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Stanisławów Voivodeship

March 04, 2023

Stanisławów Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo stanisławowskie) was an administrative district of the interwar Poland (1920–1939). It was established in December 1920 with an administrative center in Stanisławów. The voivodeship had an area of 16,900 km2 and comprised twelve counties (powiaty). Following World War II, at the insistence of Joseph Stalin during Tehran Conference of 1943, Poland's borders were redrawn, Polish population forcibly resettled and Stanisławów Voivodeship was incorporated into the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic as Stanislav Oblast (later renamed as Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast).

Stanisławów Voivodeship
Województwo stanisławowskie
Voivodeship of Poland
1920–1939
Coat of arms

Location of Stanisławów Voivodeship (red)
within the Second Republic of Poland (1938).
CapitalStanisławów
Area 
• 1921
18,368 km2 (7,092 sq mi)
• 1939
16,894 km2 (6,523 sq mi)
Population 
• 1921
1348580
• 1931
1480300
History
Government
 • TypeVoivodeship
Voivode 
• 1921–1925 (first)
Edmund Jurystowski
• Jan–Sep 1939 (last)
Stanisław Jarecki
History 
• Established
23 December 1920
17 September 1939
• replaced with Stanislav Oblast, Ukrainian SSR
27 November 1939
Political subdivisions15 powiats

September 1939 and its aftermath

Following German invasion on Poland, and in accordance with the secret protocol of Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Soviet forces invaded eastern Poland on September 17, 1939. As bulk of the Polish Army was concentrated in the west, fighting Germans, the Soviets met with little resistance and their troops quickly moved westwards. Polish authorities originally intended to organize anti-German resistance in Stanisławów Voivodeship (see: Romanian Bridgehead), with Polish Army units planned to stand ground until the spring of 1940 when French attack on Germany was expected. However, the Soviet invasion of Poland rendered these plans ineffectual. It is estimated that prior to Soviet counter-offensive in the later part of World War II, over 18,000 Polish civilians in Stanisławów Voivodeship fell victims to OUN-UPA massacres.[1][2]

Demographics

The Voivodeship's capital was Stanisławów (now Ivano-Frankivsk in Ukraine). In 1921 was inhabited by 1,339,191 people, and its population density was 72.9 persons per km2. Ukrainians and Ruthenians constituted 68% of the population, especially in the countryside. Poles, distributed across the entire Voivodeship, made around 23%, Polish Jews (mainly in towns), around 7%. Also, there were smaller communities of Galician Germans. In 1931 the population grew to 1,480,300 (mainly among Polish settlers) and the density to 88 persons per km2.

Geography

The Stanisławów Voivodeship's area was 16,894 square kilometers. It was located in south-eastern corner of the country, bordering Tarnopol Voivodeship to the northeast, Lwów Voivodeship to the west, Czechoslovakia (Between 1919 and 1938), Hungary (Between 1938 and 1939) and Romania to the south. It was in large part covered by forests of the Carpathian Mountains, with numerous mountain spas (Worochta, Skole, Dolina, Żabie, Sławsko, Woronienka, Jaremcza, Kuty). The landscape was hilly (in the north) and mountainous (in the south), with Hoverla in the Chornohora range as the highest peak (2060 meters above sea level). The other significant mountain range was the Gorgany.

The main river was the Dniester, which also marked border with the Tarnopol Voivodeship. Other rivers were: the Prut, the Stryj and the Cheremosh (the last one was at the same time bordering Poland from Romania).

Administrative divisions

Before the onset of World War II the Stanisławów Voivodeship consisted of 15 powiats (counties) (earlier 12), 29 towns, 904 villages and numerous smaller communities (futory, kolonie). Those were the same 12 powiats that were part of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria with the addition of Turka powiat later on. Its capital Stanisławów was the largest city, with population of some 60,000 (as of 1931). Other important municipal centers of the voivodeship were: Kołomyja (pop. 33,800), Stryj (pop. 30,500), Horodenka (pop. 12,200), Kalusz (pop. 12,100), Sniatyn (pop. 10,800) and Bolechow (pop. 10,700).

