"Yellow pansy" redirects here. For the species of butterfly, see Junonia hierta.
Viola pedunculata, the California golden violet, Johnny jump up, or yellow pansy, is a perennial yellow wildflower of the coast and coastal ranges in California and northwestern Baja California.[1] The common name "Johnny jump up" is usually associated with Viola tricolor however, the introduced garden annual.
The plant grows on open, grassy slopes, in chaparral habitats, and in oak woodlands, from sea level to around 3,280 feet (1,000 m). It prefers part shade, but will tolerate sun in many locations.
Viola pedunculata is a perennial, growing from a spongy rhizome. The plant is often low-growing, but can reach a height of 6 inches (15 cm).
The leaves are 1-5.5 cm long, cordate (heart-shaped) to deltate-ovate (oblong-triangular), scalloped or toothed, and glabrous or hairy.[2] They are summer deciduous.
The fragrant flowers appear in March and April, and are a rich, saturated yellow to yellow-orange, with brown-purple nectar guides on the lower petals. The flowers are hermaphrodite, and are pollinated by native and introduced insects. Dried in air, the seeds weigh about 4 milligrams (0.00014 oz) each.
The leaves were used by the Diegueno and Luisenoindigenous people of California for food:. The young leaves were picked before the flowers appeared in the spring, then boiled, and used as greens.[5]
The flower buds and petals are edible. As with other yellow flowers in the genus Viola, large quantities may cause diarrhea. An herbal tea or tisane can be brewed from the leaves.
viola, pedunculata, yellow, pansy, redirects, here, species, butterfly, junonia, hierta, california, golden, violet, johnny, jump, yellow, pansy, perennial, yellow, wildflower, coast, coastal, ranges, california, northwestern, baja, california, common, name, j. Yellow pansy redirects here For the species of butterfly see Junonia hierta Viola pedunculata the California golden violet Johnny jump up or yellow pansy is a perennial yellow wildflower of the coast and coastal ranges in California and northwestern Baja California 1 The common name Johnny jump up is usually associated with Viola tricolor however the introduced garden annual Viola pedunculataScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder MalpighialesFamily ViolaceaeGenus ViolaSpecies V pedunculataBinomial nameViola pedunculataTorr amp A GrayThe plant grows on open grassy slopes in chaparral habitats and in oak woodlands from sea level to around 3 280 feet 1 000 m It prefers part shade but will tolerate sun in many locations Contents 1 Description 2 Uses 2 1 Culinary 3 Cultivation 4 References 5 External linksDescription EditViola pedunculata is a perennial growing from a spongy rhizome The plant is often low growing but can reach a height of 6 inches 15 cm The leaves are 1 5 5 cm long cordate heart shaped to deltate ovate oblong triangular scalloped or toothed and glabrous or hairy 2 They are summer deciduous The fragrant flowers appear in March and April and are a rich saturated yellow to yellow orange with brown purple nectar guides on the lower petals The flowers are hermaphrodite and are pollinated by native and introduced insects Dried in air the seeds weigh about 4 milligrams 0 00014 oz each SubspeciesViola pedunculata ssp pedunculata 3 Viola pedunculata ssp tenuifolia 4 Uses EditCulinary Edit The leaves were used by the Diegueno and Luiseno indigenous people of California for food The young leaves were picked before the flowers appeared in the spring then boiled and used as greens 5 The flower buds and petals are edible As with other yellow flowers in the genus Viola large quantities may cause diarrhea An herbal tea or tisane can be brewed from the leaves Cultivation EditThe plant is cultivated as an ornamental plant by specialty plant nurseries for planting as a drought tolerant seasonal groundcover or flowering accent plant in native plant and wildlife gardens and as a potted plant 6 7 They are propagated by seed or nursery garden divisions 8 The plant prefers rich soil and no irrigation water in summer when it is dormant 6 When cultivated in colder climates outside its native range where not so hardy it is most successful when propagated in a cold frame References Edit Viola pedunculata Germplasm Resources Information Network GRIN Agricultural Research Service ARS United States Department of Agriculture USDA Retrieved 2013 03 23 Jepson Viola pedunculata accessed 3 23 2013 CalFlora Viola pedunculata ssp pedunculata USDA Viola pedunculata ssp tenuifolia Univ of Michigan Dearborn Ethnobotany treatment accessed 3 23 2013 a b Las Pilitas horticultural database Viola pedunculata Violet Yellow Pansy Johnny jump up California Golden Violet and Wild Pansy accessed 3 23 2013 Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center Native Plant Database NPIN CNPLX Viola pedunculata Nursery and Seed Sources accessed 3 23 2013External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Viola pedunculata CalFlora Database Viola pedunculata California golden violet Jepson Manual treatment for Viola pedunculata Species entry in Plants for a Future Viola pedunculata in the CalPhotos photo database University of California Berkeley Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Viola pedunculata amp oldid 1094753282, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
