Soviet Union national football team

This article is about the men's team. For the women's team, see Soviet Union women's national football team.

The Soviet Union national football team (Russian: сбо́рная СССР по футбо́лу, tr. sbórnaya SSSR po futbólu) was the national football team of the former Soviet Union.

Soviet Union

1924–1991
Nickname(s)	Red Army
Association	Федерация футбола СССР
Most caps	Oleg Blokhin (112)
Top scorer	Oleg Blokhin (42)
Home stadium	Luzhniki Stadium until 1991
FIFA code	URS
First colours Second colours
FIFA ranking
Highest	1 (July 1960)
First international
Soviet Union 3–0 Turkey  (Moscow, Soviet Union; 16 November 1924)
Last international
Cyprus 0–3 Soviet Union  (Larnaca, Cyprus; 13 November 1991)
Biggest win
Soviet Union 11–1 India  (Moscow, Soviet Union; 16 September 1955)  Finland 0–10 Soviet Union  (Helsinki, Finland; 15 August 1957)
Biggest defeat
England 5–0 Soviet Union  (London, England; 22 October 1958)
World Cup
Appearances	7 (first in 1958)
Best result	Fourth place, 1966
European Championship
Appearances	6 (first in 1960)
Best result	Champions, 1960
Medal record Men's football UEFA European Championship 1960 France Team 1964 Spain Team 1972 Belgium Team 1988 West Germany Team Olympic Games 1956 Melbourne Team 1988 Seoul Team 1972 Munich Team 1976 Montreal Team 1980 Moscow Team

After the breakup of the Union the team was transformed into the CIS national football team. FIFA considers the CIS national football team (and ultimately, the Russia national football team) as the Soviet successor team allocating its former records to them (except for the Olympic records which are not combined due to the IOC policy); nevertheless, a large percentage of the team's former players came from outside the Russian SFSR, mainly from the Ukrainian SSR, and following the breakup of the Soviet Union, some such as Andrei Kanchelskis from the former Ukrainian SSR, continued to play in the new Russia national football team.

The Soviet Union failed to qualify for the World Cup only twice, in 1974 and 1978, and attended seven finals tournaments in total. Their best finish was fourth in 1966, when they lost to West Germany in the semifinals, 2–1. The Soviet Union qualified for five European Championships, winning the inaugural competition in 1960 when they beat Yugoslavia in the final, 2–1. They finished second three times (1964, 1972, 1988), and fourth once (1968), when, having drawn with Italy in the semi-final, they were sent to the third-place playoff match by the loss of a coin toss. The Soviet Union national team also participated in a number of Olympic tournaments earning the gold medal in 1956 and 1988. The Soviet team continued to field its national team players in Olympic tournaments despite the prohibition of FIFA in 1958 to field any national team players in Olympics (players in the Olympics were required to be amateurs at the time, Soviets effectively bent the rules by listing their best players in the military).

History

Main article: Russian Empire national football team

First games

 

Soviet Union team of 1927

Because of the circumstances, surrounding October Revolution and later the 1917–1922 Russian Civil War, Soviet Russia was internationally diplomatically isolated, making it unable to participate in the international competitions. In 1922 Soviet Russia formed along with its occupation administrations in neighbouring states the Bolshevik state of the Soviet Union. After the civil war, the Soviet Union managed to establish international communication with politically similar factions in Europe and around the globe. The Soviet Union joined the Red Sport International proclaiming any sports events outside of the RSI to be "bourgeoisie sport".

