The Sima clan were said to be the descendants of the mythological figures Gaoyang and Chongli (Gaoyang's son). They served as xiaguan (夏官; "officers of summer")[a] in the reigns of the mythical emperors Yao and Shun and through the Xia and Shang dynasties. During the Zhou dynasty, officials holding the appointment of xiaguan oversaw military affairs and were collectively known as "xiaguan sima". Cheng Boxiufu (程柏休父), a descendant of Chongli, helped King Xuan of the Zhou dynasty consolidate his rule over his kingdom. In return, the king awarded aristocratic status to Cheng Boxiufu's clan. Cheng Boxiufu and his descendants adopted Sima as their family name.[1] In the late Zhou dynasty, the Sima clan migrated to the states of Wei, Zhao and Qin. The Sima family in Qin included Sima Ji, a general who battled alongside Bai Qi during the Battle of Changping. His fifth-generation descendant was Sima Tan, a Han dynasty court astrologer, and his son was Sima Qian, the author of Records of the Grand Historian.
In the late Qin dynasty, Sima Ang served as a general in the insurgent Zhao state and joined other rebel forces in overthrowing the Qin dynasty. After the fall of the Qin dynasty, Sima Ang declared himself the king of a separate state, Yin (殷), with its capital in Henei (河內; in present-day Henan). In the early Han dynasty, Sima Ang's kingdom became a commandery of the Han Empire and his descendants had lived there since.[2]Sima Yi, a descendant of Sima Ang, served as an official, military general and regent of the Cao Wei state in the Three Kingdoms period. His grandson, Sima Yan, usurped the throne from the last Cao Wei emperor and established the Jin dynasty. After the Jin dynasty ended, many members of the Sima clan changed their surname to avoid persecution.
List of people with the surname
Cheng Boxiufu, first took the title Sima as his surname
Sima Xiangru, a minor official during the Western Han dynasty but better known for his poetic skills, Chinese wine (jiu) business and controversial marriage to a widow Zhuo Wenjun after both eloped.
Sima Lang, Sima Yi's elder brother, Han dynasty politician.
Sima Guang, historian and statesman during the Song dynasty, known for his monumental historical work Zizhi Tongjian and rivalry against contemporary Wang Anshi. There is a popular story of him, as a youth, saving someone who fell into a large water pot by smashing it with a rock.
This page lists people with the surnameSima. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.
January 21, 2023
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Sima sɹ ma simplified Chinese 司马 traditional Chinese 司馬 pinyin Simǎ Wade Giles Ssu ma is a Chinese family name It is one of the rare two character Chinese family names most Chinese family names consist of only a single character It is an occupational surname literally meaning control si horses mǎ in a similar way as the English surname Marshall is derived from the Frankish mare horse skalkoz master The family name originated from one of the offices of the Three Excellencies of the Zhou dynasty The name has also been anglicised as Szema citation needed Sima Szema Sima in regular scriptPronunciationSimǎ Pinyin Su ma Pe h ōe ji Language s ChineseOriginLanguage s Chinese languageWord nameOne of the offices of the Zhou dynasty s Three ExcellenciesMeaninghorse masterOther namesVariant form s Sima Mandarin Suma Hokkien Sma English See alsoSzema Contents 1 History 2 List of people with the surname 3 See also 4 Notelist 5 ReferencesHistory EditThe Sima clan were said to be the descendants of the mythological figures Gaoyang and Chongli Gaoyang s son They served as xiaguan 夏官 officers of summer a in the reigns of the mythical emperors Yao and Shun and through the Xia and Shang dynasties During the Zhou dynasty officials holding the appointment of xiaguan oversaw military affairs and were collectively known as xiaguan sima Cheng Boxiufu 程柏休父 a descendant of Chongli helped King Xuan of the Zhou dynasty consolidate his rule over his kingdom In return the king awarded aristocratic status to Cheng Boxiufu s clan Cheng Boxiufu and his descendants adopted Sima as their family name 1 In the late Zhou dynasty the Sima clan migrated to the states of Wei Zhao and Qin The Sima family in Qin included Sima Ji a general who battled alongside Bai Qi during the Battle of Changping His fifth generation descendant was Sima Tan a Han dynasty court astrologer and his son was Sima Qian