 
Map of Stanisławów Voivodeship with Counties

The Stanisławów Voivodeship consisted of 12 powiats (counties):

  1. Dolina Powiat (2,397 km2)
  2. Horodenka Powiat (849 km2)
  3. Kałusz Powiat (1,137 km2)
  4. Kołomyja Powiat (1,339 km2), joined with Peczeniżyn Powiat
  5. Kosów Powiat (1,839 km2)
  6. Nadwórna Powiat (2,472 km2)
  7. Rohatyn Powiat (1,147 km2)
  8. Stanisławów Powiat (1,249 km2), joined with Bohorodczan Powiat
  9. Stryj Powiat (2,081 km2), joined with Skolski Powiat
  10. Śniatyń Powiat (567 km2)
  11. Tłumacz Powiat (934 km2)
  12. Żydaczów Powiat (883 km2)

Railroads and industry

The Stanisławów Voivodeship was located in the so-called Poland "B" region, which meant that it was underdeveloped, with low level of industry and considerable numbers of inhabitants living in poverty. Agricultural production was low due to poor quality of soil. Since mid-1930s, the area was quickly gaining popularity as a tourist destination, with numbers of visitors to mountain springs rising steadily year by year. Railroad network was well-developed in the north, with such important junctions as Stanisławów, Kołomyja and Stryj. In the south, however, rail connections were lacking.

On January 1, 1938, total length of railroads within Voivodeship's boundaries was 755 kilometers (4.5 km. per 100 km2).

Voivodes

 
Administrative divisions, 1938
 
Building of the Voivodeship administration (today Medical University)

The local government of voivodeship and city was located at address Ulica Karpinskiego, 7 (today - vulytsia Halytska, 2).

  • Edmund Jurystowski: 21 October 1921 – 18 August 1925
  • Aleksander Des Loges: 18 August 1925 – 25 October 1926
  • Władysław Korsak: 18 December 1926 – 12 September 1927
  • Aleksander Morawski: 28 October 1927 – 30 October 1928
  • Bronisław Nakoniecznikow-Klukowski: 30 October 1928 – 29 August 1930
  • Zygmunt Jagodziński: 3 September 1930 – 1 February 1936 (acting until 2 February 1931)
  • Mieczysław Starzyński: 11 February 1936 – 22 June 1936 (acting )
  • Jan Sawicki: 23 June 1936 – July 1936
  • Stefan Pasławski: 14 July 1936 – 20 January 1939
  • Stanisław Jarecki: 20 January 1939 – 2 September 1939

Following Soviet invasion of Poland on 17 September 1939, the voivodeship existed until 27 November 1939. On 6 October 1939 – 27 November 1939 the voivodeship was governed by Soviet provisional chairman of Civilian Administration Mikhail Grulenko who later continued to hold his post as the 1st secretary of the CPU in the region.

See also

References

  1. ^ Władysław Siemaszko, Ewa Siemaszko, Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939–1945, vol. 1–2, Warsaw, 2000; pp. 1056–1057.
  2. ^ Szczepan Siekierka, H. Komański, E. Różański, Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na Polakach w województwie stanisławowskim w latach 1939–1946, Wrocław, 2007, op. cit., s. 36, 118, 169, 258, 292, 354, 419, 508, 591, 650, 716, 769.
  • Maly rocznik statystyczny 1939, Nakladem Glownego Urzedu Statystycznego, Warszawa 1939 (Concise Statistical Year-Book of Poland, Warsaw 1939).

