The list of deities varies across the manuscripts found in different parts of South Asia, particularly in terms of the Ashvins and the personified devas. One list based on Book 2 of the Aitereya Brahmana is:[5][6]
Devas as abstractions or inner principles: Ananda (bliss, inner contentment), Vijnana (knowledge), Manas (mind, thought), Prana (life-force), Vac (speech), Atma (Self), and five manifestations of Rudra – Ishana, Tatpurusha, Aghora, Vamadeva, Sadyojata
Devas as forces or principles of nature – Prithvi (earth), Agni (fire), Antariksha (atmosphere, space), Jala (water), Vayu (wind), Dyaus (sky), Surya (sun), Nakshatra (stars), Soma (moon)
Devas as guides or creative energy – Vasatkara, Prajapati
The reported identity of the two Ashvins sometimes varies:
There are eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, twelve Âdityas; and these two, Heaven and Earth, are the (thirty-second and) thirty-third. And there are thirty-three gods, and Pragâpati is the thirty-fourth;--thus he makes him (the sacrificer, or Yagña) to be Pragâpati 2: now that 3 is, for that is immortal, and what is immortal that is. But what is mortal that also is Pragâpati; for Pragâpati is everything: thus he makes him to be Pragâpati, and hence there are these thirty-four utterances, called expiations. [note 1][8]
Yājñavalkya said, 'These are but the manifestations of them, but there are only thirty-three gods.' 'Which are those thirty-three?' 'The eight Vasus, the eleven Rudras and the twelve Ādityas—these are thirty-one, and Indra and Prajāpati make up the thirty-three.'
^George Williams (2008), A Handbook of Hindu Mythology, Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0195332612, pp. 90, 112
^Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary" Etymologically and Philologically Arranged to cognate Indo-European Languages, Motilal Banarsidass, p. 492
^Hermann Oldenberg (1988), The Religion of the Veda, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN978-8120803923, pp. 23-50
^AA MacDonell, Vedic mythology, p. PA19, at Google Books, Oxford University Press, pp. 19-21
^Francis X Clooney (2010), Divine Mother, Blessed Mother, Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0199738731, p. 242
^"Satapatha Brahmana Part II (SBE26), Julius Eggeling tr. [1885]". Sacred Texts.
^www.wisdomlib.org (2015-02-23). "Yajnavalkya and Vidagdha [Section IX]". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
April 12, 2024
thirty, three, gods, tridasha, sanskrit, दश, three, tens, iast, tridaśa, pantheon, hindu, deities, current, manvantara, samhitas, which, oldest, layer, text, vedas, enumerate, deities, classified, devas, either, each, three, worlds, adityas, rudras, vasus, ash. The Thirty three gods or Tridasha Sanskrit त र दश lit three tens IAST Tridasa is a pantheon of Hindu deities of current manvantara 1 2 The Samhitas which are the oldest layer of text in the Vedas enumerate 33 deities classified as devas either 11 each for the three worlds or as 12 Adityas 11 Rudras 8 Vasus and 2 Ashvins in the Brahmanas 3 4 Part of the Vyomamandala showing the rudras circa 5th century CE Katra Keshav Dev currently at Mathura Museum Contents 1 List 1 1 Variations 2 Literature 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesList editThe thirty three deities are Eight Vasus deities of material elements Dyaus sky Prithvi earth Vayu wind Agni fire Nakshatra stars Varuna water Surya sun Chandra moon Twelve Adityas personified deities Indra Shakra Aryaman Tvashtr Varuna Bhaga Savitr Vivasvat Amsha Mitra Pushan Daksha Vishnu This list sometimes varies in particulars Eleven Rudras consisting of Aja Ekapada Ahirbudhanya Tvasta Rudra Hara Sambhu Trayambaka Aparajita Ishana and Tribhuvana Two Ashvins or Nasatyas twin solar deitiesVariations edit The list of deities varies across the manuscripts found in different parts of South Asia particularly in terms of the Ashvins and the personified devas One list based on Book 2 of the Aitereya Brahmana is 5 6 Devas personified Indra Shakra Varuna Mitra Aryaman Bhaga Amsha Vidhata 7 Tvashtr Pushan Vivasvat Surya Savitr Dhatr Vishnu Devas as abstractions or inner principles Ananda bliss inner contentment Vijnana knowledge Manas mind thought Prana life force Vac speech Atma Self and five manifestations of Rudra Ishana Tatpurusha Aghora Vamadeva Sadyojata Devas as forces or principles of nature Prithvi earth Agni fire Antariksha atmosphere space Jala water Vayu wind Dyaus sky Surya sun Nakshatra stars Soma moon Devas as guides or creative energy Vasatkara PrajapatiThe reported identity of the two Ashvins sometimes varies There are eight Vasus eleven Rudras twelve Adityas and these two Heaven and Earth are the thirty second and thirty third And there are thirty three gods and Pragapati is the thirty fourth thus he makes him the sacrificer or Yagna to be Pragapati 2 now that 3 is for that is immortal and what is immortal that is But what is mortal that also is Pragapati for Pragapati is everything thus he makes him to be Pragapati and hence there are these thirty four utterances called expiations note 1 8 Satapatha Brahmana 4 5 7 2Literature editThe Brihadaranyaka Upanishad describes the existence of these deities with a different lineup 9 Yajnavalkya said These are but the manifestations of them but there are only thirty three gods Which are those thirty three The eight Vasus the eleven Rudras and the twelve Adityas these are thirty one and Indra and Prajapati make up the thirty three Brihadaranyaka Upanishad Section 9 Verse 3 9 2See also editTrayastriṃsa the Buddhist equivalentNotes edit aṣṭau vasavaḥ ekadasa rudra dvadasaditya ime eva dyavapṛthivi trayastriṃsyau trayastriṃsadvai devaḥ prajapatiscatustriṃsastadenam prajapatiṃ karotyetadva astyetaddhyamṛtaṃ yaddhyamṛtaṃ taddhyastyetadu tadyanmartyaṃ sa eṣa prajapatiḥ sarvaṃ vai prajapatistadenam prajapatiṃ karoti tasmadetascatustriṃsadvyahṛtayo bhavanti prayascittayo nama References edit Lynn Foulston Stuart Abbott 2009 Hindu goddesses beliefs and practices pp 1 2 ISBN 9781902210438 permanent dead link Mani full citation needed pp 654 5 George Williams 2008 A Handbook of Hindu Mythology Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0195332612 pp 90 112 Monier Monier Williams A Sanskrit English Dictionary Etymologically and Philologically Arranged to cognate Indo European Languages Motilal Banarsidass p 492 Hermann Oldenberg 1988 The Religion of the Veda Motilal Banarsidass ISBN 978 8120803923 pp 23 50 AA MacDonell Vedic mythology p PA19 at Google Books Oxford University Press pp 19 21 Francis X Clooney 2010 Divine Mother Blessed Mother Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0199738731 p 242 Satapatha Brahmana Part II SBE26 Julius Eggeling tr 1885 Sacred Texts www wisdomlib org 2015 02 23 Yajnavalkya and Vidagdha Section IX www wisdomlib org Retrieved 2022 07 31 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Thirty three gods amp oldid 1209149129, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
