA teams to be sponsored by an NBC affiliated station following the loss of NBC s rights to the NBA for ABC and ESPN and locally WRTV in 2002 WTHR first carried Pacers games in 1990 when NBC acquired the NBA broadcast package including the team s 2000 NBA Finals appearance WTHR occasionally runs special editions of its newscasts or its highlight program Sports Jam to cover Pacers or Fever games With the transition of broadcast television rights to the Indianapolis 500 to NBC in 2019 WTHR replaced WRTV which had carried the race since 1980 as the local broadcaster of the race returning the race to WTHR for the first time since 1979 when it was an ABC station As per longstanding policies the Indianapolis Motor Speedway will require WTHR to black out the live broadcast locally to encourage residents and tourists to attend the race though it will allow WTHR to air the race on tape delay that night As WRTV did NBC s prime time schedule and the race broadcast are transposed and air in reverse order under a special dispensation from the network However speedway officials have stated they would allow a live broadcast on WTHR if the race sells out before race day 29 The 2020 race delayed from its usual date aired on WTHR on August 23 due to attendance restrictions put in place before August 4 when IMS owner Roger Penske announced there would be no public admission for any of the year s events due to a rise in COVID 19 cases in the state 30 On May 27 2021 IMS lifted the local blackout for the Indianapolis 500 for WTHR as all 135 000 tickets were sold The event was restricted to 40 capacity to allow for social distancing It would be the first time the race was televised live in Indianapolis in its entirety for two consecutive years WRTV did the same thing in 1949 and 1950 but only aired parts of the race 31 Beginning in 2023 WTHR will carry any Purdue and Indiana University Big Ten college football games scheduled as part of the Big Ten Saturday Night package News operation Edit nbsp WTHR s studios in downtown Indianapolis WTHR presently broadcasts nearly 42 hours of locally produced newscasts each week with seven hours each weekday three hours on Saturdays and four hours on Sundays For most of its first four decades in the air channel 13 s newscasts had placed third in the ratings behind WISH and WRTV The Wolfes made a large investment in the news department after taking over the station Combined with NBC s prime time lineup as a lead in WTHR s ratings saw a modest uptick in the 1980s and early 1990s but not enough to get it out of third place WTHR s newscasts surged to second place in 1996 after it hired former CBS News correspondent John Stehr as anchor of its evening newscasts around the same time that WRTV saw its ratings plummet following a botched format change For the next three years the station waged a pitched battle with then dominant WISH for first place In 1999 the station s Eyewitness News broadcasts surged past then dominant WISH in several key timeslots finishing in first place for the first time in its history It eventually overtook WISH TV for first in all news timeslots in 2002 The station s ratings lead which WTHR emphasizes in the slogan it adopted upon taking first place full time Indiana s News Leader began to narrow in 2010 as WISH TV and Fox affiliate WXIN channel 59 saw viewership gains that year as WTHR s ratings steadily decreased in certain timeslots especially on weekday mornings Despite decreased ratings for NBC s prime time schedule since the 2004 05 season WTHR remains in a close battle with WISH for the 1 slot in the 11 00 p m timeslot 32 As NBC affiliates in several larger markets switched network affiliations and or dropped the Eyewitness News format over the past three decades WTHR was the largest NBC affiliate to use the Eyewitness News brand continuously until March 25 2020 KOB in Albuquerque and WBRE TV in Wilkes Barre Scranton are the only remaining NBC affiliates to use the brand This is based on the fact that the branding was originally synonymous with most ABC owned and operated stations as well as stations owned by Westinghouse Broadcasting or Group W that were later acquired by CBS The station first used the Eyewitness News format from 1969 to 1979 as an ABC affiliate combining it with the NewsCenter format historically used by NBC stations as Eyewitness NewsCenter 13 from 1976 to 1979 which utilized a format similar to that originated by CITY TV in Toronto for its CityPulse newscasts and was restored in 1995 The station debuted a weekday morning newscast titled Sunrise in September 1985 this was followed by the addition of two hour weekend morning newscasts in 1993 which were later retitled under the Weekend Sunrise banner becoming the first station in the Indianapolis market to expand its morning newscasts to