Tommy Steele

For the footballer, see Tommy Steel.

Sir Thomas Hicks OBE (born 17 December 1936), known professionally as Tommy Steele, is an English entertainer, regarded as Britain's first teen idol and rock and roll star.^[1][2]

Sir Tommy Steele OBE
Tommy Steele performing in Stockholm in 1957
Background information
Birth name	Thomas Hicks
Born	(1936-12-17) 17 December 1936 (age 86) London, England
Genres	Rock and roll, skiffle
Occupation(s)	Singer, actor
Instrument(s)	Vocals, guitar, banjo
Years active	1956–present
Labels	Decca, Columbia, RCA Victor

After being discovered at the 2i's Coffee Bar in Soho, London, Steele recorded a string of hit singles including "Rock with the Caveman" (1956) and the chart-topper "Singing the Blues" (1957). Steele's rise to fame was dramatised in The Tommy Steele Story (1957), the soundtrack of which was the first British album to reach number one on the UK Albums Chart. With collaborators Lionel Bart and Mike Pratt, Steele received the 1958 Ivor Novello Award for Most Outstanding Song of the Year for "A Handful of Songs". He starred in further musical films including The Duke Wore Jeans (1958) and Tommy the Toreador (1959), the latter spawning the hit "Little White Bull".

Steele shifted away from rock and roll in the 1960s, becoming an all-round entertainer. He originated the part of Kipps in Half a Sixpence in the West End and on Broadway, reprising his role in the 1967 film version. As an actor, he notably appeared in the films The Happiest Millionaire (1967) and Finian's Rainbow (1968) and as the lead in several West End productions of Singin' in the Rain. Also an author and sculptor, Steele remains active. He was knighted in the 2020 Birthday Honours for services to entertainment and charity and was awarded the Freedom of the City of London in 2021.

Early life

Steele was born Thomas Hicks in Bermondsey, London, England, in 1936.^[3] His father, Thomas Walter Hicks, was a racing tipster and his mother, Elizabeth "Betty" Ellen Bennett, worked in a factory; they had married in 1933, in Bermondsey.

As a child, Steele spent time in hospital for porphyria. He dreamt of being a star performer after his parents took him to the London Palladium, but "didn't think you could be English and be a star".^[4] In 1952, at age 15, Steele joined the Merchant Navy, working on the Cunard line.^[5] He was not eligible for national service because of a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy.^[6]

Steele attended Bacons's College in Rotherhithe, south London.^{[citation needed]}

Career

Singer

 

Café de Paris, London, where Steele made early live appearances^[7]

Whilst working as a merchant seaman, Steele learned to play guitar and began performing country and calypso music, inspired most by Hank Williams.^[3][8][9] He has claimed that when a ship he was serving on docked in Norfolk, Virginia, U.S., he saw Buddy Holly perform and fell in love with rock and roll.^[4][10] The story conflicts with the known performances of Holly, making it appear impossible that it could have occurred as described.^[11]

On shore leave in summer 1956, Steele met writer Lionel Bart and actor Mike Pratt at a Soho party.^[12] The trio began writing together and formed a loose band, the Cavemen.^[4] Usually with the Cavemen, Steele began playing in Soho bars, including "Blue Suede Shoes" and "Heartbreak Hotel" alongside country songs in his set.^[12] A performance backed by members of the Vipers Skiffle Group at the 2i's Coffee Bar was seen by John Kennedy, a photographer and publicity man who, within two weeks, got Steele a deal with Decca.^[5][13][3] With impresario Larry Parnes, Kennedy arranged a publicity stunt in which Steele performed at a staged debutante ball, getting the singer his first national press in The People under the headline "Rock 'n' roll has got the debs too!".^[14][15] Within weeks, Steele was headlining variety bills.^[16]