The first international match played by a Soviet team (as Russian SFSR) came in September 1922, when the Finnish Workers' Sports Federation football team toured Russia (Soviet Union was formed at the end of December 1922, Treaty on the Creation of the USSR). The Soviet Russia XI scored a 4–1 victory over the Finns in Petrograd. This was also the first international contact for Soviet sports after the 1917 October Revolution. In May 1923, the Soviet team visited Finland and beat the Finnish squad 5–0.^[1][2] The first match against national team was played in August 1923, nine months after the establishment of the Soviet Union, when a Russian SFSR team beat Sweden 2–1 in Stockholm.^[3]

The first match as the actual Soviet Union football team took place a year later, a 3–0 win over Turkey. This and a return match in Ankara were the only officially recognised international matches played by the Soviet Union prior to the 1952 Summer Olympics, though several unofficial friendlies against Turkey took place in the 1930s. The 1952 Olympics was the first competitive tournament entered by the Soviet Union. In the preliminary round, Bulgaria were defeated 2–1, earning a first-round tie against Yugoslavia. Before the match, both Tito and Stalin sent telegrams to their national teams, which showed just how important it was for the two heads of state.^[4] Yugoslavia led 5–1, but a Soviet comeback in the last 15 minutes resulted in a 5–5 draw. The match was replayed, Yugoslavia winning 3–1.^[5] The defeat to the archrivals hit Soviet football hard, and after just three games played in the season, CSKA Moscow, who had made up most of the USSR squad, was forced to withdraw from the league and later disbanded. Furthermore, Boris Arkadiev, who coached both USSR and CSKA, was stripped of his Merited Master of Sports of the USSR title.^[6]

Sweden trials and the triumph

The Soviet Union, coached by Gavriil Khachalin, entered the World Cup for the first time at the 1958 tournament, following a qualification playoff against Poland.^[7] Drawn in a group with Brazil, England, and Austria, they collected three points in total, one from England and two from Austria. The Soviet Union and England went to a playoff game, in which Anatoli Ilyin scored in the 67th minute to knock England out. The Soviet Union was then eliminated by the hosts of the tournament, Sweden, in the quarter-finals.

The inaugural European Championships in 1960 marked the pinnacle of Soviet footballing achievement. Easily progressing to the quarter-finals, the team were scheduled to face Spain, but due to the tensions of the Cold War, Spain refused to travel to the Soviet Union, resulting in a walkover. In the semi-final, the Soviet team defeated Czechoslovakia 3–0 and reached the final, where they faced Yugoslavia.

In the final, Yugoslavia scored first, but the Soviet Union, led by legendary goalkeeper Lev Yashin, equalized in the 49th minute. After 90 minutes the score was 1–1, and Viktor Ponedelnik scored with seven minutes left in extra time to give the Soviets the inaugural European Championship.

The end of Kachalin's dream-team

 

Lev Yashin trying to stop the shot by Argentine striker José Sanfilippo, during the match played at Buenos Aires in 1961. The Soviet Union won 2–1

In the 1962 World Cup, the Soviet team was in Group 1 with Yugoslavia, Colombia, and Uruguay. The match between the Soviet Union and Colombia ended 4–4; Colombia scored a series of goals (68', 72', 86'). Star goalkeeper Lev Yashin was in poor form both against Colombia and Chile. His form was considered one of the main reasons why the Soviet Union team did not gain more success in the tournament.^{[citation needed]}

In 1964, the Soviet Union attempted to defend their European Championship title, defeating Italy in the last 16 (2–0, 1–1) and to reach the quarter-finals. After two matches against Sweden, the Soviet side won on aggregate (1–1, 3–1). The Soviet Union team went to Spain where the finals were held. In the semi-finals, the Soviet Union defeated Denmark 3–0 in Barcelona but their dreams of winning the title again were dashed in the final when Spain, the host, scored a late goal, winning 2–1.

The late 1960s: Semi-finals at World Cup and European Championships

The 1966 FIFA World Cup was the tournament in which the Soviet Union team reached their best result by finishing in fourth place. The Soviet Union was in Group 4 with North Korea, Italy and Chile. In all three matches, the Soviet Union team managed to defeat their rivals. The Soviet team then defeated Hungary in the quarter-finals thanks to the effective performance of their star, Lev Yashin but their success was ended by two defeats on 25 and 28 July, against West Germany in the semi-finals and Portugal in the third-place playoff match, respectively. The 1966 squad was the second-best scoring Soviet team in World Cup history, with 10 goals.

