Turbinidae have a strong, thick calcareousoperculum readily distinguishing them from the somewhat similar Trochidae or top snails, which have a corneous operculum. This strong operculum serves as a passive defensive structure against predators that try to enter by way of the aperture or that would break the shell at the outer lip. These operculum are rounded ovals that are flat with a swirl design on one side and domed on the other. They are known as Pacific cat's eye or Shiva eye shells or mermaid money, and are used for decorative purposes.
Etymologyedit
The common nameturban snail presumably refers to the shell's similarity in appearance to a turban. However, the scientific name Turbinidae is based on the genus name Turbo, which is Latin for spinning top, a child's toy. The word turbine has a similar derivation.
Taxonomyedit
Previously[when?] they were classified in the subclass Prosobranchia, in the order Archaeogastropoda in the superfamily Trochacea. Trochaecea is now a synonym for the superfamily Trochoidea. However, this is a quite ancient group of gastropods, probably originating in the Permian period 298 to 250 million years ago.[2] They have typical primitivecharacters like the nacreous interior of the shell.
Astraea rugosa (Linnaeus, 1767), a fossil turbinid from the Pliocene of Cyprus.
Turbinidae was redefined and moved to the redefined superfamily Trochoidea according to Williams et al. (2008):[4]Angariidae was elevated to family level, Colloniinae was elevated to family Colloniidae within Phasianelloidea,[4] Margaritinae was moved to Turbinidae from Trochidae.[4]
This family consists of five following subfamilies according to Williams et al. (2008):[4]
Tegulinae Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971: upgraded to the rank of family Tegulidae Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971
Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990
The following subfamilies (sensu Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) classification of subfamilies in Turbinidae) were kept in Turbinidae:
Moellerinae Hickman & McLean, 1990 - Moelleria was not included in the molecular studies performed in 2010.[4][5]
† Moreanellinae J. C. Fischer & Weber, 1997
Distributionedit
Turbinids occur in shallow and deep waters. The family has a large distribution, from the tropics to the polar regions, but most of the species live in tropical and subtropical shallow waters.
^Alf A., Kreipl K. & Poppe G. T. (2003) The Family Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo. In: Poppe G. T. & Groh K. (eds.): A Conchological Iconography: 68 pp., 95 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim, ISBN3-925919-27-9.
^ abGofas, S. (2009). Prisogasterinae. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382193 on 2010-04-19
^ abcdeWilliams S. T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (September 2008) "Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined". Zoologica Scripta37(5): 483-506. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00341.x
^Alf A. & Kreipl K. (2011) The family Turbinidae. Subfamilies Turbininae Rafinesque, 1815 and Prisogasterinae Hickman & McLean, 1990. In: G.T. Poppe & K. Groh (eds), A Conchological Iconography. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. pp. 1-82, pls 104-245.
Marshall, B.A. 1988. Skeneidae, Vitrinellidae and Orbitestellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) associated with biogenic substrata from bathyal depths off New Zealand and New South Wales. Journal of Natural History 22(4): 949–1004.
Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
Williams S.T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (2008) Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined. Zoologica Scripta 37: 483–506.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turbinidae.
