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Stanley Bate

October 27, 2023

For the British architect, see Stanley Kerr Bate.

Stanley Bate (12 December 1911 – 19 October 1959) was an English composer and pianist.[1]

Life edit

Bate was born in Milehouse, Devonshire, a suburb of Plymouth, and received his first musical education from local teachers.[2] He took to the piano early and by the age of 12 had secured a post as organist at Herbert Street Methodist Church in Devonport.[3] His first opera, The Forest Enchanted, was completed in 1928 when he was 17, and produced locally with Bate conducting.[4] Winning a scholarship to the Royal College of Music, he studied under Ralph Vaughan Williams, R.O. Morris, Gordon Jacob, and Arthur Benjamin. Compositions from this time include the String Quartet No 1 (1936) and the Symphony No 1 in E♭, which was first performed at the College in 1936.[2] He went on to study abroad, for two years, first in Paris with Nadia Boulanger and then in Berlin with Paul Hindemith.

On his return to the UK in 1937 Bate was commissioned to compose the Concertino for piano and chamber orchestra, performed at the Eastbourne Music Festival in February 1938 with Frederic Lamond as the soloist, conducted by Kneale Kelly.[5] Bate also began writing incidental music for theatre director Michel Saint-Denis (including productions of Twelfth Night and The Cherry Orchard) and produced two ballet scores - Perseus for Les Trois Arts[6] and Cap Over Mill, for Ballet Rambert.[7]

While at the College Bate met Australian-born fellow student and composer Peggy Glanville-Hicks. Although Bate was openly homosexual[8] they married in 1938 and remained together until a divorce in 1949. She was very supportive of his career, at some cost to her own.[9] There were also reports of domestic violence.[10] After the divorce Bate married the Brazilian diplomat Margarida Guedes Nogueira.[2]

At the outbreak of war Bate embarked on British Council funded tours of the US, Australia and Brazil, promoting British culture. With Glanville-Hicks he moved to America in 1941 and saw great successes there, including a performance in February 1942 at Carnegie Hall of his Second Piano Concerto by the New York Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Thomas Beecham with the composer as soloist.[4] A grant by the Guggenheim Foundation in April 1942 helped with funding.[11] Other successful US premieres included the Sinfonietta No 1 in 1942 (ISCM, Berkeley California), the String Quartet No 2, given by the Lener Quartet in 1943, and the Viola Concerto in 1946, performed by Emanuel Vardi with the NBC Symphony Orchestra.[2]

Returning to the UK in 1949 (via Brusssels and Paris), Bate found it hard to replicate his international successes at home. However, the Violin Concerto No 3 (1947–50) received a successful performance at the Royal Festival Hall with the London Symphony Orchestra and Antonio Brosa soloist in 1953. The premiere of the Symphony No 3 at the Cheltenham Festival in 1954 - some fourteen years after its completion[12] - was unanimously well received by critics. The Musical Times called it "exhilarating, hard-hitting music".[13] The BBC has been criticised for its lack of support for his music, but it did stage the world premiere of his Piano Concerto No 3 at the Proms on 30 August 1957 with the composer as soloist and Malcolm Sargent conducting the BBC Symphony Orchestra.[14] And the first broadcast of the Symphony No 4 was given on 3 April 1958 by the BBC Northern Orchestra, conducted by Lawrence Leonard.[15]

Short of money and depressed by his lack of recognition, Bate died in 1959 aged 47, having suffered a breakdown a few months before. The coroner's verdict was death due to complications of alcohol, though other reports suggested a drug overdose.[2]

Music edit

The music of Stanley Bate quickly fell into obscurity following his death. The Third Symphony (1940) was long regarded as his best work in his home country, although critics were quick to point out its influences. "The second subject of the first movement is almost pure Vaughan Williams, the slow movement almost pure Hindemith, and Boulanger's influence may be detected in the Stravinskian rhythms of the last movement", wrote the Manchester Guardian critic. The opening of Walton's landmark Symphony No. 1, which preceded it by five years, is echoed in the opening figures of the finale.[12] Mark Lehman described the work as "very much a 'war symphony' with kinships to the contemporaneous symphonies of Arthur Benjamin, Richard Arnell and Bernard Herrmann".[16] There was a further performance of the Third Symphony at Cheltenham in 1965, but it took until 2006 for a new performance to be broadcast,[17] followed by a commercial recording in 2010.[18]