For the Euro 1968, the qualification competition was played in two stages; a group stage (taking place from 1966 until 1968) and the quarter-finals (played in 1968). Again, only four teams could reach the finals which were held in Italy. The semi-final match between the Soviet Union and Italy ended 0–0. It was decided to toss a coin to see who reached the final, rather than play a replay. Italy won, and went on to become European champions. On 8 June 1968, the Soviets were defeated by England in the third-place match.

Kachalin's second attempt

The 1970 World Cup started with the match between Mexico and the Soviet Union. The Soviet team became the first team to make a substitution in World Cup history in this match. Other opponents in their group were Belgium and El Salvador. The Soviet team easily qualified to the quarter-final where they lost against Uruguay in extra time. This was the last time the Soviet Union reached the quarter-finals. They were able to obtain 5th place in the rankings which FIFA released in 1986.

The final tournament of the 1972 European Championships took place between 14 and 18 June 1972. Again, only four teams were in the finals. The Soviets defeated Hungary 1–0, with a second-half goal. The final was between West Germany and the Soviet Union. The match ended with a victory of the German side thanks to the effective football of Gerd Müller. This tournament was one of the two tournaments in which the Soviet Union finished as runner-up.

Failures to qualify in the 1970s

 

The Soviet Union playing the Argentina at Estadio Monumental, November 1976

After being runners up at Euro 1972, the rest of the 1970s were bleak for the Soviets, who were disqualified from the 1974 World Cup as a result of refusal to play Chile in the aftermath of the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, and failed to qualify for the 1978 World Cup or the 1976 and 1980 European Championships.

Beskov recovers the team

 

Soviet Union v Belgium at the 1986 World Cup

The 1982 World Cup was the Soviet Union's first major tournament appearance for a decade. The Soviet Union was in Group 6 with Brazil, Scotland, and New Zealand. Goals by Socrates and Eder marked the defeat of the Soviet side against Brazil in the first group match (even though it was a very hard match for the Brazilians), and they were eventually eliminated in the second round by finishing the group in second place when they defeated Belgium only 1–0 and drew against Poland with an 0–0 results. In 1984, the Soviets again failed to qualify for the European Championships, but succeeded in qualifying for the 1986 World Cup. The Soviet Union was in Group C with Hungary, France, and Canada. The Soviets used Irapuato, Guanajuato as their training ground in the World Cup.

The Soviet team enjoyed a successful group stage by scoring nine goals and finishing the group in first place. Ultimately, however, they lost to Belgium 3–4 after extra time in the round of 16. Despite their poor performance in the cup, this team was the best scoring Soviet team in World Cup history, with 12 goals.

Lobanovsky era and demise of Soviet Union

After failing to qualify for three consecutive European Cups (1976, 1980, 1984), the Soviets managed to qualify for the 1988 competition, the last time the Soviet Union national football team took part in the European Football Championship. The finals were held in West Germany, with eight teams participating. Soviet Union finished Group B as leaders above the Netherlands and defeated Italy 2–0 in the semi-final. In the final against the Netherlands, another team from Group B, the Netherlands avenged their group stage defeat, winning by a score of 2–0 to be crowned European champions.

The final major championship contested by the Soviet team was the 1990 FIFA World Cup, where they were drawn in Group B with Argentina, Romania and Cameroon. The only success for the Soviets came when they defeated group leaders Cameroon 4–0. The Soviets lost their other matches and failed to qualify from the group. The Soviet Union qualified for Euro 1992, but the breakup of the Soviet Union meant that their place was instead taken by the CIS national football team, composed of newly independent Soviet republics. After the tournament, the former Soviet republics competed as separate independent nations, with FIFA allocating the Soviet team's record to Russia.^[8]

Kit evolution

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Soviet Union national football team kits.

The Soviet Union traditionally wore red jerseys with white shorts and red socks.

Home stadium

Since Soviet's first fixture (16 November 1924 vs. Turkey) they have played their home games at various stadiums.