Seashells of New South Wales : Turbinidae
Seashells of New South Wales: Skeneinae
Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area, California; United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
January 01, 1970
turbinidae, turban, snails, family, small, large, marine, gastropod, molluscs, superfamily, trochoidea, three, views, shell, turbo, sazae, with, operculum, place, scientific, classification, domain, eukaryota, kingdom, animalia, phylum, mollusca, class, gastro. Turbinidae the turban snails are a family of small to large marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Trochoidea 1 Turbinidae Three views of a shell of Turbo sazae with the operculum in place Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Subclass Vetigastropoda Order Trochida Superfamily Trochoidea Family TurbinidaeRafinesque 1815 Genera and species See text Contents 1 Description 2 Etymology 3 Taxonomy 3 1 2005 taxonomy 3 2 2008 taxonomy 4 Distribution 5 Genera 6 References 7 External linksDescription editTurbinidae have a strong thick calcareous operculum readily distinguishing them from the somewhat similar Trochidae or top snails which have a corneous operculum This strong operculum serves as a passive defensive structure against predators that try to enter by way of the aperture or that would break the shell at the outer lip These operculum are rounded ovals that are flat with a swirl design on one side and domed on the other They are known as Pacific cat s eye or Shiva eye shells or mermaid money and are used for decorative purposes Etymology editThe common name turban snail presumably refers to the shell s similarity in appearance to a turban However the scientific name Turbinidae is based on the genus name Turbo which is Latin for spinning top a child s toy The word turbine has a similar derivation Taxonomy editPreviously when they were classified in the subclass Prosobranchia in the order Archaeogastropoda in the superfamily Trochacea Trochaecea is now a synonym for the superfamily Trochoidea However this is a quite ancient group of gastropods probably originating in the Permian period 298 to 250 million years ago 2 They have typical primitive characters like the nacreous interior of the shell 2005 taxonomy edit Turbinidae belongs to superfamily Turbinoidea according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet amp Rocroi 2005 This family consists of eight following subfamilies according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet amp Rocroi 2005 Turbininae Rafinesque 1815 synonyms Senectinae Swainson 1840 Imperatorinae Gray 1847 Astraliinae H Adams amp A Adams 1854 Astraeinae Davies 1935 Bolmidae Delpey 1941 Angariinae Gray 1857 synonym Delphinulinae Stoliczka 1868 Colloniinae Cossmann 1917 tribe Colloniini Cossmann 1917 synonym Bothropomatinae Thiele 1924 inv Homalopomatinae Keen 1960 Petropomatinae Cox 1960 tribe Adeorbisinini Monari Conti amp szabo 1995 tribe Crossostomatini Cox 1960 tribe Helicocryptini Cox 1960 Moellerinae Hickman amp McLean 1990 Moreanellinae J C Fischer amp Weber 1997 Prisogasterinae Hickman amp McLean 1990 synonym Prisogastrinae in Bouchet amp Rocroi 2005 is a spelling error 3 Skeneinae W Clark 1851 synonym Delphinoideinae Thiele 1924 Tegulinae Kuroda Habe amp Oyama 1971 2008 taxonomy edit nbsp Astraea rugosa Linnaeus 1767 a fossil turbinid from the Pliocene of Cyprus Turbinidae was redefined and moved to the redefined superfamily Trochoidea according to Williams et al 2008 4 Angariidae was elevated to family level Colloniinae was elevated to family Colloniidae within Phasianelloidea 4 Margaritinae was moved to Turbinidae from Trochidae 4 This family consists of five following subfamilies according to Williams et al 2008 4 Turbininae Rafinesque 1815 synonyms Senectinae Swainson 1840 Imperatorinae Gray 1847 Astraliinae H Adams amp A Adams 1854 Astraeinae Davies 1935 Bolmidae Delpey 1941 Skeneinae W Clark 1851 synonym Delphinoideinae Thiele 1924 upgraded to the rank of family Skeneidae Margaritinae Thiele 1924 tribes are sensu taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet amp Rocroi 2005 upgraded to the rank of family Margaritidae tribe Margaritini Thiele 1924 synonym Margaritinae Stoliczka 1868 inv tribe Gazini Hickman amp McLean 1990 tribe Kaiparathinini Marshall 1993 Tegulinae Kuroda Habe amp Oyama 1971 upgraded to the rank of family Tegulidae Kuroda Habe amp Oyama 1971 Prisogasterinae Hickman amp McLean 1990 The following subfamilies sensu Bouchet amp Rocroi 2005 classification of subfamilies in Turbinidae were kept in Turbinidae Moellerinae Hickman amp McLean 1990 Moelleria was not included in the molecular studies performed in 2010 4 5 Moreanellinae J C Fischer amp Weber 1997Distribution editTurbinids occur in shallow and deep waters The family has a large distribution from the tropics to the polar regions but most of the species live in tropical and subtropical shallow waters Genera edit nbsp The shell of Guildfordia yoka a deep water turbinid Genera in the family Turbinidae include Not belonging to any subfamily Phanerolepida Dall 1907 