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Smoking bans in private vehicles

Smoking bans in private vehicles are enacted to protect passengers from secondhand smoke and to increase road traffic safety, e.g. by preventing the driver from being distracted by the act of smoking. Smoking bans in private vehicles are less common than bans extended to public transport or vehicles used during work, like trucks or police cars.

Traffic security edit

The acts of looking for, reaching for, and then lighting cigarettes can considerably distract a driver. A burning cigarette that has fallen into a driver's lap might lead to panic-like reactions. Cigarette stubs thrown out of a window pose a serious fire threat. Some serious traffic accidents in Germany are known to have been caused by lit cigarettes.[1] Some German tribunals have commented on the imprudence of smoking while driving.[2] Despite that, as of 2023, smoking while driving is legal in Germany, even if children are present.[3] However, German politician Karl Lauterbach, current federal minister of health, is planning to ban smoking in vehicles when children are present,[4] a measure supported by 87 % of German car drivers, according to an opinion poll conducted by the German Cancer Research Center.[3] According to estimates of the German Cancer Research Center, around one million minors in Germany were exposed to smoking in cars as of 2022.[5]


Protection from secondhand smoke edit

More recently, the dangers of secondhand smoke (SHS) have seen more attention, and smoking in a car (whether in motion or not) is banned in some jurisdictions as a measure against passive smoking. SHS, also called environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), is a mixture of two forms of smoke that come from burning tobacco. Mainstream smoke is the smoke exhaled by a smoker. Sidestream smoke is smoke from the lighted end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar, or tobacco burning in a hookah. This type of smoke has higher concentrations of cancer-causing agents (carcinogens) and is more toxic than mainstream smoke. It also has smaller particles than mainstream smoke. These smaller particles make their way into the lungs and the body’s cells more easily. When non-smokers are exposed to SHS, it is called involuntary smoking or passive smoking. Non-smokers who breathe in SHS take in nicotine and toxic chemicals the same way smokers do. The more SHS someone breathes, the higher the levels of these harmful chemicals in their body.[6] Some laws stipulate that such a ban applies only when a passenger is under a certain age. A study showed that after smoking one cigarette in a car, the time required for respirable particles' concentration to return to its initial value, depending on car movement cases, windows positions and ventilation settings, varies between 10 and 60 minutes.[7]

Wildfires edit

Cigarettes or cigarette litter thrown out of the window of cars moving through a vegetated area (particularly during the hot season) is one of the causes of wildfires or bushfires. A southern France firefighters' department statistic attributes 16% of local bushfires to cigarette litter thrown out of moving vehicles (and 13.8% to cigarette litter from pedestrians).[8]

Jurisdictions with a smoking ban in private vehicles edit

Australia edit

In the Australian Capital Territory, a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since May 2012. An on the spot fine of AUD $150 is applicable for individuals or $750 for companies. Court fines may be higher.[9] The ban includes cigarettes and personal vaporisers/e-cigarettes.

In New South Wales a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since July 2009. There is an on the spot fine of AUD $250 for drivers or passengers, with a maximum fine of AUD $1,100 if unsuccessfully disputed or appealed.[10] An amendment added e-cigarettes on 1 December 2015.[11]

In the Northern Territory a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since December 2014, the last jurisdiction in Australia to do so.[12]

In Queensland a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since January 2010. Smoking-related offences are based on a unit price of $133.45 with offences charged in multiples of the unit price. As of 1 July 2019, smoking in cars with children is two units, or $266.90[13]

In South Australia a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since May 2007. The maximum fine is AUD $750 with a AUD $105 expiation fee.[14][15]

In Tasmania a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 18 has existed since 1 January 2008. There is a AUD $110 on the spot fine.[16]

In Victoria a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 18 has existed since 1 January 2010.[17]

In Western Australia a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 17 has existed since 22 September 2010.[18]

Bahrain edit

Since 13 April 2009, smoking in cars with accompanying children is banned in Bahrain.[19]

Canada edit

Smoking with anyone under the age of 16 present in a vehicle is currently banned in the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan and Yukon Territory.[20][21][22] Smoking is banned in vehicles with persons under the age of 19 present in Nova Scotia.[23][24]

Cyprus edit

On Cyprus smoking in vehicles with minors under the age of 16 is prohibited.[25][26]

France edit

It is forbidden to smoke in private vehicles in the presence of children under the age of 12 since 2015.