Venue	City		Played	Won	Drawn	Lost	GF	GA	Points per game
Central Lenin Stadium	Moscow	1956–1992	78	50	18	10	151	50	2.15
Central Stadium	Kiev	1969–1990	12	10	1	1	27	6	2.58
Lenin Dynamo Stadium	Tbilisi	1967–1987	10	6	1	3	19	9	1.9
Dynamo Stadium	Moscow	1954–1971	9	7	2	0	41	8	2.56
Lokomotiv Stadium	Simferopol	1979–1989	4	4	0	0	11	1	3
Kirov Stadium	Leningrad	1967–1984	3	3	0	0	8	1	3
Hrazdan Stadium	Yerevan	1978	2	2	0	0	12	2	3
Central Lokomotiv Stadium	Moscow	1979–1988	2	2	0	0	5	1	3
Central Stadium	Volgograd	1977	1	1	0	0	4	1	3
Pakhtakor Central Stadium	Tashkent	1975	1	1	0	0	2	1	3
Vorovsky Stadium	Moscow	1924	1	1	0	0	3	0	0
Black Sea Shipping Stadium	Odessa	1974	1	0	0	1	0	1	0
Totals		1924–1992	123	86	22	15	281	80	2.28

Statistics include official FIFA-recognised matches only.

Note:

• Although never used by either the Soviet Union national football team nor Soviet Union Olympic football team, Dinamo Stadium in Minsk was designated as the official stadium for the 1980 Summer Olympics.

Coaching history

Manager	Nation	Years	Played	Won	Drawn	Lost	GF	GA	Win %	Qualifying cycle	Final tour
Boris Arkadiev		1952	3	1	1	1	8	9	33.33		1952(o)
Vasily Sokolov		1954	2	1	1	0	8	1	50
Gavriil Kachalin		1955–1958	34	22	6	6	88	35	64.71	1956(o), 1958, 1960	1956(o), 1958
Georgiy Glazkov		1959	1	1	0	0	3	1	100
Mikhail Yakushin		1959	2	2	0	0	2	0	100	1960
Gavriil Kachalin		1960–1962	22	16	2	4	49	20	72.73	1962	1960, 1962
Nikita Simonyan		1963	1	0	0	1	0	1	0
Konstantin Beskov		1963–1964	9	4	4	1	14	7	44.44	1964	1964
Nikita Simonyan		1964	1	0	1	0	2	2	0
Nikolai Morozov		1964–1966	31	15	9	7	51	33	48.39	1966	1966
Mikhail Yakushin		1967–1968	28	16	7	5	51	31	57.14	1968, 1968(o)	1968
Gavriil Kachalin		1969–1970	18	9	7	2	29	11	50	1970	1970
Valentin Nikolayev		1970–1971	13	8	5	0	24	5	61.54	1972
Nikolay Gulyayev		1972	4	2	1	1	6	4	50	1972
Aleksandr Ponomarev		1972	15	8	4	3	27	17	53.33		1972(o), 1972
German Zonin		1972	3	1	0	2	1	2	33.33
Yevgeny Goryansky		1973	10	3	2	5	6	6	30	1974*
Konstantin Beskov		1974	3	1	0	2	1	4	33.33	1976
Valeriy Lobanovsky		1975–1976	19	11	4	4	33	18	57.89	1976	1976(o)
Valentin Nikolayev		1976	2	0	1	1	0	2	0
Nikita Simonyan		1977–1979	27	18	4	5	60	22	66.67	1978, 1980
Konstantin Beskov		1979–1982	28	17	8	3	54	19	60.71	1980, 1982	1982
Oleg Bazilevich		1979	1	1	0	0	3	1	100
Valeriy Lobanovsky		1982–1983	10	6	3	1	18	6	60	1984
Eduard Malofeyev		1984–1986	25	14	3	8	37	23	56	1986
Valeriy Lobanovsky		1986–1987	17	9	6	2	31	11	52.94	1988	1986
Nikita Simonyan		1988	1	1	0	0	4	0	100
Morozov and Mosyagin		1988	4	1	2	1	5	5	25
1st Coaching Staff		1988–1990	31	16	6	9	42	29	51.61	1990	1988, 1990
2nd Coaching Staff		1990–1992	28	12	11	5	39	24	42.86	1992	1992