That same year, a recording of the Viola Concerto (1944-6) by Roger Chase and the BBC Concert Orchestra conducted by Stephen Bell helped spark a modern revival of interest.[19] This intensively lyrical work also immediately brings to mind the music of Vaughan Williams, to whom it is dedicated.[20] Recordings of the Symphony No 4 (1954–55)[21] followed in 2011, and the Third Piano Concerto (1938) and Sinfonietta No 1 (1940) in 2012.[22] A recording of the Cello Concerto (1954) was issued by Lyrita in 2015.[23]

Works edit

Opera
  • The Forest Enchanted, 1928
  • All for the Queen, 1929–30

Ballet

  • Eros, 1935
  • Goyescas, 1937
  • Juanita (mime-ballet), 1938
  • Cap over Mill, Op. 27, 1939
  • Perseus, Op. 26, 1939 (published Schott, 1941)
  • Dance Variations, Op. 49, 1944–6
  • Highland Fling, 1946
  • Troilus and Cressida, Op. 60, 1948

Incidental music

Film music

  • The Fifth Year, 1944
  • Jean Helion, 1946
  • The Pleasure Garden, 1952–3
  • Light through the Ages, 1953

Orchestral

  • Symphony No. 1 in E♭ (fp 1936)
  • Symphony No. 2, Op. 20, 1937–9
  • Sinfonietta No. 1, Op. 22, 1938
  • Symphony No. 3, Op. 29, 1940
  • Sinfonietta No. 2, Op. 39, 1944
  • Pastorale, Op. 48a, c. 1946
  • Concerto Grosso, 1952
  • Symphony No. 4, 1954–5
  • Associated-Rediffusion March, c.1957[24]

Concertante

  • Piano Concertante, Op. 24, 1936–8 (published Schott, 1941)
  • Concertino, Op. 21, 1937
  • Piano Concerto No. 2, Op. 28, 1940
  • Concerto for Two Pianos and Orchestra, Op. 43
  • Violin Concerto. No. 2, Op. 42, 1943
  • Haneen, Op. 50, 1944 (aka Fantasy on an Arabian Theme for flute, gong and strings)
  • Viola Concerto, Op. 46, 1944–6
  • Violin Concerto No. 3, Op. 58, 1947–50
  • Piano Concerto No. 3, Op. 66, 1951–2
  • Harpsichord Concerto, 1952–5
  • Cello Concerto, 1953
  • Piano Concerto No. 4, c. 1955
  • Piano Concerto No. 5, 1958

Chamber music

  • String Quartet No. 1, 1936
  • Flute Sonata, Op. 11, 1937 (published Oiseau-Lyre, 1938)
  • Five Pieces, for string quartet, Op. 23, c. 1937
  • Sonatina for recorder, Op. 12, 1938
  • String Quartet No. 2, Op. 41, 1942
  • Violin Sonata No. 1, Op. 47, 1946
  • Oboe Sonata, Op. 52, 1946
  • Fantasy for cello, Op. 56, 1946–7
  • Recitative for Cello, Op. 52a, 1946–7
  • Pastorale, Op. 57, c. 1947
  • Violin Sonata No. 2, 1950

Piano

  • Six Pieces for an Infant Prodigy, Op. 13, c. 1938
  • Two Sonatinas, Op. 19, 1939–41
  • Romance and Toccata, Op. 25, 1941[25]
  • Sonatinas Nos. 3–9, Opp. 30–6, 1942–3
  • Overture to a Russian War Relief Concert, Op. 37, c. 1943
  • Three Pieces for two pianos, Op. 38, 1943
  • Sonata No. 1, Op. 45, 1943
  • Piano Suite No. 1, Op. 44, 1943[26]
  • Three Mazurkas, Op. 38a, 1944
  • Sonata No. 2, Op. 59, 1947
  • Sonata No. 3, Op. 62, 1949
  • 17 Preludes, Op. 64, 1949
  • Prelude, Rondo and Toccata, 1953