Greece edit

Greece introduced fines of up to 3,000 Euros for smoking in a vehicle with a minor (a child under 12 years old) in 2019.[27]

Mauritius edit

On Mauritius smoking is prohibited in any car carrying passengers, since 2008.[19]

New Zealand edit

New Zealand banned smoking in any vehicle carrying a person under 18 years old (unless the person under 18 is the driver) from June 2020, and vaping from November 2021 with fines of NZ$50 applying.[28]

South Africa edit

A law prohibiting smoking in private vehicles with minors under the age of 12 has been voted.[29]

Turkey edit

In Turkey, smoking in a vehicle has been prohibited since 2013 with the law numbered 4207[30] in accordance with the smoke-free air policy.[31] People who smoke are subject to fines.[31]

United Arab Emirates edit

On 6 January 2010, a federal law (superseding the smoking bans which already existed in most of the emirates) was signed. Among other provisions, it introduces a smoking ban in private vehicles in the presence of children under the age of 12.[32]

United Kingdom edit

On 1 October 2015, smoking in vehicles with passengers under 18 was banned in England and Wales, except in convertibles.[33] It is also illegal for drivers under the age of 18 to allow other passengers to smoke in their car, regardless of their age – however drivers under the age of 18 will be permitted to smoke in their car as long as no passengers are present.[34] It is a criminal offence for any driver to fail to stop a passenger illegally smoking in the car while a passenger under the age of 18 is present.

Scotland enacted a ban on 5 December 2016.[35]

While a ban was approved in 2016 in Northern Ireland,[36] it has yet to be enacted.[37]

Smoking is not allowed in work vehicles that more than one person use. Smoking in company cars is allowed, provided that there is only one user of the car and the employer allows.[38]

Jersey edit

In Jersey smoking has been banned in all vehicles carrying passengers under the age of 18. Drivers under the age of 18 (the legal driving age in Jersey is 17) are also forbidden to smoke whilst in their own vehicles, even if they are the only passengers. The law came into force on 1 September 2015,[39] after debate in the States Assembly and is the first place in the British Isles to enact a ban of this sort.[40]

United States edit

Smoking in cars with children under 18 was banned in the state of California in 2007,[41] and is banned in certain counties and cities of Hawaii, Indiana, Kansas, New Jersey, New York, Kentucky,[42] Alabama and Illinois.

A smoking ban in cars with children is being tested in the states of Arkansas (child's age <14), Louisiana (<13), Maine (<16), Oregon (<18), Puerto Rico (<13), Utah (<15), Vermont (<8), and Virginia (<8).

CPS may also be involved if the smoker is the legal guardian of the children present.

Planned smoking bans in private vehicles edit

Finland edit

Finland intends to ban smoking in cars while children are present. Furthermore, smoking in places where children are present is to be banned generally.[43]

Israel edit

In Israel the introduction of a smoking ban in cars is being discussed in the Knesset.[44]

Netherlands edit

Similar plans exist in the Netherlands.[45]

Taiwan edit

Taiwan plans to ban smoking while driving a car, riding a bike or walking on a sidewalk.[46][47] The rationale is the concern about traffic security and air pollution.