Notes:

• The game that took place on 21 November 1973 between the national team of Chile and missing side did not go on record of Yevgeny Goryansky.
• The 1980 USSR Olympic roster (coach – Beskov) was identical with the senior team that competed in qualification tournaments in 1979–1981.
• In 1985–1989 the national team competed in the annual Nehru Cup (India).
• The 1st coaching staff consisted of Valeriy Lobanovsky (leading), Yuri Morozov and Sergei Mosyagin.
• The 2nd coaching staff consisted of Anatoly Byshovets (leading), Vladimir Salkov and Gadzhi Gadzhiyev.

Player records

 

Oleg Blokhin is Soviet Union's top goalscorer and their most capped player.

Most appearances^[9]

Rank	Player	Caps	Goals	Career
1	Oleg Blokhin	112	42	1972–1988
2	Rinat Dasayev	91	0	1979–1990
3	Albert Shesternev	90	0	1961–1971
4	Anatoliy Demyanenko	80	6	1981–1990
5	Volodymyr Bezsonov	79	4	1977–1990
6	Lev Yashin	78	0	1954–1967
7	Sergei Aleinikov^[a]	77	6	1984–1991
8	Murtaz Khurtsilava	69	6	1965–1973
9	Oleg Protasov^[b]	68	28	1984–1991
10	Valeriy Voronin	66	5	1960–1968

Top goalscorers^[9]

Rank	Player	Goals	Caps	Ratio	Career
1	Oleg Blokhin	42	112	0.38	1972–1988
2	Oleg Protasov^[b]	29	68	0.43	1984–1991
3	Valentin Ivanov	26	59	0.44	1956–1965
4	Eduard Streltsov	25	38	0.66	1955–1968
5	Viktor Kolotov	22	55	0.4	1970–1978
6	Viktor Ponedelnik	20	29	0.69	1960–1966
	Igor Chislenko	20	53	0.38	1959–1968
8	Anatoliy Banishevskiy	19	50	0.38	1965–1972
9	Anatoliy Ilyin	16	31	0.52	1952–1959
10	Anatoliy Byshovets	15	39	0.38	1966–1972

1. Sergei Aleinikov also made four appearances for Belarus.
2. Oleg Protasov also made one appearance for Ukraine.

Competitive record

FIFA World Cup record

Main article: Soviet Union at the FIFA World Cup

  Champions    Runners-up    Third place    Fourth place  

FIFA World Cup record											Qualification Record
Year	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	Squads		Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1930	Not a FIFA member										Not a FIFA member
1934
1938
1950	Did not enter										Did not enter
1954
1958	Quarter-final	7th	5	2	1	2	5	6	Squad		5	4	0	1	18	3
1962	Quarter-final	6th	4	2	1	1	9	7	Squad		4	4	0	0	11	3
1966	Fourth place	4th	6	4	0	2	10	6	Squad		6	5	0	1	19	6
1970	Quarter-final	5th	4	2	1	1	6	2	Squad		4	3	1	0	8	1
1974	Did not qualify										6	3	1	2	5	4
1978											4	2	0	2	5	3
1982	Second Group stage	7th	5	2	2	1	7	4	Squad		8	6	2	0	20	2
1986	Round of 16	10th	4	2	1	1	12	5	Squad		8	4	2	2	13	8
1990	Group stage	17th	3	1	0	2	4	4	Squad		8	4	3	1	11	4
Total	Fourth place	7/14	31	15	6	10	53	34	–		53	35	9	9	110	34