Saturdays and Sundays On March 16 1996 WTHR began producing a nightly half hour 10 00 p m newscast for UPN affiliate WNDY TV now a MyNetworkTV affiliate The news share agreement with WNDY was terminated after that station was acquired by WISH TV owner LIN TV Corporation in February 2005 on February 28 of that year when WISH assumed production responsibilities for the WNDY newscast WTHR began producing a 10 00 p m newscast for Pax TV owned and operated station WIPX TV channel 63 now an Ion Television O amp O which was cancelled five months later on June 30 In May 2005 the station added a 4 30 a m half hour to the weekday edition of its Sunrise newscast 33 this predated morning news expansions into that timeslot by many other American television stations by a few years On November 12 2006 beginning with the 11 00 p m newscast WTHR became the first television station in Indiana to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition The station s news set at the time which was built in 1997 with an eventual conversion to HD broadcasts in mind underwent a refresh as part of the upgrade Much of WTHR s field video continued to be shot in pillarboxed 4 3 standard definition until October 2 2007 when all video recorded and broadcast live outside the studio began to be broadcast in widescreen 34 video recorded by the station s news crews is shot edited and broadcast in the 1080i resolution In June 2011 WTHR began offering newscast segments for free streaming on the Roku digital video player 35 On February 24 2014 the station expanded its weekday morning newscast by a half hour to 4 00 a m 36 On June 23 2014 The Indianapolis Star announced that it would end its content partnership with WTHR and enter into a new content agreement with Fox affiliate WXIN beginning on August 1 37 nbsp Reporter Scott Swan interviewing Conley Stamper at the 2015 Indianapolis 500On March 25 2020 WTHR adopted Tegna s standardized news graphics and C Clarity theme seven months after Tegna acquired the station now as 13 News Awards and honors Edit WTHR has received national honors for its news reporting over the years including Peabody Awards for two 2006 reports Cause for Alarm an investigation into faulty tornado sirens in Indiana and Prescription Privacy an investigation of improper disposal of personal pharmacy records 38 WTHR also earned a third Peabody for 2010 s Reality Check Where Are the Jobs which revealed grossly exaggerated job creation claims made by the Indiana Economic Development Corporation 39 Investigating the IRS an investigative series which exposed how illegal immigrants fraudulently received billions of dollars in tax refunds and the IRS s failure to stop it once the fraud was discovered earned WTHR a fourth national Peabody Award in 2013 40 Charity Caught on Camera 41 a report on corruption at a local nonprofit and Dangerous Exposure 42 a report on how lax agency oversight allowed companies to leak poison into groundwater in residential areas won the station two Peabody awards in 2016 The station earned two national Edward R Murrow Awards from the Radio and Television News Directors Association RTNDA in 2011 in the Overall Excellence and Investigative Series categories 43 In 2012 WTHR earned two Murrow Awards for its breaking news coverage of the Indiana State Fair stage collapse and in the spot news category which was given to WTHR videographer Steve Rhodes 44 Notable current on air staff Edit Anne Marie Tiernon weeknightsNotable former on air staff Edit Ross Becker anchor reporter later with KAAL TV in Austin Minnesota now CEO of TvNewsmentor com Mary Ann Childers anchor later co anchor at WLS TV and then WBBM TV in Chicago Carol Costello reporter later anchor at CNN and HLN Gerry Dick Inside Indiana Business host and moderator Inside Indiana Business s flagship station is now WISH TV Jerry Harkness sports anchor 1970s deceased Bill Jackson host of the Mickey Mouse Club later renamed The Bill Jackson Show 1963 1965 deceased Dick Johnson reporter former weekend evening anchor at WMAQ TV in Chicago deceased David Letterman weekend weatherman host of Freeze Dried Theater and Clover Power retired in 2015 after 33 years as host of Late Night on NBC and then The Late Show on CBS currently the host of My Next Guest Needs No Introduction on Netflix Paul Page sports anchor reporter formerly with NBC Sports and ESPN Mark Spain weekend anchor early 1990s later at WJW in Cleveland and WFOX TV WJAX TV in Jacksonville Florida now with WSET in Lynchburg Roanoke Virginia John Stehr weeknights 1995 2018 retired Meshach Taylor as Bruce Taylor actor and former star of Designing Women hosted a community affairs program on WLWI in the 1970s deceased Henry Wofford sports anchor reporter 2005 2010 now at NBC Sports Bay Area in San Francisco Subchannels EditThe station s digital