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Mu Geminorum

January 01, 1970

Mu Geminorum or μ Geminorum, formally named Tejat (/ˈtiːdʒət/),[13] is a single star in the northern constellation of Gemini. From parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is roughly 230 light-years (71 parsecs) distant from the Sun.[1] The position of the star near the ecliptic means that it is subject to lunar occultations.[10]

μ Geminorum
Location of μ Geminorum (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Gemini
Right ascension 06h 22m 57.62686s[1]
Declination +22° 30′ 48.8979″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 2.75 - 3.02[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage asymptotic giant branch[3]
Spectral type M3 III[4]
U−B color index +1.924[5]
B−V color index +1.643[5]
Variable type LB[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+54.38±0.24[6] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +56.39[1] mas/yr
Dec.: –110.03[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)14.08 ± 0.71 mas[1]
Distance230 ± 10 ly
(71 ± 4 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−1.42[7]
Details
Mass2.1[8] M☉
Radius80 R☉[9]
104±8[10] R☉
Luminosity1,148[9] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)0.82[11] cgs
Temperature3,460[11] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.03[11] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)8.4[9] km/s
Other designations
Tejat, Mu Gem, μ Gem, 13 Geminorum, BD+22°1304, FK5 241, HD 44478, HIP 30343, HR 2286, SAO 78297, ADS 4990A, CCDM J06230+2230A, WDS J06230+2231A[12]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Mu Geminorum forms the primary or 'A' component of a double star system designated WDS J06230+2231 along with UCAC2 39641417[14] (also designated WDS J06230+2231BC), itself a binary pair.[15]

Nomenclature edit

 
μ Gem is the star on the left, surrounded by the S249 nebula. The bright star on the right, near the IC 443 supernova remnant, is η Gem.

μ Geminorum (Latinised to Mu Geminorum) is the star's Bayer designation. WDS J06230+2231 is the double star's designation in the Washington Double Star Catalog. The designations of the double star's components as WDS J06230+2231A and BC derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).[16]

Mu Geminorum bore the traditional name of Tejat (or more precisely, Tejat Posterior), from an old southern Arabic word of unknown meaning, tiḥyāt.[17] The name Tejat Posterior was formerly applied to an asterism consisting of this star, along with Gamma Geminorum (Alhena), Nu Geminorum, Eta Geminorum (Propus), and Xi Geminorum (Alzirr).[15] In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[18] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems.[19] It approved the name Tejat for the component WDS J06230+2231A (i.e. Mu Geminorum) on February 1, 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[13]

The names Calx (Latin, meaning 'heel'), Pish Pai (from the Persian پیش‌پای ('pīshpāy', meaning 'foreleg'), and Nuhatai (from Arabic 'Al Nuḥātai', the dual form of 'Al Nuḥāt', 'a Camel's Hump') have also been applied to Mu Geminorum.[20]

In Chinese, 井宿 (Jǐng Su), meaning Well (asterism), refers to an asterism consisting of Mu Geminorum, Gamma Geminorum, Nu Geminorum, Xi Geminorum, Epsilon Geminorum, 36 Geminorum, Zeta Geminorum and Lambda Geminorum.[21] Consequently, Mu Geminorum itself is known as 井宿一 (Jǐng Su yī, English: the First Star of Well).[22]

Properties edit

 
Visual band light curves for Mu Geminorum, adapted from Percy et al. (2001).[23] The 27 day periodicity is visible in the lower plot.

Mu Geminorum has an average apparent visual magnitude of about 2.9,[5][2] which makes it the fourth-brightest member of Gemini. It is 0.8 degrees south of the ecliptic, so it is subject to occultations by the Moon and, rarely, by planets.[24] Seen from Earth, its brightness is reduced by 0.07 magnitudes by extinction from intervening gas and dust.[6]