External links

  • kresy.co.uk - More on history
  • Genealogy of Halychyna/Eastern Galicia - 1931 Polish census
  • Stanislawow - Kresy - Polish site on Stanislawow
  • JewishGen Stanislawow ShtetLink - Jewish genealogy
  • Jewish History in Galicia and Bukovina: Stanislawow (Ivano-Frankivsk) Region

Coordinates: 48°55′24″N 24°42′37″E / 48.923379°N 24.710144°E / 48.923379; 24.710144

March 04, 2023
stanisławów, voivodeship, polish, województwo, stanisławowskie, administrative, district, interwar, poland, 1920, 1939, established, december, 1920, with, administrative, center, stanisławów, voivodeship, area, comprised, twelve, counties, powiaty, following, . Stanislawow Voivodeship Polish Wojewodztwo stanislawowskie was an administrative district of the interwar Poland 1920 1939 It was established in December 1920 with an administrative center in Stanislawow The voivodeship had an area of 16 900 km2 and comprised twelve counties powiaty Following World War II at the insistence of Joseph Stalin during Tehran Conference of 1943 Poland s borders were redrawn Polish population forcibly resettled and Stanislawow Voivodeship was incorporated into the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic as Stanislav Oblast later renamed as Ivano Frankivsk Oblast Stanislawow VoivodeshipWojewodztwo stanislawowskieVoivodeship of Poland1920 1939Coat of armsLocation of Stanislawow Voivodeship red within the Second Republic of Poland 1938 CapitalStanislawowArea 192118 368 km2 7 092 sq mi 193916 894 km2 6 523 sq mi Population 19211348580 19311480300HistoryGovernment TypeVoivodeshipVoivode 1921 1925 first Edmund Jurystowski Jan Sep 1939 last Stanislaw JareckiHistory Established23 December 1920 Soviet invasion17 September 1939 replaced with Stanislav Oblast Ukrainian SSR27 November 1939Political subdivisions15 powiatsPreceded by Succeeded byKingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Ivano Frankivsk Oblast Contents 1 September 1939 and its aftermath 2 Demographics 3 Geography 4 Administrative divisions 5 Railroads and industry 6 Voivodes 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksSeptember 1939 and its aftermath EditFollowing German invasion on Poland and in accordance with the secret protocol of Molotov Ribbentrop Pact Soviet forces invaded eastern Poland on September 17 1939 As bulk of the Polish Army was concentrated in the west fighting Germans the Soviets met with little resistance and their troops quickly moved westwards Polish authorities originally intended to organize anti German resistance in Stanislawow Voivodeship see Romanian Bridgehead with Polish Army units planned to stand ground until the spring of 1940 when French attack on Germany was expected However the Soviet invasion of Poland rendered these plans ineffectual It is estimated that prior to Soviet counter offensive in the later part of World War II over 18 000 Polish civilians in Stanislawow Voivodeship fell victims to OUN UPA massacres 1 2 Demographics EditThe Voivodeship s capital was Stanislawow now Ivano Frankivsk in Ukraine In 1921 was inhabited by 1 339 191 people and its population density was 72 9 persons per km2 Ukrainians and Ruthenians constituted 68 of the population especially in the countryside Poles distributed across the entire Voivodeship made around 23 Polish Jews mainly in towns around 7 Also there were smaller communities of Galician Germans In 1931 the population grew to 1 480 300 mainly among Polish settlers and the density to 88 persons per km2 Geography EditThe Stanislawow Voivodeship s area was 16 894 square kilometers It was located in south eastern corner of the country bordering Tarnopol Voivodeship to the northeast Lwow Voivodeship to the west Czechoslovakia Between 1919 and 1938 Hungary Between 1938 and 1939 and Romania to the south It was in large part covered by forests of the Carpathian Mountains with numerous mountain spas Worochta Skole Dolina Zabie Slawsko Woronienka Jaremcza Kuty The landscape was hilly in the north and mountainous in the south with Hoverla in the Chornohora range as the highest peak 2060 meters above sea level The other significant mountain range was the Gorgany The main river was the Dniester which also marked border with the Tarnopol Voivodeship Other rivers were