fbpx
Wikipedia

Higher education in Spain

January 01, 1970

See also: List of universities in Spain

There are 76 universities in Spain, most of which are supported by state funding. 24 Spanish universities are private, of which 7 are affiliated with the Catholic Church.

Former degrees were:

  • Licenciatura or ingeniería, can last four, five or six years.
  • Diplomatura or ingeniería técnica, degree courses of shorter duration, 3 years.

Under the new European Higher Education Area, these former undergraduate degrees are being replaced by the título de grado (Bachelor's degree) or the título de máster (Master's degree).

History edit

 
Antonio de Nebrija teaching grammar in the presence of Juan de Zúñiga y Pimentel.

The origins of higher education in Spain date back to Al-Andalus, the period of Islamic rule. Madrasahs were established in the Andalusian cities of Córdoba, Seville, Toledo, Granada (Madrasah of Granada), Murcia, Almería, Valencia and Cádiz during the Caliphate of Córdoba.[1]

Problems of definition make it difficult to date the origins of universities. The first medieval European universities were simply groups of scholars, the word "university" being derived from the Latin universitas, meaning corporation. Nonetheless, the University of Palencia appears to have been the first high education institution in Spain, while the University of Salamanca (Universidad de Salamanca) is the oldest existing Spanish university. Founded in 1218, during a period of expansion that had begun in the 11th century, this University is considered to be one of the oldest in Western Europe. The university was founded as a "General School of the kingdom" by King Alfonso IX of León in 1218 so that the Leonese people could study at home without having to leave for Castile.

The reign of Ferdinand, King of Aragon, and Isabella I, Queen of Castile, saw a professionalisation of the apparatus of government in Spain, which led to a demand for men of letters (letrados) who were university graduates (licenciados), of Salamanca, Valladolid and Alcalá de Henares. These men staffed the various councils of state, including, eventually, the Consejo de Indias and Casa de Contratacion, the two highest bodies in metropolitan Spain for the government of the Spanish Empire in the New World.

Many of the medieval universities in Western Europe were born under the aegis of the Catholic Church, usually as cathedral schools or by papal bull as Studia Generali. In the early medieval period, most new universities were founded from pre-existing schools, usually when these schools were deemed to have become primarily sites of higher education. Many historians state that universities and cathedral schools were a continuation of the interest in learning promoted by monasteries.

 
University of Salamanca is the oldest university in the Hispanic world and one of the oldest in the world in continuous operation.

In Europe, young men proceeded to university when they had completed their study of the trivium–the preparatory arts of grammar, rhetoric, and logic–and the quadrivium: arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy. (See degrees of Oxford University for the history of how the trivium and quadrivium developed in relation to degrees, especially in anglophone universities).

Several of the world's oldest universities are located in Spain or were founded by Spanish scholars across the world at the time of the Spanish Empire.

The University of Salamanca, founded by King Alfonso IX of Leon in 1218 is the world's 8th oldest university. The oldest existing universities both in Asia (University of Santo Tomas) and the Americas (University of Santo Domingo) were founded by Spanish religious orders in the 16th century.

 
El Pilar is a school with a long list of old boys (former pupils), including one Prime Minister.[2]

The creation of the Spanish Empire brought a significant expansion in royal positions for university-trained lawyer-bureaucrats who were not nobles and were dependent on and loyal to the crown. The multiple royal councils needed university-trained men, as did royal government in the Indies. These were men who had studied Roman Law. "The law schools of universities were the training ground of the Crown's advisers."[3] The first medieval European universities were simply groups of scholars, the word "university" being derived from the Latin universitas, meaning corporation. The University of Palencia appears to have been the first high education institution in Spain and the third in the world, after Bologna and Oxford, while the University of Salamanca is the oldest existing Spanish university.[4] Founded in 1218, during a period of expansion that had begun in the 11th century, Salamanca is considered to be the third oldest in Western Europe. The university was founded as a "General School of the kingdom" by Alfonso IX in 1218 so that the Leonese people could study at home without having to leave for Castile.[1]