the author of Records of the Grand Historian In the late Qin dynasty Sima Ang served as a general in the insurgent Zhao state and joined other rebel forces in overthrowing the Qin dynasty After the fall of the Qin dynasty Sima Ang declared himself the king of a separate state Yin 殷 with its capital in Henei 河內 in present day Henan In the early Han dynasty Sima Ang s kingdom became a commandery of the Han Empire and his descendants had lived there since 2 Sima Yi a descendant of Sima Ang served as an official military general and regent of the Cao Wei state in the Three Kingdoms period His grandson Sima Yan usurped the throne from the last Cao Wei emperor and established the Jin dynasty After the Jin dynasty ended many members of the Sima clan changed their surname to avoid persecution List of people with the surname EditCheng Boxiufu first took the title Sima as his surname Sima Niu disciple of Confucius Sima Cuo important Qin General Sima Shang General of the State of Zhao Sima Xin Qin dynasty official and general later King of Sai Sima Ang Qin dynasty official later King of Yin Sima Tan historian during the Western Han dynasty Sima Qian Sima Tan s son historian during the Western Han dynasty and author of Records of the Grand Historian Sima Xiangru a minor official during the Western Han dynasty but better known for his poetic skills Chinese wine jiu business and controversial marriage to a widow Zhuo Wenjun after both eloped Sima Lang Sima Yi s elder brother Han dynasty politician Sima Fu Sima Yi s younger brother Cao Wei politician Sima Yi Cao Wei regent general and politician Sima Shi Sima Yi s eldest son Cao Wei general and regent Sima Zhao Sima Yi s second son Cao Wei general and regent Sima Wang Sima Fu s son Cao Wei politician Sima Liang Sima Yi s fourth son first among the Eight Princes Sima Wei fifth son of Emperor Wu of Jin second among the Eight Princes Sima Lun Sima Yi s youngest son third among the Eight Princes Sima Jiong son of Sima You fourth among the Eight Princes Sima Yan Sima Zhao s son founding emperor of the Jin dynasty 266 420 Sima Ai sixth son of Emperor Wu of Jin fifth among the Eight Princes Sima Ying 16th son of Emperor Wu of Jin sixth among the Eight Princes Sima Yong Sima Fu s grandson seventh among the Eight Princes Sima Yue cousin of Emperor Wu of Jin eighth among the Eight Princes Sima Guang historian and statesman during the Song dynasty known for his monumental historical work Zizhi Tongjian and rivalry against contemporary Wang Anshi There is a popular story of him as a youth saving someone who fell into a large water pot by smashing it with a rock Sima Zhong second emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Chi third emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Ye fourth emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Rui fifth emperor of the Jin dynasty and founder of the Eastern Jin dynasty Sima Shao sixth emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Yan seventh emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Yue emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Dan emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Pi emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Yi emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Yu emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Yao emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Dezong emperor of the Jin dynasty Sima Dewen last emperor of the Jin dynasty Sire Ma Hong Kong actress from Chongqing born with the surname Sima Sima Nan Chinese scholar journalist social commentator Sima Pingbang Chinese scholar social commentator See also EditJin dynasty 266 420 Records of the Grand Historian Family tree of Sima Yi Chinese emperors family tree early Jin Dynasty and ChuNotelist Edit See the Rites of Zhou for details on the Offices of Summer References Edit 宣皇帝諱懿 字仲達 河內溫縣孝敬里人 姓司馬氏 其先出自帝高陽之子重黎 為夏官祝融 歷唐 虞 夏 商 世序其職 及周 以夏官為司馬 其後程伯休父 周宣王時 以世官克平徐方 錫以官族 因而為氏 Jin Shu vol 1 楚漢間 司馬卬為趙將 與諸侯伐秦 秦亡 立為殷王 都河內 漢以其地為郡 子孫遂家焉 自卬八世 生征西將軍鈞 字叔平 鈞生豫章太守量 字公度 量生潁川太守儁 字元異 儁生京兆尹防 字建公 帝即防之第二子也 Jin Shu vol 1 Fang Xuanling Book of Jin Jin Shu This page lists people with the surname Sima If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page you may wish to change that link by adding the person s given name s to the link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sima Chinese surname amp oldid 1085348528, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