Vocal

References edit

  1. ^ Barlow, Michael (2001). "Bate, Stanley". Grove Music Online. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.02296. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e "STANLEY BATE - Forgotten International Composer. by Michael Barlow and Robert Barnett". Musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  3. ^ Devonport Morice Town Primitive Methodist Chapel, Herbert Street. The church was destroyed in the Second World War
  4. ^ a b Obituary, Musical Times, December 1959, p 680-1
  5. ^ Radio Times, Issue 749, 8 February 1938, p. 45, Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk
  6. ^ "Perseus". En.schoot-music.com. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  7. ^ "Cap Over Mill". Rambert.org.uk. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  8. ^ Commire, Anne; Klezmer, Deborah (1999). Women in world history: a biographical encyclopedia. Vol. 6. Yorkin Publications. p. 276.
  9. ^ Robinson, Suzanne (16 June 2019). Peggy Glanville-Hicks: Composer and Critic. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252051401. Retrieved 21 July 2020 – via Google Books.
  10. ^ Meacham, Steve (2 December 2011). "Life: on that score composer was an original". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  11. ^ "John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Stanley Bate". Gf.org. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  12. ^ a b 'First performance after 14 years: Bate's Third Symphony', Manchester Guardian, 16 July 1954, p 5
  13. ^ Musical Times No 1339, September 1954, p 491
  14. ^ "Prom 36". BBC Music Events. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  15. ^ Radio Times Issue 1794, 30 March 1958, p 47, Genome.ch.bbc.co.uk
  16. ^ American Record Guide, May/June 2010, p 61
  17. ^ "Afternoon Performance". BBC Genome. 14 March 2006. p. 130. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  18. ^ Royal Scottish Orchestra, conducted by Martin Yates, Dutton 7239 (2010)
  19. ^ Dutton Vocalion CDLX 7216, Duttonvocalion.co.uk
  20. ^ "Bate, Vaughan Williams, Bell Roger Chase (violia) CDLX7216 [MC]: Classical Music Reviews - January 2010 MusicWeb-International". Musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  21. ^ Dutton Vocalion CDLX 7255, Duttonvocalion.co.uk
  22. ^ Stanley Bate & Franz Reizenstein: Piano Concertos, Dutton Vocalion CDLX 7282, Duttonvocalion.co.uk
  23. ^ Cello Concerto, reviewed by MusicWeb International
  24. ^ "Rising star - Start-ups - Transdiffusion Broadcasting System". Transdiffusion.org. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  25. ^ "Romance performed by Jeffrey Wagner". YouTube. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  26. ^ "Piano Suite No. 1, first movement performed by Duncan Appleby". YouTube. Retrieved 21 July 2020.

External links edit

  • Barlow, Michael and Barnett Robert. Stanley Bate, Forgotten International Composer at MusicWeb International
  • BBC Radio 3 Documentary: The Lonely Death of Stanley Bate, 2 February 2020
  • Stanley Bate archive, Royal College of Music