From the Imperial School to St. Bartholomew's College or Our Lady of Mount Zion, the Spanish set up a solid educational system as well as one of the first prominent fee-paying schools in Europe. Stonyhurst College in Lancashire, was one of the many English boarding schools founded by Spanish Jesuits under the Empire, and was originally established in the Spanish Netherlands in 1593. The aim of these schools was to provide English boys with a Roman Catholic education during the rule of Elizabeth I.[5]

High-ranking army men and senior administrators of the empire usually pursued a rigorous education for their sons in Spain. The aim was to continue producing future leaders to serve the Spanish Empire and its interests, often resulting in a well-developed final product of colonial governors.[6] Most of these schools were established by Catholic orders such as the Jesuits, with the intention of emphasizing catholic values at heart, since the Catholic Church was arguably the greatest promoter of the Spanish Empire.

Admission edit

 
University of Barcelona

Admission to the Spanish university system is determined by the nota de corte (literally, "cutoff grade") that is achieved at the end of the two-year Bachillerato, an optional course that students can take from the age of 16 when the period of obligatory secondary education (Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, or ESO) comes to an end. A number between 1 and 10, the nota de corte is a combination of the grade achieved from the Bachillerato exams which the students take at school, and the average grade (nota de media) obtained from the university selection exam (commonly known as la Selectividad but officially named "Prueba de Acceso a la Universidad" or PAU) that the students will take at the local university. International students need a visa to study in Spain.

The most popular courses at public universities demand the highest nota de corte, while for private universities cost is normally the factor that determines which course a student will follow (that is, the most popular courses are inevitably the most expensive).[citation needed]

Ranking edit

There are several rankings for Spanish Universities. The best known ones are the Shanghai Jiao Tong, QS and THE Ranking. These are international rankings, however, there are also some national rankings comprising the "50 carreras" (50 degrees) from the "El Mundo" newspaper, the CSIC or the IAIF ranking of the UCM.

Spain's Higher Educations system has been ranked top-5th by the Spanish CSIC[7] only after the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada.

National Rankings edit

U-Ranking 2020 edit

It was published in 2020 and done by the Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria and Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas.

50 Carreras (El Mundo) edit

It is a well known ranking in Spain and it is published every year by the national newspaper "El Mundo".

International Rankings edit

The Times Higher Education Ranking edit

QS Ranking edit

Published annually since 2004, QS World University Rankings® is one of the most complete and trusted university ranking in the world.

Shanghai Ranking edit

The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) is first published in June 2003 by the Center for World-Class Universities (CWCU), Graduate School of Education (formerly the Institute of Higher Education) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, and updated on an annual basis. Despite its prestige, many people criticize them because they don't take into account the size of the universities for their rankings.

Round University Ranking edit

List of public universities edit

List of private universities edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "education", Encyclopædia Britannica, 2008, retrieved 2008-09-30
  2. ^ "El Pilar, un colegio de dirigentes". www.elconfidencial.com. February 19, 2012.
  3. ^ Parry, J.H. The Spanish Seaborne Empire. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press 1990, p. 137.
  4. ^ Universidad de Valladolid
  5. ^ Robert Parsons, Catholic Encyclopaedia (1913)
  6. ^ Thomas, Hugh; El Imperio Español de Carlos V (2010)
  7. ^ . Archived from the original on 2010-03-12. Retrieved 2010-08-06.

