Tugay[a][b] is a form of riparianforest or woodland associated with fluvial and floodplain areas in arid climates. These wetlands are subject to periodic inundation, and largely dependent on floods and groundwater rather than directly from rainfall. Tugay habitats occur in semi-arid and desert climates in Central Asia. Because Tugay habitat is usually linear, following the courses of rivers in arid landscapes, Tugay communities often function as wildlife corridors. They have disappeared or become fragmented over much of their former range.[1][2]
The centre of the range of Tugay vegetation is the Tarim Basin in north-western China, where the Tarim Huyanglin nature reserve in the middle reaches of the Tarim River holds the largest areas of intact Tugay forests, with a 1993 estimate of about 61% of the total. The Central Asian countries hold another 31%, with smaller areas remaining in the Middle East and Pakistan.[1] Tugais also occur in the Caucasus.[3]
^Also spelt or romanized as Tugai, Tughay, Tugae, Tougaï, Toogay, etc.
See alsoEdit
Bosque, an analogous forest type in arid and semiarid regions of the southwestern United States
ReferencesEdit
^ abThevs, Niels (2005). "Tugay vegetation in the middle reaches of the Tarim River – Vegetation types and their ecology". Archiv für Naturschutz und Landschaftsforschung. March 2005: 63–84.
^ abcTreshkin, S.Y.; Kamalov, S.K.; Bachiev, A.; Mamutov, N.; Gladishev, A.I.; Aimbetov, I. (1998). Present status of the tugai forets in the lower Amu-Dar'ya Basin and problems of their protection and restoration. Pages 43-53 in Ecological Research and Monitoring of the Aral Sea Deltas. A Basis for Restoration. Paris, France: UNESCO.
^ abHeptner, V. G.; Sludskij, A. A. (1992) [1972]. Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola [Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats)]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 1–732.
tugay, tugai, redirects, here, other, uses, tugai, disambiguation, other, uses, disambiguation, form, riparian, forest, woodland, associated, with, fluvial, floodplain, areas, arid, climates, these, wetlands, subject, periodic, inundation, largely, dependent, . Tugai redirects here For other uses see Tugai disambiguation For other uses see Tugay disambiguation Tugay a b is a form of riparian forest or woodland associated with fluvial and floodplain areas in arid climates These wetlands are subject to periodic inundation and largely dependent on floods and groundwater rather than directly from rainfall Tugay habitats occur in semi arid and desert climates in Central Asia Because Tugay habitat is usually linear following the courses of rivers in arid landscapes Tugay communities often function as wildlife corridors They have disappeared or become fragmented over much of their former range 1 2 Tugai vegetation along the Syr Darya in Kazakhstan Central Asia Euphrates poplar trees and tamarix bushes at the Ekhiin Gol Oasis in the Gobi Desert Contents 1 Distribution 2 Vegetation 3 Notes 4 See also 5 ReferencesDistribution EditSee also Central Asian riparian woodlands and Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe The centre of the range of Tugay vegetation is the Tarim Basin in north western China where the Tarim Huyanglin nature reserve in the middle reaches of the Tarim River holds the largest areas of intact Tugay forests with a 1993 estimate of about 61 of the total The Central Asian countries hold another 31 with smaller areas remaining in the Middle East and Pakistan 1 Tugais also occur in the Caucasus 3 nbsp Eastern imperial eagle nest in a tugai forest in Georgia Vegetation EditClose to rivers and where groundwater levels are shallow the vegetation is usually dominated by poplars especially Populus euphratica 3 and willows such as Salix songarica Where the forest has been disturbed other species such as tamarisk sea buckthorn and oleaster will grow Herbaceous plants include reeds common spike rush jointleaf rush fleabane cocklebur and thorn apple Grass tugai vegetation is dominated by Phragmites australis Calamagrostis and Typha 2 Where the groundwater is deeper oaks and elms will dominate 4 The principal causes for the loss of tugai vegetation include dam construction tree cutting grazing and agriculture 2 Notes Edit From Bashkir tugaj romanized tugay Also spelt or romanized as Tugai Tughay Tugae Tougai Toogay etc See also EditBosque an analogous forest type in arid and semiarid regions of the southwestern United StatesReferences Edit a b Thevs Niels 2005 Tugay vegetation in the middle reaches of the Tarim River Vegetation types and their ecology Archiv fur Naturschutz und Landschaftsforschung March 2005 63 84 a b c Treshkin S Y Kamalov S K Bachiev A Mamutov N Gladishev A I Aimbetov I 1998 Present status of the tugai forets in the lower Amu Dar ya Basin and problems of their protection and restoration Pages 43 53 in Ecological Research and Monitoring of the Aral Sea Deltas A Basis for Restoration Paris France UNESCO a b Heptner V G Sludskij A A 1992 1972 Mlekopitajuscie Sovetskogo Soiuza Moskva Vyssaia Skola Mammals of the Soviet Union Volume II Part 2 Carnivora Hyaenas and Cats Washington DC Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation pp 1 732 British Petroleum 2002 Ecological Baseline Report BTC Pipeline ESIA Azerbaijan Retrieved 2013 03 30 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tugay amp oldid 1175204409, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