Steele's first single, "Rock with the Caveman", was one of the first British rock and roll hits, reaching number 13 on the UK Singles Chart in November 1956.^[5][17] He promoted the single with his first television appearance, on bandleader Jack Payne's BBC series Off the Record and quickly became a national teen idol.^{[7][nb 1]} Steele's success saw him dubbed "Britain's Elvis", though his appeal has been characterised as less provocative than Presley's.^[5][18] A 1957 concert review by Trevor Philpott of Picture Post described Steele's act as possessing "not a trace of sex, real or implied",^[13][19] whilst Stephen Glynn has written that Steele's voice "was genial before threatening, his stage demeanour more playground skip than bedroom thrust".^[20] Steele's live performances were marked by frenzy from the teenage audience.^[21][22] His first album, Tommy Steele Stage Show, was recorded at a London concert the night before his twentieth birthday and issued in March 1957.^[7]

 

Steele on the cover of Bildjournalen^[23]

"Doomsday Rock", Steele's second single, failed to chart after its apocalyptic theme drew controversy.^[5][7] His third, "Singing the Blues", reached number 1 in January 1957, staving off a recording by Guy Mitchell for one week.^[17][24] Steele was among the first British pop stars to be heavily merchandised, with tie-in sweaters,^[25]shoes^[26] and toy guitars.^[27][28] Only a few months after his first chart presence, the singer was filming his life story; The Tommy Steele Story (1957) featured twelve new songs, written hastily by Steele, Bart and Pratt, that expanded the singer's repertoire to incorporate ballads and calypso music.^[1][29][30] The film's soundtrack was the first UK number one album by a British act,^[30] and the hit single "A Handful of Songs" received the 1958 Ivor Novello Award for Most Outstanding Song of the Year, Musically and Lyrically.^[31] By the end of 1957, Steele had bought a four-bedroomed house in South London for his parents^[32] and was reported to be earning more than British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan.^[33]

Steele made several appearances on the BBC programme Six-Five Special (1957–58), though agent Ian Bevan restricted the singer's bookings in the belief that television "tends to cheapen an artist of that nature".^[34] He performed at the Royal Albert Hall as part of the BBC's Third Annual Festival of Dance Music in April 1957^[35][36] and topped the bill at the Royal Variety Performance at the London Palladium in November 1957.^[37] In 2008, theatre producer Bill Kenwright alleged that Elvis Presley was taken on a tour of London by Steele in 1958, challenging Glasgow Prestwick Airport's accepted status as the only place in the United Kingdom where Presley set foot.^[38][39] The unverified claim caused controversy, with Steele telling the media "I swore never to divulge what took place and I regret that it has found some way of 'getting into the light'. I can only hope he [Elvis] can forgive me."^[40]

Steele starred in a dual role in his second film vehicle, The Duke Wore Jeans, released in March 1958.^[41] The film's soundtrack topped the UK Albums Chart.^[5] In May 1958, Steele was hospitalised after being mobbed by fans at a concert at Caird Hall, Dundee, having had his right arm hurt, chunks of his hair pulled out and his shirt ripped off.^[8] Steele subsequently largely withdrew from performing concerts and increasingly worked in the theatre.^[8] He continued to record rock and roll over 1958 and 1959, finding chart success with covers of US hits including "Come On, Let's Go" and "Tallahassee Lassie".^[5] In September 1958, he appeared in the first episode of Oh Boy!, Jack Good's ITV series which featured several new British rock and roll stars including Cliff Richard and Marty Wilde.^[5]

In August 1959, Steele undertook a three-day concert visit to Moscow, where The Tommy Steele Story was screened at the Kremlin.^[42] In his first colour film, Tommy the Toreador (1959), Steele proved "a real, true Danny Kaye", according to its cinematographer Gilbert Taylor.^[43] A hit single from the film, "Little White Bull", became a children's favourite after it was released in aid of a cancer research unit for children.^[5][44]