External links edit

  • Top Universities in Spain

January 01, 1970
higher, education, spain, also, list, universities, spain, there, universities, spain, most, which, supported, state, funding, spanish, universities, private, which, affiliated, with, catholic, church, former, degrees, were, licenciatura, ingeniería, last, fou. See also List of universities in Spain There are 76 universities in Spain most of which are supported by state funding 24 Spanish universities are private of which 7 are affiliated with the Catholic Church Former degrees were Licenciatura or ingenieria can last four five or six years Diplomatura or ingenieria tecnica degree courses of shorter duration 3 years Under the new European Higher Education Area these former undergraduate degrees are being replaced by the titulo de grado Bachelor s degree or the titulo de master Master s degree Contents 1 History 2 Admission 3 Ranking 4 National Rankings 4 1 U Ranking 2020 4 2 50 Carreras El Mundo 5 International Rankings 5 1 The Times Higher Education Ranking 5 2 QS Ranking 5 3 Shanghai Ranking 5 4 Round University Ranking 6 List of public universities 7 List of private universities 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksHistory edit nbsp Antonio de Nebrija teaching grammar in the presence of Juan de Zuniga y Pimentel The origins of higher education in Spain date back to Al Andalus the period of Islamic rule Madrasahs were established in the Andalusian cities of Cordoba Seville Toledo Granada Madrasah of Granada Murcia Almeria Valencia and Cadiz during the Caliphate of Cordoba 1 Problems of definition make it difficult to date the origins of universities The first medieval European universities were simply groups of scholars the word university being derived from the Latin universitas meaning corporation Nonetheless the University of Palencia appears to have been the first high education institution in Spain while the University of Salamanca Universidad de Salamanca is the oldest existing Spanish university Founded in 1218 during a period of expansion that had begun in the 11th century this University is considered to be one of the oldest in Western Europe The university was founded as a General School of the kingdom by King Alfonso IX of Leon in 1218 so that the Leonese people could study at home without having to leave for Castile The reign of Ferdinand King of Aragon and Isabella I Queen of Castile saw a professionalisation of the apparatus of government in Spain which led to a demand for men of letters letrados who were university graduates licenciados of Salamanca Valladolid and Alcala de Henares These men staffed the various councils of state including eventually the Consejo de Indias and Casa de Contratacion the two highest bodies in metropolitan Spain for the government of the Spanish Empire in the New World Many of the medieval universities in Western Europe were born under the aegis of the Catholic Church usually as cathedral schools or by papal bull as Studia Generali In the early medieval period most new universities were founded from pre existing schools usually when these schools were deemed to have become primarily sites of higher education Many historians state that universities and cathedral schools were a continuation of the interest in learning promoted by monasteries nbsp University of Salamanca is the oldest university in the Hispanic world and one of the oldest in the world in continuous operation In Europe young men proceeded to university when they had completed their study of the trivium the preparatory arts of grammar rhetoric and logic and the quadrivium arithmetic geometry music and astronomy See degrees of Oxford University for the history of how the trivium and quadrivium developed in relation to degrees especially in anglophone universities Several of the world s oldest universities are located in Spain or were founded by Spanish scholars across the world at the time of the Spanish Empire The University of Salamanca founded by King Alfonso IX of Leon in 1218 is the world s 8th oldest university The oldest existing universities both in Asia University of Santo Tomas and the Americas University of Santo Domingo were founded by Spanish religious orders in the 16th century nbsp El Pilar is a school with a long list of old boys former pupils including one Prime Minister 2 The creation of the Spanish Empire brought a significant expansion in royal positions for university trained lawyer bureaucrats who were not nobles and were dependent on and loyal to the crown The multiple royal councils needed university trained men as did royal government in the Indies These were men who had studied Roman Law The law schools of universities were the training ground of the Crown s advisers 3 The first medieval European universities were simply groups of scholars the word university being derived from the Latin universitas meaning corporation The University of Palencia appears to have been the first high education institution in Spain and the third in the world after Bologna and Oxford while the University of Salamanca is the oldest existing Spanish university 4 Founded in 1218 during a period of expansion that had begun in the 11th century Salamanca is considered to be the third oldest in Western Europe The university was founded as a General School of the kingdom by Alfonso IX in 1218 so that the Leonese people could study at home