October 27, 2023
stanley, bate, british, architect, stanley, kerr, bate, december, 1911, october, 1959, english, composer, pianist, contents, life, music, works, references, external, linkslife, editbate, born, milehouse, devonshire, suburb, plymouth, received, first, musical,. For the British architect see Stanley Kerr Bate Stanley Bate 12 December 1911 19 October 1959 was an English composer and pianist 1 Contents 1 Life 2 Music 3 Works 4 References 5 External linksLife editBate was born in Milehouse Devonshire a suburb of Plymouth and received his first musical education from local teachers 2 He took to the piano early and by the age of 12 had secured a post as organist at Herbert Street Methodist Church in Devonport 3 His first opera The Forest Enchanted was completed in 1928 when he was 17 and produced locally with Bate conducting 4 Winning a scholarship to the Royal College of Music he studied under Ralph Vaughan Williams R O Morris Gordon Jacob and Arthur Benjamin Compositions from this time include the String Quartet No 1 1936 and the Symphony No 1 in E which was first performed at the College in 1936 2 He went on to study abroad for two years first in Paris with Nadia Boulanger and then in Berlin with Paul Hindemith On his return to the UK in 1937 Bate was commissioned to compose the Concertino for piano and chamber orchestra performed at the Eastbourne Music Festival in February 1938 with Frederic Lamond as the soloist conducted by Kneale Kelly 5 Bate also began writing incidental music for theatre director Michel Saint Denis including productions of Twelfth Night and The Cherry Orchard and produced two ballet scores Perseus for Les Trois Arts 6 and Cap Over Mill for Ballet Rambert 7 While at the College Bate met Australian born fellow student and composer Peggy Glanville Hicks Although Bate was openly homosexual 8 they married in 1938 and remained together until a divorce in 1949 She was very supportive of his career at some cost to her own 9 There were also reports of domestic violence 10 After the divorce Bate married the Brazilian diplomat Margarida Guedes Nogueira 2 At the outbreak of war Bate embarked on British Council funded tours of the US Australia and Brazil promoting British culture With Glanville Hicks he moved to America in 1941 and saw great successes there including a performance in February 1942 at Carnegie Hall of his Second Piano Concerto by the New York Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Thomas Beecham with the composer as soloist 4 A grant by the Guggenheim Foundation in April 1942 helped with funding 11 Other successful US premieres included the Sinfonietta No 1 in 1942 ISCM Berkeley California the String Quartet No 2 given by the Lener Quartet in 1943 and the Viola Concerto in 1946 performed by Emanuel Vardi with the NBC Symphony Orchestra 2 Returning to the UK in 1949 via Brusssels and Paris Bate found it hard to replicate his international successes at home However the Violin Concerto No 3 1947 50 received a successful performance at the Royal Festival Hall with the London Symphony Orchestra and Antonio Brosa soloist in 1953 The premiere of the Symphony No 3 at the Cheltenham Festival in 1954 some fourteen years after its completion 12 was unanimously well received by critics The Musical Times called it exhilarating hard hitting music 13 The BBC has been criticised for its lack of support for his music but it did stage the world premiere of his Piano Concerto No 3 at the Proms on 30 August 1957 with the composer as soloist and Malcolm Sargent conducting the BBC Symphony Orchestra 14 And the first broadcast of the Symphony No 4 was given on 3 April 1958 by the BBC Northern Orchestra conducted by Lawrence Leonard 15 Short of money and depressed by his lack of recognition Bate died in 1959 aged 47 having suffered a breakdown a few months before The coroner s verdict was death due to complications of alcohol though other reports suggested a drug overdose 2 Music editThe music of Stanley Bate quickly fell into obscurity following his death The Third Symphony 1940 was long regarded as his best work in his home country although critics were quick to point out its influences The second subject of the first movement is almost pure Vaughan Williams the slow movement almost pure Hindemith and Boulanger s influence may be detected in the Stravinskian rhythms of the last movement wrote the Manchester Guardian critic The opening of Walton s landmark Symphony No 1 which preceded it by five years is echoed in the opening figures of the finale 12 Mark Lehman described the work as very much a war symphony with kinships to the contemporaneous symphonies of Arthur Benjamin Richard Arnell and Bernard Herrmann 16 There was a further performance of the Third Symphony at Cheltenham in 1965 but it took until 2006 for a new performance to be broadcast 17 followed by a commercial recording in 2010 18 That same year a recording of the Viola Concerto 1944 6 by Roger Chase and the BBC Concert Orchestra conducted by Stephen Bell helped spark a modern revival of interest 19 This intensively lyrical work also immediately brings to mind the music of Vaughan