the Prut the Stryj and the Cheremosh the last one was at the same time bordering Poland from Romania Administrative divisions EditBefore the onset of World War II the Stanislawow Voivodeship consisted of 15 powiats counties earlier 12 29 towns 904 villages and numerous smaller communities futory kolonie Those were the same 12 powiats that were part of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria with the addition of Turka powiat later on Its capital Stanislawow was the largest city with population of some 60 000 as of 1931 Other important municipal centers of the voivodeship were Kolomyja pop 33 800 Stryj pop 30 500 Horodenka pop 12 200 Kalusz pop 12 100 Sniatyn pop 10 800 and Bolechow pop 10 700 Map of Stanislawow Voivodeship with Counties The Stanislawow Voivodeship consisted of 12 powiats counties Dolina Powiat 2 397 km2 Horodenka Powiat 849 km2 Kalusz Powiat 1 137 km2 Kolomyja Powiat 1 339 km2 joined with Peczenizyn Powiat Kosow Powiat 1 839 km2 Nadworna Powiat 2 472 km2 Rohatyn Powiat 1 147 km2 Stanislawow Powiat 1 249 km2 joined with Bohorodczan Powiat Stryj Powiat 2 081 km2 joined with Skolski Powiat Sniatyn Powiat 567 km2 Tlumacz Powiat 934 km2 Zydaczow Powiat 883 km2 Railroads and industry EditThe Stanislawow Voivodeship was located in the so called Poland B region which meant that it was underdeveloped with low level of industry and considerable numbers of inhabitants living in poverty Agricultural production was low due to poor quality of soil Since mid 1930s the area was quickly gaining popularity as a tourist destination with numbers of visitors to mountain springs rising steadily year by year Railroad network was well developed in the north with such important junctions as Stanislawow Kolomyja and Stryj In the south however rail connections were lacking On January 1 1938 total length of railroads within Voivodeship s boundaries was 755 kilometers 4 5 km per 100 km2 Voivodes Edit Administrative divisions 1938 Building of the Voivodeship administration today Medical University The local government of voivodeship and city was located at address Ulica Karpinskiego 7 today vulytsia Halytska 2 Edmund Jurystowski 21 October 1921 18 August 1925 Aleksander Des Loges 18 August 1925 25 October 1926 Wladyslaw Korsak 18 December 1926 12 September 1927 Aleksander Morawski 28 October 1927 30 October 1928 Bronislaw Nakoniecznikow Klukowski 30 October 1928 29 August 1930 Zygmunt Jagodzinski 3 September 1930 1 February 1936 acting until 2 February 1931 Mieczyslaw Starzynski 11 February 1936 22 June 1936 acting Jan Sawicki 23 June 1936 July 1936 Stefan Paslawski 14 July 1936 20 January 1939 Stanislaw Jarecki 20 January 1939 2 September 1939Following Soviet invasion of Poland on 17 September 1939 the voivodeship existed until 27 November 1939 On 6 October 1939 27 November 1939 the voivodeship was governed by Soviet provisional chairman of Civilian Administration Mikhail Grulenko who later continued to hold his post as the 1st secretary of the CPU in the region See also EditPodolia Bialy SlonReferences Edit Wladyslaw Siemaszko Ewa Siemaszko Ludobojstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistow ukrainskich na ludnosci polskiej Wolynia 1939 1945 vol 1 2 Warsaw 2000 pp 1056 1057 Szczepan Siekierka H Komanski E Rozanski Ludobojstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistow ukrainskich na Polakach w wojewodztwie stanislawowskim w latach 1939 1946 Wroclaw 2007 op cit s 36 118 169 258 292 354 419 508 591 650 716 769 Maly rocznik statystyczny 1939 Nakladem Glownego Urzedu Statystycznego Warszawa 1939 Concise Statistical Year Book of Poland Warsaw 1939 External links Editkresy co uk More on history Genealogy of Halychyna Eastern Galicia 1931 Polish census Stanislawow Kresy Polish site on Stanislawow JewishGen Stanislawow ShtetLink Jewish genealogy Jewish History in Galicia and Bukovina Stanislawow Ivano Frankivsk Region http jgaliciabukovina net 161515 article stanislawow jews and during holocaust Coordinates 48 55 24 N 24 42 37 E 48 923379 N 24 710144 E 48 923379 24 710144 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Stanislawow Voivodeship amp oldid 1108567695, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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