without having to leave for Castile 1 From the Imperial School to St Bartholomew s College or Our Lady of Mount Zion the Spanish set up a solid educational system as well as one of the first prominent fee paying schools in Europe Stonyhurst College in Lancashire was one of the many English boarding schools founded by Spanish Jesuits under the Empire and was originally established in the Spanish Netherlands in 1593 The aim of these schools was to provide English boys with a Roman Catholic education during the rule of Elizabeth I 5 High ranking army men and senior administrators of the empire usually pursued a rigorous education for their sons in Spain The aim was to continue producing future leaders to serve the Spanish Empire and its interests often resulting in a well developed final product of colonial governors 6 Most of these schools were established by Catholic orders such as the Jesuits with the intention of emphasizing catholic values at heart since the Catholic Church was arguably the greatest promoter of the Spanish Empire Admission edit nbsp University of Barcelona Admission to the Spanish university system is determined by the nota de corte literally cutoff grade that is achieved at the end of the two year Bachillerato an optional course that students can take from the age of 16 when the period of obligatory secondary education Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria or ESO comes to an end A number between 1 and 10 the nota de corte is a combination of the grade achieved from the Bachillerato exams which the students take at school and the average grade nota de media obtained from the university selection exam commonly known as la Selectividad but officially named Prueba de Acceso a la Universidad or PAU that the students will take at the local university International students need a visa to study in Spain The most popular courses at public universities demand the highest nota de corte while for private universities cost is normally the factor that determines which course a student will follow that is the most popular courses are inevitably the most expensive citation needed Ranking editThere are several rankings for Spanish Universities The best known ones are the Shanghai Jiao Tong QS and THE Ranking These are international rankings however there are also some national rankings comprising the 50 carreras 50 degrees from the El Mundo newspaper the CSIC or the IAIF ranking of the UCM Spain s Higher Educations system has been ranked top 5th by the Spanish CSIC 7 only after the United States Germany the United Kingdom and Canada National Rankings editU Ranking 2020 edit It was published in 2020 and done by the Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria and Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Economicas Nº Universidad Score 1 Universidad Pompeu Fabra 1 5 2 5 Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 1 4 2 5 Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna 1 4 2 5 Universidad Carlos III 1 4 2 5 Universitat Politecnica de Valencia 1 4 6 10 Universitat de Barcelona 1 3 6 10 Universidad de Navarra 1 3 6 10 Universidad de Cantabria 1 3 6 10 Universitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona 1 3 6 10 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid 1 3 50 Carreras El Mundo edit It is a well known ranking in Spain and it is published every year by the national newspaper El Mundo 2019 Ranking University 1 Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 2 Universidad Complutense de Madrid 3 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid 4 Universitat de Barcelona 5 Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 5 Universidad Carlos III 6 Universitat Politecnica de Valencia 7 8 Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna 7 8 Universidad de Navarra 9 Universidad de Sevilla 10 11 Universidad Pompeu Fabra 10 11 Universidad Rey Juan CarlosInternational Rankings editThe Times Higher Education Ranking edit 2021 Ranking University 1 Universitat Pompeu Fabra 2 Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 3 Universitat de Barcelona 4 University of Navarra 5 Autonomous University of Madrid 6 University of Valencia 7 Complutense University of Madrid QS Ranking edit Published annually since 2004 QS World University Rankings is one of the most complete and trusted university ranking in the world 2020 Ranking University 1 Universitat de Barcelona 2 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid 3 Universidad Complutense de Madrid 4 Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 5 Universidad de Navarra 6 Universitat Pompeu Fabra 7 Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 8 Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya 9 Universitat Politecnica de Valencia Shanghai Ranking edit The Academic Ranking of World Universities ARWU is first published in June 2003 by the Center for World Class Universities CWCU Graduate School of Education formerly the Institute of Higher Education of Shanghai Jiao Tong University China and updated on an annual basis Despite its prestige many people criticize them because they don t take into account the size of the universities for their rankings 2019 Ranking University 1 Universitat de Barcelona 2 5 Universitat de Valencia 2 5 Universidad de Granada 2 5 Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 2 5 Universidad Complutense de Madrid 6 7 