signal is multiplexed Subchannels of WTHR 1 Channel Res Aspect Short name Programming13 1 1080i 16 9 WTHR HD Main WTHR programming NBC13 2 480i Dabl Dabl13 3 MeTV MeTV WALV CD 13 4 Crime True Crime Network13 5 Quest Quest13 6 Circle Circle Simulcast of subchannels of another stationReferences Edit a b c Digital TV Market Listing for WTHR RabbitEars Info Retrieved May 7 2019 a b Mack Justin L April 8 2019 This is who owns each of Indianapolis local TV stations Indianapolis Star USA Today Network Retrieved May 7 2019 About WTHR February 18 2016 Crosley WLW I TV signed as basic ABC TV affiliate Broadcasting April 1 1957 pg 126 1 permanent dead link Shull Richard K November 8 1969 Sesame Will Open But Took Some Doing The Indianapolis News Indianapolis Indiana p TV 1 Retrieved October 12 2022 via Newspapers com Television Schedule Marion Chronicle Tribune Marion IN May 30 1979 WRTV Indianapolis latest to heed ABC s siren song PDF Broadcasting December 4 1978 Retrieved September 7 2021 In Brief PDF Broadcasting June 4 1979 p 30 Retrieved November 15 2021 WTTV WRTV discuss joint newscast Indianapolis Business Journal April 1 1991 WTHR s 50th Anniversary promo FLV WTHR TV Indianapolis September 2 2007 Retrieved November 8 2007 WBNS TV Station Image Promo Alamoth Lane Carousels Dreaming of Tomorrow WBNS TV Columbus Retrieved February 24 2008 WBNS TV Station Image Promo Version 1 WBNS TV Columbus Retrieved February 24 2008 WBNS TV Station Image Promo Version 2 WBNS TV Columbus Retrieved February 24 2008 DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and the Second Rounds PDF Archived from the original PDF on August 29 2013 Retrieved March 24 2012 FCC DTV status report for WTHR Galer Sara February 13 2009 Universal Sports Network is on the air in central Indiana 13 WTHR Indianapolis Retrieved May 7 2019 WTHR and Vype High School sports magazine announce partnership 13 WTHR Indianapolis August 25 2009 Retrieved May 7 2019 Channel 13 to launch weather network Indianapolis Business Journal October 25 1999 Me TV Adds Denver And Indianapolis Affiliates TV News Check December 14 2011 Retrieved May 7 2019 Me TV Adds Denver And Indianapolis Affiliates TVNewsCheck December 14 2011 Mills Warren January 25 2013 Cozi TV Home to classic television 13 WTHR Indianapolis Archived from the original on May 8 2019 Retrieved May 7 2019 WTHR programming changes announced for 2016 Olympics 13 WTHR Indianapolis August 3 2016 Archived from the original on May 7 2019 Retrieved May 7 2019 How to find MeTV on cable 13 WTHR Indianapolis May 26 2017 Archived from the original on May 7 2019 Retrieved May 7 2019 WTHR to boost tower power on signal gripes Indianapolis Business Journal August 17 2013 Miller Mark K June 11 2019 Tegna Buying Dispatch s WTHR WBNS For 535M TVNewsCheck NewsCheckMedia Retrieved June 11 2019 Notice of Consent to Transfer PDF CDBS Public Access Federal Communications Commission July 29 2019 Retrieved July 30 2019 TEGNA Completes Acquisition of Dispatch Broadcast Group s Leading Top Ranked Stations in Indianapolis IN and Columbus OH Tegna Inc August 8 2019 Retrieved August 8 2019 WTHR To Air Two Indianapolis Colts Games TVNewsCheck August 6 2013 How IndyCar NBC deal will affect local Indy 500 blackout Indianapolis Star Retrieved March 21 2018 Indianapolis 500 to air live on WTHR Press release WTHR July 22 2020 Retrieved August 6 2020 Indy 500 to air live on WTHR Channel 13 WTHR com Tegna Inc May 27 2021 Retrieved May 28 2021 WTHR s status as TV news leader starting to erode Indianapolis Business Journal November 13 2010 Sunrise comes earlier on WTHR Indianapolis Business Journal April 25 2005 WTHR S QUICK SWITCH TO HD TOOK 10 YEARS TVNewsCheck February 14 2007 Get WTHR video on Roku June 27 2011 Archived from the original on February 25 2012 Retrieved July 1 2011 WTHR Expands Morning Newscast Archived April 1 2014 at the Wayback Machine TVSpy January 31 2014 IndyStar Fox59 announce new media partnership The Indianapolis Star June 23 2014 Retrieved June 23 2014 66th Annual Peabody Awards May 2007 70th Annual Peabody Awards May 2011 72nd Annual Peabody Awards May 2013 76th Annual Peabody Awards May 2017 76th Annual Peabody Awards May 2017 WTHR announced as national Edward R Murrow award winner WTHR website June 14 2011 Archived from the original on November 5 2011 Retrieved June 14 2012 WTHR TV Honored for State Fair Tragedy Coverage More Indianapolis Monthly June 18 2012 External links EditOfficial website www wbr metvindianapolis wbr com WTHR 3 MeTV Indianapolis official website Listing 1024109 Antenna Structure Registration database U S Federal Communications Commission Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title WTHR amp oldid 1176311726, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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