External links edit

    References edit

    1. ^ SWR: Diskussion – Rauchen im Auto (in German) 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
    2. ^ "Verkehrsunfall durch Rauchen im Fahrzeug – grob Fahrlässig? - RA Kotz". Rechtsanwälte Kotz. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    3. ^ a b "Wo gilt ein Rauchverbot im Auto? - Verkehrsrecht 2023". bussgeldkatalog.org (in German). Retrieved 2023-06-15.
    4. ^ "Karl Lauterbach plant Rauchverbot in Autos mit Kindern und Schwangeren". www.zeit.de. Retrieved 2023-07-07.
    5. ^ "Rauchverbot im Auto? Bundesregierung sieht rechtliche Hürden". AerzteZeitung.de (in German). 2022-04-29. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
    6. ^ Article in America Cancer Society
    7. ^ Saber, E.M.; Bazargan, M. (2011). "Dynamic behavior modeling of cigarette smoke particles inside the car cabin with different ventilation scenarios". International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 8 (4): 747–764. doi:10.1007/BF03326259. hdl:1807/62963. S2CID 94233092.
    8. ^ "Centre Hospitalier Avignon: Le tabac et l'environnement". 22 July 2012. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    9. ^ "Smoking in Cars with Children (Prohibition) Act 2011". www.legislation.act.gov.au. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
    10. ^ . Archived from the original on 2015-06-23. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
    11. ^ "Ban the use of e-cigarettes in smoke-free public places". NSW Government Health. 26 July 2020.
    12. ^ "NT becomes final jurisdiction to outlaw smoking in cars carrying children". ABC News. 31 October 2014. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    13. ^ "Penalties, Fines and Enforcement of Tobacco Laws". Queensland Health. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
    14. ^ ""Smoke-free cars", by the Government of South Australia". Retrieved 26 July 2020.
    15. ^ "Can you smoke in a car in Australia?". 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
    16. ^ "Smoking banned in cars in Tasmania" in The Australian
    17. ^ Health, c=AU; st=Victoria; o=State Government of Victoria; ou1=Department of. "Health Victoria News - Department of Health Victoria Australia". www.health.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 10 November 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    18. ^ "Smoke-free in vehicles with children". Department of Health. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
    19. ^ a b GASP 2011-07-27 at the Wayback Machine
    20. ^ [1] 18 March 2009
    21. ^ [2] 2015-06-17 at the Wayback Machine 15 July 2010
    22. ^ [3] 17 October 2009
    23. ^ Nova Scotia bans smoking in cars with children as of April 1 21 March 2008
    24. ^ Alberta, Alberta Health - Government of. "Tobacco Reduction in Alberta: Alberta Health website". www.health.alberta.ca. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    25. ^ . Independent.co.uk. Archived from the original on June 5, 2008. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    26. ^ "Our Cyprus". Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    27. ^ "Health Ministry: Heavy fines of up to €3,000 for smoking drivers". Keep Talking Greece. 2019-08-05. Retrieved 2020-07-26.
    28. ^ "Are you allowed to smoke with children in the car?". June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
    29. ^ South Afrika 2010-01-09 at the Wayback Machine
    30. ^ Tütün Ürünlerinin Zararlarının Önlenmesi ve Kontrolü Hakkında Kanun (PDF) (in Turkish). T.C. Resmî Gazete. 7 November 1996. p. 1. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
    31. ^ a b "Arabada sigara içme cezası ne kadar?". www.haberturk.com (in Turkish). 2023-01-25. Retrieved 2023-03-05.
    32. ^ . Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    33. ^ "England bans smoking in cars". BBC News. 11 February 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    34. ^ Meikle, James (2015-08-11). "Motorists alerted over upcoming ban on smoking in cars to prevent surge in fines". the Guardian. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
    35. ^ "The Scotland wide ban on smoking in cars starts today - here's what you need to know". GlasgowLive. 5 December 2016.
    36. ^ "MLAs back ban on smoking in cars". BBC News. 2016-02-22. Retrieved 2020-07-26.
    37. ^ "Smoking regulations in Northern Ireland". NI Direct Government Services. 5 December 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
    38. ^ "Smoking at work: the law". gov.uk. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
    39. ^ "Restriction on Smoking (Motor Vehicles) (Jersey) Regulations 2015".
    40. ^ "Smoking banned in cars with children". BBC News. 15 July 2014. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    41. ^ "Law section". leginfo.legislature.ca.gov. Retrieved 2018-06-05.
    42. ^ TEGNA. "Shepherdsville City Council bans 'smoking in cars with kids'". Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    43. ^ HT. "Russian shipbuilding company taking full ownership of Helsinki shipyard". www.helsinkitimes.fi. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
    44. ^ Israel 2011-09-16 at the Wayback Machine
    45. ^ ASH Ireland (Netherlands mentioned) 2009-05-04 at the Wayback Machine
    46. ^ "Taiwan aims to ban smoking while walking". Bangkok Post. November 12, 2009.[permanent dead link]
    47. ^ "Taiwan bans smoking while walking". Retrieved 10 November 2017.