Considered Britain's first rock and roll star,^[1][2] Steele has been described by AllMusic as "the English teenager who let the genie out of the bottle, even if he wasn't the genie."^[5][13] Steele's rock and roll recordings have often divided critical opinion.^[5] In Yeah Yeah Yeah: The Story of Modern Pop (2013), Bob Stanley describes Steele's early singles as "charming and naive, endearingly amateurish, with odd smudges of echo and strangely slurred vocals".^[13] In his 1970 book Revolt into Style: The Pop Arts in Britain, George Melly derided Steele’s films of being emblematic of the "castration of early rock and roll".^[19] In 2009, the greatest hits collection The Very Best of Tommy Steele reached the Top 40 in the UK Albums Chart, the first UK chart entry for Steele in over 46 years.^[45]

Actor

The increase in home-grown musical talent during the 1950s and 1960s allowed Steele to progress to a career in stage and film musicals, leaving behind his pop-idol identity. In 1957, he was voted the seventh-most-popular actor at the British box office.^[46]

In 1960, a tour of Australia had not been particularly successful and upon his return to England he received two offers, one to star in the play Billy Liar, the other to join the Old Vic Company. He chose the latter.^[47]

In the West End, he appeared in She Stoops to Conquer,^[48] and played the title role of Hans Christian Andersen. On film, he recreated his London and Broadway stage role in Half a Sixpence and played character roles in The Happiest Millionaire and Finian's Rainbow. In this last film, he played Og, the leprechaun turning human and co-starred with Petula Clark and Fred Astaire. In 1968, British exhibitors voted him the fourth most popular star at the local box office.^[49] The following year, he starred with Stanley Baker in the period drama Where's Jack?

In April 1971, Steele starred in his own show Meet Me in London originating in Las Vegas before a limited run at London's Adelphi Theatre.^[50] The London production was troubled when Steele demanded cuts to the first act on opening night. Singer Clodagh Rodgers refused to accommodate the cuts and walked out fifteen minutes before the first night curtain. She was eventually replaced by Susan Maughan.

In 1978, Steele performed in a TV movie version of Gilbert and Sullivan's The Yeomen of the Guard (misspelt as "The Yeoman..."), singing the role of the hapless jester Jack Point.^[51]

In 1983, Steele directed and starred in the West End stage production of Singin' in the Rain at the London Palladium. In 1991, he toured with Some Like It Hot the stage version of the Billy Wilder film. In 2003, after a decade-long hiatus, save his one-man shows An Evening With Tommy Steele and What A Show!, he toured as Ebenezer Scrooge in a production of Scrooge: The Musical, an adaptation of Scrooge. Following this return, he reprised his role at the Palace Theatre, Manchester, over Christmas 2004 and brought the production to the London Palladium for Christmas 2005. In 2008, at the age of 71, Steele toured in the lead role of the stage musical Doctor Dolittle.

 

Tommy Steele, November 1999

He was the subject of This Is Your Life in 1958 when he was surprised by Eamonn Andrews at the BBC Television Theatre.

Sculptor

Steele is a respected sculptor and four of his major works have been on public display. Bermondsey Boy at Rotherhithe Town Hall in London, was stolen in 1998: its whereabouts are unknown.^[52] Eleanor Rigby, which he sculpted and donated to the City of Liverpool as a tribute to the Beatles, stands in Stanley Street, Liverpool, not far from the Cavern Club.^[3][53] Union, featuring two rugby players, is on display at Twickenham Stadium. Trinity, designed during the regeneration of the docklands area in Bermondsey, stood outside the Trinity building in Bermondsey. When Steele lived in Montrose House, Petersham, Surrey, his life-sized sculpture of Charlie Chaplin as "The Tramp" stood outside his front door.^{[citation needed]} He is also an artist of some note and has exhibited at the Royal Academy.

Writing career

In 1981, Steele wrote and published a novel titled The Final Run about World War II and the evacuation of Dunkirk.^[54]

He also wrote a children's novel, entitled Quincy, about a reject toy trying to save himself and his fellow rejects in the basement of a toy store from the furnace the day after Christmas.^[55] Released in 1983, it was based on his own television film, Quincy's Quest, from 1979, in which Steele played Quincy and Mel Martin played Quincy's girlfriend doll, Rebecca.