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid 6 7 Universitat Pompeu Fabra Round University Ranking edit 2020 Ranking University 1 Universitat de Barcelona 2 Autonomous University of Barcelona 3 Autonomous University of Madrid 4 Pompeu Fabra University 5 Universidad de Navarra 6 University of Zaragoza 7 Complutense University of Madrid 8 Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya 9 University of Valencia 10 University of Rovira i VirgiliList of public universities editEuskal Herriko Unibertsitatea Universidad del Pais VascoUniversity of the Basque Country Universidad Autonoma de Madrid 1 Universidad Carlos III de MadridUC3M Universidad Complutense de Madrid 2 Universidad de AlcalaUniversidad de Alcala UAH Madrid Universidad de AlicanteUniversity of Alicante Universidad de Almeria UAL Universidad de Almeria Universidad de BurgosUniversidad de Burgos Universidad de CadizPortal UCA Portal principal de la Universidad de Cadiz Universidad de CantabriaUniversidad de Cantabria Inicio Universidad de Castilla La ManchaUniversidad de Castilla La Mancha Universidad de CordobaInicio Universidad de Extremadura Portal de la UEX Bienvenido a la Universidad de Extremadura Universidad de GranadaPagina de inicio Universidad de Huelva 3 Universidad de Jaen Inicio Universidad de Jaen Universidad de La LagunaInicio Universidad de La Rioja Universidad de La Rioja Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaULPGC Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Universidad de Leon Inicio Universidad de Leon Universidad de MalagaHome University of Malaga Universidad de MurciaPagina Principal Universidad de Murcia Universidad de OviedoUniversidad de Oviedo Inicio Universidad de SalamancaUniversidad de Salamanca Universidad de Salamanca Universidad de Sevilla Portal Universidad de Sevilla Universidad de ValladolidUniversidad de Valladolid Universidad de ZaragozaInicio Universidad de Zaragoza Universidad Internacional de AndaluciaInicio Universidad Internacional Menendez PelayoUniversidad Internacional Menendez Pelayo UIMP Universidad Nacional de Educacion a DistanciaUNED Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia Ensenanza Online Universidad Pablo de Olavide 4 Universidad Politecnica de Cartagena Universidad Politecnica de Cartagena Universidad Politecnica de MadridUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid Universidad Publica de NavarraUPNA Portada home Universidad Rey Juan CarlosInicio Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Universidade da CorunaUniversidade da Coruna Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaInicio Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Universidade de VigoInicio Universidade de Vigo Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Universitat d Alacant University of Alicante Universitat de BarcelonaUniversitat de Barcelona Universitat de Girona Universitat de Girona gt UdG Universitat de les Illes Balears 5 Universitat de LleidaInici Universitat de Valencia 6 Universitat Jaume I de CastelloUniversitat Jaume I Universitat Miguel Hernandez d Elx 7 Universitat Oberta de Catalunya 8 Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya 9 Universitat Politecnica de Valencia 10 Universitat Pompeu Fabra 11 Universitat Rovira i Virgili 12 List of private universities editEuropean University 13 Barcelona Technology School 14 Graduate School of Management GSM Barcelona Universidad de Deusto 15 Deustuko Unibertsitatea Mondragon University 16 Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio 17 Universidad Antonio de Nebrija 18 Universidad Camilo Jose Cela 19 Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU 20 Universidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente Martir 21 Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia 22 Universidad Catolica Santa Teresa de Jesus de Avila 23 Universidad de Navarra 24 Universidad Europea de Madrid 25 Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes 26 Universidad Francisco de Vitoria 27 International University of La Rioja 28 Universidad Pontificia Comillas 29 Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca 30 Universidad San Jorge 31 Universidad San Pablo CEU 32 IE University 33 Universitat Abat Oliba CEU 34 Universitat de Vic 35 Universitat Internacional de Catalunya 36 Universitat Ramon Llull 37 Valencian International University 38 See also editAcademic ranks in Spain ANECA the accreditation body Education in Spain List of universities in Spain organised by autonomous community University British universities Dutch universities French universities German universities Italian universities Portuguese universities US universities Fundacion Universidad es 39 References edit a b education Encyclopaedia Britannica 2008 retrieved 2008 09 30 El Pilar un colegio de dirigentes www elconfidencial com February 19 2012 Parry J H The Spanish Seaborne Empire Berkeley and Los Angeles University of California Press 1990 p 137 Historia Facultad de Derecho Universidad de Valladolid Robert Parsons Catholic Encyclopaedia 1913 Thomas Hugh El Imperio Espanol de Carlos V 2010 World Universities ranking on the Web Distribution by Country Archived from the original on 2010 03 12 Retrieved 2010 08 06 External links editTop Universities in Spain Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Higher education in Spain amp oldid 1115647729, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.