    smoking, bans, private, vehicles, enacted, protect, passengers, from, secondhand, smoke, increase, road, traffic, safety, preventing, driver, from, being, distracted, smoking, less, common, than, bans, extended, public, transport, vehicles, used, during, work,. Smoking bans in private vehicles are enacted to protect passengers from secondhand smoke and to increase road traffic safety e g by preventing the driver from being distracted by the act of smoking Smoking bans in private vehicles are less common than bans extended to public transport or vehicles used during work like trucks or police cars Contents 1 Traffic security 2 Protection from secondhand smoke 3 Wildfires 4 Jurisdictions with a smoking ban in private vehicles 4 1 Australia 4 2 Bahrain 4 3 Canada 4 4 Cyprus 4 5 France 4 6 Greece 4 7 Mauritius 4 8 New Zealand 4 9 South Africa 4 10 Turkey 4 11 United Arab Emirates 4 12 United Kingdom 4 12 1 Jersey 4 13 United States 5 Planned smoking bans in private vehicles 5 1 Finland 5 2 Israel 5 3 Netherlands 5 4 Taiwan 6 External links 7 ReferencesTraffic security editThe acts of looking for reaching for and then lighting cigarettes can considerably distract a driver A burning cigarette that has fallen into a driver s lap might lead to panic like reactions Cigarette stubs thrown out of a window pose a serious fire threat Some serious traffic accidents in Germany are known to have been caused by lit cigarettes 1 Some German tribunals have commented on the imprudence of smoking while driving 2 Despite that as of 2023 smoking while driving is legal in Germany even if children are present 3 However German politician Karl Lauterbach current federal minister of health is planning to ban smoking in vehicles when children are present 4 a measure supported by 87 of German car drivers according to an opinion poll conducted by the German Cancer Research Center 3 According to estimates of the German Cancer Research Center around one million minors in Germany were exposed to smoking in cars as of 2022 5 Protection from secondhand smoke editMore recently the dangers of secondhand smoke SHS have seen more attention and smoking in a car whether in motion or not is banned in some jurisdictions as a measure against passive smoking SHS also called environmental tobacco smoke ETS is a mixture of two forms of smoke that come from burning tobacco Mainstream smoke is the smoke exhaled by a smoker Sidestream smoke is smoke from the lighted end of a cigarette pipe or cigar or tobacco burning in a hookah This type of smoke has higher concentrations of cancer causing agents carcinogens and is more toxic than mainstream smoke It also has smaller particles than mainstream smoke These smaller particles make their way into the lungs and the body s cells more easily When non smokers are exposed to SHS it is called involuntary smoking or passive smoking Non smokers who breathe in SHS take in nicotine and toxic chemicals the same way smokers do The more SHS someone breathes the higher the levels of these harmful chemicals in their body 6 Some laws stipulate that such a ban applies only when a passenger is under a certain age A study showed that after smoking one cigarette in a car the time required for respirable particles concentration to return to its initial value depending on car movement cases windows positions and ventilation settings varies between 10 and 60 minutes 7 Wildfires editCigarettes or cigarette litter thrown out of the window of cars moving through a vegetated area particularly during the hot season is one of the causes of wildfires or bushfires A southern France firefighters department statistic attributes 16 of local bushfires to cigarette litter thrown out of moving vehicles and 13 8 to cigarette litter from pedestrians 8 Jurisdictions with a smoking ban in private vehicles editAustralia edit Main article List of smoking bans in Australia In the Australian Capital Territory a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since May 2012 An on the spot fine of AUD 150 is applicable for individuals or 750 for companies Court fines may be higher 9 The ban includes cigarettes and personal vaporisers e cigarettes In New South Wales a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since July 2009 There is an on the spot fine of AUD 250 for drivers or passengers with a maximum fine of AUD 1 100 if unsuccessfully disputed or appealed 10 An amendment added e cigarettes on 1 December 2015 11 In the Northern Territory a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since December 2014 the last jurisdiction in Australia to do so 12 In Queensland a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since January 2010 Smoking