It is a slow irregular variable of type LB. Its brightness varies between magnitude +2.75 and +3.02 over a 72-day period, along with a 2,000-day period of long term variation. It is a red giant at a stellar classification of M3 III,[4] with a surface temperature of 3,773 K,[25] meaning it is brighter, yet cooler, than the Sun.[2][15] The star is currently on the asymptotic giant branch and is generating energy through the nuclear fusion of hydrogen and helium along concentric shells surrounding an inert core of carbon and oxygen.[3]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
  2. ^ a b c d mu Gem, entry in the Combined General Catalog of Variable Stars (GCVS 5.1), N. N. Samus, O. V. Durlevich, et al., database identifier B/gcvs at the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
  3. ^ a b Lebzelter, T.; Hron, J. (January 2008), "BRITE stars on the AGB", Communications in Asteroseismology, 152: 178–181, Bibcode:2008CoAst.152..178L, doi:10.1553/cia152s178.
  4. ^ a b Morgan, W. W.; Keenan, P. C. (1973), "Spectral Classification", Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 11: 29, Bibcode:1973ARA&A..11...29M, doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.11.090173.000333.
  5. ^ a b c Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; et al. (1966), "A System of photometric standards", Publications of the Department of Astronomy University of Chile, 1, Publicaciones Universidad de Chile, Department de Astronomy: 1–17, Bibcode:1966PDAUC...1....1G.
  6. ^ a b Famaey, B.; et al. (January 2005), "Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data. Revisiting the concept of superclusters", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 430 (1): 165–186, arXiv:astro-ph/0409579, Bibcode:2005A&A...430..165F, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041272, S2CID 17804304.
  7. ^ Schiavon, Ricardo P. (July 2007), "Population Synthesis in the Blue. IV. Accurate Model Predictions for Lick Indices and UBV Colors in Single Stellar Populations", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 171 (1): 146–205, arXiv:astro-ph/0611464, Bibcode:2007ApJS..171..146S, doi:10.1086/511753, S2CID 13946698.
  8. ^ Tsuji, Takashi (2007), "Isotopic abundances of Carbon and Oxygen in Oxygen-rich giant stars", Convection in Astrophysics, 239: 307, arXiv:astro-ph/0610180, Bibcode:2007IAUS..239..307T, doi:10.1017/S1743921307000622, S2CID 119362842.
  9. ^ a b c Massarotti, Alessandro; et al. (January 2008), "Rotational and Radial Velocities for a Sample of 761 HIPPARCOS Giants and the Role of Binarity", The Astronomical Journal, 135 (1): 209–231, Bibcode:2008AJ....135..209M, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/1/209, S2CID 121883397.
  10. ^ a b Mondal, Soumen; Chandrasekhar, T. (August 2005), "Angular Diameter Measurements of Evolved Variables by Lunar Occultations at 2.2 and 3.8 Microns", The Astronomical Journal, 130 (2): 842–852, arXiv:astro-ph/0504326, Bibcode:2005AJ....130..842M, doi:10.1086/430457, S2CID 14802944.
  11. ^ a b c Wu, Yue; Singh, H. P; Prugniel, P; Gupta, R; Koleva, M (2010), "Coudé-feed stellar spectral library – atmospheric parameters", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525: A71, arXiv:1009.1491, Bibcode:2011A&A...525A..71W, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015014, S2CID 53480665.
  12. ^ "mu. Gem", SIMBAD, Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved October 12, 2007.
  13. ^ a b Naming Stars, IAU.org, retrieved 16 December 2017.
  14. ^ "UCAC2 39641417 -- Double or multiple star", SIMBAD, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved 2018-07-28.
  15. ^ a b c Tejat, Jim Kaler's STARS, retrieved 2017-03-31.
  16. ^ Hessman, F. V.; Dhillon, V. S.; Winget, D. E.; Schreiber, M. R.; Horne, K.; Marsh, T. R.; Guenther, E.; Schwope, A.; Heber, U. (2010), On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets, arXiv:1012.0707.
  17. ^ Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim (2006), A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations (2nd rev. ed.), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Sky Pub, ISBN 978-1-931559-44-7.
  18. ^ "International Astronomical Union | IAU", www.iau.org, retrieved 2017-04-01.
  19. ^ WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names (PDF), p. 5, retrieved 2018-07-14.
  20. ^ Allen, Richard Hinckley (1899), Star-names and Their Meanings, G. E. Stechert, p. 236.
  21. ^ (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  22. ^ (in Chinese) 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 2010-08-19 at the Wayback Machine, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  23. ^ Percy, John R.; Wilson, Joseph B.; Henry, Gregory W. (August 2001), "Long-Term VRI Photometry of Small-Amplitude Red Variables. I. Light Curves and Periods", Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 113 (786): 983–996, Bibcode:2000AAS...197.4614P, doi:10.1086/322153, JSTOR 10.1086/322153, S2CID 14609175, retrieved 8 August 2022.
  24. ^ White, Nathaniel M.; Feierman, Barry H. (September 1987), "A Catalog of Stellar Angular Diameters Measured by Lunar Occultation", Astronomical Journal, 94: 751, Bibcode:1987AJ.....94..751W, doi:10.1086/114513.
  25. ^ Mallik, Sushma V. (December 1999), "Lithium abundance and mass", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 352: 495–507, Bibcode:1999A&A...352..495M.