Steele co-wrote many of his early songs with Lionel Bart and Mike Pratt, but he used the pseudonym of Jimmy Bennett^{[nb 2]} from 1958 onwards.^[56]

On 7 November 2019, Steele was awarded a Lifetime Achievement Award by the British Music Hall Society, at a Celebratory Luncheon in Mayfair's Lansdowne Club. Those paying tribute to his then 63 years and two days in show business included Sir Tim Rice, Wyn Calvin MBE and Bill Kenwright CBE.

In May 2020, Steele announced a new project which he had been working on titled Breakheart, which was available exclusively online throughout May. Announced via a specially recorded video during the COVID-19 lockdown, Breakheart was a seven-episode audio thriller, written by Steele and set during the Second World War. A new episode was released each day for a week. Following the re-release of Breakheart for the 2020 festive period, Steele also released a specially recorded festive tale, The Christmas Mystery of Muchhope.

In June 2021, to celebrate his 65 years in the entertainment industry, his authorised biography, A Life in the Spotlight, was published by FontHill Media, written by fan and archivist Sebastian Lassandro.

Personal life

Steele and [Winifred] Ann Donoghue married at St. Patrick's Church, Soho Square, London, in spring 1960.^[57] The formal reception was held in The Savoy, followed by a private family reception in "The Bamboo Bar" on the first floor of the Carpenters Arms public house formerly located in Eltham High Street, south-east London. The couple have one daughter, Emma Elizabeth Steele, born in 1969.^[58]

Honours

In 2019, Steele was awarded the Freedom of the City of London. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the ceremony at Mansion House was delayed until 20 July 2021.

In the 1979 New Year Honours, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for his work as an entertainer and actor.^[59] He was knighted in the 2020 Birthday Honours for services to entertainment and charity.^[60][61]

Legacy

Steele's teen idol stardom was the subject of several contemporary parodies. On his album The Best of Sellers (1958), Peter Sellers portrays Cockney rock and roll star named "Mr. Iron" in the sketch "The Trumpet Volunteer".^[62] Steele's rise to fame was satirised in the 1958 West End musical Expresso Bongo and its 1959 film adaptation starring Cliff Richard.^[5]

There is a London Borough of Southwark blue plaque on Nickleby House, in the Dickens Estate in Bermondsey, commemorating Steele.^[63]

Discography

Main article: Tommy Steele discography

Filmography

• Kill Me Tomorrow (1957)
• The Tommy Steele Story (1957)
• The Duke Wore Jeans (1958)
• Tommy the Toreador (1959)
• Light Up the Sky! (US: Skywatch, 1960)
• It's All Happening (US: The Dream Maker, 1963)
• The Happiest Millionaire (1967)
• Half a Sixpence (1967)
• Finian's Rainbow (1968)
• Where's Jack? (1969)
• Twelfth Night (TV, 1970)
• Tommy Steele in Search of Charlie Chaplin (TV, 1971)
• The Yeomen of the Guard (TV, 1978)
• Quincy's Quest (1979)

Notes

1. Steele later commented "'Rock with the Caveman' must have nearly killed [Payne] as he'd never heard that type of music before."^[7]
2. His mother's maiden name