Tropidomarga Powell 1951 Turbininae 6 nbsp Lithopoma tectum Astraea Roding 1798 Astralium Link 1807 Bellastraea Iredale 1924 Bolma Risso 1826 Cookia Lesson 1832 Guildfordia Gray 1850 Lithopoma Gray 1850 Lunella Roding 1798 MegastraeaMcLean 1970 7 Modelia Gray 1850 Pomaulax Gray 1850 Turbo Linnaeus 1758 type genus Uvanilla Gray 1850 Yaronia Mienis 2011 Prisogasterinae Hickman amp McLean 1990 Prisogaster Morch 1850 3 Genera brought into synonymy Astrea Link 1807 synonym of Astraea Roding 1798 Agathistoma Olsson amp Harbison 1953 synonym of Tegula Lesson 1832 Amyxa Troschel 1852 synonym of Prisogaster Morch 1850 Calcar Montfort 1810 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Canthorbis Swainson 1840 synonym of Astraea Roding 1798 Cardinalia Gray 1842 synonym of Tectus Montfort 1810 Crosseia P Fischer 1885 synonym of Crossea A Adams 1865 Cyclocantha Swainson 1840 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Dinassovica Iredale 1937 synonym of Turbo Turbo Linnaeus 1758 represented as Turbo Linnaeus 1758 Distellifer Iredale 1937 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Foliastralium Habe amp Okutani 1980 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Galeoastraea Habe 1958 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Halopsephus Rehder 1943 synonym of Turbo Halopsephus Rehder 1943 represented as Turbo Linnaeus 1758 Harisazaea Habe 1958 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Imperator Montfort 1810 synonym of Astraea Roding 1798 Incilaster Finlay 1926 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Livona Gray 1842 synonym of Cittarium Philippi 1847 Lunatica Roding 1798 synonym of Turbo Linnaeus 1758 Macropelmus Gistel 1848 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Margarita Leach 1819 synonym of Margarites Gray 1847 Micrastraea Cotton 1939 synonym of Bellastraea Iredale 1924 Notosetia Iredale 1915 synonym of Putilla A Adams 1867 Okinawastraea Habe amp Okutani 1981 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Oobolma Sacco 1896 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Ormastralium Sacco 1896 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Pachypoma Gray 1850 synonym of Lithopoma Gray 1850 Pagocalcar Iredale 1937 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Pseudastralium Schepman 1908 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Pyramidea Swainson 1840 synonym of Tectus Montfort 1810 Pyramis Schumacher 1817 synonym of Tectus Montfort 1810 Rugastella Iredale 1937 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Senobolma Okutani 1964 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Stella P Fischer 1885 synonym of Astralium Link 1807 Submargarita Strebel 1908 synonym of Lissotesta Iredale 1915 Tharsiella Bush 1897 synonym of Cirsonella Angas 1877 Trochiscus G B Sowerby I 1838 synonym of Norrisia Bayle 1880 Tylastralium Sacco 1896 synonym of Bolma Risso 1826 Valvatella Gray 1857 synonym of Margarites Gray 1847References edit Bouchet P 2014 Turbinidae Rafinesque 1815 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 503 on 2014 07 28 Alf A Kreipl K amp Poppe G T 2003 The Family Turbinidae Subfamily Turbininae Genus Turbo In Poppe G T amp Groh K eds A Conchological Iconography 68 pp 95 colour plates ConchBooks Hackenheim ISBN 3 925919 27 9 a b Gofas S 2009 Prisogasterinae In Bouchet P Gofas S Rosenberg G 2009 World Marine Mollusca database Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 382193 on 2010 04 19 a b c d e Williams S T Karube S amp Ozawa T September 2008 Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda Trochidae Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined Zoologica Scripta 37 5 483 506 doi 10 1111 j 1463 6409 2008 00341 x Search for Moelleria National Center for Biotechnology Information accessed 19 April 2010 Gofas S 2009 Turbininae In Bouchet P Gofas S Rosenberg G 2009 World Marine Mollusca database Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 225151 on 2010 04 19 Alf A amp Kreipl K 2011 The family Turbinidae Subfamilies Turbininae Rafinesque 1815 and Prisogasterinae Hickman amp McLean 1990 In G T Poppe amp K Groh eds A Conchological Iconography Hackenheim Conchbooks pp 1 82 pls 104 245 Marshall B A 1988 Skeneidae Vitrinellidae and Orbitestellidae Mollusca Gastropoda associated with biogenic substrata from bathyal depths off New Zealand and New South Wales Journal of Natural History 22 4 949 1004 Vaught K C 1989 A classification of the living Mollusca American Malacologists Melbourne FL USA ISBN 0 915826 22 4 XII 195 pp Williams S T Karube S amp Ozawa T 2008 Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda Trochidae Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined Zoologica Scripta 37 483 506 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turbinidae Seashells of New South Wales Turbinidae Seashells of New South Wales Skeneinae Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area California United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Turbinidae amp oldid 1182187863, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