External links edit

  • Astronomers Predict Eclipse of Naked-Eye Star by an Asteroid Monday Morning, Nov. 20[permanent dead link] at Spaceref.com

January 01, 1970
geminorum, geminorum, formally, named, tejat, single, star, northern, constellation, gemini, from, parallax, measurements, obtained, during, hipparcos, mission, roughly, light, years, parsecs, distant, from, position, star, near, ecliptic, means, that, subject. Mu Geminorum or m Geminorum formally named Tejat ˈ t iː dʒ e t 13 is a single star in the northern constellation of Gemini From parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission it is roughly 230 light years 71 parsecs distant from the Sun 1 The position of the star near the ecliptic means that it is subject to lunar occultations 10 m GeminorumLocation of m Geminorum circled Observation dataEpoch J2000 0 Equinox J2000 0 ICRS Constellation Gemini Right ascension 06h 22m 57 62686s 1 Declination 22 30 48 8979 1 Apparent magnitude V 2 75 3 02 2 Characteristics Evolutionary stage asymptotic giant branch 3 Spectral type M3 III 4 U B color index 1 924 5 B V color index 1 643 5 Variable type LB 2 AstrometryRadial velocity Rv 54 38 0 24 6 km sProper motion m RA 56 39 1 mas yr Dec 110 03 1 mas yrParallax p 14 08 0 71 mas 1 Distance230 10 ly 71 4 pc Absolute magnitude MV 1 42 7 DetailsMass2 1 8 M Radius80 R 9 104 8 10 R Luminosity1 148 9 L Surface gravity log g 0 82 11 cgsTemperature3 460 11 KMetallicity Fe H 0 03 11 dexRotational velocity v sin i 8 4 9 km s Other designationsTejat Mu Gem m Gem 13 Geminorum BD 22 1304 FK5 241 HD 44478 HIP 30343 HR 2286 SAO 78297 ADS 4990A CCDM J06230 2230A WDS J06230 2231A 12 Database referencesSIMBADdata Mu Geminorum forms the primary or A component of a double star system designated WDS J06230 2231 along with UCAC2 39641417 14 also designated WDS J06230 2231BC itself a binary pair 15 Contents 1 Nomenclature 2 Properties 3 References 4 External linksNomenclature edit nbsp m Gem is the star on the left surrounded by the S249 nebula The bright star on the right near the IC 443 supernova remnant is h Gem m Geminorum Latinised to Mu Geminorum is the star s Bayer designation WDS J06230 2231 is the double star s designation in the Washington Double Star Catalog The designations of the double star s components as WDS J06230 2231A and BC derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog WMC for multiple star systems and adopted by the International Astronomical Union IAU 16 Mu Geminorum bore the traditional name of Tejat or more precisely Tejat Posterior from an old southern Arabic word of unknown meaning tiḥyat 17 The name Tejat Posterior was formerly applied to an asterism consisting of this star along with Gamma Geminorum Alhena Nu Geminorum Eta Geminorum Propus and Xi Geminorum Alzirr 15 In 2016 the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names WGSN 18 to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems 19 It approved the name Tejat for the component WDS J06230 2231A i e Mu Geminorum on February 1 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU approved Star Names 13 The names Calx Latin meaning heel Pish Pai from the Persian پیش پای pishpay meaning foreleg and Nuhatai from Arabic Al Nuḥatai the dual form of Al Nuḥat a Camel s Hump have also been applied to Mu Geminorum 20 In Chinese 井宿 Jǐng Su meaning Well asterism refers to an asterism consisting of Mu Geminorum Gamma Geminorum Nu Geminorum Xi Geminorum Epsilon Geminorum 36 Geminorum Zeta Geminorum and Lambda Geminorum 21 Consequently Mu Geminorum itself is known as 井宿一 Jǐng Su yi English the First Star of Well 22 Properties edit nbsp Visual band light curves for Mu Geminorum adapted from Percy et al 2001 23 The 27 day periodicity is visible in the lower plot Mu Geminorum has an average apparent visual magnitude of about 2 9 5 2 which makes it the fourth brightest member of Gemini It is 0 8 degrees south of the ecliptic so it is subject to occultations by the Moon and rarely by planets 24 Seen from Earth its brightness is reduced by 0 07 magnitudes by extinction from intervening gas and dust 6 It is a slow irregular variable of type LB Its brightness varies between magnitude 2 75 and 3 02 over a 72 day period along with a 2 000 day period of long term variation It is a red giant at a stellar classification of M3 III 4 with a surface temperature of 3 773 K 25 meaning it is brighter yet cooler than the Sun 2 15 The star is currently on the asymptotic giant branch and is generating energy through the nuclear fusion of hydrogen and helium along concentric shells surrounding an inert core of carbon and oxygen 3 References edit a b c d e f van Leeuwen F November 2007 Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction Astronomy and Astrophysics 474 2 653 664 arXiv 0708 1752 Bibcode 2007A amp A 474 653V doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20078357 S2CID 18759600 a b c d mu Gem entry in the Combined General Catalog of Variable Stars GCVS 5 1 N N Samus O V Durlevich et al database identifier B gcvs at the Centre de Donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg a b Lebzelter T Hron J January 2008 BRITE stars on the AGB Communications in Asteroseismology 152 178 181 Bibcode 2008CoAst 152 178L doi 10 1553 cia152s178 a b Morgan W W Keenan P C 1973 Spectral Classification Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 11 29 Bibcode 1973ARA amp A 11 29M doi 10 1146 annurev aa 11 090173 000333 a b c Gutierrez Moreno Adelina et al 1966 A System of photometric standards Publications of the Department of Astronomy University of Chile 1 Publicaciones Universidad de Chile Department de Astronomy 1 17 Bibcode 1966PDAUC 1 1G a b Famaey B et al January 2005 Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL Hipparcos Tycho 2 data Revisiting the concept of superclusters Astronomy and Astrophysics 430 1 165 186 arXiv astro ph 0409579 Bibcode 2005A amp A 430 165F doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20041272 S2CID 17804304 Schiavon Ricardo P July 2007 Population Synthesis in the Blue IV Accurate Model Predictions for Lick Indices and UBV Colors in Single Stellar Populations The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 171 1 146 205 arXiv astro ph 0611464 Bibcode 2007ApJS 171 146S doi 10 1086 511753 S2CID 13946698 Tsuji Takashi 2007 Isotopic abundances of Carbon and Oxygen in Oxygen rich giant stars Convection in Astrophysics 239 307 arXiv astro ph 0610180 Bibcode 2007IAUS 239 307T doi 10 1017 S1743921307000622 S2CID 119362842 a b c Massarotti Alessandro et al January 2008 Rotational and Radial Velocities for a Sample of 761 HIPPARCOS Giants and the Role of Binarity The Astronomical Journal 135 1 209 231 Bibcode 2008AJ 135 209M doi 10 1088 0004 6256 135 1 209 S2CID 121883397 a b Mondal Soumen Chandrasekhar T August 2005 Angular Diameter Measurements of Evolved Variables by Lunar Occultations at 2 2 and 3 8 Microns The Astronomical Journal 130 2 842 852 arXiv astro ph 0504326 Bibcode 2005AJ 130 842M doi 10 1086 430457 S2CID 14802944 a b c Wu Yue Singh H P Prugniel P Gupta R Koleva M 2010 Coude feed stellar spectral library atmospheric parameters Astronomy amp Astrophysics 525 A71 arXiv 1009 1491 Bibcode 2011A amp A 525A 71W doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201015014 S2CID 53480665 mu Gem SIMBAD Centre de donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg retrieved October 12 2007 a b Naming Stars IAU org retrieved 16 December 2017 UCAC2 39641417 Double or multiple star SIMBAD Centre de Donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg retrieved 2018 07 28 a b c Tejat Jim Kaler s STARS retrieved 2017 03 31 Hessman F V Dhillon V S Winget D E Schreiber M R Horne K Marsh T R Guenther E Schwope A Heber U 2010 On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets arXiv 1012 0707 Kunitzsch Paul Smart Tim 2006 A Dictionary of Modern star Names A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations 2nd rev ed Cambridge Massachusetts Sky Pub ISBN 978 1 931559 44 7 International Astronomical Union IAU www iau org retrieved 2017 04 01 WG Triennial Report 2015 2018 Star Names PDF p 5 retrieved 2018 07 14 Allen Richard Hinckley 1899 Star names and Their Meanings G E Stechert p 236 in Chinese 中國星座神話 written by 陳久金 Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司 2005 ISBN 978 986 7332 25 7 in Chinese 香港太空館 研究資源 亮星中英對照表 Archived 2010 08 19 at the Wayback Machine Hong Kong Space Museum Accessed on line November 23 2010 Percy John R Wilson Joseph B Henry Gregory W August 2001 Long Term VRI Photometry of Small Amplitude Red Variables I Light Curves and Periods Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 113 786 983 996 Bibcode 2000AAS 197 4614P doi 10 1086 322153 JSTOR 10 1086 322153 S2CID 14609175 retrieved 8 August 2022 White Nathaniel M Feierman Barry H September 1987 A Catalog of Stellar Angular Diameters Measured by Lunar Occultation Astronomical Journal 94 751 Bibcode 1987AJ 94 751W doi 10 1086 114513 Mallik Sushma V December 1999 Lithium abundance and mass Astronomy and Astrophysics 352 495 507 Bibcode 1999A amp A 352 495M External links editAstronomers Predict Eclipse of Naked Eye Star by an Asteroid Monday Morning Nov 20 permanent dead link at Spaceref com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mu Geminorum amp oldid 1176939471, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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