Williams to whom it is dedicated 20 Recordings of the Symphony No 4 1954 55 21 followed in 2011 and the Third Piano Concerto 1938 and Sinfonietta No 1 1940 in 2012 22 A recording of the Cello Concerto 1954 was issued by Lyrita in 2015 23 Works editOpera The Forest Enchanted 1928 All for the Queen 1929 30Ballet Eros 1935 Goyescas 1937 Juanita mime ballet 1938 Cap over Mill Op 27 1939 Perseus Op 26 1939 published Schott 1941 Dance Variations Op 49 1944 6 Highland Fling 1946 Troilus and Cressida Op 60 1948Incidental music Electra Sophocles 1938 Bodas de Sangre Federico Garcia Lorca c 1938 The Cherry Orchard Anton Chekhov c 1938 Twelfth Night Shakespeare c 1938 The White Guard c 1938 The Patriots Sidney Kingsley 1944Film music The Fifth Year 1944 Jean Helion 1946 The Pleasure Garden 1952 3 Light through the Ages 1953Orchestral Symphony No 1 in E fp 1936 Symphony No 2 Op 20 1937 9 Sinfonietta No 1 Op 22 1938 Symphony No 3 Op 29 1940 Sinfonietta No 2 Op 39 1944 Pastorale Op 48a c 1946 Concerto Grosso 1952 Symphony No 4 1954 5 Associated Rediffusion March c 1957 24 Concertante Piano Concertante Op 24 1936 8 published Schott 1941 Concertino Op 21 1937 Piano Concerto No 2 Op 28 1940 Concerto for Two Pianos and Orchestra Op 43 Violin Concerto No 2 Op 42 1943 Haneen Op 50 1944 aka Fantasy on an Arabian Theme for flute gong and strings Viola Concerto Op 46 1944 6 Violin Concerto No 3 Op 58 1947 50 Piano Concerto No 3 Op 66 1951 2 Harpsichord Concerto 1952 5 Cello Concerto 1953 Piano Concerto No 4 c 1955 Piano Concerto No 5 1958Chamber music String Quartet No 1 1936 Flute Sonata Op 11 1937 published Oiseau Lyre 1938 Five Pieces for string quartet Op 23 c 1937 Sonatina for recorder Op 12 1938 String Quartet No 2 Op 41 1942 Violin Sonata No 1 Op 47 1946 Oboe Sonata Op 52 1946 Fantasy for cello Op 56 1946 7 Recitative for Cello Op 52a 1946 7 Pastorale Op 57 c 1947 Violin Sonata No 2 1950Piano Six Pieces for an Infant Prodigy Op 13 c 1938 Two Sonatinas Op 19 1939 41 Romance and Toccata Op 25 1941 25 Sonatinas Nos 3 9 Opp 30 6 1942 3 Overture to a Russian War Relief Concert Op 37 c 1943 Three Pieces for two pianos Op 38 1943 Sonata No 1 Op 45 1943 Piano Suite No 1 Op 44 1943 26 Three Mazurkas Op 38a 1944 Sonata No 2 Op 59 1947 Sonata No 3 Op 62 1949 17 Preludes Op 64 1949 Prelude Rondo and Toccata 1953Vocal Incantations E Jolas Op 48 published Scott AMP 1945 Four Songs A E Housman Op 51 1945 Pomes Penyeach James Joyce Op 53 1946 Three Songs C Day Lewis E Sitwell Joyce Op 55 1946 Three Songs Hilaire Belloc Op 61 1947 8 Six Songs S Smith 1952References edit Barlow Michael 2001 Bate Stanley Grove Music Online doi 10 1093 gmo 9781561592630 article 02296 ISBN 978 1 56159 263 0 Retrieved 21 July 2020 a b c d e STANLEY BATE Forgotten International Composer by Michael Barlow and Robert Barnett Musicweb international com Retrieved 21 July 2020 Devonport Morice Town Primitive Methodist Chapel Herbert Street The church was destroyed in the Second World War a b Obituary Musical Times December 1959 p 680 1 Radio Times Issue 749 8 February 1938 p 45 Genome ch bbc co uk Perseus En schoot music com Retrieved 21 July 2020 Cap Over Mill Rambert org uk Retrieved 21 July 2020 Commire Anne Klezmer Deborah 1999 Women in world history a biographical encyclopedia Vol 6 Yorkin Publications p 276 Robinson Suzanne 16 June 2019 Peggy Glanville Hicks Composer and Critic University of Illinois Press ISBN 9780252051401 Retrieved 21 July 2020 via Google Books Meacham Steve 2 December 2011 Life on that score composer was an original The Sydney Morning Herald Retrieved 21 July 2020 John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Stanley Bate Gf org Retrieved 21 July 2020 a b First performance after 14 years Bate s Third Symphony Manchester Guardian 16 July 1954 p 5 Musical Times No 1339 September 1954 p 491 Prom 36 BBC Music Events Retrieved 21 July 2020 Radio Times Issue 1794 30 March 1958 p 47 Genome ch bbc co uk American Record Guide May June 2010 p 61 Afternoon Performance BBC Genome 14 March 2006 p 130 Retrieved 21 July 2020 Royal Scottish Orchestra conducted by Martin Yates Dutton 7239 2010 Dutton Vocalion CDLX 7216 Duttonvocalion co uk Bate Vaughan Williams Bell Roger Chase violia CDLX7216 MC Classical Music Reviews January 2010 MusicWeb International Musicweb international com Retrieved 21 July 2020 Dutton Vocalion CDLX 7255 Duttonvocalion co uk Stanley Bate amp Franz Reizenstein Piano Concertos Dutton Vocalion CDLX 7282 Duttonvocalion co uk Cello Concerto reviewed by MusicWeb International Rising star Start ups Transdiffusion Broadcasting System Transdiffusion org Retrieved 21 July 2020 Romance performed by Jeffrey Wagner YouTube Retrieved 21 July 2020 Piano Suite No 1 first movement performed by Duncan Appleby YouTube Retrieved 21 July 2020 External links editBarlow Michael and Barnett Robert Stanley Bate Forgotten International Composer at MusicWeb International BBC Radio 3 Documentary The Lonely Death of Stanley Bate 2 February 2020 Stanley Bate archive Royal College of Music Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Stanley Bate amp oldid 1175348949, 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