UEFA European Championship record

  Champions    Runners-up    Third Place    Fourth Place  

UEFA European Championship record											Qualification Record
Year	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	Squads		Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA
1960	Champions	1st	2	2	0	0	5	1	Squad		2	2	0	0	4	1
1964	Runners-up	2nd	2	1	0	1	4	2	Squad		4	2	2	0	7	3
1968	Fourth place	4th	2	0	1	1	0	2	Squad		8	6	0	2	19	8
1972	Runners-up	2nd	2	1	0	1	1	3	Squad		8	5	3	0	16	4
1976	Did not qualify										8	4	1	3	12	10
1980											6	1	3	2	7	8
1984											6	4	1	1	11	2
1988	Runners-up	2nd	5	3	1	1	7	4	Squad		8	5	3	0	14	3
1992	Qualified, but dissolved and replaced by CIS national football team										8	5	3	0	13	2
Total	1 title	5/8	13	7	2	4	17	12	−		58	34	16	8	103	41

Summer Olympics record

Olympic record
Year	Round	Position	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	Squads
1896–1912	Preceded with Russian Empire
1920–1948	Did not enter
1952	Round 1	14th	3	1	1	1	8	9	Squad
1956	Gold medalists	1st	5	4	1	0	9	2	Squad
1960	Did not qualify
1964
1968
1972	Bronze medalists	3rd	7	5	2	0	17	6	Squad
1976	Bronze medalists	3rd	5	4	0	1	10	4	Squad
Since 1976	Succeeded with Olympic team
Total	Gold medalists	4/20	20	14	4	2	44	21	—

Honours

This is a list of honours for the senior Soviet Union national football team

• FIFA World Cup
  • Fourth-place (1): 1966

• UEFA European Championship
  • Winners (1): 1960
  • Runner-up (3): 1964, 1972, 1988
  • Fourth-place (1): 1968

• Olympic football tournament
  • Gold Medal (2): 1956, 1988
  • Bronze Medal (3): 1972, 1976, 1980

• Nehru Cup
  • Winners (1): 1985^[10]

See also

•  Association football portal
•  Soviet Union portal

• Russia national football team
• CIS national football team
• Soviet Union national under-21 football team
• Soviet Union national under-18 football team
• Soviet Union national under-16 football team
• Soviet Union women's national football team
• Soviet Union national football team all-time record

Notes

1. Hentilä, Seppo (1982). Suomen työläisurheilun historia I. Työväen Urheiluliitto 1919–1944. Hämeenlinna: Karisto. pp. 146–148. ISBN 951-23216-0-2.
2. Hentilä, Seppo (2014). Bewegung, Kultur und Alltag im Arbeitersport (in German). Helsinki: The Finnish Society for Labour History. p. 48. ISBN 978-952-59762-6-7. from the original on 3 May 2018. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
3. "Soviet Union – International Results 1911-1935". RSSSF. from the original on 30 December 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
4. "USSR – Yugoslavia, the Story of Two Different Football Conceptions". russianfootballnews.com. from the original on 24 April 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
5. "Yugoslavia National Team List of Results 1950-1959". RSSSF. from the original on 24 November 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
6. "USSR – Yugoslavia, the Story of Two Different Football Conceptions". russianfootballnews.com. from the original on 24 April 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
7. "1958 – Qualifying competition". Planet World Cup. from the original on 19 January 2007. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
8. . en.rfs.ru. Archived from the original on 9 September 2016.
9. Mamrud, Roberto. "Soviet Union/CIS – Record International Players". RSSSF. from the original on 6 October 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2004.
10. Roy, Abhishek (14 August 2007). . TwoCircles.net. IANS. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Soviet Union national association football team.

• RSSSF archive of results 1923-1991/92
• RSSSF archive of most capped players and highest goalscorers
• Football in Soviet Union
• Russia Team Profile including old Soviet Union World Cup qualifications
• Russia (Soviet Union) National Football Team
• Team history
• Media Biblioteca of USSR National Football Team
• Media Biblioteca of USSR National Football Team in VK

Preceded by Inaugural champions

European champions 1960 (first title)

Succeeded by 1964   Spain