related offences are based on a unit price of 133 45 with offences charged in multiples of the unit price As of 1 July 2019 smoking in cars with children is two units or 266 90 13 In South Australia a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 16 has existed since May 2007 The maximum fine is AUD 750 with a AUD 105 expiation fee 14 15 In Tasmania a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 18 has existed since 1 January 2008 There is a AUD 110 on the spot fine 16 In Victoria a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 18 has existed since 1 January 2010 17 In Western Australia a smoking ban in cars with minors under the age of 17 has existed since 22 September 2010 18 Bahrain edit Since 13 April 2009 smoking in cars with accompanying children is banned in Bahrain 19 Canada edit Smoking with anyone under the age of 16 present in a vehicle is currently banned in the provinces of Alberta British Columbia Newfoundland and Labrador Manitoba Ontario New Brunswick Prince Edward Island Saskatchewan and Yukon Territory 20 21 22 Smoking is banned in vehicles with persons under the age of 19 present in Nova Scotia 23 24 Cyprus edit On Cyprus smoking in vehicles with minors under the age of 16 is prohibited 25 26 France edit It is forbidden to smoke in private vehicles in the presence of children under the age of 12 since 2015 Greece edit Greece introduced fines of up to 3 000 Euros for smoking in a vehicle with a minor a child under 12 years old in 2019 27 Mauritius edit On Mauritius smoking is prohibited in any car carrying passengers since 2008 19 New Zealand edit New Zealand banned smoking in any vehicle carrying a person under 18 years old unless the person under 18 is the driver from June 2020 and vaping from November 2021 with fines of NZ 50 applying 28 South Africa edit A law prohibiting smoking in private vehicles with minors under the age of 12 has been voted 29 Turkey edit In Turkey smoking in a vehicle has been prohibited since 2013 with the law numbered 4207 30 in accordance with the smoke free air policy 31 People who smoke are subject to fines 31 United Arab Emirates edit On 6 January 2010 a federal law superseding the smoking bans which already existed in most of the emirates was signed Among other provisions it introduces a smoking ban in private vehicles in the presence of children under the age of 12 32 United Kingdom edit On 1 October 2015 smoking in vehicles with passengers under 18 was banned in England and Wales except in convertibles 33 It is also illegal for drivers under the age of 18 to allow other passengers to smoke in their car regardless of their age however drivers under the age of 18 will be permitted to smoke in their car as long as no passengers are present 34 It is a criminal offence for any driver to fail to stop a passenger illegally smoking in the car while a passenger under the age of 18 is present Scotland enacted a ban on 5 December 2016 35 While a ban was approved in 2016 in Northern Ireland 36 it has yet to be enacted 37 Smoking is not allowed in work vehicles that more than one person use Smoking in company cars is allowed provided that there is only one user of the car and the employer allows 38 Jersey edit In Jersey smoking has been banned in all vehicles carrying passengers under the age of 18 Drivers under the age of 18 the legal driving age in Jersey is 17 are also forbidden to smoke whilst in their own vehicles even if they are the only passengers The law came into force on 1 September 2015 39 after debate in the States Assembly and is the first place in the British Isles to enact a ban of this sort 40 United States edit Smoking in cars with children under 18 was banned in the state of California in 2007 41 and is banned in certain counties and cities of Hawaii Indiana Kansas New Jersey New York Kentucky 42 Alabama and Illinois A smoking ban in cars with children is being tested in the states of Arkansas child s age lt 14 Louisiana lt 13 Maine lt 16 Oregon lt 18 Puerto Rico lt 13 Utah lt 15 Vermont lt 8 and Virginia lt 8 CPS may also be involved if the smoker is the legal guardian of the children present Planned smoking bans in private vehicles editFinland edit Finland intends to ban smoking in cars while children are present Furthermore smoking in places where children are present is to be banned generally 43 Israel edit In Israel the introduction of a smoking ban in cars is being discussed in the Knesset 44 Netherlands edit Similar plans exist in the Netherlands 45 Taiwan edit Main article Smoking in Taiwan Taiwan plans to ban smoking while driving a car riding a bike or walking on a sidewalk 46 47 The rationale is the concern about traffic security and air