References

1. Roberts 2006
2. Tobler 1992, p. 8
3. Colin Larkin, ed. (1997). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music (Concise ed.). Virgin Books. pp. 1133/4. ISBN 1-85227-745-9.
4. Beacom, Brian (28 August 2015). "Britain's first pop star Tommy Steele on six decades in showbiz". The Herald. Glasgow. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
5. Eder, Bruce. "Tommy Steele Biography, Songs, & Albums". AllMusic. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
6. The Herald 2015 sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_Herald2015 (help)
7. Lassandro, Sebastian (2021). Tommy Steele: A Lifetime in the Spotlight. Fonthill Media. Retrieved 15 November 2022.
8. Stanley, Bob. "How Tommy Steele, Britain's biggest pin-up, was savaged by the teenage mob". The Times. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
9. Steele, Tommy (2 February 1957). "Tommy Steele Says" (PDF). Melody Maker. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
10. Quinn, Michael (23 July 2021). "The 'English Elvis': Tommy Steele's 65 years in the spotlight". The Stage. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
11. "Episode 48: "Rock with the Caveman" by Tommy Steele". 2 September 2019.
12. Spencer, Leigh (2009). "Here's what he did when he wanted to rave". Now Dig This (314).
13. Stanley, Bob (2013). Yeah Yeah Yeah: The Story of Modern Pop. Faber & Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-28198-5.
14. Kennedy, John (1958). Tommy Steele. Corgi.
15. "Rock 'n' roll has got the debs too!". The People: 1. 16 September 1956. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
16. "The green man recalls some of his most interesting assignments and the highspots of show business in 1956" (PDF). Record Mirror: 13. 22 December 1956. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
17. "Tommy Steele". Official Charts. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
18. Brownlee, Nick (2003). Bubblegum: The History Of Plastic Pop. Bobcat Books. ISBN 9780857124487.
19. "Not Fade Away 1958: Move It by Cliff Richard and the Drifters". The Herald. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
20. Glynn, Stephen (2013). The British Pop Music Film: The Beatles and Beyond. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230392236.
21. "I didn't hear a word". Leicester Mercury: 4. 9 February 1957. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
22. Gaylor, Gus (15 February 1957). "Teenage Gus Gaylor reports on a lot of Tommy rock". Peterborough Standard: 9. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
23. Mathews, Derek (2006). Tommy Steele: His Life, His Songs. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
24. "Tommy Steele gets rolling" (PDF). Melody Maker. 12 January 1957. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
25. "Rock man rock" (PDF). Melody Maker. 23 February 1957. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
26. "Rock with Coles melody makers" (PDF). Melody Maker. 16 March 1957. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
27. Schroeder's Collectible Toys: Antique to Modern Guide. Collector Boosk. 1995. ISBN 9780891456612. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
28. Lewisohn, Mark (2013). The Beatles – All These Years, Volume One: Tune In. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-1-4000-8305-3. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
29. Tobler 1992, p. 38
30. Stafford, David; Stafford, Caroline (12 December 2011). Fings Ain't Wot They Used T' Be: The Lionel Bart Story. Omnibus Press. ISBN 9780857127426. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
31. "The Ivors 1958". Ivors Academy. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
32. Tobler 1992, p. 43
33. Gilmore, Eddy (22 April 1957). "Britain's answer to Elvis to make more money than Prime Minister". Fort Worth Star-Telegram: 7. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
34. Farson, Daniel (9 March 1958). "The idol-makers". Sunday Dispatch: 8. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
35. Dawbarn, Bob (20 April 1957). "BBC dance festival is sell out" (PDF). Melody Maker. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
36. "Third Annual Festival of Dance Music 1957 - BBC Light Programme". Royal Albert Hall. 27 August 2019. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
37. Charity, Royal Variety. "Performances :: 1957, London Palladium | Royal Variety Charity". www.royalvarietycharity.org. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
38. Schmidt, Veronica (22 April 2008). "Elvis Presley made a secret visit to England". Times Online. London. from the original on 17 May 2011.
39. "Elvis's secret UK visit revealed". BBC News Online. 22 April 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
40. MacInnes, Paul (2008). "When Elvis came to London". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
41. "City cinemas". Manchester Evening News: 2. 8 April 1958. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
42. Tobler 1992, p. 71
43. Ellis, David A. (2012). Conversations with Cinematographers. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8126-6.
44. Kutner, Jon; Leigh, Spencer (2010). 1,000 UK Number One Hits. Omnibus Press. ISBN 9780857123602. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
45. Official Charts 2009 sfn error: no target: CITEREFOfficial_Charts2009 (help)
46. Most Popular Film of the Year. The Times (London, England), Thursday, 12 December 1957; p. 3; Issue 54022.
47. "Tommy Steele Off on a Third Career" by Norman Mark Chicago Daily News Service. The Washington Post, 27 February 1968: C6.
48. Australian Women's Weekly 1960 sfn error: no target: CITEREFAustralian_Women's_Weekly1960 (help)
49. "News in Brief". The Times (London, England) 31 December 1968: 2. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 12 July 2012.
50. Tobler 1992, p. 225
51. The Yeomen of the Guard 1978 at IMDb
52. Cavanagh 2007, p. 390
53. Cavanagh 1996, pp. 213–214
54. Steele 1983
55. Steele 1983b
56. "Download Lionel Bart Digital Sheet Music and Tabs". free-scores.com.
57. British Pathé 1960 sfn error: no target: CITEREFBritish_Pathé1960 (help)
58. The Scotsman 2006 sfn error: no target: CITEREFThe_Scotsman2006 (help)
59. "No. 47723". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1978. pp. 9–12.
60. "No. 63135". The London Gazette (Supplement). 10 October 2020. p. B2.
61. "Birthday Honours 2020: Marcus Rashford and Joe Wicks honoured alongside key workers". BBC News. 10 October 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
62. Mitchell, Gillian (2019). Adult Responses to Popular Music and Intergenerational Relations in Britain, C. 19551975. Anthem Press. ISBN 9781783089017. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
63. "Plaque: Tommy Steele". London Remembers. Retrieved 21 November 2020.