pollution External links editTobacco Free awareness action How many people smoke in carsReferences edit SWR Diskussion Rauchen im Auto in German Archived 2007 09 29 at the Wayback Machine Verkehrsunfall durch Rauchen im Fahrzeug grob Fahrlassig RA Kotz Rechtsanwalte Kotz Retrieved 10 November 2017 a b Wo gilt ein Rauchverbot im Auto Verkehrsrecht 2023 bussgeldkatalog org in German Retrieved 2023 06 15 Karl Lauterbach plant Rauchverbot in Autos mit Kindern und Schwangeren www zeit de Retrieved 2023 07 07 Rauchverbot im Auto Bundesregierung sieht rechtliche Hurden AerzteZeitung de in German 2022 04 29 Retrieved 2023 10 08 Article in America Cancer Society Saber E M Bazargan M 2011 Dynamic behavior modeling of cigarette smoke particles inside the car cabin with different ventilation scenarios International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 8 4 747 764 doi 10 1007 BF03326259 hdl 1807 62963 S2CID 94233092 Centre Hospitalier Avignon Le tabac et l environnement 22 July 2012 Archived from the original on 22 July 2012 Retrieved 10 November 2017 Smoking in Cars with Children Prohibition Act 2011 www legislation act gov au Retrieved 26 July 2020 Tobacco Retailing Laws by the Government of New South Wales Archived from the original on 2015 06 23 Retrieved 2015 02 15 Ban the use of e cigarettes in smoke free public places NSW Government Health 26 July 2020 NT becomes final jurisdiction to outlaw smoking in cars carrying children ABC News 31 October 2014 Retrieved 10 November 2017 Penalties Fines and Enforcement of Tobacco Laws Queensland Health Retrieved 26 July 2020 Smoke free cars by the Government of South Australia Retrieved 26 July 2020 Can you smoke in a car in Australia 26 July 2020 Retrieved 26 July 2020 Smoking banned in cars in Tasmania in The Australian Health c AU st Victoria o State Government of Victoria ou1 Department of Health Victoria News Department of Health Victoria Australia www health vic gov au Retrieved 10 November 2017 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Smoke free in vehicles with children Department of Health Retrieved 26 July 2020 a b GASP Archived 2011 07 27 at the Wayback Machine 1 18 March 2009 2 Archived 2015 06 17 at the Wayback Machine 15 July 2010 3 17 October 2009 Nova Scotia bans smoking in cars with children as of April 1 21 March 2008 Alberta Alberta Health Government of Tobacco Reduction in Alberta Alberta Health website www health alberta ca Retrieved 10 November 2017 US Independent co uk Archived from the original on June 5 2008 Retrieved 10 November 2017 Our Cyprus Archived from the original on 13 July 2012 Retrieved 10 November 2017 Health Ministry Heavy fines of up to 3 000 for smoking drivers Keep Talking Greece 2019 08 05 Retrieved 2020 07 26 Are you allowed to smoke with children in the car June 2020 Retrieved 16 June 2020 South Afrika Archived 2010 01 09 at the Wayback Machine Tutun Urunlerinin Zararlarinin Onlenmesi ve Kontrolu Hakkinda Kanun PDF in Turkish T C Resmi Gazete 7 November 1996 p 1 Retrieved 6 March 2023 a b Arabada sigara icme cezasi ne kadar www haberturk com in Turkish 2023 01 25 Retrieved 2023 03 05 UAE Archived from the original on 1 February 2014 Retrieved 10 November 2017 England bans smoking in cars BBC News 11 February 2015 Retrieved 10 November 2017 Meikle James 2015 08 11 Motorists alerted over upcoming ban on smoking in cars to prevent surge in fines the Guardian Retrieved 23 September 2015 The Scotland wide ban on smoking in cars starts today here s what you need to know GlasgowLive 5 December 2016 MLAs back ban on smoking in cars BBC News 2016 02 22 Retrieved 2020 07 26 Smoking regulations in Northern Ireland NI Direct Government Services 5 December 2016 Retrieved 26 July 2020 Smoking at work the law gov uk Retrieved 18 December 2016 Restriction on Smoking Motor Vehicles Jersey Regulations 2015 Smoking banned in cars with children BBC News 15 July 2014 Retrieved 10 November 2017 Law section leginfo legislature ca gov Retrieved 2018 06 05 TEGNA Shepherdsville City Council bans smoking in cars with kids Retrieved 10 November 2017 HT Russian shipbuilding company taking full ownership of Helsinki shipyard www helsinkitimes fi Retrieved 10 November 2017 Israel Archived 2011 09 16 at the Wayback Machine ASH Ireland Netherlands mentioned Archived 2009 05 04 at the Wayback Machine Taiwan aims to ban smoking while walking Bangkok Post November 12 2009 permanent dead link Taiwan bans smoking while walking Retrieved 10 November 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Smoking bans in private vehicles amp oldid 1195550251, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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