Sources

• "Tommy stoops to conquer". The Australian Women's Weekly. 21 December 1960. p. 76.
• British Pathé. "Tommy Steele Marries Anne Donague".

Video Newsreel of Tommy Steele's Wedding

• Cavanagh, Terry (1996). Public Sculpture of Liverpool. Public Sculpture of Britain. Liverpool UP. ISBN 978-0853237112.
• Cavanagh, Terry (2007). Public Sculpture of South London. Public Sculpture of Britain. Chicago UP. ISBN 978-1846310751.
• Cleland, Gary (23 April 2008). . Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 26 April 2008.
• "O.B.E." London Gazette. Vol. Supplement 47723. 29 December 1978. p. 12.
• "Tommy Steele". Official Charts. 2009. from the original on 3 April 2015.
• Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). Guinness World Records. p. 527. ISBN 978-1904994107.
• Steele, Tommy (1983). The Final Run. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0002227094.
• Steele, Tommy (1983b). Quincy. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0330281263.
• Steele, Tommy (2006). Bermondsey Boy: Memories of a Forgotten World. Michael Joseph. ISBN 978-0718149727.
• Beacon, Brian (28 August 2015). "Britain's first pop star Tommy Steele on six decades in showbiz". The Herald. from the original on 27 October 2016.
• "Rock on Tommy". The Scotsman. 10 September 2006. from the original on 28 January 2018.
• Tobler, John (1992). NME Rock 'N' Roll Years. Hamlyn. ISBN 978-0600576020.
• . Tommy Steele International Fan Club. Archived from the original on 5 September 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
• . Tommy Steele International Fan Club. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tommy Steele.

• Tommy Steele at IMDb  
• Tommy Steele at AllMovie  
• at the TCM Movie Database
• Tommy Steele at the Internet Broadway Database  
• Tommy Steele at the British Film Institute
• Tommy Steele discography at Discogs  
• "Tommy Steele". www.45rpm.org.uk. 2003. from the original on 2 February 2004.
• "The man who brought rock to Britain". BBC. 23 January 2004. from the original on 17 May 2004.
• Smurthwaite, Nick (7 November 2005). . The Stage. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
• Biography at Rockabilly.nl